We discuss, giving all necessary details, the boundary-bulk propagators. We do it for a scalar field, with and without mass, for both the Feynman and the Wheeler cases. Contrary to standard procedure, we do not need h...We discuss, giving all necessary details, the boundary-bulk propagators. We do it for a scalar field, with and without mass, for both the Feynman and the Wheeler cases. Contrary to standard procedure, we do not need here to appeal to any unfounded conjecture (as done by other authors). Emphasize that we do not try to modify standard ADS/CFT procedures, but use them to evaluate the corresponding Feynman and Wheeler propagators. Our present calculations are original in the sense of being the first ones undertaken explicitly using distributions theory (DT). They are carried out in two instances: 1) when the boundary is a Euclidean space and 2) when it is of Minkowskian nature. In this last case we compute also three propagators: Feynman’s, Anti-Feynman’s, and Wheeler’s (half advanced plus half retarded). For an operator corresponding to a scalar field we explicitly obtain, for the first time ever, the two points’ correlations functions in the three instances above mentioned. To repeat, it is not our intention here to improve on ADS/CFT theory but only to employ it for evaluating the corresponding Wheeler’s propagators.展开更多
In this study,we extend the surface growth approach for bulk reconstruction into the Ad S spacetime with a boundary in the Ad S/BCFT correspondence.We show that the geometry in the entanglement wedge with a boundary c...In this study,we extend the surface growth approach for bulk reconstruction into the Ad S spacetime with a boundary in the Ad S/BCFT correspondence.We show that the geometry in the entanglement wedge with a boundary can be constructed from the direct growth of bulk extremal surfaces layer by layer.Furthermore,we observe that the surface growth configuration in BCFT can be connected with the defect multi scale entanglement renormalization ansatz(MERA)tensor network.Additionally,we investigate the entanglement of purification within the surface growth process,which not only reveals more refined structure of entanglement entropy in the entanglement wedge but also suggests a selection rule for surface growth in the bulk reconstruction.展开更多
Hua's theory of harmonic functions on classical domains is generalized to the theory on holomorphic vector bundles over classical domains and further on vector bundles over the real classical domains and quaternio...Hua's theory of harmonic functions on classical domains is generalized to the theory on holomorphic vector bundles over classical domains and further on vector bundles over the real classical domains and quaternion classical domains. In case of the simplest quaternion classical domain there is a relation between Hua operator and Dirac operator,by which an AdS/CFT correspondence of Dirac fields is established.展开更多
In this paper, we study the static dielectric function and interaction potential in strong coupling limit with AdS/CFT correspondence. The dielectric function is depressed compared with that in weak coupling. The inte...In this paper, we study the static dielectric function and interaction potential in strong coupling limit with AdS/CFT correspondence. The dielectric function is depressed compared with that in weak coupling. The interaction potential then presents a weaker screening characteristics in strong coupling, which indicates a smaller Debye mass compared with weak coupling.展开更多
We apply an AdS/CFT-inspired color-dipole model which contains only three free parameters to describe the HERA data for the inclusive structure function F 2 at small Bjorken-x and virtuality.We found that the saturati...We apply an AdS/CFT-inspired color-dipole model which contains only three free parameters to describe the HERA data for the inclusive structure function F 2 at small Bjorken-x and virtuality.We found that the saturation scale in our AdS/CFT-based parameterization varies in the range of 1 ÷ 3 GeV becoming independent of energy/Bjorken-x at very small x.This leads to the prediction of x-independence of the structure functions at very small x.With the fitted parameters in our model,the predictions for F 2,longitudinal structure function,charm structure function and total photo-production cross-sections in the kinematic regions of future experiments can be given.展开更多
By means of the UGD function extracted from an AdS/CFT inspired saturation model, the charm and bottom structure functions are studied in fixed-order perturbation theory. It is shown that the theoretical results are i...By means of the UGD function extracted from an AdS/CFT inspired saturation model, the charm and bottom structure functions are studied in fixed-order perturbation theory. It is shown that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the recent HERA data. Then, this UGD function is also used to investigate net-kaon rapidity distribution in Au＋Au collisions at RHIC energies and the theoretical results fit well to the BRAHMS data. In the end of this paper, we give the predicted results for nuclear charm structure function at very small x where the popular shadowing parameterizations are invalid.展开更多
We perform a potential analysis for the holographic Schwinger effect in a deformed AdS5 model with conformal invariance broken by a background dilaton.We evaluated the static potential by analyzing the classical actio...We perform a potential analysis for the holographic Schwinger effect in a deformed AdS5 model with conformal invariance broken by a background dilaton.We evaluated the static potential by analyzing the classical action of a string attached to a rectangular Wilson loop on a probe D3 brane located at an intermediate position in the bulk AdS space.We observed that the inclusion of the chemical potential tends to enhance the production rate,which is opposite to the effect of the confining scale.In addition,we calculated the critical electric field based on the Dirac-Born-Infeld(DBI)action.展开更多
Recent discussions attributed fermion mass to an analogue of Weyl curvature which occurred by hypothesis when closed, spin strings swept out closed world tubes. A new degree of freedom and corresponding curvature clas...Recent discussions attributed fermion mass to an analogue of Weyl curvature which occurred by hypothesis when closed, spin strings swept out closed world tubes. A new degree of freedom and corresponding curvature class were attributed to “second order tubes” that were swept out by initially introduced closed tubes, etc. Curvature classes were associated by hypothesis with composite masses where d enoted a mass-less spin field and where a and respectively denoted an LH quark and an RH anti-lepton that were characterized by opposite I3 values and shared a common generation. The resulting model accounted for known quark masses and predicted a new quark of mass 30 GeV/c2. The composite masses form a symmetry, the preservation of which is equivalent to the conservation of electrical charge and string scale. SUGRA interactions that preserve the proposed symmetry can therefore be precisely defined. In this context, gauge transformations that establish the proposed curvature classes also associate with a second realization of the originally generated symmetry, the preservation of which is equivalent to the conservation of string length and of the curvature ?from which the postulated model generates admissible increments of large scale expansion. The latter symmetry is associated by hypothesis with the large scale structure of the observable universe, thereby motivating a theoretical approximation of the total number of galaxies. This result parallels the approximation that is indicated by observation.展开更多
This paper shows how increased entropy values from an initially low big bang level can be measured experimentally by counting relic gravitons. Furthermore the physical mechanism of this entropy increase is explained v...This paper shows how increased entropy values from an initially low big bang level can be measured experimentally by counting relic gravitons. Furthermore the physical mechanism of this entropy increase is explained via analogies with early-universe phase transitions. The role of Ng’s revised infinite quantum statistics in the physics of gravitational wave detection is acknowledged. Ng’s infinite quantum statistics can be used to show that is a starting point to the increasing net universe cosmological entropy. Finally, in a nod to similarities with zero point energy (ZPE) analysis, it is important to note that the resulting in fact is much lower, allowing for evaluating initial graviton production as an emergent field phenomena, which may be similar to how ZPE states can be used to extract energy from a vacuum if entropy is not maximized. The rapid increase in entropy so alluded to without near sudden increases to 10<sup>88</sup> may be enough to allow successful modeling of relic graviton production for entropy in a manner similar to zero point energy (ZPE) energy extraction from a vacuum state. This entropy count is akin to quantum information models used to tell how much “information” may be stored in initial conditions, and transferred from a prior to the present展开更多
In this study,we utilize the complexity-action duality to study the evolution of complexity in a holographic QCD model at finite temperature and chemical potential.By inserting a fundamental string as a probe,we inves...In this study,we utilize the complexity-action duality to study the evolution of complexity in a holographic QCD model at finite temperature and chemical potential.By inserting a fundamental string as a probe,we investigated the properties of complexity growth in this Einstein-Maxwell-scalar gravity system,which is affected by the string velocity,chemical potential,and temperature.Our results show that the complexity growth is maximized when the probe string is stationary,and it decreases as the velocity of the string increases.When the string approaches relativistic velocities,the complexity growth always increases monotonically with respect to the chemical potential.Furthermore,we find that the complexity growth can be used to identify phase transitions and crossovers in the model.展开更多
We perform a potential analysis for the holographic Schwinger effect in spinning Myers-Perry black holes.We compute the potential between the produced pair by evaluating the classical action of a string attached on a ...We perform a potential analysis for the holographic Schwinger effect in spinning Myers-Perry black holes.We compute the potential between the produced pair by evaluating the classical action of a string attached on a probe D3-brane at an intermediate position in the AdS bulk.We find that increasing the angular momentum reduces the potential barrier,thus enhancing the Schwinger effect,consistent with previous findings obtained via the local Lorentz transformation.In particular,these effects are more visible for the particle pair lying in the transversal plane compared with that along the longitudinal orientation.In addition,we discuss how the Schwinger effect changes with the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio at strong coupling under the influence of angular momentum.展开更多
文摘We discuss, giving all necessary details, the boundary-bulk propagators. We do it for a scalar field, with and without mass, for both the Feynman and the Wheeler cases. Contrary to standard procedure, we do not need here to appeal to any unfounded conjecture (as done by other authors). Emphasize that we do not try to modify standard ADS/CFT procedures, but use them to evaluate the corresponding Feynman and Wheeler propagators. Our present calculations are original in the sense of being the first ones undertaken explicitly using distributions theory (DT). They are carried out in two instances: 1) when the boundary is a Euclidean space and 2) when it is of Minkowskian nature. In this last case we compute also three propagators: Feynman’s, Anti-Feynman’s, and Wheeler’s (half advanced plus half retarded). For an operator corresponding to a scalar field we explicitly obtain, for the first time ever, the two points’ correlations functions in the three instances above mentioned. To repeat, it is not our intention here to improve on ADS/CFT theory but only to employ it for evaluating the corresponding Wheeler’s propagators.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11675272)。
文摘In this study,we extend the surface growth approach for bulk reconstruction into the Ad S spacetime with a boundary in the Ad S/BCFT correspondence.We show that the geometry in the entanglement wedge with a boundary can be constructed from the direct growth of bulk extremal surfaces layer by layer.Furthermore,we observe that the surface growth configuration in BCFT can be connected with the defect multi scale entanglement renormalization ansatz(MERA)tensor network.Additionally,we investigate the entanglement of purification within the surface growth process,which not only reveals more refined structure of entanglement entropy in the entanglement wedge but also suggests a selection rule for surface growth in the bulk reconstruction.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2031050/A010109).
文摘Hua's theory of harmonic functions on classical domains is generalized to the theory on holomorphic vector bundles over classical domains and further on vector bundles over the real classical domains and quaternion classical domains. In case of the simplest quaternion classical domain there is a relation between Hua operator and Dirac operator,by which an AdS/CFT correspondence of Dirac fields is established.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10947002
文摘In this paper, we study the static dielectric function and interaction potential in strong coupling limit with AdS/CFT correspondence. The dielectric function is depressed compared with that in weak coupling. The interaction potential then presents a weaker screening characteristics in strong coupling, which indicates a smaller Debye mass compared with weak coupling.
基金Supported by PBCT Project (ACT/028 'Center of Atomic Physics')FONDECYT (Chile) Project (11090085)
文摘We apply an AdS/CFT-inspired color-dipole model which contains only three free parameters to describe the HERA data for the inclusive structure function F 2 at small Bjorken-x and virtuality.We found that the saturation scale in our AdS/CFT-based parameterization varies in the range of 1 ÷ 3 GeV becoming independent of energy/Bjorken-x at very small x.This leads to the prediction of x-independence of the structure functions at very small x.With the fitted parameters in our model,the predictions for F 2,longitudinal structure function,charm structure function and total photo-production cross-sections in the kinematic regions of future experiments can be given.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(A2012210043)
文摘By means of the UGD function extracted from an AdS/CFT inspired saturation model, the charm and bottom structure functions are studied in fixed-order perturbation theory. It is shown that the theoretical results are in good agreement with the recent HERA data. Then, this UGD function is also used to investigate net-kaon rapidity distribution in Au＋Au collisions at RHIC energies and the theoretical results fit well to the BRAHMS data. In the end of this paper, we give the predicted results for nuclear charm structure function at very small x where the popular shadowing parameterizations are invalid.
基金Supported by the NSFC (11705166)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)(CUGL180402)。
文摘We perform a potential analysis for the holographic Schwinger effect in a deformed AdS5 model with conformal invariance broken by a background dilaton.We evaluated the static potential by analyzing the classical action of a string attached to a rectangular Wilson loop on a probe D3 brane located at an intermediate position in the bulk AdS space.We observed that the inclusion of the chemical potential tends to enhance the production rate,which is opposite to the effect of the confining scale.In addition,we calculated the critical electric field based on the Dirac-Born-Infeld(DBI)action.
文摘Recent discussions attributed fermion mass to an analogue of Weyl curvature which occurred by hypothesis when closed, spin strings swept out closed world tubes. A new degree of freedom and corresponding curvature class were attributed to “second order tubes” that were swept out by initially introduced closed tubes, etc. Curvature classes were associated by hypothesis with composite masses where d enoted a mass-less spin field and where a and respectively denoted an LH quark and an RH anti-lepton that were characterized by opposite I3 values and shared a common generation. The resulting model accounted for known quark masses and predicted a new quark of mass 30 GeV/c2. The composite masses form a symmetry, the preservation of which is equivalent to the conservation of electrical charge and string scale. SUGRA interactions that preserve the proposed symmetry can therefore be precisely defined. In this context, gauge transformations that establish the proposed curvature classes also associate with a second realization of the originally generated symmetry, the preservation of which is equivalent to the conservation of string length and of the curvature ?from which the postulated model generates admissible increments of large scale expansion. The latter symmetry is associated by hypothesis with the large scale structure of the observable universe, thereby motivating a theoretical approximation of the total number of galaxies. This result parallels the approximation that is indicated by observation.
文摘This paper shows how increased entropy values from an initially low big bang level can be measured experimentally by counting relic gravitons. Furthermore the physical mechanism of this entropy increase is explained via analogies with early-universe phase transitions. The role of Ng’s revised infinite quantum statistics in the physics of gravitational wave detection is acknowledged. Ng’s infinite quantum statistics can be used to show that is a starting point to the increasing net universe cosmological entropy. Finally, in a nod to similarities with zero point energy (ZPE) analysis, it is important to note that the resulting in fact is much lower, allowing for evaluating initial graviton production as an emergent field phenomena, which may be similar to how ZPE states can be used to extract energy from a vacuum if entropy is not maximized. The rapid increase in entropy so alluded to without near sudden increases to 10<sup>88</sup> may be enough to allow successful modeling of relic graviton production for entropy in a manner similar to zero point energy (ZPE) energy extraction from a vacuum state. This entropy count is akin to quantum information models used to tell how much “information” may be stored in initial conditions, and transferred from a prior to the present
基金Supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFA1604900)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (12275104,11890711,11890710,11735007)。
文摘In this study,we utilize the complexity-action duality to study the evolution of complexity in a holographic QCD model at finite temperature and chemical potential.By inserting a fundamental string as a probe,we investigated the properties of complexity growth in this Einstein-Maxwell-scalar gravity system,which is affected by the string velocity,chemical potential,and temperature.Our results show that the complexity growth is maximized when the probe string is stationary,and it decreases as the velocity of the string increases.When the string approaches relativistic velocities,the complexity growth always increases monotonically with respect to the chemical potential.Furthermore,we find that the complexity growth can be used to identify phase transitions and crossovers in the model.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(12375140)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(G1323523064)。
文摘We perform a potential analysis for the holographic Schwinger effect in spinning Myers-Perry black holes.We compute the potential between the produced pair by evaluating the classical action of a string attached on a probe D3-brane at an intermediate position in the AdS bulk.We find that increasing the angular momentum reduces the potential barrier,thus enhancing the Schwinger effect,consistent with previous findings obtained via the local Lorentz transformation.In particular,these effects are more visible for the particle pair lying in the transversal plane compared with that along the longitudinal orientation.In addition,we discuss how the Schwinger effect changes with the shear viscosity to entropy density ratio at strong coupling under the influence of angular momentum.
