Study on Anti-infection Effect of Polysaccharide from Agaricus blazei Murrill on Mice

In order to study the anti-infection effect of phoshporylated Agaricus blazei polysaccharide on mice, mice were drenched phoshporylated A. blazei polysaccharide for 14 d, and an A. blazei polysaccharide control group and a blank control group were also set. The mice in all the three groups were infected with Escherichia coli on the 15 th day and the 29 th day of the experiment, the body weight of the mice in each group was recorded, as well as the spleen index on the 29 th day of infection and the 36 th day of the experiment, and the anti- E. coli titer in serum was also detected. The results showed that phoshporylated A. blazei polysaccharide could promote and maintain the development of spleen, and improve the immune response of organisms, thereby resisting bacterial infection. Furthermore, phoshporylated A. blazei polysaccharide has better immunoregulation and anti-infection effects than A. blazei polysaccharide, and could play an important role in veterinary clinical treatment and prevention and control of diseases as a immunologic adjuvant or immunopotentiator.

Effects of Agaricus blazei Murill Polysaccharides on Leadinduced Disturbance of Morphology and ASIC1a and ASIC2b Gene Expression in Hippocampus of Rats

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of Agaricus blazei murill polysaccharides on morphology of hippocampus tissue and expression of ASIC1a and ASIC2b mRNA in lead-poisoning rats.Forty SD rats were divided into five groups：control group,lead group,experimental group 1,2,3.After 60d of treatments,hippocampus tissues were observed by HE staining and the expression levels of ASIC1a and ASIC2b mRNA were determined by the flouoreescent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（FQRT-PCR）.The results showed that after lead induction,the number of hippocampus neuron increased,cell gap increased,the chromatin was stained lightly;after administration of ABMP,the number of the hippocampus neuron increased as the dose of ABMP rose,cell gap decreased,the chromatin was stained darkly.The expression level of ASIC1a mRNA in hippocampus of rats in ABMP group decreased extremely significantly compared with that in the model group（P〈0.01）.Lead exposure and ABMP exhibited no significant effects on the expression level of ASIC2b mRNA.ABMP possesses a protective effect on nervous system of rats exposed to lead by combining with lead.

Study on Anti-infection Effect of Polysaccharide from Agaricus blazei Murrill on Chickens

In order to study the anti-bacterial infection effect of polysaccharide from Agaricus blazei Murrill on chickens, the experimental groups were orally administrated A. blazei polysaccharide at low dose and high dose, respectively, for 14 d continuously, and then, the chickens in various groups were infected with Escherichia coli or Pasteurella pneumotropica , so as to observe the clinical symptoms of chickens and record the change in body weight. Anatomy was performed 14 d later, and the organ indices were determined, so as to study the anti-bacterial infection effect of A. blazei polysaccharide on chickens. The results showed that after bacterial infection, the high-dose A. blazei polysaccharide group was significantly differed from other groups in changes of body weight and organ indices. It indicates that oral administration of high concentration of A. blazei polysaccharide could promote the development of poultry organs, thereby improving the immunity of organisms.

姬松茸(Agaricus blazei Murill)生理活性物质的研究进展

回顾了姬松茸的研究历史 ,并对姬松茸多糖、凝集素、甾醇类物质、核酸。

巴西蘑菇Agaricus blazei Murill水溶性多糖部分理化性质的研究

本文以物理及化学方法研究了巴西蘑菇AgaricusblazeiMurill水溶性多糖AB-I、AB-II-b和AB-III-b的理化性质,结果表明,3种经纯化的多糖都不含糖醛酸而含蛋白质,蛋白质含量分别为AB-I:20.1%、AB-II-b:16.3%、AB-III-b:25.6%。它们的比旋度分别为AB-I:+44.33°、AB-II-b;+3.70°、AB-III-b:+5.04°。AB-I、AB-II-b的1.0%水溶液均具有良好的增稠性,其粘度具有很好的抗盐浓度、耐热和对广泛pH的稳定性能。

巴西蘑菇Agaricus blazei Murill水溶性多糖的分离纯化

从巴西蘑菇子实体中提取的水溶性粗多糖经过脱蛋白、脱色等步骤获得半纯品多糖。依次采用DE AE 纤维素和SepharoseCL 4B柱层析进一步纯化后 ,获得 5种水溶性多糖组分。其中主要组分AB I、AB II b和AB III b得率分别为 3.3%、1.5 2 %、0 .85 %。SephadexG 10 0凝胶层析、旋光度和HPLC鉴定各组分已达到层析纯。

Research of Submerge Fermentation Conditions on <i>Agaricus blazei</i>Murill

Rotational speed, temperature, inoculation amount and pH are the four factors that affect the submerge fermentation of Agaricus blazei Murill. The orthogonal experiment was on the basis of single factor experiments. And the optimal submerge fermentation condition of Agaricus blazei Murill was determined through orthogonal test. The results were as follows: temperature (25℃), rotational speed (150 r/min), inoculation amount (6%) and pH (7), in this condition the cell dry weight reached 1.32 g/100mL;temperature (25℃), rotational speed (150 r/min), inoculation amount (8%) and pH (6.5) in this condition the extracellular polysaccharide reached 6.95 mg/mL.

食用菌姬松茸多糖的分离纯化及结构分析

采用热水煮提、乙醇沉淀和离子交换-凝胶组合柱层析的方法,从食用菌姬松茸中提取分离纯化出了两种电荷和相对分子质量分布均一的姬松茸多糖级分WABM-N-a和WABM-A-b,对两种均一级分的结构进行了研究.结果表明:WABM-N-a级分以1,6-Galp构成主链骨架结构,同时存在较多的1,6-Glcp 1,3-Fucp结构和少量的1,4-Glcp,1,3-Glcp结构连接在Gal的O-3和/或O-4位上,且侧链上的Glc在O-3位上存在少量的分支.WABM-A-b级分为1,6-Glcp连接的葡聚糖结构,Glc在O-2,O-3和/或O-4位上可能均有分支,侧链结构可能为1,3-Glcp,1,4-Glcp,T-Glcp和1,6-Galp.

响应面法优化超声辅助提取姬菇多糖及其体外抗氧化性

采用超声波辅助提取法从姬菇中提取多糖,以提取率为指标,首先通过单因素实验考察了液料比、提取温度、提取时间和超声波功率对提取率的影响,然后设计响应面试验对姬菇多糖最优提取工艺参数进行优化。结果表明,姬菇在料液比30 g/g、提取温度75℃的条件下,采用500 W功率超声波辅助提取80 min,姬菇多糖的提取率最高可达16.38%。将提取后的姬菇粗多糖TCA脱蛋白、双氧水脱色和透析后得到纯化的精多糖,两种多糖具有一定的清除羟基自由基和ABTS+自由基能力,但是精多糖的抗氧化活性低于粗多糖,且二者的抗氧化活性均低于维生素C。因此,姬菇多糖的纯化对其抗氧化性有显著性影响,纯度越高,抗氧化性越小。

姬松茸粗多糖防治烟草花叶病毒病

烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)是导致茄科(Solanaceae)作物减产的重大因素,为探寻防治烟草花叶病的食用菌源多糖材料,采用半叶法、五点注射试验和系统寄主侵染活性评价测定6种粗多糖对TMV的防治效果。结果表明:姬松茸(Agaricus blazei)粗多糖提取率最高,可达24.32%,其次是平菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)为18.56%,最低为杏鲍菇(Pleurotus eryngii)10.04%。总糖含量中,姬松茸总糖明显高于其他种类,达到37.71%,其次是桑黄(Phellinus igniarius)和灵芝(Ganoderma lucidum),总糖含量均超过32.00%,此外姬松茸粗多糖的硫酸基含量高达2.10%。半叶法测定6种粗多糖对TMV的防治效果,结果显示,多糖喷施48 h后对接种病毒能达到较好的预防效果,其中云芝粗多糖、姬松茸粗多糖、平菇粗多糖的预防效果均达到60.00%以上。尤其是24 mg/mL姬松茸粗多糖的预防效果达92.04%,叶片的枯斑数目明显少于清水对照组。在五点注射试验中,姬松茸粗多糖处理的荧光斑点亮度弱于对照组,同时新叶上未出现荧光点,抑制率达38.18%,在病毒侵入前期姬松茸粗多糖有抑制作用,能够延缓TMV的移动速度,减慢系统侵入进程。在系统寄主NC-89上,姬松茸粗多糖对TMV的防治效果高达76.81%,效果优于0.5%香菇多糖水剂和1.8%辛菌胺醋酸盐水剂处理组,当姬松茸粗多糖浓度为48 mg/mL时植株出现损伤,多糖浓度过高在植株表面形成沉淀,引起植株黄化。大田试验显示,姬松茸粗多糖对TMV的治疗效果为70.31%,对叶片扭曲、蜷缩、停止生长的植株有明显改善。同时对TMV有一定的抑制作用,喷施姬松茸粗多糖的烟草发病时间延后,烟草长势良好,叶片伸展。本研究结果为进一步研究真菌多糖防治烟草花叶病毒的作用方式和机制奠定基础,对绿色防控作物TMV有一定的理论意义和实际意义。

姬松茸多糖组成结构及提取技术研究进展

概述了姬松茸多糖的组成结构及功能特性,列举和比较了多糖提取技术的研究实例及各提取方法的特点,指出了当前姬松茸多糖研究存在基础研究不系统、工艺条件不成熟、设备设施不完善、专种专用程度不高等问题,并对姬松茸多糖研究方向进行了展望。

Agaricus blazei Murill polysaccharides alleviate oxidative stress and inflammatory responses against liver and lung injury

As a kind of well-known edible mushroom,the medicinal values of Agaricus blazei Murill also have been well acknowledged.There is no efficient treatment strategy for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) so far,a crucial cause of clinical death.The present work was designed to evaluate the beneficially protective effects of Agaricus blazei Murill polysaccharides (ABMP) on liver and lung against zymosan (ZY)-induced MODS related damages.The MODS mice were successfully established by given one-time injection of zymosan solution (500 mg/kg) intraperitoneally.The in vivo results demonstrated that ABMP could improve the 10-day survival rate,ease abnormal physiological behavior and alleviate tissues oxidative stress in MODS mice.Besides,ABMP showed potential effects on attenuating the functional impairments of liver and lung.Meanwhile,ABMP effectively inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway and reduced the expressions of inflammatory cytokines,including TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,COX-2 and PGE-2.Additionally,the structural characterizations showed that the significant function of ABMP was possibly related with the β-pyranose configuration with a triple-helical structure composing of glucose mainly with the proper molecular weights of 12.26 kDa.These findings demonstrated that ABMP exhibited potential protections against liver and lung damages in the ZY-induced MODS mice,providing more theoretical basis and reference significance for the exploration of biological activity of A.blazei Murill.

姬松茸子实体多糖提取方法的研究

本文进行了姬松茸多糖子实体粉末水提、醇沉时的一些单因素试验和正交试验。最终得出了最优工艺条件:微波处理10min;料水比:1:30;浸提温度120℃;浸提时间3h;3倍乙醇加量沉淀6h,多糖提取得率可达9.12%。

^(60)Co辐射诱变对巴氏蘑菇(姬松茸)子实体多糖组分与结构变化的影响

巴氏蘑菇(姬松茸)原菌株J1和辐射突变株J3子实体粗多糖经水提、醇沉、Sevage法去除蛋白,透析得精多糖ABJ-1和ABJ-3;经紫外扫描和凝胶色谱法检测表明,ABJ-1和ABJ-3均具有较高的纯度。以苯酚-硫酸法测得了ABJ-1和ABJ-3的糖含量分别为47%和76.68%,凯氏定氮法测定其含氮量分别为5.77%和21%。,以凝胶过滤法测定了其分子量均在4万左右。完全酸水解后气相色谱分析显示ABJ-1含有甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖等单糖,ABJ-3含有大量的甘露糖及少量的葡萄糖等单糖。红外光谱和Smith降解后气相色谱分析显示ABJ-1和ABJ-3糖基连接键均以a,1-4糖苷键为主。

姬松茸液体深层发酵培养条件的研究

以姬松茸深层发酵菌丝体中的主要活性物质粗多糖的产量为评价指标,对姬松茸液体深层发酵培养的条件进行了研究,分别考察了碳源、氮源、碳源配比、氮源配比、微量元素、装液量、培养温度、pH值、培养时间对姬松茸液体深层发酵的影响.结果表明,在消前pH自然、500 mL锥形瓶装液量80 mL、培养温度25℃、转速200 r/min的条件下培养10 d,姬松茸的发酵培养效果最佳,胞内多糖产量可达7.028 mg/mL.

姬松茸多糖增强免疫作用及急性毒性研究

目的:研究姬松茸多糖对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用及急性毒性作用。方法:通过观察姬松茸多糖对小鼠免疫器官的影响及对网状内皮系统廓清血流中惰性碳粒能力的影响,分析姬松茸多糖对哺乳动物的免疫调节作用;采用改进寇氏法研究姬松茸多糖的急性毒性。结果:1)姬松茸多糖(77~150 mg/kg,灌胃,连续7 d)能促进小鼠胸腺和脾脏的增殖,120 mg/kg的姬松茸多糖能使幼鼠胸腺增长13.1%,脾脏增长8.5%,使成年鼠胸腺增长4.0%,脾脏增长18.3%;150 mg/kg姬松茸多糖使小鼠碳粒吞噬指数提高21.7%,吞噬系数增加11.8%,表明姬松茸多糖对小鼠的免疫功能有促进作用。2)静脉注射姬松茸多糖的LD50为840.8 mg/kg,相当于成人一次静脉注射6.5 g,2周后存活小鼠体质量平均增长61.1%;灌胃给予姬松茸多糖15.0 g/kg,小鼠无一死亡,仅出现轻微的不适,该剂量相当于成人一日摄入115.4 g姬松茸多糖,相当于食入姬松茸881~1 265 g。结论:姬松茸多糖能增强小鼠的免疫调节功能,且急性毒性甚微。

姬松茸多糖中β-葡聚糖含量的酶法测定

探讨了酶法测定姬松茸多糖中 β 葡聚糖含量的方法 ,测得它的 β 葡聚糖含量在 3 7%～3 9%之间 ,标样的平均回收率为 86.8%。实验结果表明 ,此方法灵敏度高 ,测定结果可靠。

姬松茸多糖的分离纯化及其对白血病细胞的抑制作用

姬松茸子实体经热水提取 ,乙醇沉淀 ,DEAE -纤维素和SephadexG 2 0 0柱分离纯化 ,得ABP Ⅱ α和ABP Ⅱ β两种纯多糖。研究了两种多糖对体外人白血病细胞的抗癌作用 .结果表明 ,两种多糖对人白血病细胞均有不同程度的抑制作用 ,并与作用时间和作用剂量呈正相关 .

微波萃取技术在姬松茸多糖提取中的应用

采用微波萃取技术对经过超临界CO2流体脱脂处理的姬松茸进行多糖的提取,经正交试验分析确定最佳工艺条件为微波功率600W,萃取时间6min,固液比为1:10,物料粒度0.147mm,粗多糖提取率为14.2%。

响应面法优化姬松茸多糖的提取工艺

本试验以姬松茸子实体为材料,研究了姬松茸多糖的提取工艺。在单因素实验的基础上,选定温度、时间和料液比三个因素的三个水平进行中心组合实验,建立多糖得率的二次回归方程,通过响应面分析及岭嵴分析得到优化组合条件。研究结果表明:当提取工艺条件为提取温度99.3℃,提取时间3.36 h,料液比1:19.82时,多糖得率达到极大值。该条件下多糖得率预测值为8.727%,验证值为8.718%。