Exploring the Impact of Factors Affecting the Lifespan of HIVs/AIDS Patient’s Survival: An Investigation Using Advanced Statistical Techniques

This study investigates the impact of various factors on the lifespan and diagnostic time of HIV/AIDS patients using advanced statistical techniques. The Power Chris-Jerry (PCJ) distribution is applied to model CD4 counts of patients, and the goodness-of-fit test confirms a strong fit with a p-value of 0.6196. The PCJ distribution is found to be the best fit based on information criteria (AIC and BIC) with the smallest negative log-likelihood, AIC, and BIC values. The study uses datasets from St. Luke hospital Uyo, Nigeria, containing HIV/AIDS diagnosis date, age, CD4 count, gender, and opportunistic infection dates. Multiple linear regression is employed to analyze the relationship between these variables and HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The results indicate that age, CD4 count, and opportunistic infection significantly impact the diagnostic time, while gender shows a nonsignificant relationship. The F-test confirms the model's overall significance, indicating the factors are good predictors of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The R-squared value of approximately 72% suggests that administering antiretroviral therapy (ART) can improve diagnostic time by suppressing the virus and protecting the immune system. Cox proportional hazard modeling is used to examine the effects of predictor variables on patient survival time. Age and CD4 count are not significant factors in the hazard of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time, while opportunistic infection is a significant predictor with a decreasing effect on the hazard rate. Gender shows a strong but nonsignificant relationship with decreased risk of death. To address the violation of the assumption of proportional hazard, the study employs an assumption-free alternative, Aalen’s model. In the Aalen model, all predictor variables except age and gender are statistically significant in relation to HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing diagnostic time and survival of HIV/AIDS patients, which can inform interventions aimed at reducing transmission and improving early diagnosis and treatment. The Power Chris-Jerry distribution proves to be a suitable fit for modeling CD4 counts, while multiple linear regression and survival analysis techniques provide insights into the relationships between predictor variables and diagnostic time. These results contribute to the understanding of HIV/AIDS patient outcomes and can guide public health interventions to enhance early detection, treatment, and care.

Exploring the Impact of Factors Affecting the Lifespan of HIVs/AIDS Patient’s Survival: An Investigation Using Advanced Statistical Techniques

This study investigates the impact of various factors on the lifespan and diagnostic time of HIV/AIDS patients using advanced statistical techniques. The Power Chris-Jerry (PCJ) distribution is applied to model CD4 counts of patients, and the goodness-of-fit test confirms a strong fit with a p-value of 0.6196. The PCJ distribution is found to be the best fit based on information criteria (AIC and BIC) with the smallest negative log-likelihood, AIC, and BIC values. The study uses datasets from St. Luke hospital Uyo, Nigeria, containing HIV/AIDS diagnosis date, age, CD4 count, gender, and opportunistic infection dates. Multiple linear regression is employed to analyze the relationship between these variables and HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The results indicate that age, CD4 count, and opportunistic infection significantly impact the diagnostic time, while gender shows a nonsignificant relationship. The F-test confirms the model's overall significance, indicating the factors are good predictors of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The R-squared value of approximately 72% suggests that administering antiretroviral therapy (ART) can improve diagnostic time by suppressing the virus and protecting the immune system. Cox proportional hazard modeling is used to examine the effects of predictor variables on patient survival time. Age and CD4 count are not significant factors in the hazard of HIV/AIDS diagnostic time, while opportunistic infection is a significant predictor with a decreasing effect on the hazard rate. Gender shows a strong but nonsignificant relationship with decreased risk of death. To address the violation of the assumption of proportional hazard, the study employs an assumption-free alternative, Aalen’s model. In the Aalen model, all predictor variables except age and gender are statistically significant in relation to HIV/AIDS diagnostic time. The findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing diagnostic time and survival of HIV/AIDS patients, which can inform interventions aimed at reducing transmission and improving early diagnosis and treatment. The Power Chris-Jerry distribution proves to be a suitable fit for modeling CD4 counts, while multiple linear regression and survival analysis techniques provide insights into the relationships between predictor variables and diagnostic time. These results contribute to the understanding of HIV/AIDS patient outcomes and can guide public health interventions to enhance early detection, treatment, and care.

Parkinson’s disease and affective disorder: The temporal relationship

In relationship between the affective disorders and Parkinson’s disease (PD) it was found that comorbidity was higher than expected in the majority of the studies. Patients with PD are at increased risk of developing depression and, conversely, recent studies have shown that patients with depressive disorders have increased risk of incident PD. However, the temporal associations between the disorders are not fully elucidated. From this review it could be learned that the temporal aspects strongly suggest that a neurobiological association exists between affective disorder and PD. This is illustrated with hitherto unpublished data. Some of these issues may be investigated in case register studies, e.g. by linkage of registers of somatic and psychiatric illness, and suggestions for future research are given. For GP’s, psychiatrists, geriatricians, and neurologists these new findings will lead to a better understanding and better treatment for patients with complicated comorbid conditions. Here timing is important!

The Basic Principles of Kin Sociality and Eusociality: Human Evolution

The paper posits that kin sociality and eusociality are derived from the handicap-care principles based on the need-based care to the handicappers from the caregivers for the self-interest of the caregivers. In this paper, handicap is defined as the difficulty to survive and reproduce independently. Kin sociality is derived from the childhood handicap-care principle where the children are the handicapped children who receive the care from the kin caregivers in the inclusive kin group to survive. The caregiver gives care for its self-interest to reproduce its gene. The individual’s gene of kin sociality contains the handicapped childhood and the caregiving adulthood. Eusociality is derived from the adulthood handicap-care principle where responsible adults are the handicapped adults who give care and receive care at the same time in the interdependent eusocial group to survive and reproduce its gene. Queen bees reproduce, but must receive care from worker bees that work but must rely on queen bees to reproduce. A caregiver gives care for its self-interest to survive and reproduce its gene. The individual’s gene of eusociality contains the handicapped childhood-adulthood and the caregiving adulthood. The chronological sequence of the sociality evolution is individual sociality without handicap, kin sociality with handicapped childhood, and eusociality with handicapped adulthood. Eusociality in humans is derived from bipedalism and the mixed habitat. The chronological sequence of the eusocial human evolution is 1) the eusocial early hominins with bipedalism and the mixed habitat, 2) the eusocial early Homo species with bipedalism, the larger brain, and the open habitat, 3) the eusocial late Homo species with bipedalism, the largest brain, and the unstable habitat, and 4) extended eusocial Homo sapiens with bipedalism, the shrinking brain, omnipresent imagination, and the harsh habitat. The omnipresence of imagination in human culture converts eusociality into extended eusociality with both perception and omnipresent imagination.

Analysis of Krashen's Affective Filter Hypothesis

Affective filter hypothesis is one of Krashen's five hypotheses on Second Language Acquisition (SLA), and it states that a number of affective variables play a very important role in Second Language Acquisition. Based on the introduction of affective filter hypothesis, this paper will analyze the significance and shortcomings of this hypothesis.

Residual Stresses and Micro-Hardness Testing in Evaluating the Heat Affected Zone’s Width of Ferritic Ductile Iron Arc Welds

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) in Ductile Irons (DI) is often required by foundries for practical manufacturing reasons. The mechanical properties of the welded structures are strongly dependent on their HAZ’s width. A model based on the behaviour of the ferritic matrix of high-Si DIs in order to make an approach in measuring their HAZ’s width is developed in this study. A series of thermal treatments on 3.35 and 3.75 wt% Si as-cast DIs and spot SMAWs is applied on these materials. The applied SMAWs are done on non-preheated and preheated samples (150℃ - 300℃). For welding we modify the amperage (100 - 140A). The micro-hardness Vickers changes in the ferrite of the as-cast samples and inside the HAZ of the welded ones can be attributed to the existence of residual stresses (RS) in the ferritic matrix and assist in estimating the HAZ’s width.

Application of Bloom's Taxonomy for Affective Learning and Teaching in College English Class

Based on B.S.Bloom's Taxonomy for affective learning and teaching,an overview of how to apply affective teaching into English teaching is demonstrated.It is argued that to cultivate students'affective characteristics should be an indispensable objective in college English teaching.

Lies,con Jobs Affect China's E-commerce

As China’s CPI is soaring almost in all walks of life in the past months, more and more people began to adopt online transanctions to save household expense, especially the Spring Festival holiday is approaching,

Effective Face-to-faceTutorials of Online English Learning Lie in Interaction of Affective Domain and Higher Levels of Cognitive Domain of Bloom＇s Taxonomy

Online English learning as an outcome of the rapid development of the Internet has got a wider and wider market in China. However, problems of varieties have also occurred along its way. People never stop thinking of better strategies either in designing online course wares or tutorials to help smooth the learning process. My experience as a tutor is that interaction of affective domain and higher levels of cognitive domain of Bloom＇s Taxonomy plays an important role in face-to-face tutorials of online English learning.

Less Mixing Can Affect Lake's Ecosystem

Lakescanbelikebowlsofsoupinthemicrowave:Theyneedalittlestirringeverynowandthen.Otherwise,alltheheatendsupontop.That’sexactlywhat’shappenedinrecentyearstoAfrica'sLakeTanganyika,scientistsarereporting.

基于GIS的黄淮海平原土壤盐分分布与管理研究

本文通过ＧＰＳ定位取样分析、Ｋｒｉｇｉｎｇ插值和ＧＩＳ处理，研究了黄淮海平原土壤盐分的空间分布，结果表明：黄淮海平原非盐渍土的面积为８０８％，轻度盐化土壤占１７０％，中度盐化占２２％，重度盐化土壤的面积仅占００４％。有７２％的土壤表层（０～１０ｃｍ）虽无盐化现象，但其２０ｃｍ以下层次土壤含盐量超过０１％；黄淮海平原盐渍化土壤目前已主要分布于沿渤海湾低平原、河北省的衡水以北和山东南四湖地区，其它地区已无大面积盐渍土分布；从宏观而论，黄淮海平原的盐渍化程度正在减轻，土壤正向脱盐方向发展，大部分地区已经脱离了土壤盐渍化的困扰。但是，在上述三地区及周边地区，土壤盐渍化的治理与次生盐渍化的防治仍是近期农业管理所必须考虑的重要因素。

SPEI指数在中国东北地区干旱研究中的适用性分析

干旱指数的区域适用性是准确表征区域干旱的重要前提,本文以中国东北地区为典型研究区,探讨标准化降水蒸散指数(SPEI)在该地区应用的有效性。基于研究区90个气象台站的逐日气象资料,计算1961—2014年多时间尺度的SPEI指数。从Kolmogorov-Smirnov(K-S)拟合优度检验、SPEI与典型干旱事件核准、SPEI与农作物受旱灾面积及与土壤湿度相关性分析等方面,验证SPEI指数在东北地区的适用性。分析结果表明:1)东北地区多时间尺度的累积水分亏缺量符合Log-logistic分布,SPEI指数在东北地区的应用具备数学统计理论基础;2)生长季平均SPEI值与黑龙江省、吉林省和辽宁省农作物受旱灾面积比例均呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);3)在1、3、6和12个月尺度下,SPEI与土壤湿度呈显著正相关(P<0.05)的站点比例分别为90.2%、92.16%、90.2%和88.24%。综上所述,SPEI指数不仅满足数学理论统计的要求,而且与干旱灾情数据和土壤水分监测值均具有极度的关联性,说明其在东北地区干旱预测和定量化研究中具有较好的适用性。

A7N01S-T5铝合金焊接热影响区腐蚀疲劳裂纹萌生行为研究

以高速列车常用的A7N01S-T5铝合金型材焊接热影响区为研究对象,分析析出相的SEM组织及化学成分,采用超景深显微镜观察不同时间节点腐蚀疲劳裂纹萌生过程,并统计分析点蚀坑的面积及最大径长。结果表明,热影响区的腐蚀面积率、腐蚀速率、蚀坑最大径长均随着试验时间的增加而增加,腐蚀坑主要沿着挤压方向分布的大颗粒、富含Fe的二相粒子周围萌生,在交变应力的促进作用下,热影响区腐蚀疲劳裂纹在腐蚀坑最大径向方向沿着挤压方向萌生、扩展。

不同溶栓技术治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成患者的疗效及对大小腿患健肢周径差血浆D-二聚体蛋白C蛋白S水平的影响

目的:探讨不同溶栓技术治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)患者的疗效及对大小腿患健肢周径差、血浆D-二聚体(D-D)、蛋白C(PC)、蛋白S(PS)水平的影响。方法:按照1:1配对原则回顾性收集2017年6月至2020年6月我院收治的128例采用不同手术方案治疗的急性DVT患者的临床资料,分别设为A组(n=32,行腘静脉顺行溶栓)、B组(n=32,行经大隐静脉顺行溶栓)、C组(n=32,行逆行溶栓)、D组(n=32,行全身溶栓)。统计四组围手术期情况、并发症发生率、血栓形成后综合征(PTS)发生率及术前、术后7d大小腿患健侧周径差、血浆D-D、PC、PS水平、下肢深静脉血流动力学。结果:A组溶栓时间、症状消退时间短于B组、C组、D组,且B组、C组短于D组,静脉通畅率高于B组、C组、D组,且B组、C组高于D组(P<0.05);术后7d A组大小腿患健侧周径差小于B组、C组、D组,且B组、C组小于D组(P<0.05);术后7d A组血浆D-D水平低于B组、C组、D组,PC、PS高于B组、C组、D组,B组、C组血浆D-D水平低于D组,PC、PS高于D组(P<0.05);术后7d A组股静脉、腘静脉血流速度大于B组、C组、D组,B组、C组股静脉、腘静脉血流速度大于D组(P<0.05);四组并发症发生率及术后1个月PTS发生率比较,无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:导管接触溶栓(CDT)治疗急性DVT,在症状消退时间、溶栓时间、静脉通畅率、小腿患健肢周径差、下肢深静脉血流动力学、血浆D-D、PC、PS水平等方面较全身溶栓更具优势,其中又以腘静脉顺行溶栓效果最好。

NiO在USY分子筛、γ-Al_2O_3及其混合载体上的NO吸附行为和分布规律

运用红外技术和高斯函数对红外谱图进行分峰拟合，研究了对ＮｉＯ在ＵＳＹ分子筛、γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和混合载体上的对ＮＯ吸附规律，并推断出不同ＮｉＯ含量时，Ｎｉ２＋在这些载体上的分布．结果表明：位于γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面、ＵＳＹ分子筛ＳⅡ、ＳⅠ位和ＳⅡ位的Ｎｉ２＋离子吸附ＮＯ时，它们的吸附频率分别为１８５５～１８７５、１９００和１９０５ｃｍ－１．ＮｉＯ在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的体相和表面间存在分布平衡，约有７５％ＮｉＯ存在于γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３体相中．在ＵＳＹ分子筛上，Ｎｉ２＋分布于分子筛ＳⅠ位的趋势远大于ＳⅡ和ＳⅡ、ＳⅠ位．增加ＮｉＯ含量将增强这种趋势．在混合载体上，Ｎｉ２＋分布于Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面的能力大于分布于分子筛的ＳⅡ和ＳⅡ、ＳⅠ位，增加ＮｉＯ量，分布于γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３表面及ＵＳＹ分子筛ＳⅡ位的Ｎｉ２＋量显著增加，而分布于分子筛ＳⅡ。

应用焊接头P—S—N曲线估算结构疲劳强度的若干问题

根据疲劳寿命的分散性规律，本文探索了Ｐ—Ｓ—Ｎ曲线的合理描述模型；考虑平均应力和焊接头与结构相似性的影响，提出了Ｐ—Ｓ—Ｎ曲线的当量对称循环应力幅化的方法和确定疲劳影响系数的相对疲劳影响系数法。实际结构的试验结果与估算结果的比较表明，本文的工作是有效的和合理的。

基于D-S证据理论的表情识别技术

在情感计算理论基础上,提出了基于D-S理论的信息融合的表情识别技术,设计并实现了系统IFFER。在表情识别模块中的分类器训练采用JAFFE表情库。识别中首先利用色度匹配及亮度匹配将人脸图像进行眼部及嘴部的分割,再分别用训练好的眼部SVM分类器及嘴部SVM分类器进行识别,将识别后的结果利用D-S证据理论进行融合。实验结果表明,对分割后的两部分图像进行识别,无论从训练上还是识别上,数据的维数都大大减少,提高了效率。在识别率上,融合后的结果相对于融合前的有显著的提高。

InAs/GaAs量子点生长中应力分析

围绕InAs(InGaAs)/GaA叠层量子点电池的制作,本文通过文献研究和对近邻面生长实验研究认为,InAs/GaAs量子点生长形貌和特性受生长环境条件和生长条件影响。其中,客观、不可改变的外延层与衬底晶格常数、生长台面、超晶格结构等环境条件对量子点生长最为重要。这些环境条件通过生长应力,决定了量子点生长中的有序成核、生长、合并,直至出现缺陷的多晶体生长,其作用贯穿整个量子点生长过程。

Application of Bloom’s Taxonomy in the Formation of Students’ Solving Skills

This project is a study of Bloom’s taxonomy in mathematics. Two groups of 7th Grade students were used to carry out the study, each undertaking a different set of tests at three different levels;the standard traditional test format and the new test based on Bloom’s taxonomy format. The study was aimed at comparing the differences in the outcomes between the two test formats based on the mathematics performances of the students. This study shows how Bloom’s taxonomy can be utilized to develop a clear methodology for creating a test direction when compiling reports and in conducting an experimental assessment of students’ performance.