The Adaptive Planting and the Prospect of Industrial Development of Quinoa in China

Quinoa is the only single plant meeting the basic nutritional needs of the human body. It is the whole nutritious food with nutritional balance, wide adaptability, strong resistance and other characteristics. In this paper, the botanical characteristics and nutritional value of quinoa were systematically introduced, and the development of quinoa in China was reviewed. The problems of domestic quinoa industry, the shortage of germplasm resources, the lack of innovation and high-yielding cultivation techniques were analyzed. To provide theoretical references for quinoa planting and industrial development in China, the countermeasures to improve the investment of quinoa industry and promote the development of multi-form industry were put forward.

ADAPTABLE DESIGN IN PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

A newly emerging design pattern, named as adaptable design （AD）, which aims at developing products that are adaptable from design to post-life cycle, is discussed. AD consists of four main phases： product modeling, design platform, specific design and product redesign. A new process-based design data model （PDDM） is presented which is organized according to the principles of convenient knowledge extraction, data representation, layout, sharing and reuse. Based on the PDDM, a universal design platform for product family development is established, which has characters of modularity, parameter-driven, variant design, etc. The framework of the platform is also proposed as a conceptual structure and overall logical organization for generating a family of products. AD methodology is successfully applied to develop a family of tunnel boring machine （TBM） for different engineering projects, with the efficiency of our developing team being greatly increased.

西安浐河桃花潭滨水公园设计理念探讨(英文)

The construction of Peach Blossom Lake Waterfront Park on the Chan River in Xi'an City gives tourists and Xi'an citizens a waterfront park.By participating the field investigation,feasibility study,demonstration of design scheme as well as extended preliminary design and construction drawing design of the project,the author studied the "maintenance" and "innovation" in constructing modern urban waterfront parks by combining landscape design knowledge and practices,that is to say,how to inherit Chinese traditional culture and gardening art while making innovations,and achieve the organic integration of traditional cultural elements and modern functional elements.

TSC1 enables plastid development under dark conditions, contributing to rice adaptation to transplantation shock

Since its domestication from wild rice thousands of years ago, rice has been cultivated largely through transplantation. During transplantation from the nursery to the paddy field, rice seedlings experience transplantation shock which affects their physiology and production.However, the mechanisms underlying transplantation shock and rice adaptation to this shock are largely unknown. Here,we isolated a transplant-sensitive chloroplast-deficient（tsc_1）rice mutant that produces albino leaves after transplantation.Blocking light from reaching the juvenile leaves and leaf primordia caused chloroplast deficiencies in transplanted tsc_1 seedlings. TSC_1 encodes a noncanonical adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette（ABC） transporter homologous to At NAP_（14） and is of cyanobacterial origin. We demonstrate that TSC_1 controls plastid development in rice under dark conditions, and functions independently of light signaling.However, light rescued the tsc_1 mutant phenotype in a spectrum-independent manner. TSC_1 was upregulated following transplantation, and modulated the iron and copper levels, thereby regulating prolamellar body formation during the early P_4 stage of leaf development. Therefore, TSC_1 is indispensable for plastid development in the absence of light,and contributes to adaptation to transplantation shock.Our study provides insight into the regulation of plastid development and establishes a framework for improving recovery from transplantation shock in rice.

Root osmotic sensing from local perception to systemic responses

Plants face a constantly changing environment,requiring fine tuning of their growth and development.Plants have therefore developed numerous mechanisms to cope with environmental stress conditions.One striking exam-ple is root response to water deficit.Upon drought(which causes osmotic stress to cells),plants can among other responses alter locally their root system architecture(hydropatterning)or orientate their root growth to optimize water uptake(hydrotropism).They can also modify their hydraulic properties,metabolism and development coordi-nately at the whole root and plant levels.Upstream of these developmental and physiological changes,plant roots must perceive and transduce signals for water availability.Here,we review current knowledge on plant osmotic per-ception and discuss how long distance signaling can play a role in signal integration,leading to the great phenotypic plasticity of roots and plant development.