The Effect of Comfort Nursing on the Compliance and Efficacy of Treatment for Children with Acute Otitis Media Caused by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection

Objective:To explore and analyze the clinical effect of comfort nursing on children with acute otitis media.Methods:62 children with acute otitis media caused by upper respiratory tract infection who visited the outpatient clinic of our hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected for this study.They were divided into a study group(n=31)and a control group(n=31).Children in the control group received basic care,while children in the study group received comfort nursing along with basic care.The hearing thresholds,body temperature,treatment compliance,and nursing satisfaction of the two groups of children were compared.Results:After the nursing intervention,the hearing threshold and average body temperature of the children in the study group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);the treatment compliance of the children in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);the nursing satisfaction of the study group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Comfort nursing can improve the treatment effect,treatment compliance,and nursing satisfaction of children with children with acute otitis media caused by upper respiratory tract infection.

Urine microscopy and neutrophilelymphocyte ratio are early predictors of acute kidney injury in patients with urinary tract infection

Objective:Urinary tract infection(UTI)is a common cause of morbidity and hospitalisation in the population worldwide.Upper UTI is indolent and causes subclinical acute kidney injury(AKI)resulting in preventable cause of scarring of renal parenchyma.We explored urinary and serum levels of kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),haematological parameters and quantitative urine microscopy parameters to predict kidney injury.Methods:Neutrophilelymphocyte ratio(NLR)is obtained by dividing absolute neutrophil count with absolute lymphocyte count.Quantitative urine sediment microscopy was performed and correlated with clinical,biochemical and haematological findings to predict AKI in patients with UTI.Quantitative ELISA was performed for serum and urine levels of KIM-1.Seventy two adult patients with UTI were enrolled,45 of whom had AKI while 27 were in the non-AKI group.Results:NLR(p=0.005)and renal tubular epithelial cell-granular cast score in quantitative urine microscopy(p=0.008)are strong predictors of AKI in patients with UTI while rest of quantitative urine microscopy parameters and serum and urinary levels of KIM-1 molecule were not found to be useful in prediction of AKI.Conclusion:NLR in haemogram is a novel and useful biomarker for predicting AKI in patients with UTI.

Effectiveness and Safety of Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)for Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infection:A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)for acute upper respiratory tract infection(AURTI).Database such as CNKI,Wan-fang,VIP,Sino Med,Web of science,Clinical Trials gov,Medline、EMBASE,CENTRAL,Cochrane Library were retrieved to collect randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)in treating AURTI from the estabslishment of the database to March 2019.A total of 2 reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and extracted material and the quality evaluation of the included studies.Quality evaluation adopted Cochrane Handbook 5.1 evaluation standards and tools.Rev Man5.3 was used to perform Meta-analysis for the adopted study.Finally a total of 4 RCTs involving 636 patients were included.Meta-analysis results showed that:compared with conventional Western medicine alone,Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)combined with Western medicine in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infection can improve the total effective rate of clinical efficacy[RR=0.13,95%CI(0.06,0.29),P<0.00001],shorten the time of antipyretic time for acute upper respiratory tract infection[MD=–1.22,95%CI(–1.43,–1.00),P<0.00001],shorten the time of pharyngeal pain[MD=–1.97,95%CI(–2.97,–0.96),P<0.0001]and shorten the cough disappear time[MD=–1.97,95%CI(–2.97,–0.96),P<0.0001].There were 2 papers reporting adverse reactions during the study period,and one of them specifically reported diarrhea,nausea,vomiting and stomachache in the experimental group.In the control group:diarrhea,nausea and adverse reactions disappeared after drug withdrawal;the incidence of adverse reactions was 3.92%in the control group and 5.88%in the observation group.There was no significant difference between the 2 groups(P>0.05).Based on existing data and methods,the systematic evaluation showed that,compared with Western medicine alone,Jinye Baidu Granules(金叶败毒颗粒)combined with Western medicine alone could improve the total effective rate of clinical efficacy,reduce the time of fever,sore throat,and the disappearance of cough with less adverse reactions.However,due to the low quality of the included study,large samples,multicenter,randomized,double-blind trials and trials are still needed to randomized controlled trials with reference to the CONSORT standard and the STRICTA statement.

Meta-analysis of the comparison between reduning injection and ribavirin injection for acute upper respiratory tract infection in children

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of reduning injection in acute upper respiratory tract infection of children.Methods:Use computer to search PubMed,the Cochrane Library,EMBASE,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database,Weipu database(VIP)and China Biomedical studies Service System(CBM)for randomized controlled trials(RCT)of acute upper respiratory tract infection in children,and the retrieval time is from their establishment to May,2022.After two researchers independently screened the studies,extracted data and evaluated the risk bias of studies,RevMan5.3 software was used to perform meta-analysis.Results:10 studies in total were included,involving 1466 patients.Results of the meta-analysis:total effective rate[RR=1.12,95%CI(1.07,1.16),P<0.00001],cure time[MD=-1.51,95%CI(-1.71,-1.32),P<0.00001],antipyretic time[MD=-1.32,95%CI(-1.72,-0.92),P<0.00001],disappearing time of nasal obstruction and nose running[MD=-1.04,95%CI(-1.45,-0.62),P<0.00001],disappearing time of cough[MD=-1.35,95%CI(-1.58,-1.13),P<0.00001],disappearing time of throat congestion[MD=-1.36,95%CI(-1.68,-1.03),P<0.00001],disappearing time of sore throat[MD=-1.55,95%CI(-1.74,-1.35),P<0.00001],the incidence of adverse reactions[RR=0.34,95%CI(0.20,0.57),P<0.0001].The differences between two groups in total effective rate,cure time,antipyretic time,disappearing time of nasal obstruction and nose running,disappearing time of cough,disappearing time of throat congestion,disappearing time of sore throat and the incidence of adverse reactions are all statistically significant(P<0.05).The sensitivity analysis demonstrates that three outcomes(total effective rate,cure time and disappearing time of sore throat)have unstable results,while others having stable results.Conclusion:Reduning injection is more effective than ribavirin injection in clinical,and it is better than ribavirin injection at relieving fever,nasal obstruction and nose running,cough and throat congestion.In addition,it’s safer in clinical than ribavirin injection.

ACUPUNCTURE TREATMENT OF 42 CASES OF ACUTE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION

We made clinical observations on the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on acute upper respiratory tract infection and compared with the effect of paracetamol and Antondine, The result showed that acupuncture therapy could allay fever more rapidly than drugs, so long as the differentiation of syndromes is correct and the acupoint is selected properly.

Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant Women at Pumwani Maternity Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya: Bacterial Etiologic Agents, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Associated Risk Factors

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) during pregnancy are among the most common infections worldwide and can lead to poor perinatal and maternal outcomes. This study determined the prevalence of UTIs during pregnancy, associated risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of associated bacterial pathogens. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Pumwani Maternity hospital. Their social-demographic profiles were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Cultures were done from midstream urine and antimicrobial susceptibility testing determined using the disc diffusion test. The overall prevalence of UTI was 15.7% regardless of the women’s age, parity and stage of gestation. Prevalence of asymptomatic and symptomatic bacteriuria was 4.3% and 11.4% respectively. Material of undergarment and frequency of changing the undergarments were found to contribute significantly to the acquisition of UTI (P < 0.05). E. coli was the most predominant UTI organism at (44.5%) followed by K. pneumoniae (21.2%) and S. aureus (15.1%). Almost a half (over 49%) of all Gram-negative organisms showed resistance prevalence against third generation cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim, Cefoxitin, Nitrofurantoin and Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Gram-positive strains were susceptible to Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, Nitrofurantoin, Linezolid and Ofloxacin. The prevalence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) in all study isolates was 96%. Our data suggest a serious resistance trend among UTI strains and more should be done to slow down this trend. Pregnant women should be screened by urine culture and treatment be guided by the antimicrobial susceptibility data.

Stroke Severity Is the Major Player in Post-Stroke Urinary Tract Infection in Patients with First Ever Ischemic Stroke

Background: Urinary tract infections UTIs occur repeatedly after stroke and are related to bad outcomes with increased rates of deterioration in neurological state during hospitalization, death or long term disability as well as increased length of hospitalization. Factors found to predict UTI include stroke severity, depressed consciousness level, increased post-void residual urine volume, and diabetes mellitus. Stroke severity appears to be the most important predictor of infection risk. We aimed to determine the risk factors associated with UTI after acute stroke, and its association with outcome. Subjects and Methods: This is prospective cohort study. We analysed clinical data of 100 patients with first ever ischemic stroke. We assessed risk factors for UTI, as well as clinical outcome. Results: Urinary tract infection was found in 72% of our subjects. On univariate analysis, patients with UTI were more likely to have had a more severe stroke, more likely to be catheterized and more likely to have a higher serum creatinine level. The multivariate analysis revealed that greater stroke severity was independently associated with increased risk of developing UTI. Greater stroke severity measured by CSS was independently associated with unfavorable outcome on discharge. Conclusion: UTI is common after acute stroke. It is associated with more severe stroke.

Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women with and without Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus—A Case-Control Study

Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and urinary tract infections (UTI) during pregnancy may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are considered to be important additional risk factor for ASB and UTI during pregnancy. Aims: To investigate differences in prevalence of ASB and incidence of UTI in pregnant women with and without DM and GDM to inform ASB screening and treatment policies. Methods: Data from 214 pregnant women who gave birth during 2010 at the Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Adelaide, Australia where cases were women with a clinical diagnosis of (G)DM and controls were matched on date of birth. ASB was defined as the growth of at least 10e5 colony forming units/ml of one organism or any presence of group B streptococcus (GBS) at the first urine culture collected during pregnancy without complaints of a UTI. A clinical UTI was diagnosed by the treating physician, in combination with a positive urine culture it was defined as culture-confirmed UTI. Results: No significant differences in prevalence of ASB (5.6% and 3.7%;relative risk (RR) 1.50;95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.44 - 5.17), incidence of clinical UTI (4.7% and 11.2%;RR 0.42;95% CI 0.15 - 1.14) or culture-confirmed UTI (2.8% and 3.7%;RR 0.75;95% CI 0.17 - 3.27) between pregnant women with and without (G)DM were present. No association was found between ASB and UTI. GBS was the most common causative organism of ASB in women with and without DM (66.7% and 50.0%). Conclusion: In contrast with earlier research, no significant differences in prevalence of ASB or incidence of UTI was found between pregnant women with and without (G)DM.

Study of Lipocalin-2 Associated with Neutrophilic Gelatinases (uNGAL) in the Urine in Children with the Microbial Inflammatory Diseases of Kidneys and Urinary Tract

Purpose of the study: Research of the clinical and diagnostic significance of determination of Lipocalin-2 associated with neutrophilic gelatinases (uNGAL) in the urine of children with urinary tract infection (UTI) and pyelonephritis. Materials and methods: We examined 30 children with acute pyelonephritis and UTI aged 1 to 16 years (average age 7.32 ± 4.52) including 26 girls and 4 boys. Verification of the diagnosis was conducted on the basis of clinical and laboratory data, medical history and instrumental examination of patients. All children were divided into 2 groups: 1st group—15 children with acute pyelonephritis, 2nd group—15 children with urinary tract infection. uNGAL was measured in the urine by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EISA) (BioVendor Laboratoty Medicine). Results: It is found, that the urine level of NGAL depends on the damage degree of renal parenchyma. The correlation of medium strength was found between the excretion level of uNGAL during the acute period of pyelonephritis and the detection of renal scars according to the DMSA-nephroscintigraphy data. In the group of children with the acute pyelonephritis the direct correlation of medium strength was found between the excretion level of uNGAL/creatinine and leukocytosis value and also with the CRP blood level. Conclusion: The results allow us to recommend the determination of the excretion level of uNGAL/creatinine as an additional non-invasive marker for the early detection of renal parenchyma injury.

Renal papillary necrosis with urinary tract obstruction:A case report

BACKGROUND Renal papillary necrosis(RPN)is a rare disease.It is difficult to distinguish RPN with urinary tract obstruction from upper urinary tract occupying lesions.We reported a case of RPN and made a definite diagnosis largely based upon its endoscopic characteristics.CASE SUMMARY A 75-year-old woman presented with right flank pain,visible hematuria and a body temperature greater than 39℃.Laboratory investigations revealed leukocytosis with 12.7×10/L white blood cells and 93.6%neutrophils.Blood creatinine was 333 umol/L.Ultrasonography showed hydronephrosis of the right kidney and a right distal ureteric lesion.After urgent placement of right ureteral double J stent and treatment with antibiotics,the patient’s symptoms and the blood abnormalities improved rapidly.Computed tomography urography showed the presence of multiple occupying lesions in the right pelvis.The endoscopic ureteroscopy revealed that renal papillary necrosis and the subsequent migration of sloughed papillae into the upper ureter and calyces.The sloughed papillae appeared like“cottons”,which were whitish,soft,and irregularly-shaped without blood supply.In addition,the necrotic and sloughed renal papillae were removed by flexible ureteroscopy to prevent further obstruction.Pathological examination found that infarcted renal papillae were associated with inflammatory exudation.Three months after discharge,follow-up computed tomography urography showed no obvious lesions in the renal pelvis.CONCLUSION This case revealed the endoscopic features of RPN.In addition,flexible ureteroscopy proves to be vital in diagnosis and treatment of RPN.

血清LBP、CXCL-10对小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的鉴别诊断价值及其影响因素

目的探讨血清脂多糖结合蛋白(LBP)、血清CXC趋化因子配体-10(CXCL-10)对小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的鉴别诊断价值及其影响因素。方法将2021年7月至2022年6月该院收治的90例急性上呼吸道感染患儿纳入研究作为研究组。另选取同期于本院进行体检40例健康儿童作为健康组。根据痰液细菌培养结果将研究组患儿分为细菌感染组(51例)和非细菌感染组(39例)。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清LBP、CXCL-10水平。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清LBP、CXCL-10对小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的鉴别诊断价值。采用多因素Logistic回归分析小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的影响因素。结果研究组血清LBP、CXCL-10水平高于健康组(P<0.05)。细菌感染组血清LBP、CXCL-10水平高于非细菌感染组(P<0.05)。血清LBP、CXCL-10单独及联合用于诊断小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.779(95%CI:0.724~0.822)、0.843(95%CI:0.796~0.898)、0.906(95%CI:0.852~0.959)。细菌感染组家庭成员吸烟、铁元素缺乏、钙元素缺乏者所占比例、年均抗菌药使用次数、血清LBP、CXCL-10水平均高于非细菌感染患者(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素回归分析显示,年均抗菌药使用次数≥2次(OR=2.305,95%CI:1.483~3.582)、LBP≥104.26 ng/mL(OR=2.573,95%CI:1.446~4.578)、CXCL-10≥112.98 pg/mL(OR=1.208,95%CI:0.110~1.314)是小儿急性上呼吸道细菌感染的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论血清LBP、CXCL-10水平升高与儿童急性上呼吸道细菌感染密切相关,可作为鉴别诊断急性上呼吸道细菌感染的指标且二者联合诊断的效能更高。

华西广医1号急性毒性、鼻黏膜刺激性和增强免疫功能的研究

为初步了解拟开发医院雾化制剂华西广医1号的安全性和有效性,通过小鼠急性毒性试验、大鼠鼻黏膜刺激性试验和增强免疫功能的药效学试验方法研究了华西广医1号安全性和药效。结果表明:以0.34 g/mL药液24 h内雾化给药,对小鼠无明显急性毒性;对大鼠经鼻腔给药无明显刺激性;以0.068 g/mL雾化给药,有升高幼龄小鼠的胸腺指数的作用趋势;可升高环磷酰胺致免疫功能低下小鼠的巨噬细胞碳粒廓清指数K、校正指数α和外周血白细胞数目(white blood cell,WBC),红细胞数目(red blood cell,RBC)和血红蛋白浓度(hemoglobin,HGB)水平,并可升高溶血素值。可见,华西广医1号雾化给药小鼠的最大给药量为34 g/kg,无明显鼻黏膜刺激性,0.068 g/mL雾化给药有增强免疫功能,可用于预防上呼吸道感染。

百蕊颗粒治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染疗效及安全性系统评价

目的系统评价百蕊颗粒治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染(AURTI)的疗效及安全性。方法通过计算机系统检索中国知网、万方数据与维普网数据库自建库至2022年9月有关百蕊颗粒治疗儿童AURTI的随机对照研究,并按照Cochrane质量评价标准对纳入研究的方法学质量进行评估,运用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结果纳入文献10篇,涉及患儿1257例。Meta分析显示百蕊颗粒组总有效率高于对照组(OR=4.26,95%CI:2.94~6.16,P<0.00001)。依据疾病类型、治疗疗程进行亚组分析,结果显示,疱疹性咽峡炎患者与非疱疹性咽峡炎患者百蕊颗粒组总有效率均高于对照组(OR=5.34,95%CI:3.23~8.84,P<0.00001;OR=3.12,95%CI:1.80~5.42,P<0.0001);疗程3~5 d与6~7 d百蕊颗粒组总有效率均高于对照组(OR=5.24,95%CI:3.20~8.59,P<0.00001;OR=3.14,95%CI:1.79~5.52,P<0.0001)。百蕊颗粒组退热时间、咽喉部症状消退时间短于对照组(MD=-1.23,95%CI:-1.78~-0.68,P<0.0001;MD=-1.38,95%CI:-1.65~-1.11,P<0.00001)。百蕊颗粒组与对照组不良反应总发生率比较差异无统计学意义(OR=2.09,95%CI:0.69~6.33,P=0.19)。结论百蕊颗粒治疗儿童AURTI疗效较好,且不会增加不良反应。

炎宁糖浆联合干扰素治疗对急性上呼吸道感染患儿炎症和症状恢复的影响

目的:观察炎宁糖浆联合干扰素治疗对急性上呼吸道感染患儿炎症和症状恢复的影响。方法:选取华中科技大学协和江北医院2021年12月—2023年12月收治的120例急性上呼吸道感染患儿作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为研究组和对照组,每组各60例。对照组采用干扰素治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联用炎宁糖浆,比较两种方案的临床疗效。结果:研究组治疗总有效率和CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平高于对照组,中医证候积分、CD8^(+)、白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平低于对照组,止咳时间、鼻塞缓解时间和退热时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:炎宁糖浆联合干扰素治疗急性上呼吸道感染效果较好,能够显著缓解患儿临床症状,减轻呼吸道炎症刺激,提高其免疫功能,治疗实用性更高。

三焦玄府理论结合辨体论治观察高原居民急性上呼吸道感染伴高热的疗效

目的:观察高原地区居民基于三焦玄府理论结合辨体论治思想,使用中药联合刺络放血治疗急性上呼吸道感染(AURI)伴高热的临床疗效。方法:选取2023年1月至2023年3月色达县人民医院收治的100例AURI伴高热的患者,按照治疗方式不同分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组患者给予常规抗病毒及吸氧、止咳、水电解质平衡等治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上接受中药联合刺络放血治疗,比较两组患者临床疗效、治疗前后中医证候积分、开始退热时间、发热总时间、退热后复发热比率、血清炎症因子水平及不良反应发生率。结果:观察组患者治疗总有效率高于对照组,不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者中医证候积分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者退热后发热率低于对照组,退热时间和退热起效时间短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素–6(IL–6)水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在高原地区基于三焦玄府理论结合辨体论治思想,使用中药联合刺络放血治疗AURI伴高热的患者,治愈率高,退热速度快,可以有效降低血清炎症因子水平,安全性高。

1例血清T_(3)、FT_(3)值异常增高病例分析

1例行常规体检患者三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T_(3))、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT_(3))异常增高,48h后再次采集患者空腹静脉血发现T_(3)、FT_(3)检测值回落,通过重复测定,不同实验室的仪器设备进行比对,排除检测错误。经讨论,该病例可能为轻型不典型亚急性甲状腺炎,但T_(3)、FT_(3)结果异常增高,T_(4)、FT_(4)、TSH、ATG、A-TPO正常,短时间再次采集静脉血检测T_(3)、FT_(3)值大部分回落,在临床极为少见,可提示临床持续观察检测,避免过度治疗。此外,需注意药物及内源性因素对检测结果产生的影响,避免误诊。

釜底抽薪散外敷涌泉穴佐治儿童急性上呼吸道感染发热疗效观察

目的:观察釜底抽薪散外敷涌泉穴佐治儿童急性上呼吸道感染发热的临床疗效。方法:将120例急性上呼吸道感染患儿按随机数表法分为观察组和对照组各60例。对照组给予抗感染、止咳化痰、补液等常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗基础上加用釜底抽薪散外敷涌泉穴。观察并记录患儿一般资料、临床疗效、退热效果及不良反应发生情况等。结果:观察组不良反应轻微,总有效率与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);痊愈率为58.3%,高于对照组的38.3%(P<0.05);治疗后退热起效时间、体温首次降至正常时间、完全退热时间、口服退热药次数、中性粒细胞百分比、血清淀粉样蛋白A均短于或低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:釜底抽薪散外敷涌泉穴联合常规西医方案治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染,对发热的疗效确切,可增强退热效果、缩短退热时间、减少退热药使用频次,促进患儿康复。

基于网络药理学与分子对接技术探讨釜底抽薪散治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染发热的机制

目的:基于网络药理学和分子对接技术,探讨釜底抽薪散治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染发热的分子机制。方法:通过中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(TCMSP)检索釜底抽薪散各组成药物的化学成分及靶点;通过在线人类孟德尔遗传(OMIM)、GeneCards等数据库查找急性上呼吸道感染发热的疾病靶点;通过STRING数据库绘制蛋白相互作用(PPI)网络,筛选出核心靶点;通过DAVID数据库对核心靶点进行基因本体(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析;采用AutoDock软件进行活性成分与靶点的分子对接验证。结果:共检索到釜底抽薪散活性成分61个,成分相关靶点211个,急性上呼吸道感染发热相关靶点3874个,映射后获得潜在靶点131个。分析后最终获得釜底抽薪散治疗急性上呼吸道感染发热的主要活性成分(槲皮素、β-谷甾醇、异鼠李素、小檗碱、芦荟大黄素、黄藤素等)和27个核心靶点。GO功能富集分析得到GO条目287个,KEGG通路富集筛选得到62个信号通路,主要涉及炎症、病毒感染相关信号通路。分子对接显示槲皮素、β-谷甾醇等主要成分与关键靶点结合稳定。结论:釜底抽薪散通过多组分、多靶点及多通路协调作用治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染发热,方中槲皮素、β-谷甾醇等成分可与AKT1、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-1β等多个靶点结合,通过肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、IL-17、低氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)等信号通路调控炎症反应、抗病毒等生物学过程发挥治疗作用。

上呼吸道益生菌Biohalo23用于儿童急性呼吸道感染的安全性及功效

目的:评估上呼吸道益生菌Biohalo23用于儿童急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)的安全性及功效。方法:选取2023年6月某院收治的40例ARTI患儿作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组20例。对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予Bactoblis致可多活性益生菌复合片(压片糖果)含服,连续干预7天,随访14天。分析两组患儿ARTI病程、用药情况、菌群变化及不良反应发生情况。结果:7天内,观察组患儿退热药使用率低于对照组(P<0.05)。7天内和21天内,观察组患儿ARTI病程、抗菌药物和抗病毒药使用天数短于对照组(P<0.05)。菌群方面,观察组患儿上呼吸道菌群稳定性高于对照组、属水平的菌群丰富度高于对照组;两组患儿菌群组成存在明显差异;在科水平上,观察组患儿乳杆菌科丰度高于对照组;在属水平上,观察组患儿乳杆菌属和魏斯氏菌属丰度高于对照组,而艾肯菌属丰度低于对照组。研究期间,两组患儿未发生不良反应。结论:上呼吸道益生菌Biohalo23有助于调节上呼吸道菌群稳态,减少有害菌定植,可缩短ARTI患儿病程,减少抗菌药物的使用,且具有良好的应用价值。

金银花口服液治疗妊娠期上呼吸道感染的疗效观察及妊娠结局分析

目的探讨金银花口服液治疗妊娠期上呼吸道感染的临床疗效和安全性。方法选取2021年1月至2022年9月湘雅常德医院收治的诊断为“妊娠合并上呼吸道感染”的孕妇66例,以随机数字表法分为两组,各33例。对照组使用常规对症支持治疗;观察组在对照组治疗的基础上,使用金银花口服液治疗。结果相较于对照组,观察组的发热、咽喉肿痛消失及实验室检查指标正常时间明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组较对照组相比平均住院日缩短,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者妊娠不良结局,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论金银花口服液可以明显改善治疗妊娠期上呼吸道感染患者发热和咽喉肿痛的症状,缩短住院日,未对妊娠期妇女妊娠结局产生不良影响,有较好的疗效与安全性。