Effect of reperfusion strategy on QT dispersion in patients with acute myocardial infarction:Impact on in-hospital arrhythmia

BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia and ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)increase QT dispersion(QTD)and corrected QT dispersion(QTcD),and are also associated with ventricular arrhythmia.AIM To evaluate the effects of reperfusion strategy[primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PPCI)or fibrinolytic therapy]on QTD and QTcD in STEMI patients and assess the impact of the chosen strategy on the occurrence of in-hospital arrhythmia.METHODS This prospective,observational,multicenter study included 240 patients admitted with STEMI who were treated with either PPCI(group I)or fibrinolytic therapy(group II).QTD and QTcD were measured on admission and 24 hr after reperfusion,and patients were observed to detect in-hospital arrhythmia.RESULTS There were significant reductions in QTD and QTcD from admission to 24 hr in both group I and group II patients.QTD and QTcD were found to be shorter in group I patients at 24 hr than those in group II(53±19 msec vs 60±18 msec,P=0.005 and 60±21 msec vs 69+22 msec,P=0.003,respectively).The occurrence of in-hospital arrhythmia was significantly more frequent in group II than in group I(25 patients,20.8%vs 8 patients,6.7%,P=0.001).Furthermore,QTD and QTcD were higher in patients with in-hospital arrhythmia than those without(P=0.001 and P=0.02,respectively).CONCLUSION In STEMI patients,PPCI and fibrinolytic therapy effectively reduced QTD and QTcD,with a higher observed reduction using PPCI.PPCI was associated with a lower incidence of in-hospital arrhythmia than fibrinolytic therapy.In addition,QTD and QTcD were shorter in patients not experiencing in-hospital arrhythmia than those with arrhythmia.

EFFECT OF REPERFUSION THERAPY ON SOLUBLE CELL ADHESION MOLECULES IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION

Objective To observe the changes of serum soluble intercellular adhesion moiecuie type-1(ICAM-1) and E-selectin in patients with acute myocardial inlarction (AMI) receiving reperfusiontherapy. Methods Peripheral venous blood samples were taken from 21 patients with AMI before and4,8,12,24,48,72h after thrombolytic treatment or direct percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA).Blood samples from 16 control subjects were drawn for one time. Serum concentration of ICAM-1 and E-selectinwas determined by double antibodies sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Serum levels ofICAM-1 and E-selectin were higher in patients with AMI than those in controls. Sixteen patients with AMIand successful roperfusion therapy had signifcantly reduction in serum concentration of ICAM-1 and E-selectinat 24 and 48h, but had a peak at 4h. The remaining live patients who failed in mperfusion theropy didn’t show anysignificant changes in these values. Conclusion The serum concentration of ICAM-1 and E-selectin waselevated significantly in patients with AMI Successful reperfusion therapy can reduce the increased serumconcentration.

Long-Term Prognosis of Different Reperfusion Strategies for ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Chinese County-Level Hospitals:Insight from China Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry

Objective To evaluate the long-term prognosis of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)treated with different reperfusion strategies in Chinese county-level hospitals Methods A total of 2,514 patients with STEMI from 32 hospitals participated in the China Acute Myocardial Infarction registry between January 2013 and September 2014.The success of fibrinolysis was assessed according to indirect measures of vascular recanalization.The primary outcome was 2-year mortality.Results Reperfusion therapy was used in 1,080 patients(42.9%):fibrinolysis(n=664,61.5%)and primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)(n=416,38.5%).The most common reason for missing reperfusion therapy was a prehospital delay>12 h(43%).Fibrinolysis[14.5%,hazard ratio(HR):0.59,95%confidence interval(CI)0.44–0.80]and primary PCI(6.8%,HR=0.32,95%CI:0.22–0.48)were associated with lower 2-year mortality than those with no reperfusion(28.5%).Among fibrinolysistreated patients,510(76.8%)achieved successful clinical reperfusion;only 17.0%of those with failed fibrinolysis underwent rescue PCI.There was no difference in 2-year mortality between successful fibrinolysis and primary PCI(8.8%vs.6.8%,HR=1.53,95%CI:0.85–2.73).Failed fibrinolysis predicted a similar mortality(33.1%)to no reperfusion(33.1%vs.28.5%,HR=1.30,95%CI:0.93–1.81).Conclusion In Chinese county-level hospitals,only approximately 2/5 of patients with STEMI underwent reperfusion therapy,largely due to prehospital delay.Approximately 30%of patients with failed fibrinolysis and no reperfusion therapy did not survive at 2 years.Quality improvement initiatives are warranted,especially in public health education and fast referral for mechanical revascularization in cases of failed fibrinolysis.

Predictors and in-hospital prognosis of recurrent acute myocardial infarction

Objective To investigate the contributing factors and in-hospital prognosis of patients with or without recurrent acute myocardial infarction （AMI）. Methods A total of 1686 consecutive AMI patients admitted to Peking University People＇s Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015 were recruited. Their clinical characteristics were retrospectively compared between patients with or without a recurrent AMI. Then multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the predictors of recurrent myocardial infarction. Results Recurrent AMI patients were older （69.3 ± 11.5 vs. 64.7 ± 12.8 years, P 〈 0.001） and had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus （DM） （52.2% vs. 35.0%, P 〈 0.001） compared with incident AMI patients, they also had worse heart function at admission, more severe coronary disease and lower reperfusion therapy. Age （OR = 1.03, 95% CI： 1.02-1.05; P 〈 0.001）, DM （OR = 1.86, 95% CI： 1.37-2.52; P 〈 0.001） and reperfusion therapy （OR = 0.74; 95% CI： 0.52-0.89; P 〈 0.001） were independent risk factors for recurrent AMI Recurrent AMI patients had a higher in-hospital death rate （12.1% vs. 7.8%, P = 0.039） than incident AMI patients. Conclusions Recurrent AMI patients presented with more severe coronary artery conditions. Age, DM and reperfusion therapy were independent risk factors for recurrent AMI, and recurrent AM1 was related with a high risk of in-hospital death.

Acute Myocardial Infarction in a 26-Year-Old Man with Normal ST-Segment

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is rare in young adults. The management of these patients is considered as a clinical challenge. We report the case of a 26-year-old man who was presented to the Emergency Room of Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University with an acute onset of chest pain. Initially electrocardiogram (ECG) with no evidence of ST-segment abnormalities but QT prolongation a signal of sudden cardiac death, 20 minutes later, it revealed ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Coronary angiography (CAG) demonstrated left main coronary artery occlusion. AMI was diagnosed based on clinical symptom, elevated cardiac biomarkers, electrocardiographic dynamic monitoring and CAG. The awareness of chest pain as possible underlying AMI symptom—especially in young patients presenting with QT prolongation—is crucial for clinical treatment, as a missed diagnosis can worsen the patient’s further prognosis. In addition, reperfusion arrhythmia is a challenge to short-term outcomes of young patients with AMI, so it is necessary to make preoperative risk stratification.

Atrioventricular block complicating inferior acute myocardial infarction treated with thrombolytic therapy

Objective To investigate the influence and mechanism of incidence of atrioventricular block (AVB) treated with thrombolytic therapy in acute inferior myocardial infarction (AIMI).Methods A total of 46 patients with AIMI were divided into the thrombolytic group (n = 23) and the nonthrornboytic group (n = 23). Intravenous or intracoronary urokinase was given to the former group. We observed the advancing courses of AVB, and further assessed the relationship between occurrence of AVB and stenosis of infarct-related artery (IRA) with coronary angiography.Results Two cases died of Ⅲ o AVB in the non-thrombolytic group, but none was found in the thrombolytic group. The occurrence rate of AVB was similar in both groups; but that of Ⅲ ° AVB was much lower in the thrombolytic group (4 cases) than that in the non-thrombolytic group (11 cases, P ＜ 0.05), and the duration of AVB decreased from 201 ± 113 hours to 102±60 hours after thrombolytic therapy ( P＜0.01 ),which was mainly due to the decrease of AVB in the vanishing interval, but not in the developing interval.The coronary angiography demonstrated that there were an increasing reperfusion flow and a decreasing coronary stenosis of the infarct-related artery after thrombolytic therapy.Conclusion Thrombolytic therapy can reduce the incidence of severe AVB, shorten its duration and decrease the mortality by increasing the coronary reperfusion flow in the patients with AIMI.

Effect of late reperfusion therapy on cardiac function and prognosis in patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction

Background The suitable time for treating patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） is unclear. This study was to investigate the effects of reperfusion therapy at different late times on patients with acute STEMI, in order to decide the best time for late reperfusion therapy by providing evidence-based treatment in clinical practice. Methods We enrolled 1372 patients with STEMI and receiving selective percutaneous coro- nary intervention therapy between January 1st, 2010 to December 30th, 2014. According to the time receiving PCI, these patients were divided into 3 groups： 〈3 d（n=66） ,3-6 d（n=388） and/〉7 d （n=918）. The demograph- ic, clinical and coronary angiography data, and in-hospital major adverse clinical events （MACEs） were com- pared. Results The mortality rates among 3 groups were not statistically different （0 vs. 2.6% vs. 2.0%, P= 0.375）. The incidence rate of in-hospital MACEs in 3-6 d group was lower than the other two groups, but not sta- tistic difference （25.8% vs. 16.8% vs. 21.6%, P=0.077）. By comparing the cost of hospitalization, we found that the 3-6 d group was slight lower. For patients with non-occlusive culprit vessels, although the mortality rate still had no statistic difference, the incidence rates of in-hospital MACEs were different （33.3% vs. 11.7% vs. 15.9%, P=0.003）. However, the same conclusion was not driven in patients with occlusive target vessels. Conclusions For patients with STEMI receiving late reperfusion therapy, intervention during 3-6 d might have a trend to improve prognosis.

急性心肌梗死相关心室电风暴的研究现状

心室电风暴是临床急危重症,多见于缺血性心脏病患者,尤其是心肌梗死急性期,常伴有血流动力学异常,具有较高的复发率和死亡率。现回顾近年的临床研究,对急性心肌梗死相关心室电风暴的研究现状予以综述。

全身免疫炎症指数与急性心肌梗死患者再灌注后发生室性心律失常的关联性分析

目的 评估全身免疫炎症指数(systemic immune-inflammation index,SII)与急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)患者再灌注治疗后室性心律失常(VA)发生风险间的关联性。方法 连续选取2023年1月至2024年4月就诊于新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院确诊为AMI并接受经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)的患者共计815例。根据SII中位数水平将患者分为低SII组(n=349)和高SII组(n=350)两组;结局指标为术后发生VA。采用logistic回归分析评估SII与AMI患者术后VA的关联,应用限制性立方样条图(RCS)评估二者间的剂量-反应关系,ROC曲线分析SII对术后VA发生事件的预测能力,同时进行亚组分析检验结果的稳健性。结果 在最终纳入的699例患者中,193例(27.6%)患者出现VA。校正潜在混杂因素后,SII每增加一个标准差,AMI患者的VA发生风险增加0.72倍(OR=1.72,95%CI 1.32~2.24,P<0.001);与低SII组相比,高SII组AMI患者的VA发生风险增加1.42倍(OR=2.42,95%CI 1.44~4.07,P=0.001)。多变量校正限制性立方样条图(RCS)显示,SII与AMI患者再灌注后发生风险之间存在线性剂量-反应关系(非线性P值=0.056)。ROC曲线分析,SII预测AMI患者PCI后VA的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.749(95%CI 0.704~0.795),敏感度70.9%,特异度71.5%。亚组分析提示,与<60岁、女性患者相比,高SII水平与≥60岁的男性AMI患者PCI术后VA发生风险的关联更强。结论 SII升高与AMI患者再灌注后室性心律失常发生风险增加存在明显相关性,且随着SII水平升高,VA发生风险逐步增加。

冠心舒通胶囊联合单硝酸异山梨酯预防急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后再灌注心律失常的效果

目的:观察冠心舒通胶囊联合单硝酸异山梨酯预防急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后再灌注心律失常(RA)的效果。方法:选取2020年9月至2022年9月该院收治的86例行PCI术的AMI患者进行前瞻性研究,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组与研究组各43例。对照组采用单硝酸异山梨酯片治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合冠心舒通胶囊治疗。比较两组治疗前后心肌损伤标志物[肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、N端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)]水平、炎性指标[白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、半乳糖凝集素-3(Gal-3)]水平、RA发生率和不良反应发生率。结果:治疗后,两组CK-MB、NT-proBNP、cTnI水平均低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组IL-6、hs-CRP、Gal-3水平均低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组RA发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:冠心舒通胶囊联合单硝酸异山梨酯应用于PCI术后AMI患者可降低心肌损伤标志物水平、炎性指标水平和RA发生率,其效果优于单纯单硝酸异山梨酯片治疗。

复方延胡索汤剂治疗急性心肌梗死合并恶性室性心律失常

目的:观察复方延胡索汤剂治疗早期急性心肌梗死合并恶性心律失常的临床疗效。方法:将106例早期急性心肌梗死合并恶性室性心律失常患者按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各53例。对照组予以盐酸胺碘酮片治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上给予复方延胡索汤剂治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、不良反应发生率及治疗前后中医证候积分、心肌酶谱指标[肌酸激酶同工酶-MB(creatine kinase isoenzymes,CK-MB)、N末端脑钠肽前体(N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)、肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cardiac troponinⅠ,cTnⅠ)]、血管内皮功能指标[一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、内皮素-1(endothelin-1,ET-1)、血管性假血友病因子(Von willebrand factor,vWF)]、心电图检查以及炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-C reactive protein,hs-CRP)]变化情况。结果:观察组有效率为90.57%,对照组有效率为75.47%,两组患者有效率比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后中医证候积分、CK-MB、NT-proBNP、cTnⅠ、QT、Tp-Te、Tp-Te/QT、TNF-α、IL-6及hs-CRP水平低于本组治疗前,且治疗后观察组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后NO高于本组治疗前,ET-1、vWF低于本组治疗前,且治疗后组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:复方延胡索汤剂治疗早期急性心肌梗死合并恶性心律失常,可缓解患者的临床症状,有效减轻患者心肌缺血程度,改善其血管内皮功能,降低炎性因子水平。

替奈普酶在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者中的研究现状与进展

急性心肌梗死是一种常见且高发的心血管疾病,是造成死亡、残疾以及严重危害国民健康的重要疾病之一。急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)是急性冠脉综合征里最严重的一种类型,为致残致死的主要原因。急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗是急性心肌梗死最高效的再灌注方式,但很难完全恢复冠状动脉血流,微循环灌注仍不理想。替奈普酶是特异性极高的溶栓药物,具有溶栓高效、血管再通率高和出血风险小的特点。近年,关于冠状动脉内注射替奈普酶治疗STEMI的研究日益增多。现就替奈普酶在STEMI的研究现状和进展做一综述。

分析溶栓治疗老年急性心肌梗死患者的临床疗效

目的探讨针对老年急性心肌梗死(Acute Myocardial Infarction,AMI)患者应用溶栓治疗的效果。方法目的选取2022年5月—2023年5月呼伦贝尔市人民医院收治的66例老年AMI患者为研究对象,按治疗方法不同分为对照组(n=32)和观察组(n=34)。对照组采用保守治疗,观察组采用尿激酶原静脉溶栓治疗。对比两组2 h胸痛症状缓解率、冠状动脉再通率及心血管不良事件发生率。结果观察组2 h胸痛症状缓解率(85.29%)、冠状动脉再通率(82.35%)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.583、5.318,P均<0.05)。治疗后,观察组左心室收缩末期内径、舒张末内径、射血分数优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组不良心血管事件发生率(2.94%)低于对照组(21.88%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.913,P<0.05)。结论临床早期应用尿激酶原溶栓治疗老年AMI的效果显著。

急性心肌梗死患者急诊介入术后发生再灌注心律失常的危险因素分析

目的分析急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者急诊介入术后发生再灌注心律失常的危险因素。方法统计108例AMI患者急诊介入术后再灌注心律失常发生情况,探讨术后发生再灌注心律失常的危险因素。结果108例AMI患者急诊介入术后再灌注心律失常发生率为43.52%。单因素和Logistics回归分析显示,Killip分级Ⅲ级、下壁梗死、病变血管血流TIMI分级0级、发病6h内进行介入术治疗是急诊介入术后发生再灌注心律失常的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论AMI患者急诊介入术后发生再灌注心律失常的风险较高,其危险因素包括Killip分级Ⅲ级、下壁梗死、病变血管血流TIMI分级0级、发病6 h内进行介入术治疗。

超早期溶栓对ASTEMI患者溶栓成功再通率、心脏不良事件及生活质量的影响

目的 观察超早期溶栓对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(Acute ST-segment ElevationMyocardial Infarction,ASTEMI)患者溶栓成功再通率、心脏不良事件及生活质量的影响。方法 回顾性选取2020年1月—2022年12月山东省枣庄市市中区人民医院收治的78例ASTEMI患者的临床资料,根据急性心肌梗死症状出现至溶栓治疗的时间,将患者分为两个组,即超早期(<3 h)溶栓组(观察组)和非超早期(3~12 h)溶栓组(对照组),各39例,溶栓治疗后比较两组患者的溶栓成功再通率、心脏不良事件发生率及生活质量评分。结果 观察组溶栓成功再通率为82.05%,而对照组仅为61.53%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.052,P<0.05);观察组心脏不良事件发生率为5.13%,明显低于对照组的20.51%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.129,P<0.05);观察组生活质量各维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 超早期溶栓的实施提高急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者溶栓成功再通率,减少心脏不良事件的发生,改善患者生活质量。

急性心梗行直接冠脉介入术中再灌注性心律失常的临床特点及预后的影响

目的探讨急性心梗患者行直接冠脉介入术中再灌注性心律失常的临床特点及对预后的影响。方法选取2023年1月至2024年1月期间在高阳县医院接受直接冠脉介入术治疗的40例急性心梗患者,记录术中再灌注性心律失常发生情况,分析其临床特点,观察再灌注性心律失常对患者预后的影响。结果40例患者中,15例在术中出现再灌注性心律失常,最常见的类型为室性早搏,共10例;其次为室性心动过速,共3例;较少见的为心室颤动,共2例;再灌注性心律失常主要发生在直接冠脉介入术中血管再通后的5~30 min内。患者年龄、性别、病变部位等因素与再灌注性心律失常的发生均具有一定的相关性。在预后方面,发生再灌注性心律失常的患者在短期和长期内均表现出心功能恢复较差、并发症发生率较高的特点。结论急性心梗患者行直接冠脉介入术中再灌注性心律失常的发生具有一定的临床特点,对患者预后具有显著影响。临床应加强对再灌注性心律失常的监测和干预,以改善患者预后。

注射用重组人TNK组织型纤溶酶原激活剂用于急性心肌梗死再灌注治疗的效果观察

目的:观察注射用重组人TNK组织型纤溶酶原激活剂用于急性心肌梗死再灌注治疗的效果。方法:选取2021年1月—2024年3月在广州市白云区钟落潭镇卫生院急诊科就诊的急性心肌梗死且需行再灌注治疗的患者60例为观察对象,随机分为对照组与观察组,每组30例。对照组接受肝素及尿激酶治疗,观察组接受注射用重组人TNK组织型纤溶酶原启动剂治疗,比较两组冠状动脉再通率、终点事件发生率、神经损伤情况、日常生活功能、治疗效果。结果:治疗后0.5 h、1 h、2 h,观察组冠状动脉再通率均高于对照组(P<0.05);两组各终点事件发生率及总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组美国国家健康研究所卒中量表评分降低,Barthel指数升高,观察组优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P=0.044)。结论:注射用重组人TNK组织型纤溶酶原激活剂在急性心肌梗死且需行灌注治疗的患者中的应用效果优于尿激酶与肝素,可提高患者冠状动脉再通率,改善神经损伤和日常生活功能,且未增加终点事件发生率。

中国省、市和县级医院急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死住院患者再灌注治疗和二级预防用药分析

目的:比较我国省级、市级及县级三个级别医院针对ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死(STEMI)患者进行再灌注治疗和住院期间二级预防药物的使用情况。方法:中国急性心肌梗死注册(CAMI)研究在2013-01-01至2014-09-30期间共登记覆盖全国31个省市、自治区和直辖市107家医院收治的18967例在发病7天内的STEMI患者,其中223例患者因住院结局等关键数据缺失而被排除,分析省、市和县级三个级别医院收治患者的人口统计学信息、再灌注治疗[包括急诊冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)和溶栓治疗]和二级预防用药[包括阿司匹林、P2Y12抑制剂、他汀类药物、β受体阻滞剂、血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂(ACEI)/血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂(ARB)]的使用情况。结果:在分析的18744例STEMI患者中,9885例(52.7%)接受了再灌注治疗,其中8038例(42.9%)接受了急诊PCI,1847例(9.9%)接受了溶栓治疗。省级医院再灌注治疗率明显高于地市级医院和县级医院,分别为4041例(61.8%)、4728例(49.1%)和1116例(43.2%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);三个级别医院的再灌注治疗方式也存在明显差别,省级医院:急诊PCI 3840例(58.7%),溶栓201例(3.1%);市级医院:急诊PCI 3753例(39.0%),溶栓975例(10.1%);县级医院:急诊PCI 445例(17.2%),溶栓671例(26.0%)。发病12小时内到达医院的12502例患者中有8856例(70.8%)接受再灌注治疗,其中急诊PCI 7089例(56.7%),溶栓1746例(14.1%),省级医院3537例(80.0%),市级医院4274例(67.5%),县级医院1045例(59.8%),三个级别的医院依然差别明显(P<0.001)。在住院期间有16575例(90.9%)使用他汀、17963例(96.8%)使用阿司匹林,17922例(96.5%)例应用P2Y12抑制剂,12657例(68.2%)使用β受体阻滞剂,10541例(56.8%)使用ACEI/ARB。三个级别医院在应用上述几种二级预防用药比例相似。结论:CAMI研究中,在发病12小时内到达医院的患者中,有70.8%接受再灌注治疗。县级医院的再灌注治疗率明显较低。三个级别医院的二级预防用药情况相似,但β受体阻滞剂和ACEI/ARB使用比例偏低。

尼可地尔对接受溶栓治疗再通的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的心肌保护效应

目的评价静脉溶栓联合尼可地尔的治疗方案是否能够提高急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者的治疗效果。方法入选就诊于保定市第一中心医院行溶栓治疗的急性STEMI患者,随机分为尼可地尔组和对照组,尼可地尔组在确诊后即刻口服尼可地尔20mg,之后5mg每日3次口服,对照组常规进行溶栓治疗,观察两组住院期间的心肌损伤程度,ST段回落,急性期心律失常的发生率,心功能状况,以及随访6个月的心功能状况及随访期内不良心血管事件的发生率。结果共入选121例患者,尼可地尔组64例,对照组57例,两组基线资料无明显差异。溶栓后4、12、24小时监测的肌钙蛋白I(cTNI)水平显示,两组在组间、不同时点以及组间和不同时点的交互作用差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或<0.01),尼可地尔组cTNI水平明显低于对照组;溶栓后监测的患者心电图ST段回落情况显示,两组在组间、不同时点以及组间和不同时点的交互作用差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或<0.01),尼可地尔组ST段回落明显大于对照组;急性期Curtis-Walker评分≥3分的比例尼可地尔组明显低于对照组(P<0.05);室壁运动积分指数尼可地尔组明显低于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者的不良心血管事件差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论静脉溶栓联合口服尼可地尔治疗可进一步提高急性STEMI患者的心肌灌注水平,减少心肌损伤,改善心脏功能,减少心律失常的发生。