Objective To measure volume and other parameters of normal adrenal glands in Chinese adults with 64-slice multidetector CT, to evaluate the relationship of volume result with age, sex and body size, and to explore the...Objective To measure volume and other parameters of normal adrenal glands in Chinese adults with 64-slice multidetector CT, to evaluate the relationship of volume result with age, sex and body size, and to explore the correlations between adrenal volume and other measurements. Methods This study was based on 125 acquired contrast-enhanced upper abdominal CT scans performed with a 64-slice CT. The final study group consisted of 81 patients (49 males, 32 females). Portal venous phase images were studied for the measurements. Both the reconstruction interval and thickness were 1.5 mm. Each adrenal gland was outlined manually with computer-assistant technology to calculate its volume. The maximal sectional area, length, width and thickness of each adrenal gland were also measured. Results The mean age of total population was 47.9±13.0 (range: 20-76) years. The left, right, and total adrenal gland volumes were 4.23±0.74 (range: 2.85-5.83) cm 3 , 4.26±0.86 (2.59-6.56) cm 3 , and 8.50±1.40 (5.80-11.39) cm 3 , respectively. These volumes increased with weight (r=0.381, 0.389, and 0.437 respectively, all P<0.001), height (r=0.386, P<0.001; r=0.297, P=0.007; r=0.384, P<0.001) and body surface area (r=0.406, 0.392, and 0.452, all P<0.001). There was no significant difference in left, right or total adrenal volume with regard to sex after applying General Linear Model procedure to reduce the impact of weight (F=1.304, 0.064, and 0.597, all P>0.05), nor did volume change significantly with age (r=-0.033, -0.014, and -0.026, all P>0.05). Nearly all descriptors of bilateral adrenal glands correlated with ipsilateral volume except thickness (r=-0.027, P=0.814) and width (r=0.166, P=0.138) in the left side. Among these parameters, length had a stronger correlation with volume than others in the both left (r=0.412, P<0.001) and right (r=0.516, P<0.001) adrenal glands. Conclusion Our study has defined the volume distribution and other parameters of normal adrenal glands in Chinese adults, which provide a baseline for future studies.展开更多
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome(BWS) is an overgrowth syndrome associated with increased risk to develop malignancies including adrenocortical carcinoma. Ovarian thecal metaplasia of the adrenal gland is a rare tumorlike ...Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome(BWS) is an overgrowth syndrome associated with increased risk to develop malignancies including adrenocortical carcinoma. Ovarian thecal metaplasia of the adrenal gland is a rare tumorlike mesenchymal lesion in BWS patients that lacks detailed radiological description. We report a 17-yearold female patient with BWS, associated with bilateral Wilms tumor, hepatic hemangiomatosis, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, and a phyllodes tumor of the right breast. Surveillance abdominal ultrasound identified a right adrenal mass that was further characterized by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Radiologically, this mass displayed features that overlap with adrenocortical carcinoma and pheochromocytoma but after pathological examination this proved to be an ovarian thecal metaplasia of the adrenal gland. Adrenal masses in BWS should raise the suspicion for adrenocortical carcinoma though other adrenal tumors including ovarian thecal metaplasia can be seen in these patients.展开更多
Objective： To determine the frequency of adrenal injuries in patients presenting with blunt abdomi- nal trauma by computed tomography （CT）. Methods： During a 6 month period from January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2011, ...Objective： To determine the frequency of adrenal injuries in patients presenting with blunt abdomi- nal trauma by computed tomography （CT）. Methods： During a 6 month period from January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2011, 82 emergency CT examinations were performed in the setting of major abdominal trauma and ret- rospectively reviewed for adrenal gland injuries. Results： A total of 7 patients were identified as having adrenal gland injuries （6 males and 1 female）. Two patients had isolated adrenal gland injuries. In the other 5 patients with nonisolated injuries, injuries to the liver （1 case）, spleen （1 case）, retroperitoneum （2 cases） and mesentery （4 cases） were identified. Overall 24 cases with liver injuries （29 %）, 11cases with splenic injuries （13%）, 54 cases with mesenteric injuries （65%）, 14 cases （17%） with retroperitoneal injuries and 9 cases with renal injuries were identified. Conclusion： Adrenal gland injury is identified in 7 patients （11.7%） out of a total of 82 patients who underwent CT after major abdominal trauma. Most of these cases were nonisolated injuries. Our experience indicates that adrenal injury resulting from trauma is more common than suggested by other reports. The rise in incidence of adrenal injuries could be attributed to the mode of injury.展开更多
Background Alveolar echinococcosis located in the adrenal gland can be considered a rare and aggressive infestation that radiologically and macroscopically mimics a malignant neoplasm. Its pathogenesis is poorly unde...Background Alveolar echinococcosis located in the adrenal gland can be considered a rare and aggressive infestation that radiologically and macroscopically mimics a malignant neoplasm. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood. This paper describes its clinical and radiological aspects and discusses its proper management. Methods The records of two patients with adrenal gland alveolar echinococcosis who were diagnosed and treated in our center in 2009 were evaluated. Results Neither patient showed any signs of recurrence following radical surgical treatment and postoperative oral anthelmintic therapy. Conclusion Radical surgery can be a feasible, effective management option that results in a good prospective outcome.展开更多
Adrenal hemorrhage following blunt abdominal trauma is extremely rare. Most of the lesions are uni- lateral and right sided. Although often asymptomatic, life-threatening adrenal insufficiency may develop in the bilat...Adrenal hemorrhage following blunt abdominal trauma is extremely rare. Most of the lesions are uni- lateral and right sided. Although often asymptomatic, life-threatening adrenal insufficiency may develop in the bilateral adrenal gland hemorrhage. Isolated adrenal injuries are very rare. They are often asso- ciated with other organ injuries. The mortality rates of patients range from 7% to 32%. In this report, we present the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of unilateral adrenal hemorrhages in two natients with a historv of fall from a height.展开更多
文摘Objective To measure volume and other parameters of normal adrenal glands in Chinese adults with 64-slice multidetector CT, to evaluate the relationship of volume result with age, sex and body size, and to explore the correlations between adrenal volume and other measurements. Methods This study was based on 125 acquired contrast-enhanced upper abdominal CT scans performed with a 64-slice CT. The final study group consisted of 81 patients (49 males, 32 females). Portal venous phase images were studied for the measurements. Both the reconstruction interval and thickness were 1.5 mm. Each adrenal gland was outlined manually with computer-assistant technology to calculate its volume. The maximal sectional area, length, width and thickness of each adrenal gland were also measured. Results The mean age of total population was 47.9±13.0 (range: 20-76) years. The left, right, and total adrenal gland volumes were 4.23±0.74 (range: 2.85-5.83) cm 3 , 4.26±0.86 (2.59-6.56) cm 3 , and 8.50±1.40 (5.80-11.39) cm 3 , respectively. These volumes increased with weight (r=0.381, 0.389, and 0.437 respectively, all P<0.001), height (r=0.386, P<0.001; r=0.297, P=0.007; r=0.384, P<0.001) and body surface area (r=0.406, 0.392, and 0.452, all P<0.001). There was no significant difference in left, right or total adrenal volume with regard to sex after applying General Linear Model procedure to reduce the impact of weight (F=1.304, 0.064, and 0.597, all P>0.05), nor did volume change significantly with age (r=-0.033, -0.014, and -0.026, all P>0.05). Nearly all descriptors of bilateral adrenal glands correlated with ipsilateral volume except thickness (r=-0.027, P=0.814) and width (r=0.166, P=0.138) in the left side. Among these parameters, length had a stronger correlation with volume than others in the both left (r=0.412, P<0.001) and right (r=0.516, P<0.001) adrenal glands. Conclusion Our study has defined the volume distribution and other parameters of normal adrenal glands in Chinese adults, which provide a baseline for future studies.
文摘Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome(BWS) is an overgrowth syndrome associated with increased risk to develop malignancies including adrenocortical carcinoma. Ovarian thecal metaplasia of the adrenal gland is a rare tumorlike mesenchymal lesion in BWS patients that lacks detailed radiological description. We report a 17-yearold female patient with BWS, associated with bilateral Wilms tumor, hepatic hemangiomatosis, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, and a phyllodes tumor of the right breast. Surveillance abdominal ultrasound identified a right adrenal mass that was further characterized by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Radiologically, this mass displayed features that overlap with adrenocortical carcinoma and pheochromocytoma but after pathological examination this proved to be an ovarian thecal metaplasia of the adrenal gland. Adrenal masses in BWS should raise the suspicion for adrenocortical carcinoma though other adrenal tumors including ovarian thecal metaplasia can be seen in these patients.
文摘Objective： To determine the frequency of adrenal injuries in patients presenting with blunt abdomi- nal trauma by computed tomography （CT）. Methods： During a 6 month period from January 1, 2011 to June 30, 2011, 82 emergency CT examinations were performed in the setting of major abdominal trauma and ret- rospectively reviewed for adrenal gland injuries. Results： A total of 7 patients were identified as having adrenal gland injuries （6 males and 1 female）. Two patients had isolated adrenal gland injuries. In the other 5 patients with nonisolated injuries, injuries to the liver （1 case）, spleen （1 case）, retroperitoneum （2 cases） and mesentery （4 cases） were identified. Overall 24 cases with liver injuries （29 %）, 11cases with splenic injuries （13%）, 54 cases with mesenteric injuries （65%）, 14 cases （17%） with retroperitoneal injuries and 9 cases with renal injuries were identified. Conclusion： Adrenal gland injury is identified in 7 patients （11.7%） out of a total of 82 patients who underwent CT after major abdominal trauma. Most of these cases were nonisolated injuries. Our experience indicates that adrenal injury resulting from trauma is more common than suggested by other reports. The rise in incidence of adrenal injuries could be attributed to the mode of injury.
文摘Background Alveolar echinococcosis located in the adrenal gland can be considered a rare and aggressive infestation that radiologically and macroscopically mimics a malignant neoplasm. Its pathogenesis is poorly understood. This paper describes its clinical and radiological aspects and discusses its proper management. Methods The records of two patients with adrenal gland alveolar echinococcosis who were diagnosed and treated in our center in 2009 were evaluated. Results Neither patient showed any signs of recurrence following radical surgical treatment and postoperative oral anthelmintic therapy. Conclusion Radical surgery can be a feasible, effective management option that results in a good prospective outcome.
文摘Adrenal hemorrhage following blunt abdominal trauma is extremely rare. Most of the lesions are uni- lateral and right sided. Although often asymptomatic, life-threatening adrenal insufficiency may develop in the bilateral adrenal gland hemorrhage. Isolated adrenal injuries are very rare. They are often asso- ciated with other organ injuries. The mortality rates of patients range from 7% to 32%. In this report, we present the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of unilateral adrenal hemorrhages in two natients with a historv of fall from a height.
