Growth and Improvement of ZnO Nanostructure Using Aged Solution by Flow Coating Process

ZnO nanostructures were prepared on corning glass substrate by flow coating process with different annealing temperature from 100?C to 600?C. Fresh and two days aged solutions were used to investigate the growth behavior and to evaluate the nanostructure of ZnO. The effect of preparation conditions on the deposition of ZnO nanostructure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The results indicated that the solution aging condition and annealing temperature have a strong influence on the morphology and structural properties of the ZnO nanostructure. The solution aged after two days shows the different morphologies compared with the freshly prepared solution.

Controlled synthesis of one-dimensional Au-Ag porous nanostructures

The fabrication of a new type of one-dimensional Au-Ag porous nanotube（NPT） structure was presented based on a facile combination of nanocrystal growth and surface modification.Ag nanowires with various diameters were firstly served as the chemical plating templates via a polyol-process.Then,one-dimensional（1D） Au-Ag porous nanostructures with tailored structural features could be prepared by controlling the individual steps involved in this process,such as nanowire growth,surface modification,thermal diffusion,and dealloying.Structural characterizations reveal these Au-Ag porous nanotubes,non-porous nanotubes and porous nanowires possess novel nano-architectures with multimodal open porosity and excellent structural continuity and integrity,which make them particularly desirable as novel 1D nanocarriers for biomedical,drug delivery and sensing applications.

Ag/AgCl/ZnO/ATP光催化降解水体中吡虫啉

利用水热法和沉淀-光还原法成功制备具有高效光催化活性的Ag/AgCl/ZnO/ATP异质结复合光催化剂,探究其对水体中吡虫啉(IMI)的光降解性能及机理.结果表明:在可见光照射下,Ag/AgCl/ZnO/ATP光催化剂表现出优异光催化性能,30min内可以完全去除IMI.降解过程符合准一级动力学模型,其反应速率常数是AgCl的7.2倍;在pH 5~11范围内对IMI具有优异的光降解效果;水体中SO_(4)^(2-)和NO_(3)^(-)对光催化剂降解IMI均有一定促进作用;经过5次循环重复使用后仍能保持高效的光催化性能和稳定性;结合表征和实验验证可知,AgCl/ZnO异质结的构成,有效地抑制了电子-空穴对的复合,使得IMI在活性物质(h^(+)、⋅O_(2)^(-)、⋅OH)作用下发生硝基去除、脱氯以及吡啶和咪唑的开环,最终实现对IMI的高效降解.

Ag掺杂ZnO微纳米结构的制备及发光特性

采用微波水热法在80~140℃的生长温度下合成了一系列银(Ag)掺杂的氧化锌(ZnO)样品,掺杂液中Ag^(+)质量分数分别为0、0.2%、0.5%和1%,并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、室温荧光(PL)等方法详细研究了Ag的掺杂对ZnO的结构、形貌和光学性能的影响。XRD结果显示,在低温条件下,高浓度Ag掺杂的ZnO结晶质量最好,而在高温条件下,纯ZnO的结晶质量优于Ag掺杂样品;SEM结果表明,ZnO为空心纳米结构,纯ZnO样品随着温度的升高,样品的形貌由中空的棒状结构逐渐转化为多层的片状结构,而随着Ag掺杂浓度的增加,中空的六方柱状结构逐渐解体,样品颗粒减小,这一现象符合介孔形成的基本理论——柯肯达尔效应;PL光谱表明,随着Ag掺杂浓度的增大,ZnO的可见光发光强度呈现出先增强后减弱的趋势,能带的带隙则逐渐变窄。Ag的掺杂浓度和样品生长温度对于ZnO的结构、形貌和光学性能起了关键性作用。

Ag增强ZnO微米棒偏振发光

为了提高各向异性形貌的ZnO微米棒的偏振发光,通过水热法制备出了ZnO微米棒,再采用柠檬酸钠还原法制备出了ZnO/Ag微米棒。实验结果表明,制备出的微米棒呈哑铃型,横纵比约为6,ZnO微米棒中不含其它杂质。光致发光图表明,ZnO微米棒紫外发光峰峰形呈高斯对称,发光在380 nm左右,而在可见光区,在540 nm左右观测到一个较弱的宽发光峰。在与Ag复合后,ZnO微米棒的光致发光以及光吸收都获得提高。在325 nm He-Cd激光器激发下,通过计算ZnO微米棒的偏振度为0.31,ZnO/Ag微米棒的偏振度为0.44,表明与Ag复合后,ZnO微米棒的偏振获得提高,这使得其在紫外偏振探测等领域具有良好的应用前景。

Self-Assembled Al Nanostructure/ZnO Quantum Dot Heterostructures for High Responsivity and Fast UV Photodetector

Light confinement induced by spontaneous near-surface resonance is inherently determined by the location and geometry of metallic nanostructures(NSs),offering a facile and effective approach to break through the limitation of the light-mater interaction within the photoactive layers.Here,we demonstrate high-performance Al NS/ZnO quantum dots(Al/ZnO) heterostructure UV photodetectors with controllable morphologies of the self-assembled Al NSs.The Al/ZnO heterostructures exhibit a superior light utilization than the ZnO/Al heterostructures,and a strong morphological dependence of the Al NSs on the optical properties of the heterostructures.The inter-diffusion of Al atoms into ZnO matrixes is of a great benefit for the carrier transportation.Consequently,the optimal photocurrent of the Al/ZnO heterostructure photodetectors is significantly increased by 275 times to ~1.065 mA compared to that of the pristine ZnO device,and an outstanding photoresponsivity of 11.98 A W-1 is correspondingly achieved under 6.9 MW cm-2 UV light illumination at 10 V bias.In addition,a relatively fast response is similarly witnessed with the Al/ZnO devices,paving a path to fabricate the high-performance UV photodetectors for applications.

Femtosecond pulse laser-induced self-organized nanostructures on the surface of ZnO crystal

This paper reports self-organized nanostructures observed on the surface of ZnO crystal after irradiation by a focused beam of a femtosecond Ti：sapphire laser with a repetition rate of 250kHz. For a linearly polarized femtosecond laser, the periodic nanograting structure on the ablation crater surface was promoted. The period of self-organization structures is about 180 nm. The grating orientation is adjusted by the laser polarization direction. A long range Bragglike grating is formed by moving the sample at a speed of 10μm/s. For a circularly polarized laser beam, uniform spherical nanoparticles were formed as a result of Coulomb explosion during the interaction of near-infrared laser with ZnO crystal.

Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanostructures prepared by a thermal evaporation process

A series of ZnO nanostructures such as nanowires,nanobelts,nanocombs and mesoporous nanoballs were fabricated by a simple carbon reduction method without catalyst.The morphologies and microstructures of all samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The results indicate that different deposition temperatures have great impact on different shapes of ZnO nanostructures.The growth mechanisms of these ZnO nanostructrues suggest that,by controlling the experiment parameters,different morphological configurations nanostructures can be fabricated.

A novel Ag/ZnO core-shell structure for efficient sterilization synergizing antibiotics and subsequently removing residuals

The massive use of antibiotics has led to the aggravation of bacterial resistance and also brought environmental pollution problems.This poses a great threat to human health.If the dosage of antibiotics is reduced by increasing its bactericidal performance,the emergence of drug resistance is certainly delayed,so that there's not enough time for developing drug resistance during treatment.Therefore,we selected typical representative materials of metal Ag and semiconductor ZnO nano-bactericides to design and synthesize Ag/ZnO hollow core-shell structures(AZ for short).Antibiotics are grafted on the surface of AZ through rational modification to form a composite sterilization system.The research results show that the antibacterial efficiency of the composite system is significantly increased,from the sum(34.7%+22.8%-57.5%)of the antibacterial efficiency of AZ and gentamicin to 80.2%,net synergizes 22.7%,which fully reflects the effect of 1+1>2.Therefore,the dosage of antibiotics can be drastically reduced in this way,which makes both the possibility of bacterial resistance and medical expenses remarkably decrease.Subsequently,residual antibiotics can be degraded under simple illumination using AZ-self as a photocatalyst,which cuts off the path of environmental pollution.In short,such an innovative route has guiding significance for drug resistance.

Rice Husk Templated Mesoporous ZnO Nanostructures for Ethanol Sensing at Room Temperature

Mesoporous zinc oxide nanostructures are successfully synthesized via the sol-gel route by using a rice husk as the template for ethanol sensing at room temperature. The structure and morphology of the nanostructures are characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analyses. The mechanism for the growth of zinc oxide nanostructures over the biotemplate is proposed. SEM and TEM observations also reveal the formation of spherical zinc oxide nanoparticles over the interwoven fibrous network. Multiple sized pores having pore diameter ranging from 10- 4Ohm is also evidenced from the pore size distribution plot. The larger surface area and porous nature of the material lead to high sensitivity （40.93% for 300 ppm of ethanol）, quick response （42s） and recovery （40 s） towards ethanol at 30014. The porous nature of the interwoven fibre-like network affords mass transportation of ethanol vapor, which results in faster surface accessibility, and hence it acts as a potential candidate for ethanol sensing at room temperature.

木质素模板法制备纳米花状炭负载Ag-ZnO及其光催化CO_(2)转化

以碱木质素(AL)为模板,制备纳米级碱木质素负载氧化锌(ZnO/AL)复合材料,并在此基础上负载银纳米粒子(AgNPs),后经高温煅烧制备纳米花状炭负载银-氧化锌(Ag-ZnO/C)复合材料,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等技术对复合材料进行了表征,并评估其光催化转化CO_(2)的能力。研究结果表明:以木质素为模板时,ZnO/AL在后续煅烧过程中依然可维持纳米花的形貌结构,并且木质素能够原位还原银离子为AgNPs使其均匀负载于ZnO花片层上。能量色散X射线(EDX)分析表明:Ag-ZnO/C复合材料主要由C(14.7%)、O(14.4%)、Zn(34.1%)和Ag(18.0%)元素组成,结合TEM、XRD及XPS分析,证明了Ag-ZnO/C复合材料已经成功制备。比较了Ag^(+)/Zn^(2+)物质的量比分别为1∶2(Ag_(0.1)-ZnO 0.2/C)和1∶10(Ag_(0.1)-ZnO_(1.0)/C)时复合材料光催化转化CO_(2)的能力,光电流响应及阻抗谱测试结果表明:Ag_(0.1)-ZnO_(1.0)/C的光电流强度较高,电阻较小,光催化活性更优。Ag_(0.1)-ZnO_(1.0)/C光催化CO_(2)转化,CH 4一直持续偏低,反应10 h时CO的产率可达114.9μmol/g。

Negative Temperature Coefficient of Resistivity in Bulk Nanostructured Ag

The change of the temperature coefficient of resistivity (a) with the particle size, dp, and the grain size, dc, in the nanostructured Ag bulk samples was investigated. dp and dc were controlled by heating the nano-Ag powders over the temperature range from 393 to 453 K. The electrical resistance measurements of the nanostructured Ag bulk samples obtained by compacting the Ag powders after heat treatments showed a change in the sign of a with dP and dc. When dp and dc are smaller or equal to 18 and 11 nm below room temperature or 20 and 12 nm above room temperature, respectively, the sign of the temperature coefficient of resistivity changes from positive to negative. The negative a arises mainly from the high resistivity induced by the particle interfaces with very lowly ordered or even disordered structure, a large volume fraction of interfaces and impurities existing in the interfaces, and the quantum size effect appearing in the nano-Ag grains.

Controlling Growth of ZnO Nanostructures Via A Solution Route

A solution method was developed for fabricating ZnO nanostructures using （NH4）2CO3 as starting material SEM analysis shows that ZnO nanostructures exhibit nanorod, branch and flower-like morphologies. The crystal phase of as-synthesized products was characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The growth process, formation mechanism and optical property were also discussed by means of transmission electronic microscopy （TEM）, high resolution transmission microscopy （HRTEM） and photoluminescence （PL）. The growth direction of ZnO nanostructures was investigated based on the results of HRTEM. The PL spectrum shows two strong peaks （centered at around -387 and -470 nm） and a broad Deak （centered at around -580 nm）.

Synthesis and Optical Property Study on ZnO Nanostructures Via Vapor Phase Growth

Nanostructural zinc oxide films have been synthesized via vapor phase growthby heating pure zinc powder. Scanning electron microscopy ( SEM) images and X-ray diffraction (XRD)results showed that four kinds of morphologies ZnO nanostructures namely nanowires, well-alignednanorods, nanofeathers and hexagonal nano-rods were formed and all of wurtzite structural crystals.The results indicated that the temperature and substrate play an important role in the formation ofdifferent morphologies of ZnO nanostructures. The photoluminescence (PL) measurement was carried outfor the well-aligned nanorods ZnO sample and blue emission peaks at 420 and 444 nm have beenobserved at room temperature. And the blue emission mechanism is discussed.

Influence of thermal ageing on oxidation performance and nanostructures of dry soot in diesel engine

Diesel soot subjected to high exhaust temperature suffers from thermal ageing,which is difficult to be removed by regeneration process.Based on the thermogravimetric(TG)analysis and images by high resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM),effects of thermal ageing temperature,ageing time and oxygen concentration on oxidation characteristic of soot are investigated.The activation energy of soot increases with the increase of ageing temperature and oxygen concentration.The activation energy increases rapidly when the ageing time is less than 45 min,and then it keeps in a value of 157 kJ/mol when the ageing time is between 45 and 60 min.Compared to the soot without thermal ageing,the shape of ageing soot particles presents shorter diameter and more regular circle by observing soot nanostructure.With the increase of ageing temperature,ageing time and oxygen concentration,the more stable structure of“shell and core”is shown in the basic carbon.The soot has an increased fringe length,decreased tortuosity and separation distance after thermal ageing process,which leads to the deepening of the disorder degree of soot nanostructures and reduction of soot oxidation activity.Consequently,the thermal ageing process should be avoided in order to optimize the active regeneration strategy.

Preparation and Characterization of Silver Doped ZnO Nanostructures

ZnO was prepared by hydrothermal method. The result of scanning electron microscopy showed that the materials had nano rod structures. Ag-doped ZnO was prepared by UV-photoreduction. Crystalline phases and optical absorption of the prepared Ag-doped ZnO samples were determined by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectrum, UV-visible, and UV- photoreduction spectrophotometer. X-ray analyses revealed that Ag was doped ZnO crystallizes in hexagonal wurtzite structure. The incorporation of Ag+ in the site of Zn2+ provoked an increase in the size of nanocrystals as compared to pure ZnO. The photocatalytic and photoluminescence properties of materials were considered.

Modification at Lattice Scale for an Optimized Optical Response of Al_x(ZnO)_1-xNanostructures

We report the systematic changes of nano-scaled features and optical properties in a promising transparent oxide material, namely, Alx (x = 0, 1, 2 and 5%) doped ZnO1-x (AZO). Electron microscopy investigations revealed the alterations at lattice scale depending on the presence of Al-content in ZnO nanostructures. Lattice spacings of 0.26 and 0.28 nm oriented along the (0002) and (10 0) planes, respectively, were attributed to euhedral-and facetted-structures of hexagonal-ZnO. The AZO samples were further characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-vis spectrophotometry, Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence studies. It has been shown that at a dopant concentration of 2%Al in ZnO, an optimal balance could be achieved between microstructure and optical properties.

Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanostructure by Chemical Spray Pyrolysis Method

Zinc Oxide （ZnO） nanostructure were synthesized by precipitating Zinc Chloride and analyzed structurally and optically. Samples were prepared at different thickness （62, 66, 74, 86, 92, and 110 nm）, and substrate temperature kept at 400 ℃ in all cases. Compressed Nitrogen was used as a cartier gas. The samples of the ZnO films were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, and atomic force microscopy （AFM）. The XRD results indicated that the synthesized ZnO thin films have a pure wurtzite （hexagonal phase） structure. It can be seen that the highest texture coefficient was in （002） plan for nanostructure films. AFM measurement showed the grain size ranging from 62-86 nm. The optical band gap energy （Ee,） of ZnO nanostructure have two values for the same sample and the Eg decrease with increasing thickness utilizing the optical data using UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

Structural,Morphological and Electrical Properties of In-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanostructure Thin Films Grown on p-Type Gallium Nitride by Simultaneous Radio-Frequency Direct-Current Magnetron Co-Sputtering

Zinc oxide （ZnO） is one of the most promising and frequently used semiconductor materials. In-doped nanos- tructure ZnO thin films are grown on p-type gallium nitride substrates by employing the simultaneous rf and dc magnetron co-sputtering technique. The effect of In-doping on structural, morphological and electrical properties is studied. The different dopant concentrations are accomplished by varying the direct current power of the In target while keeping the fixed radio frequency power of the ZnO target through the co-sputtering deposition technique by using argon as the sputtering gas at ambient temperature. The structural analysis confirms that all the grown thin films preferentially orientate along the c-axis with the wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure without having any kind of In oxide phases. The presenting Zn, 0 and In elements＇ chemical compositions are identified with EDX mapping analysis of the deposited thin films and the calculated M ratio has been found to decrease with the increasing In power. The surface topographies of the grown thin films are examined with the atomic force microscope technique. The obtained results reveal that the grown film roughness increases with the In power. The Hall measurements ascertain that all the grown films have n-type conductivity and also the other electrical parameters such as resistivity,mobility and carrier concentration are analyzed.