Evaluating the Competitive Position of Port of Douala in Central Africa Regional Ports Market Conduct Using the SSA

This paper aims to analyze the competitive position of Port of Douala in Central African ports market structure. In other words, it consists of measuring port market level and competitiveness through an assessment of their growth rate and market share. The purpose of the paper is to provide us with information on periodical changing status of ports competing with each other. It also provides us with an effective managerial tool to port operators in the assessment of ports market share and position. For doing so, the measurement technique as Shift-Share Analysis was applied in the study by using a panel dataset of the 7 selected ports of Central Africa sub-region from 2008 to 2018. The paper used the recent dynamics and characteristics of port market in terms of port throughputs to compare the yearly trend and market share. By conducting the study of the market growth rate model, the findings showed that the Port of Douala was the top leader of the market in 2009, 2015, 2016 and 2018. The findings also revealed the competitive positions of these ports under study have changed over the period of study due to the significant change of their market share with average growth rates. The final results showed that several determinant factors have affected the present hierarchy of competitiveness level in the selected ports market especially with small and medium size ports that are strengthening their positions vis-a-vis larger ones. However, the results could be used for analyzing the relative efficiency and overall performance of the Central African Sub-regional seaports including the Cameroonian ports.

非洲港口发展格局及趋势分析

梳理和分析非洲港口发展格局和趋势能够为我国企业参与非洲港口投资、建设、运营提供参考。对非洲港口发展现状、特点和存在问题进行梳理和总结,展望未来发展趋势。与全球其他地区相比,非洲港口在全球海运贸易总规模中的份额较低,港口发展以装卸仓储等基础、传统服务为主,港城矛盾、堆场不足、集疏运通道不畅、现代化和信息化水平低等问题普遍存在。随着全球经济和经贸形势总体长驱稳定,非洲经济产业长期将维持稳定增长,未来非洲港口投资建设需求依旧旺盛,区域港口发展格局将不断演变,港产城一体化、陆上物流通道等建设将加快。

中国参与非洲港口发展:形势分析与风险管控

在"一带一路"倡议的实施进程中,中非海上互通具有巨大的合作潜力。撒哈拉以南非洲港口及其集疏运系统发展滞后并严重制约其经济发展。目前,在区域规划的引领下,该地区国家已大力推动运输通道和港口建设。中国在对接非洲基础设施发展规划的过程中,相关融资机构与建设运营企业已通过多种方式,建设、投资与运营了部分港口项目,但亦面临因项目布局、参与主体构成及运行方式不合理可能引发的经济风险,因环保问题和东道国经济民族主义情绪等因素可能触发的社会风险,以及外部政治因素引起的地缘政治风险等多重风险。这些风险因素往往相互交织、互为触发因素。妥善应对这些风险,对保障中国参与非洲港口发展及中非海上互通具有重要意义。因此,中国政府、融资机构、相关建设与投资运营企业需优化项目评估与项目布局、拓展融资方式、强化社会风险防范、构建利益相关方共同体以及充分利用多边合作平台。

An Evaluation of Abidjan Container Terminal Competitive Position in West Africa Using a Fuzzy Quantified SWOT Framework

This article proposes a quantified SWOT framework which integrates fuzzy linguistic preference relation to evaluate the competitive position of Abidjan container terminal in West Africa. The integration of fuzzy linguistic preference relation in the quantified SWOT framework circumvents the difficulties in terms of data collection and consistency of judgment matrices prevailing in the conventional AHP and Fuzzy AHP. Moreover, the study provides relevant evidences about the key internal and external attributes shipping lines considered as important and hence the attributes that ports/ terminals most need to enhance in order to improve their attractiveness and be well positioned in the market. On the other hand, the change in terminals competitive position between 2010 and 2013 highlights that the difficulties of West African ports in attracting customers in the sub-region are not only related to internal problems such as inadequate infrastructures, facilities or inefficiency, but significant political and economic constraint outside the ports constraints their competitiveness.

考虑时间价值的中非多式联运路径与出海港选择

为区分细化不同货类的中非多式联运路径及出海港选择,将货物的时间价值作为一种运输成本。本文定义货物的时间价值成本由资金占用成本和货物价值损失两部分构成,考虑班轮的班期、运输报价及货物的时间价值,综合出海港的选择和到港运输路径、方式,构建路径选择模型,以期为实际的分货类出海港路径选择提供参考。通过深度优先遍历算法,求解长沙-德班算例。结果表明,班轮的班期、运输报价及货物的时间价值都将影响路径选择的结果。在运价调幅方面,对于高价值、高时间敏感度的货物,货主的出海港选择有较强的鲁棒性;对于低价值、低时间敏感度的货物,运费报价的调幅能在可控范围内(1000 USD·TEU^(-1))实现货主对多个港口选择的变换,具有相对的灵活性和可控性。

基于空间交互模型和GIS技术的几内亚湾港口群腹地空间结构研究

为清晰几内亚湾港口群腹地发展格局,基于空间交互模型和GIS栅格分析技术识别了港口群内腹地竞争的层次结构,并划分了各港口的专属腹地、可竞争腹地和潜在腹地范围。研究结果表明,几内亚湾西非地区存在激烈的腹地空间竞争,竞争强度由沿海向内陆递增;各港口可竞争腹地的空间形态呈现“漏斗效应”,遥远的内陆地区具有相对较大的腹地扩张潜力。相关研究将为港口投资和运营者的腹地基础设施发展决策提供理论支撑。

我国口岸动物疫病传入途径与防控对策

外来动物疫病防控是国家动物防疫工作的重要环节,对保障公共卫生、维护生态安全起着重要作用。当前,我国口岸动物疫病疫情复杂、风险隐患多、防控压力大。本文从我国动物疫病口岸防控现状、主要传入途径以及防控对策3个方面进行了综述。分析认为口岸动物疫病主要通过活动物和动物产品进口、走私、人员携带、邮寄、边境贸易以及媒介、生物迁徙等途径传入,因此需要通过加强风险分析和检疫准入、加强指定口岸建设和管理、强化口岸检疫防疫能力建设以及提高检疫处理的科学化和市场化水平等途径,防止动物疫病从口岸传入,保障国内畜禽养殖业发展和公共卫生安全。本文为口岸动物疫病防控措施和政策的制定提供了参考。

上海口岸进境非洲原木截获有害生物疫情分析及检疫对策

本文对上海口岸2011~2013年进境非洲原木有害生物截获情况进行了分析,结果表明入境非洲原木种类多,进口数量增长快,携带疫情风险高。进境非洲原木携带有害生物特点,主要是有害生物来源地相对集中在热带雨林地区,种类丰富,且以昆虫为主。分析表明有害生物截获与寄主及原木入境时间存在一定相关性,并提出了应对非洲原木传带有害生物的检疫对策。