AAV2-PDE6B restores retinal structure and function in the retinal degeneration 10 mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa by promoting phototransduction and inhibiting apoptosis

Retinitis pigmentosa is a group of inherited diseases that lead to retinal degeneration and photoreceptor cell death.However,there is no effective treatment for retinitis pigmentosa caused by PDE6B mutation.Adeno-associated virus(AAV)-mediated gene therapy is a promising strategy for treating retinitis pigmentosa.The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanisms by which AAV2-PDE6B rescues retinal function.To do this,we injected retinal degeneration 10(rd10)mice subretinally with AAV2-PDE6B and assessed the therapeutic effects on retinal function and structure using dark-and light-adapted electroretinogram,optical coherence tomography,and immunofluorescence.Data-independent acquisition-mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate protein expression levels and pathway enrichment,and the results from this analysis were verified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.AAV2-PDE6B injection significantly upregulated PDE6βexpression,preserved electroretinogram responses,and preserved outer nuclear layer thickness in rd10 mice.Differentially expressed proteins between wild-type and rd10 mice were closely related to visual perception,and treating rd10 mice with AAV2-PDE6B restored differentially expressed protein expression to levels similar to those seen in wild-type mice.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins whose expression was most significantly altered by AAV2-PDE6B injection were enriched in phototransduction pathways.Furthermore,the phototransductionrelated proteins Pde6α,Rom1,Rho,Aldh1a1,and Rbp1 exhibited opposite expression patterns in rd10 mice with or without AAV2-PDE6B treatment.Finally,Bax/Bcl-2,p-ERK/ERK,and p-c-Fos/c-Fos expression levels decreased in rd10 mice following AAV2-PDE6B treatment.Our data suggest that AAV2-PDE6B-mediated gene therapy promotes phototransduction and inhibits apoptosis by inhibiting the ERK signaling pathway and upregulating Bcl-2/Bax expression in retinitis pigmentosa.

儿童期诊断的青少年起病的成人型糖尿病2型临床特点及基因分析

目的分析总结青少年起病的成人型糖尿病2型(maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2,MODY2)患儿的临床表现及遗传学特点,提高临床工作中对MODY2的识别能力。方法回顾性分析2017年8月—2023年7月在华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院儿科确诊的13例MODY2患儿的临床资料。结果13例MODY2患儿(编号P1~13)均有糖尿病家族史,均为健康体检或因感染性疾病偶然发现的轻度空腹高血糖[(6.4±0.5)mmol/L)]。其中2例空腹血糖达到糖尿病诊断标准,其他病例均为空腹血糖受损或糖耐量受损;1 h血糖(one-hour post-glucose,1-hPG)波动在8.31~13.06 mmol/L,已到达国际糖尿病联盟推荐的糖尿病诊断标准。13例MODY2患儿均为葡萄糖激酶(glucokinase,GCK)基因杂合变异,其中P6为GCK c.1047C>A(p.Y349X)、P11为GCK c.1146_1147insGCAGAGCGTGTCTACGCGCGCTGCGCACATGTGC(p.S383Alafs*87)和P13为GCK c.784_785insC(p.D262Alafs*13),均为尚未报道过的变异。结论该研究丰富了MODY2的基因变异谱;临床对于有糖尿病家族史、偶然发现的轻度空腹血糖增高、糖尿病相关抗体阴性的患儿,需警惕MODY2可能。

Identification of hub genes associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus:A pilot bioinformatics study

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is related to various extragastric diseases including type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).However,the possible mechanisms connecting H.pylori infection and T2DM remain unknown.AIM To explore potential molecular connections between H.pylori infection and T2DM.METHODS We extracted gene expression arrays from three online datasets(GSE60427,GSE27411 and GSE115601).Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)commonly present in patients with H.pylori infection and T2DM were identified.Hub genes were validated using human gastric biopsy samples.Correlations between hub genes and immune cell infiltration,miRNAs,and transcription factors(TFs)were further analyzed.RESULTS A total of 67 DEGs were commonly presented in patients with H.pylori infection and T2DM.Five significantly upregulated hub genes,including TLR4,ITGAM,C5AR1,FCER1G,and FCGR2A,were finally identified,all of which are closely related to immune cell infiltration.The gene-miRNA analysis detected 13 miRNAs with at least two gene cross-links.TF-gene interaction networks showed that TLR4 was coregulated by 26 TFs,the largest number of TFs among the 5 hub genes.CONCLUSION We identified five hub genes that may have molecular connections between H.pylori infection and T2DM.This study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of H.pylori-induced onset of T2DM.

Regulatory potential of soil available carbon,nitrogen,and functional genes on N_(2)O emissions in two upland plantation systems

Dynamic nitrification and denitrification processes are affected by changes in soil redox conditions,and they play a vital role in regulating soil N_(2)O emissions in rice-based cultivation.It is imperative to understand the influences of different upland crop planting systems on soil N_(2)O emissions.In this study,we focused on two representative rotation systems in Central China:rapeseed–rice(RR)and wheat–rice(WR).We examined the biotic and abiotic processes underlying the impacts of these upland plantings on soil N_(2)O emissions.The results revealed that during the rapeseed-cultivated seasons in the RR rotation system,the average N_(2)O emissions were 1.24±0.20 and 0.81±0.11 kg N ha^(–1)for the first and second seasons,respectively.These values were comparable to the N_(2)O emissions observed during the first and second wheat-cultivated seasons in the WR rotation system(0.98±0.25 and 0.70±0.04 kg N ha^(–1),respectively).This suggests that upland cultivation has minimal impacts on soil N_(2)O emissions in the two rotation systems.Strong positive correlations were found between N_(2)O fluxes and soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+)),nitrate(NO_(3)^(–)),microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN),and the ratio of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC)to NO_(3)^(–)in both RR and WR rotation systems.Moreover,the presence of the AOA-amoA and nirK genes were positively associated with soil N_(2)O fluxes in the RR and WR systems,respectively.This implies that these genes may have different potential roles in facilitating microbial N_(2)O production in various upland plantation models.By using a structural equation model,we found that soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA gene accounted for over 50%of the effects on N_(2)O emissions in the RR rotation system.In the WR rotation system,soil moisture,mineral N,MBN,and the AOA-amoA and nirK genes had a combined impact of over 70%on N_(2)O emissions.These findings demonstrate the interactive effects of functional genes and soil factors,including soil physical characteristics,available carbon and nitrogen,and their ratio,on soil N_(2)O emissions during upland cultivation seasons under rice-upland rotations.

应用Minigene剪接变异体分析技术诊断PMM2基因非经典剪接位点新变异的致病性

目的:研究Minigene剪接变异体分析技术在诊断磷酸甘露糖变位酶2(PMM2)相关先天性糖基化障碍(PMM2-CDG)中的价值,探讨磷酸甘露糖变位酶2(PMM2)基因剪接位点新变异对其转录产物的影响。方法:通过对1例PMM2-CDG患儿进行高通量测序查找可能的遗传学病因,利用Minigene剪接变异体分析技术,研究PMM2基因新剪接位点变异的致病性。根据美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会(ACMG)指南,判断新变异的致病性。结果:遗传学分析发现患儿系PMM2基因母源性c.691G>A(p.Val231Met)变异和父源性c.447+5G>A变异复合杂合子。Minigene剪接变异体分析发现:变异c.447+5G>A导致PMM2基因转录产物形成r.348_447del转录本,为致病性PMM2基因变异。患儿的临床特征为皮肤巩膜黄染,血清总胆红素、非结合胆红素和总胆汁酸明显升高,白蛋白明显降低,甲胎蛋白、铁蛋白和促甲状腺素等升高,对症支持治疗效果欠佳。结论:Minigene剪接变异体分析可为PMM2-CDG确诊和家系遗传咨询提供新的分子标记物,扩展了PMM2基因变异谱,为该病的临床诊治提供新的参考依据。

Vanillylacetone attenuates cadmium chloride-induced hippocampal damage and memory loss through upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 gene and protein expression

Memory loss and dementia are major public health concerns with a substantial economic burden.Oxidative stress has been shown to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of hippocampal damage-induced memory impairment.To investigate whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compound vanillyla cetone(zingerone) can protect against hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by cadmium chloride(CdCl_(2)) administration in rats,we explo red the potential involvement of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway,which is known to modulate oxidative stress and inflammation.Sixty healt hy male Wistar rats were divided into five groups:vehicle-treated(control),vanillylacetone,CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2),vanillylacetone+ CdCl_(2)+ brusatol(a selective pharmacological N rf2inhibitor) groups.Vanillylacetone effectively attenuated CdCl_(2)-induced damage in the dental gyrus of the hippocampus and improved the memory function assessed by the Morris Water Maze test.Additionally,vanillylacetone markedly decreased the hippocampal tissue levels of inflammatory biomarkers(interleukin-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,intracellular cell adhesive molecules) and apoptosis biomarkers(Bax and cleaved caspase-3).The control and CdCl_(2)-treated groups treated with va nillylacetone showed reduced generation of reactive oxygen species,decreased malondialdehyde levels,and increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activities,along with significant elevation of nuclear Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in hippocampal tissue.All the protective effects of vanillylacetone we re substantially blocked by the co-administration of brusatol(a selective N rf2 inhibitor).Va nillylacetone mitigated hippocampal damage and memory loss induced by CdCl_(2),at least in part, by activating the nuclear transcription factor Nrf2.Additionally,vanillylacetone exerted its potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory actions.

To Analyze the Sensitivity of RT-PCR Assays Employing S Gene Target Failure with Whole Genome Sequencing Data during Third Wave by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant

Introduction: Omicron is a highly divergent variant of concern (VOCs) of a severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2. It carries a high number of mutations in its spike protein hence;it is more transmissible in the community by immune evasion mechanisms. Due to mutation within S gene, most Omicron variants have reported S gene target failure (SGTF) with some commercially available PCR kits. Such diagnostic features can be used as markers to screen Omicron. However, Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) is the only gold standard approach to confirm novel microorganisms at genetically level as similar mutations can also be found in other variants that are circulating at low frequencies worldwide. This Retrospective study is aimed to assess RT-PCR sensitivity in the detection of S gene target failure in comparison with whole genome sequencing to detect variants of Omicron. Methods: We have analysed retrospective data of SARS-CoV-2 positive RT-PCR samples for S gene target failure (SGTF) with TaqPath COVID-19 RT-PCR Combo Kit (ThermoFisher) and combined with sequencing technologies to study the emerged pattern of SARS-CoV-2 variants during third wave at the tertiary care centre, Surat. Results: From the first day of December 2021 till the end of February 2022, a total of 321,803 diagnostic RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 were performed, of which 20,566 positive cases were reported at our tertiary care centre with an average cumulative positivity of 6.39% over a period of three months. In the month of December 21 samples characterized by the SGTF (70/129) were suggestive of being infected by the Omicron variant and identified as Omicron (B.1.1.529 lineage) when sequence. In the month of January, we analysed a subset of samples (n = 618) with SGTF (24%) and without SGTF (76%) with Ct values Conclusions: During the COVID-19 pandemic, it took almost more than 15 days to diagnose infection and identify pathogen by sequencing technology. In contrast to that molecular assay provided quick identification with the help of SGTF phenomenon within 5 hours of duration. This strategy helps scientists and health policymakers for the quick isolation and identification of clusters. That ultimately results in a decreased transmission of pathogen among the community.

Analysis of SMOC2 gene variants in familial and nonfamilial primary open angle glaucoma Pakistani patients

AIM:To find out the association of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC)-related modular calcium binding 2(SMOC2)gene variants rs2255680 and rs13208776 with genotypic and phenotypic characteristics in both familial and non-familial primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)patients.METHODS:A total of 212 POAG patients,comprising 124 familial and 88 non-familial,were enrolled.For genotyping the SMOC2 variant rs2255680,amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)-polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)were utilized for analyzing rs13208776 variant.RESULTS:The mean age of familial POAG patients was 50.92±9.12y,with 78 males and 46 females.The mean age of non-familial POAG patients was 53.14±13.44y,with 52 males and 36 females.The SMOC2 gene variant rs13208776 showed the significant association with POAG between familial and non-familial groups.The homozygous G/G variant was frequent among non-familial(60.2%)whereas the heterozygous G/A variant was more frequent in familial POAG patients(46%).There were significant differences in G/A variant between familial and non-familial glaucoma patients,and the risk was decreased to 0.53-fold in non-familial glaucoma patients[odds ratio(OR):0.53;95%confidence interval(CI):0.29-0.94;P=0.033]in codominant model.The risk was further reduced to 0.49-fold(95%CI:0.28-0.86;P=0.012)in dominant model for non-familial patients.No significant association of SMOC2 gene variant rs2255680 between familial and non-familial glaucoma patients was found in our population.The haplotype analysis showed the decreased risk for TA[OR:0.48(95%CI:0.29-0.79);P=0.004]and an increased risk for TG[OR=2.28(95%CI:1.22-4.25);P=0.01]haplotypes.CONCLUSION:Current findings show significant association of SMOC2 gene variant rs13208776 with POAG between familial and non-familial Pakistani patients.

Pathogenesis of chronic enteropathy associated with the SLCO2A1 gene:Hypotheses and conundrums

Chronic enteropathy associated with the SLCO2A1 gene(CEAS)is a complex gastroenterological condition characterized by multiple ulcers in the small intestine with chronic bleeding and protein loss.This review explores the potential mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of CEAS,focusing on the role of SLCO2A1-encoded prostaglandin transporter OATP2A1 and its impact on prostaglandin E2(PGE2)levels.Studies have suggested that elevated PGE2 levels contribute to mucosal damage,inflammation,and disruption of the intestinal barrier.The effects of PGE2 on macrophage activation and Maxi-Cl channel functionality,as well as its interaction with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs play crucial roles in the progression of CEAS.Understanding the balance between its protective and pro-inflammatory effects and the complex interactions within the gastrointestinal tract can shed light on potential therapeutic targets for CEAS and guide the development of novel,targeted therapies.

Transglutaminase 2 serves as a pathogenic hub gene of KRAS mutant colon cancer based on integrated analysis

BACKGROUND Colon cancer is acknowledged as one of the most common malignancies worldwide,ranking third in United States regarding incidence and mortality.Notably,approximately 40%of colon cancer cases harbor oncogenic KRAS mutations,resulting in the continuous activation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling.AIM To investigate the key pathogenic genes in KRAS mutant colon cancer holds considerable importance.METHODS Weighted gene co-expression network analysis,in combination with additional bioinformatics analysis,were conducted to screen the key factors driving the progression of KRAS mutant colon cancer.Meanwhile,various in vitro experiments were also conducted to explore the biological function of transglutaminase 2(TGM2).RESULTS Integrated analysis demonstrated that TGM2 acted as an independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival.Immunohistochemical analysis on tissue microarrays revealed that TGM2 was associated with an elevated probability of perineural invasion in patients with KRAS mutant colon cancer.Additionally,biological roles of the key gene TGM2 was also assessed,suggesting that the downregulation of TGM2 attenuated the proliferation,invasion,and migration of the KRAS mutant colon cancer cell line.CONCLUSION This study underscores the potential significance of TGM2 in the progression of KRAS mutant colon cancer.This insight not only offers a theoretical foundation for therapeutic approaches but also highlights the need for additional clinical trials and fundamental research to support our preliminary findings.

Gene expression analysis of cytokines and MMPs in melatonin and rhBMP-2 enhanced bone remodeling

BACKGROUND In the medical and dental fields,there is a need for studies of new therapeutic approaches for the treatment of bone defects that cause extensive bone loss.Melatonin may be an important endogenous biological factor for bone remodeling,and growth factors may enhance the repair process.AIM To evaluate the gene expression of cytokines(IL-1β,IL-6,IL-10 and TNF-α),markers of osteoclastogenesis(RANK,RANKL and OPG)and MMPs(MMP-1,MMP-2,MMP-8 and MMP-13)from the treatment of melatonin associated with an osteogenic membrane and rhBMP-2 on the recovery of a bone injury.METHODS Sixty-four rats were used and divided into 9 experimental groups and were formed according to the treatment carried out in the region of the bone lesion,which varied between the combination of 1,10 and 100μmol/L of melatonin.Gene Expression analysis was performed using real time-PCR by reading the concentration of total RNA and reverse transcription.RESULTS There were differences between groups when compared with clot or scaffold control,and improvement with a higher concentration of melatonin or rhBMP-2.The combination melatonin(1μg)with 5μg of rhBMP-2,using the guided bone regeneration technique,demonstrated some effects,albeit mild,on bone repair of critical bone defects.CONCLUSION This indicates that the approach for administering these substances needs to be reassessed,with the goal of ensuring their direct application to the affected area.Therefore,future research must be carried out,seeking to produce materials with these ideal characteristics.

Identification of M2 macrophage-related genes for establishing a prognostic model in pancreatic cancer: FCGR3A as key gene

Background:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)has a rich and complex tumor immune microenvironment(TIME).M2 macrophages are among the most extensively infiltrated immune cells in the TIME and are necessary for the growth and migration of cancers.However,the mechanisms and targets mediating M2 macrophage infiltration in pancreatic cancer remain elusive.Methods:The M2 macrophage infiltration score of patients was assessed using the xCell algorithm.Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),module genes associated with M2 macrophages were identified,and a predictive model was designed.The variations in immunological cell patterns,cancer mutations,and enrichment pathways between the cohorts with the high-and low-risk were examined.Additionally,the expression of FCGR3A and RNASE2,as well as their association with M2 macrophages were evaluated using the HPA,TNMplot,and GEPIA2 databases and verified by tissue immunofluorescence staining.Moreover,in vitro cell experiments were conducted,where FCGR3A was knocked down in pancreatic cancer cells using siRNA to analyze its effects on M2 macrophage infiltration,tumor proliferation,and metastasis.Results:The prognosis of patients in high-risk and low-risk groups was successfully distinguished using a prognostic risk score model of M2 macrophage-related genes(p=0.024).Between the high-and low-risk cohorts,there have been notable variations in immune cell infiltration patterns,tumor mutations,and biological functions.The risk score was linked to the manifestation of prevalent immunological checkpoints,immunological scores,and stroma values(all p<0.05).In vitro experiments and tissue immunofluorescence staining revealed that FCGR3A can promote the infiltration or polarization of M2 macrophages and enhance tumor proliferation and migration.Conclusions:In this study,an M2 macrophage-related pancreatic cancer risk score model was established,and found that FCGR3A was correlated with tumor formation,metastasis,and M2 macrophage infiltration.

DNA methylation in the association between pesticide exposures and type 2 diabetes

BACKGROUND Numerous epidemiological studies have found that pesticide exposure is associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes(T2D);however,the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.DNA methylation may play a role in this process.AIM To identify the genes associated with pesticide exposure and T2D by reviewing the current literature.METHODS We systematically searched PubMed and Embase for relevant studies that examined the association between pesticide exposure and DNA methylation,and studies on DNA methylation and T2D through January 15,2024.RESULTS We identified six genes(Alu,CABLES1,CDH1,PDX1,PTEN,PTPRN2)related to pesticide exposure and T2D.We also suggested future research directions to better define the role of DNA methylation in the association between pesticide exposure and T2D.CONCLUSION DNA methylation of specific genes may play a vital role in the association between pesticide exposure and T2D.

绒毛组织Bcl-2、Bax、LC3、P62与稽留流产患者解脲支原体感染的关系

目的研究绒毛组织B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(Bcl-2)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)、P62对稽留流产患者解脲支原体感染的预测价值。方法本研究为队列研究。选取2022年1月至2023年6月榆林市第一医院收治的稽留流产患者156例作为稽留流产组,并选取同期在本院进行人工流产的患者170例作为人工流产组。人工流产组年龄、孕次、产次、既往流产次数、妊娠时间分别为(28.61±5.30)岁、(1.54±0.48)次、(0.97±0.24)次、(0.87±0.25)次、(53.72±4.49)d,稽留流产组分别为(29.18±5.57)岁、(1.49±0.43)次、(0.95±0.26)次、(0.91±0.32)次、(54.55±4.20)d。比较两组解脲支原体感染率及绒毛组织Bcl-2、Bax、LC3、P62表达情况。稽留流产患者根据是否发生解脲支原体感染再分为阴性组(96例)、阳性组(60例),比较两组绒毛组织Bcl-2、Bax、LC3、P62表达情况,采用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)分析绒毛组织Bcl-2、Bax、LC3、P62表达对稽留流产患者解脲支原体感染的预测价值。采用独立样本t检验、χ^(2)检验进行统计学分析。结果稽留流产组解脲支原体阳性率高于人工流产组[38.46%(60/156)比12.94%(22/170)](P<0.05)。稽留流产组绒毛组织Bcl-2、P62表达水平低于人工流产组,Bax、LC3表达水平高于人工流产组(均P<0.05)。阳性组绒毛组织Bcl-2、P62表达水平低于阴性组,Bax、LC3表达水平高于阴性组(均P<0.05)。绒毛组织Bcl-2、Bax、LC3、P62联合预测稽留流产患者解脲支原体感染的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.852,高于四者单独检测(均P<0.05)。结论与人工流产患者相比,稽留流产患者解脲支原体感染发生率较高,且两组绒毛组织Bcl-2、Bax、LC3、P62表达存在明显差异。解脲支原体感染可引起绒毛组织Bcl-2、Bax、LC3、P62表达差异,且四者联合提高对稽留流产患者解脲支原体感染的预测价值。

Effect of SPTLC1 on type 2 diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND Although numerous single nucleotide polymorphism in multiple genes involve in the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2D),the single gene defects of T2D with strong family history is not clear yet.SPTLC1 are causative for hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy,which is clinical overlapping with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.Mice with adipocyte-specific deletion of SPTLC1 had impaired glucose tolerances and insulin sensitivity.Thus,it is necessary to investigate the SPTLC1 mutations in adult-onset T2D with strong family history.AIM To analyze the role of SPTLC1 mutation on adult-onset T2D with strong family history.METHODS By whole-exome sequence analysis of a patient with T2D and his family members,an uncertain variant in SPTLC1 was identified.Bioinformation analysis was used to evaluate the influence of mutation,rare variant gene-level associations for SPTLC1 in T2D,and the relationship between SPTLC1 mRNA and T2D in human islets from GSE25724.The effect of G371R of SPTLC1 on the characteristics of inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis was also tested on human embryonic kidney(HEK)293 cells.RESULTS A single nucleotide variation in SPTLC1(c.1111G>A:p.G371R)was identified in a family with T2D.The deleterious variant was predicted by functional analysis through hidden Markov models and mendelian clinically applicable pathogenicity software.This pathogenicity might be derived from the different amino acid properties.In HEK 293T cells,p.G371R of SPTLC1 induced the expression of tumor necrosis factor-αand the percent of apoptosis.Meanwhile,rare variant gene-level associations for SPTLC1 also refer to the high risk of T2D(the overall odds ratio=2.4968,P=0.0164).Data from GSE25724 showed that SPTLC1 mRNA was lower in pancreatic islets from T2D human islets(P=0.046),and was as sociated with the decreased level of insulin mRNA expression(Spearman r=0.615,P=0.025).CONCLUSION The study classified SPTLC1 p.G371R mutation as the likely pathogenic mutation from an adult-onset T2D patients with strong family history T2D.

PRRT2基因突变相关疾病谱的临床特征及遗传学分析

目的回顾性分析总结10例PRRT2基因突变相关疾病谱患者的临床特点及遗传学特征。方法收集2020-07—2022-08就诊于首都医科大学宣武医院儿科的10例PRRT2基因相关癫痫患儿的临床特征、脑电图、头颅磁共振检查、基因特征及治疗结果,回顾性分析其特征。结果10例患儿均提示PRRT2基因杂合突变,其中3例为片段缺失,5例为移码突变,1例为剪接突变。10例患者中男5例,女5例,起病年龄4个月~10岁,其中7例诊断为自限性家族性婴儿癫痫(SFIE),1例诊断为发作性运动诱发性运动障碍(PKD),2例诊断为伴婴儿惊厥的发作性运动诱发性运动障碍(IC/PKD);5例存在PRRT2基因突变相关疾病家族史。7例口服奥卡西平治疗后发作控制,3例口服左乙拉西坦治疗后发作控制。结论PKD、SFIE及IC/PKD是一组与PRRT2基因突变相关的疾病谱,c.649dupC基因突变位点是热点突变位点。对于高度考虑SFIE、PKD及IC/PKD的患者,如全外显子测序未发现异常基因,需进一步行内含子及染色体微缺失/微重复检测,达到早期诊断及治疗的目的。

转染Ad-hBMP2的脂肪干细胞与壳聚糖/磷酸三钙复合物支架的相容性

目的探讨转染腺病毒骨形态发生蛋白(Ad-hBMP2)基因的脂肪干细胞(ADSCs)与壳聚糖/磷酸三钙(CTCP)复合物支架的相容性,以期为ADSCs修复骨缺损寻找理想的组织工程骨支架材料。方法将壳聚糖与磷酸三钙进行复合制成CTCP复合物材料,再将其与转染Ad-hBMP2的ADSCs(密度1×106/mL)复合培养,进行细胞复合物支架的一般与超微形态学观察,观察细胞粘附能力、增殖活力,RT-PCR及Western blot测定成骨细胞骨钙素和Ⅰ型胶原水平。结果 CTCP支架孔径200～350μm,孔隙率83%;电镜显示转染Ad-hBMP2的ADSCs与CTCP复合物在体外培养期间支架无塌陷及形变,且其在支架上粘附、增殖良好,并能分泌细胞外基质如骨钙素和Ⅰ型胶原等;随着培养时间延长,骨的组织学特征日益明显。结论 CTCP支架具有适宜的孔结构和良好的生物相容性及骨诱导作用,可以作为骨组织工程较理想的支架材料,且与转染Ad-hBMP2的ADSCs相结合更易形成组织工程骨。

过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征患儿血清IL-17A sST2与病情控制的相关性

目的:探讨血清白细胞介素-17A(IL-17A)、可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)与过敏性鼻炎-哮喘综合征(CARAS)患儿病情控制的关系。方法:收集2019年2月~2023年2月期间于本院就诊的85例CARAS患儿为CARAS组,采用过敏性鼻炎评分量表(SFAR)、哮喘控制测试(ACT)评估CARAS患儿病情,根据控制情况分为良好控制组(42例)和未良好控制组(43例),依据糖皮质激素使用情况分为低剂量激素组(28例)、中剂量激素组(31例)、高剂量激素组(26例);同期收集85例健康儿童为健康组。采用ELISA法检测患儿治疗前后血清IL-17A、sST2水平,采用Pearson法分析血清IL-17A、sST2水平与临床资料、ACT评分、SFAR评分的相关性;绘制ROC曲线分析指标评估价值。结果:CARAS组治疗前血清IL-17A、sST2水平[(230.87±50.22)pg/mL、(29.79±6.97)ng/mL]高于健康组[(127.46±31.18)pg/mL、(15.62±4.85)ng/mL](t=16.129、15.385,P<0.05)。高剂量激素组治疗前血清IL-17A、sST2水平[(283.20±52.40)pg/mL、(38.61±9.87)ng/mL]高于中剂量激素组[(232.16±49.98)pg/mL、(29.91±6.92)ng/mL]、低剂量激素组[(180.85±47.36)pg/mL、(21.47±5.24)ng/mL],中剂量激素组治疗前血清IL-17A、sST2水平高于低剂量激素组(F=28.380、35.205,P<0.05)。未良好控制组治疗前血清IL-17A、sST2水平及IgE、EOS、FeNO[(280.25±61.57)pg/mL、(37.17±9.24)ng/mL、(462.01±127.64)U/mL、(1.45±0.27)×109L-1、(40.18±10.20)ppb]高于良好控制组[(180.31±49.82)pg/mL、(22.23±5.67)ng/mL、(228.30±55.72)U/mL、(0.69±0.14)×109L-1、(23.59±6.51)ppb],FEV1、FVC、PEF、CD3、CD4、CD4/CD8、NK细胞[(70.05±11.28)%、(71.98±10.45)%、(68.97±10.05)%、(51.94±8.26)%、(25.52±5.89)%、(0.99±0.20)、(13.14±3.67)%]低于良好控制组[(84.16±12.09)%、(82.91±11.73)%、(78.56±8.73)%、(60.48±12.15)%、(32.27±6.20)%、(1.21±0.33)、(16.38±4.08)%](t=8.215、8.959、10.894、16.233、8.915;5.565、4.539、4.692、3.798、5.147、3.727、3.851,P<0.05)。IL-17A、sST2与IgE、EOS、FeNO、SFAR评分呈正相关(r=0.495、0.507、0.510、0.535;0.513、0.490、0.508、0.519,P<0.05),与FEV1、FVC、PEF、CD3、CD4、CD4/CD8、NK细胞、ACT评分呈负相关(r=-0.489、-0.526、-0.514、-0.512、-0.492、-0.498、-0.501、-0.529;-0.507、-0.530、-0.519、-0.526、-0.492、-0.489、-0.517、-0.531,P<0.05)。血清IL-17A、sST2水平单独及联合评估CARAS患儿病情控制的AUC分别为0.816、0.849、0.854。未良好控制组治疗前后血清IL-17A、sST2水平均高于良好控制组,且良好控制组治疗后血清IL-17A、sST2水平与治疗前比显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:CARAS患儿血清IL-17A、sST2水平与肺功能及病情控制密切相关,可有效评估病情控制水平。

血清sST2、proBNP水平与扩张型心肌病患者预后的关系

目的分析血清可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)、脑钠肽前体(proBNP)水平与扩张型心肌病(DCM)患者治疗预后的关系。方法采用回顾性研究,选择2020年1月至2022年6月于郑州大学附属郑州中心医院心血管内科接受治疗的57例DCM患者作为研究对象。查阅患者资料,收集患者治疗前及治疗后血清sST2、proBNP水平,统计治疗后1 a患者预后情况,分析DCM患者治疗前血清sST2、proBNP水平与预后的关系,同时绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线探究治疗前血清sST2、proBNP水平对DCM患者预后的预测价值。结果DCM患者预后不良21例,占比36.84%,预后良好36例,占比63.16%;预后不良组年龄、NYHA心功能Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级占比大于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前预后不良组血清sST2、proBNP水平高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经过点二列相关性分析,治疗前血清sST2、proBNP水平与DCM患者预后不良呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05);ROC曲线分析,治疗前血清sST2、proBNP水平单独预测DCM患者预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.710、0.779,联合预测的AUC为0.827,联合预测价值更高。结论治疗前血清sST2、proBNP水平与DCM患者预后具有相关性,临床可将治疗前血清sST2、proBNP水平作为DCM患者预后的有效预测指标。

Main Agronomic Characters and Grain Quality of Rice Blast Resistance Gene Pi-d2 Transgenic Rice

[Objective] The aim of this study was to provide metabolic evidence for the analysis of the ecological and safety assessment of Pi-d2-transgenic rice.[Method] The main agronomic characters of Pi-d2-transgenic rice were observed in field experiment and the grain chemical characters and amino acid content were measured.[Results] Introduction of foreign gene Pi-d2 resulted in stably hereditable variation in agronomic characteristics in the descents.Most of the transgenic lines grew normally and orderly.Compared with the control（wild type plants）,about half of transgenic plants showed an increased or reduced plant height.There was no observable difference between transgenic plants and controls in tiller number,length of panicle,panicles per plant,seed-setting rate and 1 000-grain weight.Total amino acid content in transgenic rice was reduced,while the starch content,GC and GT were not altered in comparison with the control.[Conclusion] Introduction of foreign gene Pi-d2 has remarkable influence on plant height,while little on grain chemical characters.