Effect of Co particles combined with rotating magnetic field on microstructure and properties of Sn35Bi/Cu joint

By means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis,uni-versal testing machine and wetting furnace,the effects of Co particles and rotating magnetic field on the microstructure and properties of Sn35Bi/Cu joint are investigated.The results show that after combined treatment,the formation of fine CoSn2 particles in the weld can ef-fectively refine the weld microstructure of Sn35Bi/Cu,reduce the thickness of intermetallic compounds(IMCs)layer,improve the wettabil-ity of the filler metal and increase the shear strength of the joint.After combined treatment,the shear strength of Sn35Bi-Co/Cu joint is up to 56 MPa when Co content is 0.9 wt.%,which is 76%higher than that of Sn35Bi/Cu joint under conventional conditions,and the wetting angle of the composite filler metal is 19.1°when Co content is 0.6 wt.%,which is 40%lower than that of the conventional Sn35Bi filler metal.

Preparation and particle size characterization of Cu nanoparticles prepared by anodic arc plasma

Copper nanoparticles were successfully prepared in large scale by means of anodic arc discharging plasma method in inert atmosphere. The particle size, specific surface area, crystal structure, and morphology of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, BET equation, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, and the corresponding selected area electron diffraction （SAED）. The experimental results indicate that the crystal structure of the samples is fcc structure the same as that of the bulk materials. The specific surface area is 11 m^2/g, the particle size distribution is 30 to 90 nm, and the average particle size is about 67 nm obtained from TEM and confirmed from XRD and BET results. The nanoparticles with uniform size, high purity, narrow size distribution and spherical shape can be prepared by this convenient and effective method.

Physical Simulation and Experimental Examination of ε-Cu Particles Dissolution Evolution During Welding of Copper Precipitation Strengthening Steel

The kinetics of ε-Cu particles dissolution in the matrix during welding of a copper-precipitation strengthening steel was determined by a combination of GleebleTM physical simulation, TEM examination and hardness meas urement. The ε-Cu particles underwent a coarsening and part dissolution and then complete dissolution reaction as the peak temperature increased from 750 to 1 000℃, which resulted in the decrease in the number density of ε-Cu particles and hardness in the heat affected zone （HAZ）. The results can be used to understand the evolution of this transformation and a softening behavior of the HAZ during welding of this type of steel.

Rapid pressure-assisted sinter bonding in air using 200 nm Cu particles and enhancement of bonding strength by successive pressureless annealing

To design an effective and realistically applicable sinter bonding process for power devices,we proposed a two-step process using a 200 nm Cu-particle-based paste to form a bondline having high-temperature sustainability and superior thermal conductance.This process involved rapid pressure-assisted sinter bonding in air followed by pressureless annealing in a nitrogen atmosphere.In the case of a paste prepared with a mixture of 20 wt.%malic acid and 80 wt.%ethylene glycol,sinter bonding at 300℃and 5 MPa for only 30 s resulted in a sufficient shear strength of 23.1 MPa.The shear strength was significantly enhanced to 69.6 MPa by the additional pressureless aging for 30 min.Therefore,the two-step sinter bonding process is expected to provide an outstanding production rate as a next-generation sinter bonding process.

Some insight on the structure/activity relationship of metal nanoparticles in Cu/SiO2 catalysts

The activity of two Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared by the chemisorption hydrolysis technique has been tested in the hydrogenation reaction of 3-methyl-cyclohexanone. Both catalysts were found to be very active at 60 ℃ and 1 atm of H2. Characterization of the materials by FT-IR of adsorbed CO and TEM put in light the presence of well formed Cu cristallites. By assuming a cuboctahedral model we could show that the hydrogenation activity is linked to high coordination sites on the metal particle. A comparison is also reported with a sample prepared by ammonia evaporation that was found to be inactive in the hydrogenation reaction under the same experimental conditions.

Properties of Dispersion Casting of Y2O3 Particles in Hypo,Hyper and Eutectic Binary Al-Cu Alloys

In the present work,the dispersion casting of Y-2O-3 particles in aluminum-copper alloy was investigated in terms of microstructural changes with respect to Cu contents of 20 （hypo）,33 （eutectic） and 40 （hyper） wt pct by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）.For the fabrication of Al-Cu alloy dispersed Y-2O-3 ceramic particles,stir casting method was employed.In case of Al-20 wt pct Cu alloy （hypoeutectic）,SEM images revealed that primary Al was grown up in the beginning.After that,eutectic phase with well dispersed ceramic particles was formed.In case of eutectic composition,Y-2O-3 particles were uniformly dispersed in the matrix.When the Cu is added into Al up to 40 wt pct （hypereutectic）,primary phase was grown up without any Y-2O-3 ceramic particles in the early stage of solidification.Thereafter, eutectic phase was formed with well dispersed ceramic particles.It can be concluded that Y-2O-3 ceramic particles is mostly dispersed in case of eutectic composition in Al-Cu alloy.

Microstructure and mechanical properties of SiC-particle-strengthening tri-metal Al/Cu/Ni composite produced by accumulative roll bonding process

In this study, a multilayer Al/Ni/Cu composite reinforced with Si C particles was produced using an accumulative roll bonding(ARB) process with different cycles. The microstructure and mechanical properties of this composite were investigated using optical and scanning microscopy and hardness and tensile testing. The results show that by increasing the applied strain, the Al/Ni/Cu multilayer composite converted from layer features to near a particle-strengthening characteristic. After the fifth ARB cycle, a composite with a uniform distribution of reinforcements(Cu, Ni, and SiC) was fabricated. The tensile strength of the composite increased from the initial sandwich structure to the first ARB cycle and then decreased from the first to the third ARB cycle. Upon reaching five ARB cycles, the tensile strength of the composite increased again. The variation in the elongation of the composite exhibited a tendency similar to that of its tensile strength. It is observed that with increasing strain, the microhardness values of the Al, Cu, and Ni layers increased, and that the dominant fracture mechanisms of Al and Cu were dimple formation and ductile fracture. In contrast, brittle fracture in specific plains was the main characteristic of Ni fractures.

Effect of particle size distribution on the microstructure,texture,and mechanical properties of Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloy

The effect of particle size distribution on the microstructure,texture,and mechanical properties of Al–Mg–Si–Cu alloy was investigated on the basis of the mechanical properties,microstructure,and texture of the alloy.The results show that the particle size distribution influences the microstructure and the final mechanical properties but only slightly influences the recrystallization texture.After the pre-aging treatment and natural aging treatment(T4 P treatment),in contrast to the sheet with a uniform particle size distribution,the sheet with a bimodal particle size distribution of large constituent particles and small dispersoids exhibits higher strength and a somewhat lower plastic strain ratio(r) and strain hardening exponent(n).After solution treatment,the sheet with a bimodal particle size distribution of large constituent particles and small dispersoids possesses a finer and slightly elongated grain structure compared with the sheet with a uniform particle size distribution.Additionally,they possess almost identical weak recrystallization textures,and their textures are dominated by CubeND {001}<310> and P {011}<122> orientations.

Sc对Al-8.5Zn-2.3Mg-2.4Cu合金组织与性能的影响

研究了Sc对Al-8.5Zn-2.3Mg-2.4Cu合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:Al-Zn-Mg-Cu铸态合金中添加Sc后,合金晶粒尺寸明显减小;Sc含量(质量分数)由0增加至0.4%时,合金晶粒尺寸由107.7μm减小至49.96μm,硬度由116.8HV增加至130.2HV。经大变形量热轧处理后进行470℃×1 h固溶处理发现,相较未添加Sc的合金,含Sc合金位错密度增大;添加0.4%Sc的合金再结晶率由92.4%降低至45.7%,合金的再结晶行为受到抑制。经120℃×24 h时效处理后,添加0.4%Sc的Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金中观察到大量弥散分布的圆球状Al_(3)Sc粒子和短棒状η′(MgZn_(2))粒子,通过绘制与α(Al)共格或半共格的Al_(3)Sc-MgZn_(2)晶体结构模型,可推测出Al_(3)Sc粒子为η′(MgZn_(2))相提供异质形核位点,促进其形核,对合金时效析出强化有促进作用。

Influence of Mean Particle Size on Magnetic Properties of Sm （ Co0.72Fe0. 15 Cu0. 1Zr0. 03 ）7.5 Sintered Magnets

The influence of mean particle size on magnetic properties ofSm （ Co0.72Fe0. 15 Cu0. 1Zr0. 03 ） 7.5 sintered magnets, prepared by the conventional powder metallurgy method, was studied. With increasing ballmilling time, mean particle size decreases, specific surface increases, and sintering temperature decreases. The optimum sintering temperature of powders fabricated by baH-milling for 5, 7, 9 and 11 h are 1225, 1225, 1215 and 1215℃ respectively. The optimum value of Br, （BH）max, Hob and Hci of Sm （ Co0.72Fe0. 15 Cu0. 1Zr0. 03 ） 7.5 sintered magnets with powders ball-milling for 9 h and sintering at 1215 ℃ can reach 0.94 T, 708.4 kA·m^-1, 171.9 kJ·m^-3 and 2276.6 kA·m^-1 respectively, and the irreversible flux loss is less than 5 % after the sample ageing at 550 ℃ for 2 h, so the temperature stability improves and the magnets may be expected to be applied in the circumstances of 550 ℃.

Diamond Particles Deposited among Nickel/Copper Particles in Energy Controlled CH₄/H₂RF Discharge Plasmas

Formation of diamond particles was investigated in an energy-controlled CH4/H2 radio-frequency (RF) discharge plasma. Here, in particular, it was examined how diamond particles grew on a nickel substrate under an influence of Cu vapor that was supplied from a heated Cu wire. Here, the plasma was generated by a hollow-magnetron-type (HMT) RF plasma source at the frequency of 13.56 MHz. Total pressure was kept at 100 mTorr. Diamond particles grew besides Ni and Cu particles. From Raman spectrum the substrate surface was covered with thin graphite film deposited as a background layer. It was shown that diamond could grow in a self-organized manner even when the other atomic gas species such as Ni and Cu were contained in the gas at the same time during the growth process.

HfO_(2)掺杂对湿化学法制备W-20Cu复合材料微观组织和性能的影响

采用湿化学法制备W-20Cu复合粉体,通过喷雾干燥法得到球壳状前驱体,再通过氢气还原成功将弥散分布的HfO_(2)第二相颗粒引入W-20Cu复合粉体,确定了引入的HfO_(2)在W-20Cu复合粉体中的存在形式以及分布状态。采用高温液相烧结制备了细小HfO_(2)颗粒均匀分布的W-20Cu复合材料。结果表明:由于HfO_(2)颗粒在W颗粒表面和W/Cu界面间隙中弥散分布,抑制了W颗粒在烧结过程中的粗化,从而降低了W-W的连通性,使得W-20Cu复合材料表现出较高的综合性能。其中,烧结温度在1350℃时,块体的致密度较高,均为97%,掺杂0.5%HfO_(2)制备得到的复合材料综合性能最佳,其硬度最大可达到338HV,抗弯强度为826 MPa,热导率为209 W/(m·K)。

Cu^(2+)污染原状黄土的物化及结构特性

为制定环境保护和土壤污染防治和修复策略,以及为污染场地工程建设提供理论支撑,该文研究了Cu^(2+)对原状黄土物化特性及结构特性的影响。通过制备不同掺量的Cu^(2+)污染黄土试样,进行了粒径分布、CaCO_(3)含量和pH值的测定。利用扫描电镜和激光粒度仪获得试样的SEM图像和粉粒各粒径含量,并借助分形理论深入分析了Cu^(2+)对原状黄土微观结构的影响机理。对Cu^(2+)污染的原状黄土试样进行了压缩试验,并对试样的综合结构势进行了分析。结果表明,随着Cu^(2+)掺量的增大,黏粒含量表现为先增后减,再增再减的趋势,粉粒含量则表现为先减后增,再减再增,砂粒含量保持不变;CaCO_(3)的含量呈线性减小;pH值先迅速减小,后保持不变;污染黄土试样的综合结构势先增大后减小,之后再增大再减小。总体而言,重金属Cu^(2+)的掺入,导致土壤pH值降低,主要胶结物质碳酸钙被溶解,而又因黏粒之间的静电引力和范德华力,黏粒聚集体的形态和成分发生变化,从而影响了土体的密实度和结构强度。

BN/Cu复合材料摩擦磨损性能与磨损机制研究

通过直流辅助热压烧结制备了氮化硼(BN)颗粒添加量为0.4%~1.2%(质量分数)的BN/Cu复合材料,采用立式销盘摩擦磨损试验机对其进行耐磨性检测,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征材料磨损前后的表面形貌,同时分析了BN颗粒添加量对复合材料物理性能和摩擦磨损性能的影响。研究结果表明:直流辅助热压烧结制备的复合材料致密度均可达到96%以上,导电率可达80%IACS以上。添加适量的BN颗粒,可以极大提升复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。当BN颗粒的添加量为0.8%时,由于摩擦过程中有润滑膜产生,复合材料的摩擦系数最为稳定,且摩擦磨损性能较为优异,主要由磨粒磨损和轻微的黏着磨损共同作用。

不同Cu含量的Cu(X)/SSZ-13分子筛催化剂同时消除炭烟和NO_(x)的性能研究

柴油机由于其较强的动力性与耐久性等优势,已经广泛应用于运输、农业、建筑等重工业领域。然而,柴油机排放的尾气污染物,如炭烟颗粒和氮氧化物(NO_(x)),严重危害人们的健康和生活环境。因此,消除柴油机尾气中的炭烟颗粒和氮氧化物已成为一项重要的研究课题。通过控制原料中CuSO_(4)的添加量,采用一锅法合成了含有不同Cu含量的Cu(X)/SSZ-13分子筛催化剂。通过XRD、N_(2)吸附-脱附、SEM、H_(2)-TPR、NO-TPO、NH_(3)-TPD、Soot-TPR等表征手段,研究了制备的Cu(X)/SSZ-13分子筛催化剂的形貌和物理化学性质,并测试了所合成的催化剂在同时消除炭烟和NO_(x)方面的活性。结果表明,不同Cu含量的Cu(X)/SSZ-13分子筛在同时消除炭烟和NO_(x)方面的活性存在明显差异,Cu含量还会影响Cu(X)/SSZ-13分子筛的形貌、比表面积和氧化还原性能。当Cu含量为1.25时,制备的Cu(1.25)/SSZ-13催化剂表现出最佳的催化性能,其在153~427℃温度范围的NO转化率超过90%,炭烟燃烧的峰值温度(T_(m))为504℃。

The effects of pressure, temperature, and depth/diameter ratio on the microvia filling performance of Ag-coated Cu micro-nanoparticles for advanced electronic packaging

Conductive fillers made from metal nanoparticles offer many advan-tages for the fabrication of a variety of electronic devices,but when they have a porous structure,their poor conductivity limits their adoption in many applications.In this study,an Ag-coated Cu micro-nanoparticle paste is used to achieve compact filling of blind vias on flexible copper clad polyimide laminates through a multistep filling and sintering tech-nique.The filled blind vias achieve a resistivity as low as 6.2μΩ·cm,which is comparable that of electroplated blind vias.Higher sintering pressure and temperature promote the filling performance,while the conductivity deteriorates at a via depth/diameter ratio greater than 1:1.Finite element simulations reveal a stress inhomogeneity in vias with large depth/diameter ratios,which is the key to understanding the evolution of the conductive properties of a paste-filled via.This study provides an effective method for high-performance microvia filling as well as insights into the mechanism that influences its performance.

改进共沉淀法制Cu基甲醇催化剂

采用传统共沉淀法和加表面活性剂改进共沉淀法制备了两种超细 Cu/ Zn O/ Al2 O3 催化剂 ,并应用 XRD,TEM对催化剂的结构和形貌进行了表征 ,同时用流动固定床微型反应器在3.0 MPa和体积空速 760 0 h-1下考察了其催化合成气合成甲醇的活性 .结果表明 ,改进共沉淀法制备的超细 Cu/ Zn O/ Al2 O3 催化剂具有比传统共沉淀法制备的催化剂更细的粒径和更高的催化活性 .同时从理论上对表面活性剂的作用机制进行了讨论 .

电爆炸一步法制备Cu—Zn合金超细微粉

利用电爆炸方法以Ｃｕ６０．２Ｚｎ３９．８石合金（α相）丝为原料一步制备出该合金的超细微粉Ｘ射线衍射测量结果表明，获得的合金超细微粉的晶体结构中主要是α相，并伴有β，γ和ε相，用透射电镜观察到粒子形貌大部分呈六边形，少量为正方形及球形粒子尺寸在３０到１８０ｎｍ之间（平均尺寸为８５ｎｍ）．ＥＤＸ测试表明，电爆炸产物Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ合金不同粒子中Ｚｎ的含量在６．９％到４５．２％（原子分数）之间变化，提出了超细微粉的形成机制．

石墨粒度对Cu-Fe基摩擦材料性能的影响

采用 MM- 10 0 0型摩擦磨损试验机研究了石墨粒度对 Cu- Fe基摩擦材料性能的影响 .研究结果表明 :随着石墨粒度的细化 ,材料的硬度提高而强度降低 ;材料及偶件的磨损增大 ;此外 ,石墨粒度对 Cu-

内氧化法制备Al_2O_3/Cu复合材料

Al2O3/Cu复合材料不仅具有和纯铜一样优良的导电、导热性能,而且由于弥散强化的作用使其拥有高的硬度和强度,特别是优越的高温强度,从而使其成为越来越重要的工程材料之一。论述了Al2O3/Cu复合材料的强化机理及Cu-Al合金的内氧化机理,重点阐述丁内氧化过程中Al2O3颗粒的形核、长大和粗化,并采用内氧化法制备了性能优越的Al2O3/Cu复合材料。