短指软珊瑚(Sinularia acuta)热休克蛋白HSP70家族特征及进化分析

热休克蛋白70(heat shock protein 70, HSP70)在生物细胞或组织免受热或氧化应激等方面起着关键作用,是已知高度保守的蛋白质之一。由于全球环境持续升温,珊瑚大面积白化、死亡,珊瑚如何应对持续升温的抗逆机制是科学研究热点。本研究从高温胁迫短指软珊瑚测序蛋白序列数据库分析鉴定出了28个HSP70蛋白家族成员,均为酸性亲水蛋白,大部分蛋白质结构较为稳定。亚细胞定位表明HSP70蛋白主要分布在珊瑚细胞核、细胞质中,在线粒体、内质网上也有少量分布。信号肽预测表明, 28个HSP70蛋白成员中26个没有信号肽,大部分不属于分泌蛋白,不存在跨膜结构。系统进化树结果表明短指软珊瑚HSP70蛋白家族成员聚成5大类。短指软珊瑚HSP70蛋白家族结构和保守基序分析中预测到了10条保守基序motif分为5个亚族。短指软珊瑚HSP70蛋白家族二级结构主要以α-螺旋和无规则卷曲为主,α-螺旋的含量占比大。28个HSP70家族蛋白中有25个预测到了N-糖基化位点,且位点个数在1~9范围内。28个HSP70家族蛋白均预测到磷酸化位点和O-糖基化位点,总个数分别在41~96和1~23范围内。本研究HSP70家族蛋白结果为今后珊瑚在应对全球升温胁迫中的适应机制等方面研究奠定了基础。

盐度、pH和规格对尖紫蛤(Soletellin aacuta)耗氧率和排氨率的影响

采用室内实验生态学方法,进行了尖紫蛤的耗氧率和排氨率的研究。结果表明,盐度和pH对不同规格尖紫蛤的耗氧率和排氨率影响明显。尖紫蛤的耗氧率和排氨率与盐度之间的关系可分别用二次多项式OR=-c1+d2S-d3S2,NR=c2+d4S-d5S2表示,在盐度10时耗氧率和排氨率达到最大值,当盐度超过10时反而下降;pH6.4—8.4时,3种规格尖紫蛤的单位体质量耗氧率和排氨率随pH升高而增强,pH大于8.4时耗氧率和排氨率降低。盐度2—18时,不同规格的尖紫蛤个体O:N值为:8.319—14.840,平均为11.476,在14时O:N出现峰值;pH6.4—9.4时,不同大小的尖紫蛤个体O:N值为:2.377—11.502,平均为8.547,在8.4时O:N出现峰值。

Larvicidal and repellent activities of Sida acuta Burm.F.(Family:Malvaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes

Objective:To determine the larvicidal and repellent activities of Sida acuta Burm.F.（Family: Malvaceae）extract against Culex quinquefasciatus,Aedes aegypti and Anopheles stephensi. Methods:Twenty five late III instar larve of three mosquito species were exposed to various concentrations（15-90 mg/L） and were assayed in the laboratory by using the protocol of WHO 2005:the 24 h LC50 values of the Sida acuta leaf extract was determined following Probit analysis. The repellent efficacy was determined against three mosquito species at three concentrations viz.,1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mg/cm2 under the laboratory conditions.Results:Results showed varying degree of larvicidal activity of crude extract of Sida acuta against three important mosquitoes with LC50 values ranging between 38 to 48 mg/L.The crude extract had strong repellent action against three species of mosquitoes as it provided 100%protection against Anopheles stephensi for 180 min followed by Aedes aegypti（150 min） and Culex quinquefasciatus（120 min）.Conclusions: From the results it can be concluded the crude extract of Sida acuta was an excellent potential for controlling Culex quinquefasciatus,Aedes aegypti and Anopleles stephensi mosquitoes.

Spiramide, a New Diterpene Amide from the Roots of Spiraea japonica var. acuta

Chemical investigation on the neutral fraction of the ethanol extract from the roots of Spiraea japonica var. acuta has resulted in the isolation of one new diterpene amide, spiramide (1). Structure elucidation for 1 was carried out on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra.

Two New Diterpene Alkaloids from the Roots of Spiraea japonica var.Acuta

Chemical investigation on the ethanol extract from the roots of Spiraea japonica var. acuta resulted in the isolation of two new diterpene alkaloids named spiratines A and B (1-2), respectively.

<i>In Vivo</i>Study of Healing Effects of Sida acuta Leaf Extracts on <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Induced Ulceration in Mice

Helicobacter pylori is a human pathogen that is widely distributed and known to cause peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer. Treatment is usually by combination of acid inhibitory therapy and antibiotics because of drug resistance problems. Studies now focus on the use of medicinal plants for treatment of H. pylori induced ulcers because they are inexpensive and have limited side effects. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of cold water and ethanol extracts of Sida acuta leaves on H. pylori induced ulcer in mice. Oral administration with the aid of a feeding tube of 0.5 ml of 107 CFU/ml of H. pylori (Accession number LT799736) in phosphate buffer saline (pH 6.8) was used to induce ulcer in mice. Effects of various concentrations of cold water and ethanol extracts of S. acuta leaves on the ulcer parameters and histology examinations of stomach tissues of mice were investigated after 2 weeks of administration of extracts into the mice. Mice treated with clarithromycin served as positive control while mice administered with H. pylori but not treated served as negative control. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for data analysis and results were considered significant if p < 0.05. Bacterial load of stomach tissue showed significant reduction from 15.4 × 106 CFU/ml to 3.5 × 106 CFU/ml and 2.6 × 106 CFU/ml for cold water and ethanol extracts respectively. Reduction in ulcer severity (2.00 ± 0.10 to 0.080 ± 0.05), ulcer index (8.50 ± 1.10 to 4.26 ± 0.03) and gastric volume (1.32 ± 0.12 to 0.54 ± 0.13) were observed. Histology of stomach tissues of mice treated with extracts revealed clear granulation indicating tissue repair and wound healing. S. acuta extracts were observed to enhance ulcer healing in a mice model.

Investigation of <i>Sida acuta</i>(Wire Weed) Plant Extract as Corrosion Inhibitor for Aluminium-Copper-Magnessium Alloy in Acidic Medium

This work is an investigation of the aqueous corrosion inhibition of Al-Cu-Mg Alloy in acidic medium using extract of Sida acuta (wire weed) plant as corrosion inhibitor at 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% v/v of the extract. After exposing the alloy to the medium, the results showed that the plant extract inhibited the acid induced corrosion. The presence of Sida acuta plant extract reduces corrosion rate from 0.0012 to 0.0001 MPY and percentage protection increases from 37.42% to 93.63% within a ten-day period with increase in percentage volume of the extract. The result has clearly shown that Sida acuta plant extract can be used as a corrosion inhibitor in the part of chemical plant that is made of Al-Cu-Mg Alloy where acid is used for descaling and cleaning.

Analysis on Quality Control of Argyreia acuta Lour

[Objectives]To establish a method for caffeic acid content determination and thin-layer chromatography identification of the Zhuang medicine Argyreia acuta Lour.[Methods]Silica gel GF254(thin-layer plate),toluene-formic acid-ethyl acetate(V∶V∶V=5∶1.2∶3)(developing agent)and 365 nm ultraviolet light were used for thin-layer chromatography identification.Under the chromatographic conditions of column of Thermo SCIENTIFIC Hypersil C18(5μm,4.60 mm×250 mm),mobile phase of methanol-0.1%phosphoric acid(23∶77),detection wavelength of 320 nm,column temperature of 30℃,sample size of 10μL and flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,the content of caffeic acid in A.acuta Lour was determined.[Results]Caffeic acid can be detected in thin layer chromatography,with strong specificity and clear spots.When the sample size of caffeic acid is within the range of 0.0151-0.4530μg(R^(2)=0.9999),the content of caffeic acid showed a relatively good linear relationship with the peak area.The average recovery rate of A.acuta Lour was 99.94%(RSD=2.68%),97.56%(RSD=1.57%)and 99.79%(RSD=2.05%),respectively.[Conclusions]This method can effectively identify A.acuta Lour,and can accurately determine the content of caffeic acid in A.acuta Lour.It has characteristics of high accuracy,high precision,good color rendering stability,good reproducibility and fast analysis speed.

Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Effect of Different Polar Parts of Argyreia acuta Lour.

[Objectives]To explore the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanisms of different polar parts of Argyreia acuta Lour.[Methods]The effect of different polar parts of A.acuta Lour.on the viability of mouse RAW264.7 cells was detected by the CCK-8 method.Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)was used to stimulate RAW264.7 cells to establish an in vitro inflammation model,and the NO,TNF-αand IL-6 contents were determined by Griess method and ELISA assays,respectively.[Results]Within the range of 12.5-200μg/mL,all polar parts of A.acuta Lour.showed a proliferation effect on RAW264.7 cells,without cytotoxicity.The total extract,petroleum ether extract,ethyl acetate extract,and n-butanol extract all could inhibit the secretion of NO;and the petroleum ether extract and ethyl acetate extract could inhibit the secretion of TNF-αand IL-6.[Conclusions]The petroleum ether extract and ethyl acetate extract of A.acuta Lour.have significant anti-inflammatory activity,and the mechanism of action may be related to inhibiting the release of TNF-αand IL-6.

方便、安全、易用的数据仓库——Accusys Acuta 4外置磁盘阵列

Accusys Acuta 4所采用的接口，成为该产品的一个瑕疵。

Classical biological control program for the mealybug Oracella acuta in Guangdong Province, China

The mealybug Oracella acuta, native to the southeastern US, was accidentally introduced into slash pine plantations in Guangdong Province in China in 1988. A classical biological control program was initiated in 1995, and the parasitoids Allotropa oracellae, Acerophaus coccois, and Zarhopalus debarri were imported from the US. A total of 19 972 parasitized mealybugs were shipped to China from 1996-2004, from which 15 430 wasps emerged, 12 933 of which were the three target species. Efforts to establish a mass-rearing program for the parasitoids in China failed. Five field release sites were established, and 6 020 parasitoids were released. Only 118 individuals of the three imported species were collected during establishment checks, although several wasps were collected 1-2 years after the last parasitoid release. Over 2 000 Anagyrus dactylopii, a cosmopolitan parasitoid, emerged from the parasitized mealybugs collected, a majority from the Taishan area near the site of the original introduction ofO. acuta. To date the imported parasitoids have failed to establish, and natural enemies have not noticeably reduced mealybug populations.

Pharmacokinetic and Relative Bioavailability of Three Secoiridoid Glycosides in Beagle Dog Plasma After Oral Administration of Conventional and Enteric-Coated Capsules of Gentianella acuta Extract

Objective:To simultaneously investigate the pharmacokinetics of gentiopicroside,sweroside,and swertiamarin,which are constituents of Gentianella acuta,by developing and validating a simple,sensitive,and fast ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method.Materials and Methods:Blood samples were collected from the forward limb veins of six beagle dogs following oral gavage with G.acuta,the whole plant extract(39.90 mg/kg).Plasma samples were processed using liquid–liquid extraction.The analytes and paeoniflorin(internal standard[IS])were separated using an Acquity?UPLC ethylene bridged hybrid amide column(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm)with isocratic elution using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.1%formic acid in water(80:20,v/v)at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min.Quantification was performed using multiple reaction monitoring of the fragmentation transitions at m/z 401.1→179.0,403.1→195.0,419.1→179.0,and 525.2→449.1 for gentiopicroside,sweroside,swertiamarin,and the IS,respectively.Results:The linearity of the analytical response was good and the calibration curves were linear over concentration ranges of 1.20–192.0,0.40–159.0,and 0.20–209.3 ng/mL for gentiopicroside,sweroside,and swertiamarin,respectively.The extraction recovery was in the range of 84.72%–91.34%,84.58%–93.43%,and 82.75%–91.37%for gentiopicroside,sweroside,and swertiamarin,respectively.Conclusions:The method was successfully used to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of gentiopicroside,sweroside,and swertiamarin in beagle dogs.

中国南海短指软珊瑚Sinularia acuta化学成分研究

目的研究短指软珊瑚Sinularia acuta的化学成分。方法利用薄层色谱、硅胶色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱、ODS中低压色谱、半制备HPLC等方法对化学成分进行了分离纯化;通过NMR、MS等方法,并结合文献对照,鉴定化合物的结构。结果从短指软珊瑚的甲醇提取物中,分离鉴定了13个单体化合物：麦角甾-5,22,24（28）-三烯-3β-醇（1）、麦角甾-5,24（28）-二烯-3β-醇（2）、胆甾-5-烯-3β-醇（3）、（22E）-胆甾-5,22（23）-二烯-3β-醇（4）、（22E）-3β-羟基胆甾-5,22（23）-二烯-7-酮（5）、3β-羟基麦角甾-5,24（28）-二烯-7-酮（6）、（22E）-3β-羟基麦角甾-5,22（23）-二烯-7-酮（7）、3β-羟基麦角甾-5-烯-7-酮（8）、3β-羟基胆甾-5-烯-7-酮（9）、尿嘧啶（10）、胸腺嘧啶（11）、脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷（12）、脱氧腺嘌呤核苷（13）。结论化合物（1～13）均为首次从该种软珊瑚中分离得到。

Three resin glycosides isolated from Argyreia acuta, including two isomers

In the present study, three compounds were isolated from Argyreia acuta, among them, compounds 1 and 2 were new and Compounds 1 and 3 were isomers. They were separated by several types of columns, such as normal phase, RP, size exclusion and preparative HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by several spectroscopic methods, such as 1D-and 2D-NMR and HR-TOF-MS.

Bioactive xanthones from whole plants of Gentianella acuta

Objective： To study the constituents from the whole plants of Gentianella acuta and their biological activities.Methods： The compounds were isolated by multiple chromatographic methods and the structures of mentioned isolates were determined by routine NMR experiments and chemical methods.Results： A phytochemical investigation to obtain intestine motility inhibitor resulted in the isolation of one new xanthone glycoside,gentixanthonoside A（1）,along with nine tetrahydroxanthones,1,3,5R,8S-tetrahydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroxanthone（2）,1,3,5S,8S-tetrahydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroxanthone（3）,amarellin E（4）,amarellin F（5）,swertiachoside B（6）,amarellin D（7）,amarellin C（8）,amarellin A（9）,and amarellin B（10）from the whole plants of G.acuta.Conclusion： Compounds 2 –10 showed significant reduce effects on contraction tension at 40 μM.

再也不怕文件丢失——全面接触桌面磁盘阵列Accusys Acuta 4

提起“磁盘阵列”你首先会想到什么？巨大的服务器十几万乃至几十万的投资和企业级的数据安全防护．就是我在想到这个词的第一反应不过我们今天所介绍的．却并不是这样一款产品。

Molluscicidal activities of green-synthesized Alstonia congensis silver nanoparticles

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Alstonia congensis green-synthesized nanoparticles as a molluscicide against snail hosts of trematodes.Methods:The ethanolic leaf extract of Alstonia congensis was used to synthesize silver nanoparticles.The formulation was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,X-ray powder diffraction,and scanning electron microscope/energy-dispersed X-ray.The ovicidal and molluscicidal activities of the Alstonia congensis extract and its nanoparticles were tested against Physa acuta and Bulinus forskalii at different concentrations.Results:The green-synthesized nanoparticles inhibited embryonic development within the egg masses of the two snails in all the tested concentrations.Alstonia congensis extract did not show molluscicidal properties against adult Physa acuta but showed a very weak activity against Bulinus forskalii.Moreover,the synthesized nanoparticles showed significantly high molluscicidal activity against adult snails within 5-40 min of exposure in a concentration-dependent manner(P<0.05).Conclusions:The Alstonia congensis-based nanoparticles show molluscicidal activities against adults and embryos of Physa acuta and Bulinus forskalii,and can be further explored as a potent molluscicide for the control of intermediate host of trematode parasites.

22例儿童急性痘疮样苔藓样糠疹临床与病理分析

对22例儿童急性痘疮样苔藓样糠疹(pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta, PLEVA)患儿的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果示22例患儿中,男女比例2.67∶1,平均年龄(8.77±2.84)岁。皮损分布:弥漫型18例(81.82%),中心型3例(13.64%),外周型1例(4.55%)。16例(72.73%)患儿发病前有上呼吸道或其他感染史。组织病理的共同特征是:基底细胞不同程度的液化变性,真皮浅层或深层血管周围炎。所有患儿均采取联合治疗,包括:系统使用免疫球蛋白、糖皮质激素、复方甘草酸苷、红霉素等并联合外用药物治疗,20例(90.91%)患儿治愈。

温度和盐度分别对尖紫蛤胚胎发育的影响

在水温17-32℃（盐度16）、盐度2-23（水温27℃）的范围内采用渐变法进行温、盐度对尖紫蛤（Soletellina acuta Cai et zhuang）胚胎发育的影响试验。结果是：（1）孵化水温27℃，盐度17，历时980min左右尖紫蛤胚胎发育至直线铰合期；（2）尖紫蛤胚胎发育适宜温度范围为23．1～31．2℃，最适温度范围为25．0～29．9℃，在适宜温度范围内，孵化水温（x）与孵化时间（y）存在着多项式函数关系：Y=3．6111x2-224．28x＋4393．6（R2=0．9882）；（3）尖紫蛤胚胎发育的最低和最高临界盐度分别为8和23，适宜盐度范围11～20，最适宜的盐度范围14-17；（4）温度或盐度超过其适宜范围时，孵化率明显下降或幼虫畸形率明显增大。研究结果补充了对尖紫蛤胚胎发育生境因子的需求认识，对开展尖紫蛤人工繁育提供一定的理论依据。