Study on the Layout of 15-Minute Community-Life Circle in Third-Tier Cities Based on POI: Baoding City of Hebei Province

At present, the planning of 15-minute community-life circle is being actively promoted in China. Taking Baoding City as an example, the status quo of service facilities layout was analyzed based on the POI data. Using the spatial accessibility algorithm, the ranges of 15-minute life circle of more than 1000 communities in Baoding were determined. By calculating the up-to-standard rates of public service facilities in each district, it is found that the allocation of medical facilities and commercial facilities in urban community life circle is relatively perfect, but the allocation of public cultural facilities and pension facilities is obviously inadequate. Based on this, optimization suggestions on the layout of public service facilities in the 15-minute life circle were put forward from three aspects: facilities sharing, function mixing and population structure and activity characteristics differentiation. It not only provides data and technical support for the planning and construction of community life circle in Baoding city, but also provides referable examples and promotable models for the community planning of third-tier cities.

Delineation of an Urban Community Life Circle Based on a Machine-Learning Estimation of Spatiotemporal Behavioral Demand

Delineating life circles is an essential prerequisite for urban community life circle planning. Recent studies combined the environmental contexts with residents’ global positioning system(GPS) data to delineate the life circles. This method, however, is constrained by GPS data, and it can only be applied in the GPS surveyed communities. To address this limitation, this study developed a generalizable delineation method without the constraint of behavioral data. According to previous research, the community life circle consists of the walking-accessible range and internal structure. The core task to develop the generalizable method was to estimate the spatiotemporal behavioral demand for each plot of land to acquire the internal structure of the life circle, as the range can be delineated primarily based on environmental data. Therefore, behavioral demand estimation models were established through logistic regression and machine learning techniques, including decision trees and ensemble learning. The model with the lowest error rate was chosen as the final estimation model for each type of land. Finally, we used a community without GPS data as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the estimation models and delineation method. This article extends the existing literature by introducing spatiotemporal behavioral demand estimation models, which learn the relationships between environmental contexts, population composition and the existing delineated results based on GPS data to delineate the internal structure of the community life circle without employing behavioral data. Furthermore, the proposed method and delineation results also contributes to facilities adjustments and location selections in life circle planning, people-oriented transformation in urban planning, and activity space estimation of the population in evaluating and improving the urban policies.

Life circle and bionomics of Lymantria dispar L.

The life circle and bionomics ofLymantria dispar was studied from the May to the July of 1997 in Tulihe Forestry Enterprise of Inner Mongolia. The results showed thatL. dispar has one generation in a year, larvae overwinters in eggs, and last 50 days to grow up. From the completing of larvae period to the appearing of adults lasts 11 days. The study made a basis for the period forecasting of L.dispar in Inner Mongolia.

Management Innovation and Practice of Full Life Circle in Offshore Petroleum Exploration Target

Faced with the continued downturn of international oil price and increasing complexity of oil-gas geological conditions since 2013, CNOOC China Ltd., Zhanjiang has promoted management innovation of full life circle with the theme of “value to exploration-oriented”, establishing QC system of multiple-dimension exploration to make exploration target management standardized and institutionalized, putting forward new ideas, closed-loop management of “big data” in full life circle to make exploration target and decision flow informationized, generating comprehensive reserve method of exploration target optimization and quantifiable management mode of “probabilistic method” evaluated by experts, and establishing “optimal so-lution” to management decision model to manage optimal target combination to drill and bring about lean management of exploration deployment. All the management innovations and practices have been carried out in oilfields of western South China Sea successfully, with corporation’s exploration decision and deployment guided effectively, a great success of petroleum exploration, and remarkable economic as well as society benefits.

Renewal and Transformation of Old Urban Area of Medical Sage Temple in Nanyang City Based on the Concept of Life Circle

China’s urbanization level has reached a new stage.Urban development has changed from incremental expansion to inventory renewal.The demand of residents for a good living environment and compact living space is increasing.How to realize the intensive development of land based on human needs has become an urgent problem to be solved in urban development.Based on the planning concepts of inventory planning and life circle,this study made the renewal and transformation of old urban area of Medical Saint Temple in Nanyang City and analyzed the current spatial characteristic elements.Optimize the layout of public space in combination with residents’living needs,improve the functions and quality of urban areas,and build a healthy and sustainable development model to improve the living environment of the community and provide reference for the future urban renewal and transformation.

Study on the Constructing Strategies of Rural Life Circles in Chinese Metropolitan Areas

Based on the aims of“issues of agriculture”and“three highs”in the new era,the metropolitan rural areas are targeted under the trend of counterurbanization.It follows the theory of Social Space Building,Maslow's Theory of Demand,and the theory of Social Governance.It mainly explores rural constructing strategies on development and the life with clear governance integration,range,hierarchy and main function as well as completing the issues such as ecology,culture,industry,living environment and livelihood facilities.

The Relationship between the Trade Life Circle and the Takeover Type --The Inspection of the Efficiency of the Market for Corporate Control in China

According to the differences between operation and correlationship by both sides of the takeover in the market for corporate control, the takeover can be divided into three types--transverse takeover, longitudinal takeover and mixed takeover. Meanwhile, due to the activities of takeover taken by the companies in the different trade life circles adopting different takeover types, so their performances are different. Seeing about this relationship, you can effectively inspect the efficiency of the market for corporate control. Adopting298 stylebook data from the market for corporate control in China, and through empirical analyzing, it can see that because of the existing of the stock holding, the efficiency of the market for corporate control in China is not very high. The government tempts to adjust the industrial structure through merger and acquisition （M＆A）, but it urged the aim of state-owned economy forward strategic transfer difficult to come true. To solve the contradiction of ＂setting up of the stock holding＂ comes to no time to delay. ＇

A Valid Method for the Forecasting Economic Life Circle of Equipment

In this paper, the degrading regularities for quipment reliability and performance are discussed. Based on the isodegrading model, the characteristics of the cost and benefit in the equipment life circle are studied. Using the principle of getting maximum Net Annual Value(NAV), a valid method for forecasting economic life circle is proposed.

Identification and Optimisation of Cycling Life Circle in High Density Communities with Public Health Support: A Case Study of Tiantongyuan in Beijing

In recent years,the compact development of high-density cities has sparked ongoing interest in healthy urban environments and public well-being.This study examines the relationship between cycling behaviors and the built environment of streets in Tiantongyuan Community,a typical high-density area in Beijing,China.By observing street spaces and summarizing residents’travel modes and behaviors,the study evaluates the impact of street design on cycling habits.In order to reveal the riding behavior characteristics of residents in different time periods and different street spaces,tools such as track recording APPs and the Gopro Motion Camera are employed to collect street view pictures and riding track data comprehensively,analyzing the various travel purposes of residents in Tiantongyuan community and the riding OD activity tracks of the main entrances and exits of the community.Meanwhile,by conducting the questionnaire survey of residents’travel demands and OD data of Baidu,and utilizing geographic information system(GIS)for data visualization,this study further investigates the distribution characteristics of cycling hotspots,cycling paths and cycling space,accurately identifies the cycling life circle of this community based on the spatial and temporal scales,and further puts forward the optimization strategy of the cycling network.Some cycling-friendly street space optimization strategies are suggested to deeply analyze the mechanism of the built environment of street space in high-density communities on the cycling activities and health of urban residents,with a view to provide accurate data support for the renewal of street cycling space.

基于生活圈的城乡一体化防灾空间构建方法研究

为推进城市与乡村防灾减灾救灾能力同步提升,以生活圈理论为指导构建城乡一体的防灾空间布局,推动城乡防灾设施配置一体化发展。首先,该文按照中灾正常、大灾可控、巨灾可救的目标,明确应对不同水准灾害影响的防灾生活圈层级对应关系;其次,从“常态中心性”和“灾害危险性”两个维度出发建立各村镇单元的防灾重要性评价指标体系,由此确定城乡各级防灾中心节点。在此基础上,利用防灾中心地、服务半径法和泰森多边形等方法构建“基础—拓展—综合”三级防灾生活圈,以此为依托并结合不同圈域城乡防灾目标要求,按照分类分级和平灾结合原则对各级生活圈进行防灾设施一体化配置,并以某县为例进行实证分析,为我国城乡防灾减灾一体化建设提供参考。

基于生活圈理论的收缩型村镇公共服务设施配置研究--以黑龙江省肇源县为例

乡村人口收缩是城镇化进程持续推进的必然,为满足村镇居民不断提升的需求并避免人口收缩造成的资源浪费,亟待对村镇公共服务设施配置体系进行优化与重构。以黑龙江省肇源县为例,引入生活圈理论探讨收缩型村镇公共服务设施配置优化方法。首先基于对村镇收缩类型与强度的分类,结合居民出行意愿的时距转换调查,将肇源县村镇划分为“县域—扩展—基本—基础”四级动态半径生活圈。然后通过筛选与生活圈等级对应的公共服务中心,并依据相关规范及居民实际需求,确定各级公共服务中心配置的项目内容和优化建议。

问题驱动教学法在城市治理创新人才培养中的应用——以上海“15分钟社区生活圈”编制工作坊为例

城市治理作为国家治理的重要组成部分,增强城市治理体系和能力的现代化建设日趋重要。应对诸多治理瓶颈,培养具有治理理念、专业技能、行动能力的社会治理人才是优化治理效能的关键要义。针对城市治理人才培养中存在缺乏主动性、灵活性、时效性和协同性等问题,高校应打破专业边界,以政策创新者、社会设计者和专业行动者为城市治理人才培养目标。该文尝试从问题驱动教学法的特点和国内外实践出发,讨论其在增强学习主体主动性、教学内容时效性和培养方式协同性方面的积极作用。并以上海“15分钟社区生活圈”编制教学工作坊为例,讨论该教学法在城市社区治理相关课程中的应用实践,并评估教学成效及适用情境。

老城区社区生活圈测度及公共服务设施优化研究--以宜宾市为例

在我国城镇化的下半场,以人为本、存量规划和集约发展成为当下城市的主旋律,作为承载城市记忆的老城区社区生活圈亟待更新优化。以宜宾市老城组团为例,采用连锁网络模型和基于真实路网的设施可达性分析等方法,结合10大类公服设施POI数据、当地居民对设施的重要性评价数据,对研究区域进行了10分钟社区生活圈的测度探索,并在测度结果的基础上,以生活圈为视角提出了相应公服设施的优化及择址建议。研究结果表明:第一,宜宾老城共可划定出4个10分钟社区生活圈,平均用地规模较小于平原、省会、特大型城市;第二,4个生活圈整体都存在公园广场、社会福利、科教文化这3类设施数量较为欠缺及覆盖范围较小的共性问题;第三,各生活圈生活便利度差异明显,发展不均衡。未来宜侧重优化过渡区、边缘生活圈欠缺设施;第四,基于设施覆盖率及居民可达程度考虑,每个生活圈宜提供中心度前三的地块中心点作为10分钟层级设施的推荐设置点。

基于POI数据的15分钟生活圈空间测度评价研究——以长春市朝阳区为例

城市居民的社会公共服务资源和公共福利是15分钟生活圈的重要支撑,居民可以均等地享受到各种服务,是注重品质的城市发展之道。以长春市朝阳区划定的14个社区生活圈为研究对象,基于POI数据对公共服务设施的覆盖程度、覆盖率和便利程度进行空间测度评价;从14个社区生活圈公共服务设施空间分布差异的角度,分析中心城区生活圈发展状况、建设程度、公共服务设施布局。研究表明,中心城区发展状况较好、建设度高,公共服务设施布局均衡合理,边缘城区是未来努力发展的方向。通过总结归纳生活圈服务资源略匮乏和覆盖程度较低的区域,为其向高品质服务转型的社区生活圈实践研究奠定基础。

城郊型乡村社区老年人生活圈测度与界定——以德安县梅桥村、岳山垅村为例

乡村振兴战略背景下,城郊型村庄作为乡村社区的重要类型之一,公共服务设施布局及配置的适老化研究显得尤为必要。文章在梳理乡村老年人生活圈测度方法的基础上,以江西省德安县梅桥村、岳山垅村为例,采用调查问卷、现场踏勘、GIS、GPS等研究方法,对城郊型乡村社区老年人生活圈进行了实证测度,提出了包含邻里生活圈、日常生活圈和拓展生活圈等的圈层结构内容,以准确地刻画老年人日常性的活动轨迹、生活圈范围及相应的设施配置。

基于主客观评价的社区生活圈公共服务设施优化策略研究——以南宁市中心城区为例

社区生活圈已成为当前“以人为本”理念下城市更新实施和评价的重要工具。然而传统的社区生活圈规划主要基于公共服务设施覆盖率和可达性等空间绩效评价方法,较少关注居民的实际生活体验和需求。以广西壮族自治区南宁市中心城区为例,通过社区居民满意度调查,根据客观评价(设施服务水平)和主观评价(居民满意度)之间的相关性程度,将公共服务设施分为强相关、中等相关、弱相关和不相关4种类型;进而根据各类设施的相关性特征及潜在影响因素,结合典型社区生活圈实地调研,提出社区生活圈公共服务设施的分类优化策略,以期为全国其他城市提供可借鉴的经验。

兰州市主城区公共服务设施与居民需求匹配度分析

基于2022年兰州市主城区14类公共服务设施POI数据,采用核密度分析、加权叠加的空间分析方法,依据不同空间尺度的生活圈分析居民对公共服务设施需求度和现状设施完善度的匹配关系,研究结果表明:兰州市主城区公共服务设施呈现出东密西疏的带状分布特征,餐饮美食、购物消费、旅游景点等设施呈现出多中心聚集分布;部分区域居民需求度和设施完善度不匹配,主要是老旧小区修建时间早、人口密度大,存在居民需求度高但设施完善度低的情况;用地功能发生变化,如新建商圈周围设施相对完善,但居住小区较少,存在居民需求度低但设施完善度高的情况;可通过增设完善老旧小区周边设施、构建多中心公共服务设施聚集地等措施,促进各区生活服务水平趋向均等化发展。

多村整合与协同发展:华阴市五村实用性村庄规划探析

近年来实用性村庄规划在各地展开。本文通过华阴市五村实用性村庄规划实践,探讨在发掘、整合村庄自然人文资源的同时注重底线管控的规划设计方法。多村整合,一体化统筹,即整合自然人文资源,统筹五个村庄管理机制,建构乡村生活圈,形成互动发展的良好格局。自然生态,可持续发展,即坚持开发与保护并重,善用资源、空废利用,实现资源与环境的底线管控与优化提升。最终,在全要素管控下,保护与发展协调创新,实现“山水林田湖草”统一生命体的全面乡村振兴。

生活圈视角下河谷型城市生活便利度评价——以兰州市为例

城市公共服务设施配置直接影响城市居民生活幸福感。以兰州市中心城区为例,基于生活圈视角,运用层次分析法与网络数据模型构建方法,计算兰州市中心城区生活便利度指数,同时采用多尺度地理加权回归模型对其影响因素及空间异质性进行分析。结果表明:公共服务设施在各区总体呈现“中心良好,外围依次递减”的布局模式;从城市社区便利度指数来看,西固区的便利度指数最高,其次依次为七里河区、城关区和安宁区;GDP、建筑密度和距公交的最短距离是影响城市社区生活便利度的主要因素。研究为兰州市中心城区公共服务设施配置等专项规划提供科学依据,并为同类型城市提供借鉴。

基于多维评估的社区生活圈功能配置优化路径——以宁波市鄞州区为例

随着城市建设走向智慧化协同、精细化治理,生活圈建设成为研究热点,其全域化评估与建设引导方式值得探讨。基于宁波市鄞州区城镇社区建设专项规划编制实践,建立社区生活圈多维评估框架,通过开源大数据、管理数据、社区问卷与地图等多源数据分析,采用各类测度方式,从场景维度、人口维度、空间维度对社区建设现状进行定量与定性分析,发现鄞州新、老城区生活圈在居住环境、人群需求、设施功能、空间更新潜力等方面有差异。结合评估结果,提出社区生活圈功能配置优化路径,包括刚弹结合的特色化引导、人本导向的精细化配置、因地制宜的差异化布局模式。