基于VC-综合赋权法的海上风电APF配置优化方法研究

大容量海上风电机组的接入改变了传统电力系统结构,给电网带来了谐波等问题,影响了电能质量。为抑制海上风电机组产生的低次谐波,文章首先建立了海上风电机组并网电流的低次谐波理论模型;然后,在仿真软件ETAP上搭建海上风电机组仿真模型,验证不同出力情况下风电场的输出谐波特性;最后,基于风电场输出谐波特性,提出变异系数(Variation Coefficient,VC)综合赋权法对风电场有源滤波器(APF)进行优化配置,提升了风电场谐波的治理效果。基于实际算例验证了所提方法的有效性。

多谐波源接入的城市配电网SAPF优化配置方法

针对分布式光伏和电动汽车充电设施等新谐波源渗透率高及分散接入造成的城市配电网谐波污染分散化与全网化问题,构建一种兼顾配电网谐波治理成本与治理成效的并联型有源电力滤波器选址定容双层优化模型。首先,外、内层模型分别以配电网谐波治理成本最小和电压畸变率最低为目标函数;然后,采用粒子群优化算法和遗传算法分别求解,实现配电网谐波治理效益最高的目标;最后,选取IEEE 33节点系统进行仿真,验证了所建模型对配电网谐波治理装置优化配置的有效性。

DC active power filter based on model predictive control for DC bus overvoltage suppression of accelerator grid power supply

The China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor plans to build a 200 k V/25 A acceleration grid power supply(AGPS)for the negative-ion-based neutral beam injector prototype system.The AGPS uses a rectifier-inverter-isolated step-up structure.There is a DC bus between the rectifier and the inverter.In order to limit DC bus voltage ripple and transient fluctuations,a large number of capacitors are used,which degrades the reliability of the power supply and occupies a large amount of space.This work finds that due to the difference in the turn-off time of the rectifier and the inverter,the capacitance mainly depends on the rectifier current when the inverter is turned off.On this basis,an active power filter(APF)scheme is proposed to absorb the current.To enhance the dynamic response ability of the APF,model predictive control is adopted.In this paper,the circuit structure of the APF is introduced,the prediction model is deduced,the corresponding control strategy and signal detection method are proposed,and the simulation and experimental results show that APF can track the transient current of the DC bus and reduce the voltage fluctuation significantly.

Key Techniques of High-voltage and Large-capacity Series Hybrid Active Power Filters

基于基波磁通补偿的串联混合型有源电力滤波器（active power filter,APF）应用于高电压、大容量的谐波抑制场合时,受变压器励磁支路谐波电压的影响,逆变器不能等效为基波电流源,其输出电流将含有大量的谐波,从而影响滤波效果。以逆变器为核心,推导出在励磁支路谐波压降影响下的串联变压器的谐波等效阻抗。并以此为基础,从理论上分析励磁电感和变比对串联变压器谐波等效阻抗和APF滤波效果的影响。仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性。最后,针对广东某厂10kV、1MVA电力负荷,研制一套基于基波磁通补偿的串联混合型有源滤波器工程样机,取得非常好的滤波效果。

Coordinated Control Strategy for Harmonic Compensation of Multiple Active Power Filters

In order to minimize the harmonic distortion rate of the current at the common coupling point,this paper proposes a coordinated allocation strategy of harmonic compensation capacity considering the performance of active power filters(APF).On the premise of proportional distribution of harmonic compensation capacity,the harmonic compensation rate of each APF is considered,and the harmonic current value of each APF to be compensated is obtained.At the same time,the communication topology is introduced.Each APF takes into account the compensation ability of other APFs.Finally,three APFs with different capacity and performance are configured at the harmonic source to suppress the same harmonic source,and the harmonic distortion rate is reduced to 1.73%.The simulation results show that the strategy can effectively improve the compensation capability of the multiple APF cascaded system to the power grid without increasing the installed capacity.

基于有源阻尼方法带LLCL型滤波器的APF控制策略的研究

有源电力滤波器(Active Power Filter,APF)是一种新型的用于补偿谐波和无功功率的电力电子装置,为提高并联型APF的补偿精度。以三相三线制带LLCL型滤波器的APF为研究对象,对APF的控制策略包括电流内环的控制和直流侧电压外环的控制进行研究,分析得出电压外环采用PI控制,电流内环采用PI控制和重复控制有机结合的复合控制策略。利用Matlab/Simulink仿真工具搭建了仿真模型,验证了带LLCL型滤波器的并联APF具有良好的补偿性能,可以明显的降低电网电流的波形失真度(Total Harmonic Distortion,THD)。

基于改进GA优化的级联H桥APF神经网络电流跟踪控制

针对基于级联H桥有源滤波器实现谐波抑制时,传统PI控制电流跟踪的抗扰性差以及由于神经网络预测的局域最优造成的电流跟踪预测不准确、延迟大等问题。本文提出了一种改进GA优化的级联H桥APF神经网络电流跟踪控制策略,以改进选择和交叉操作的GA优化神经网络变化因子,提升了预测控制的全局搜索能力和鲁棒性能。仿真验证表明,所提出的控制策略相较于传统PI控制,提升了电流跟踪控制的鲁棒性;相较基于传统GA优化的神经网络控制方法,本文提出的方法跟踪速度提升了约0.04 s,控制误差减小约0.2 A,谐波畸变率降低0.36%。可见,响应速度和控制精度更优,具有更好的跟踪控制能力。

Lag compensation errors in active power filters based on DSP controllers

The growing problems of harmonic pollution on coal mine power lines caused by high-power DC drive systems has increased the use of active power filters.We analyzed compensation errors caused by the time lag in the detecting circuits of an active power filter based on DSP control.We derived a mathematical model for the compensation error starting from the error estimation when a single distortion frequency is present.This model was then extended to the case where multiple frequencies are present in the distortion.A formula for a general theory of compensation error with fixed load and fixed lag time is presented.The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the delay time of an active power filter mainly arises from the sampling time.Lower sampling frequencies introduce larger compensation errors in the active power filter reference current.

APF直流侧电压自适应PI控制

三相三线制有源滤波器(APF)大多采用传统的PI控制策略来控制直流侧的电容电压。为了提高有源滤波器的性能指标,在传统的PI控制基础上,结合最小隶属度模糊控制理论,提出模糊PI的直流侧电压自适应控制。模糊PI控制可以根据实时情况改变比例和积分参数,解决了传统PI控制器在非线性系统中的缺点。MATLAB仿真表明,模糊PI自适应控制与传统PI控制相比,跟踪性能更强,直流侧电压超调量更低,动态性能更好,并且有效地降低了电网谐波的畸变量。

基于PCHD模型的MMC-APF无源控制策略

由于无源滤波器只能消除特定次谐波,传统有源电力滤波器耐压水平较低,使其只能应用在低压配电网,同时由于电平数较少导致补偿精度受限。文中选择基于(Modular Multilevel Converter,MMC)的有源电力滤波器为研究对象,同时利用MMC-APF的无源性提出一种基于端口受控耗散哈密顿(Port-controlled Hamiltonian with Dissipation,PCHD)模型的非线性无源控制策略(Passivity-Based Control,PBC)。通过MMC-APF系统的数学模型推导出基于PCHD的无源模型;利用互联法和阻尼分配法设计了相应的无源控制器;通过子摸块电容、环流控制、无源控制得到系统调制信号。仿真结果表明,设计的基于PCHD模型的PBC策略能够将系统控制在较低的谐波标准下,相较于传统PI控制策略具有更好的谐波补偿性能和更快的响应速度。

具有APF功能的分布式光伏并网及其改进控制

提出一种基于改进型比例谐振(PR)控制器的兼顾有源电力滤波器(APF)功能的分布式光伏并网系统控制策略,在静止坐标系下对基波逆变电流以及需要补偿的各次谐波电流进行无静差跟踪,在将光伏系统的电能注入电网的同时改善电网电能质量。对比分析了PR控制器与改进的PR控制器特性,根据改进PR控制器各参数对性能指标的影响,对改进的PR控制器进行参数设计。仿真和实验结果表明所提的改进PR控制器可以使电流环控制器更好地跟踪指令电流,对电网频率波动具有较好的适应性,验证了所采用的控制策略的可行性和有效性。

三相四线制APF支撑电容电压脉动分析与设计

为保证有源电力滤波器交流侧输出相电压的准确性,有效进行谐波跟踪补偿,提升电能质量,直流侧母线电压必须保持足够稳定,因此直流侧电容容值合理取值至关重要.为此,本文综合考虑母线电压取值、电容纹波电流与电容损耗等限制因素,基于瞬时功率平衡推导出针对于三相四线制母线支撑电容容量设计方法,在有效抑制直流侧电压波动维持补偿性能的同时避免母线电容过取值,降低硬件成本,实验结果证明了所提方法的有效性.

APF直流侧电压的变论域模糊线性自抗扰控制

针对模糊线性自抗扰控制的缺点,提出变论域模糊线性自抗扰控制。该控制可根据误差以及误差变化率调整模糊控制的输入输出论域。因此,所提出的控制方法可在不增加模糊规则数目,不改变隶属度函数的情况下,提高模糊线性自抗扰控制的稳态精度。仿真结果和实验结果表明:相对于有源电力滤波器(APF)直流侧电压的模糊线性自抗扰控制,所提出的变论域模糊线性自抗扰控制具有更快的响应速度,更高的稳态精度以及更小的总谐波失真(THD)。

SHAPF的电流控制策略及参数设计

为了实现并联混合型有源电力滤波器(SHAPF)高补偿性能的要求,提出一种SHAPF电流双闭环控制策略。利用基波电流环为谐波电流环控制器提供阻尼项,实现有源阻尼的同时减少一组传感器,降低系统复杂度。分析了SHAPF的滤波特性,并给出了SHAPF系统配置的参数设计方法。分析了电流双闭环控制器在离散系统中的稳定性条件,并给出了控制器参数设计方法。搭建了SHAPF的仿真模型与实验样机。结果表明SHAPF具备良好的谐波补偿性能,验证了电流双闭环控制策略及参数设计的合理性。

A PV powered shunt active power filter for power quality improvement

This paper deals with power quality improvement using a three-phase active power filter(APF) connected to a PV power system. A direct power control(DPC) approach is proposed to eliminate harmonic current caused by any nonlinear loads and at the same time guarantees the delivery of a part of the load request from the same PV source. A boost converter is used for maximum power point(MPP) tracking purposes under various climate conditions through a fuzzy logic technique. The suggested study is tested under a MATLAB/Simulink environment. The obtained results depict the efficacy of the proposed procedures to meet the IEEE 519-1992 standard recommendation on harmonic levels.

The Use of LMS and RLS Adaptive Algorithms for an Adaptive Control Method of Active Power Filter

This paper deals with the adaptive control mechanism management meant for shunt active power filters (SAPF). Systems driven this way are designed to improve the quality of electric power (power quality) in industrial networks. The authors have focused on the implementation of two basic representatives of adaptive algorithms, first, the algorithm with a stochastic LMS (least mean square) gradient adaptation and then an algorithm with recursive RLS (recursive least square) optimal adaptation. The system examined by the authors can be used for non-linear loads for appliances with rapid fluctuations of the reactive and active power consumption. The proposed system adaptively reduces distortion, falls (dip) and changes in a supply voltage (flicker). Real signals for measurement were obtained at a sophisticated, three-phase experimental workplace. The results of executed experiments indicate that, with use of the certain adaptive algorithms, the examined AHC system shows very good dynamics, resulting in a much faster transition during the AHC connection-disconnection or during a change in harmonic load on the network. The actual experiments are evaluated from several points of view, mainly according to a time convergence (convergence time) and mistakes in a stable state error (steady state error) of the investigated adaptive algorithms and finally as a total harmonic distortion (THD). The article presents a comparison of the most frequently used adaptive algorithms.

Open-circuit fault diagnosis and fault tolerance for shunt active power filter

The open-circuit fault of the power switches in shunt active power filter(SAPF) would exacerbate the harmonic pollution of power grid, and degrade the reliability of the devices and system. A fault diagnosis method is proposed based on reference model and an over-modulation strategy under hardware fault tolerance for SAPF. First, a mathematic model is established for SAPF. Second, the residuals are generated by comparing the outputs of reference model and those of actual model, and open-switch fault is detected and diagnosed by residual evaluation. After that, hardware fault tolerance is performed with the three-phase four-switch(TPFS) topology to isolate the faulty phase. Finally, the over-modulation strategy is proposed to increase the voltage transfer ratio of the TPFS topology. Simulation and experimental results verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Current control for a shunt hybrid active power filter using recursive integral PI

This paper presents a current control method for a shunt hybrid active power filter （HAPF） using recursive integral PI algorithm. The method improves the performance of the HAPF system by reducing the influence of detection accuracy, time delay of instruction current calculation and phase displacement of output filter. Fuzzy logic based set-point weighing algorithm is combined in the control scheme to enhance its robustness and anti-interference ability. The proposed algorithm is easy to implement for engineering applications and easy to compute. Experiment results have verified the validity of the proposed controller. Furthermore, the proposed recursive integral PI algorithm can also be applied in the control of periodic current as in AC drivers.