Population Ageing and Sustainable Development Research in China

According to the United Nations population projections, the population of the elderly is expected to roughly triple in China from 2000 to 2050, particularly when the generations who were born between the 1950s and 1970s move through the age structure, and also because people are living longer and fertility rates have fallen, population aging is expected to put pressure on government's fiscal balance through higher old-age security benefits and health-care expenditures. This work draws together the broad range of elements involved within a consistent framework, based on a computable dynamic general equilibrium model with an overlapping generation structure. Further analysis using model simulation illustrates that the alternative schemes for the benefit rate, retirement age and technological progress are likely to be beneficial, and that an obvious slow-down in the growth of living standards is likely to be avoided.

Problems and countermeasures of sustainable development in Fujian Province in the new century

Fujian province is one of the coastal provinces with rapid economic growth after the reform and opening to the outside world. Being one of the two basic strategies of China in the new era, sustainable development plays a directive role in the coordinated development of socio-economy, natural resources and ecology of Fujian. This paper analyses some important issues influencing sustainable development in Fujian in the next 20 years, such as the sustainable development of economy, investment environment improving and further opening to the outside, urbanization and coordinated development of city system, rational exploitation of natural resources, environmental conservation and ecological rehabilitation, and narrowing intraprovincial gap. Corresponding countermeasures are put forward.

MAJOR PROBLEMS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ALONG THE BANK AREA OF THE CHANGJIANG RIVER

Developing the Changjiang(Yangtze) River and building a developed economic zone along the bank area of the Chanajiang River is a great strategic decision of the national macroeconomic development distribution. This decision has both given an impetus to fast development of the regional economy and exacerbated the contradiction among economy and resources and environment. In this paper, some major problems ekisting in economic sustainable development, such as scattered industrial structure, duplicated construction of the great projects, enlarging the development gap of the regional economy and deteriorated environment etc., have been studied. The results show that scattered structure and duplicated distribution of some key industries and projects, especially automobile, electronics and petrochemical industry and communication, power installations, is one of the reasons for low industrial economic benefit; the great development gap among upper, middle and lower reaches areas are enlarging since the 1990’ s; soil erosion, nood disaster and environmental pollution are still exacerliating due to unreasonable over-development. Based on the above analysis, this paper brings out some countermeasures and proposals for increasing the ability of regional sustainable development, including transregional reorganization of industrial structure linking by assets and speeding the process of regional economy integration; gradually controlling and reducing the development gap arnong upper, middle and lower reaches areas through regional cooperation on a mutually beneficial basis; as well as strengthening ecological construction and environmental protection and increasing environmental bearing capacity etc.

On sustainable development of agriculture in oasis: a case study of Hexi Corridor, Gansu, China

Hexi Corridor is one of the most potential areas in the China’s Western Development in 21st century. However, the problems - the sustainable development of oasis agriculture, the ecosystem of the oasis edge, the landscape structure, the population density in oasis, water resources and land resources in oasis are deteriorating and have restricted the sustainable development of society and economy in this area. This paper summarizes the problems at present, and puts forward the concept of protecting and constructing the oasis environment and sustainable development for the sustainable development of the oasis agriculture in the Hexi Corridor.

Construction of Greenbelt and Sustainable Development in Harbin City

Through analyzing the current urban greenbelt construction and relative issues during the development in northeastern parts in Harbin of China, some feasible solutions were proposed. In order to improve the urban ecological environment and upgrading the constructive level of the urban greenbelt along with the sustainable development in the future, the paper provided some solutions in details

Under Aging Study on Sustainable Development of China Social Security Fund

With China gradually into the spending will gradually increase the aging society, the elderly basic health and security and other aspects of life, and the social security fund plays the most important role in Medicare and security and other aspects of life, a large part of these costs are borne by the social security fund, social security fund and therefore smooth running of the stability of the society of great significance. Social security funds in long-term operation of the process should have a self-sustainability of the balance of payments, balance of such funds refers not only to the current income of the fund should be able to meet the current expenditure needs funds, but also refers to a future on a given point in time, the present value of future expenditures of all funds shall be equal to the present value of all future earnings of the Fund in order to achieve long-term balance of social security funds. This paper attempts to study the entry point for the sustainable development of the social security fund development issues, on the basis of experience combined with foreign financing and investment policy on social security funds [1], to better respond to the challenges of aging on social security funds brought.

Countermeasures for the Protection and Sustainable Development of Forestry Resources

Firstly,the problems of the protection and sustainable development of forestry resources were analyzed,such as lack of overall planning for the protection of forestry resources,insufficient investment in the protection of forestry resources,etc.Afterwards,the corresponding countermeasures were proposed,such as making overall planning for sustainable forestry development,increasing the investment in the protection of forestry resources,improving the forestry management system,etc.

Mathematical Methods Applied to Economy and Sustainable Development Goals

Mathematics is a key factor in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), because of its applicability to real situations. To achieve the set goals in SDG, this paper suggests some mathematical methods that will be useful for solving real situations in relation to goals 2 and 12 of SDGs approved by UN when modeled mathematically. The Northwest Corner Method (NWCM), Least Cost Method (LCM), and Vogel Approximation Method (VAM), which are the initial solution methods were examined to ascertain the ideal route of transporting commodities from production facilities to requirement destination while the optimal solution methods involve Stepping Stone Method (SSM), and Modified Distribution Method (MDM), that give the feasible solution which will enhance minimum transportation cost were also thoroughly defined. Subsequent research shall focus on application of the methods in relation to SDGs problems in comparison with other existing methods.

Evolution of Jianghan Lakes and regional sustainable development

Jianghan Lakes lie in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. The evolution of the lakes during Holocene can be divided into three periods. Since Ming Dynasty, owing to natural factors and human activity, the lakes have accelerated the shrinking process. This has resulted in a series of rural and urban environmental problems, such as the disasters of flooding, inundation, and water\|logging; declination of aquatic resources; increase of diseases; swamping of lake districts; and deterioration of urban environment (taking Wuhan City into consideration). In order to realize sustainable development in this area, several corresponding countermeasures should be taken.

The Study of Some Problems of Yunnan Flower Industry Development

A few problems exist in flower industry developmentin Yunnan province.The key problem is flower production with sell set in system unqualified,product quality problem;wrong model in specification of quality in product,undeveloped and developed technology of quality standard system hasn’t been used.To change present condition, combining local presentcondition, we can enhance the macroscopic managementand put forward to peasant the policy suggestion to guide the development of Yunnan province flower industry.

Discussion on Forestry Sustainable Development in the Yellow River Delta Region

The Yellow River Delta (YRD) is one of the biggest deltas that have not been developed in the world. During the turn of the centuries, YRD development is listed in the two major projects in the new century by Shandong provincial government. According to the plan, YRD will become an important energy, chemical and agricultural production base in 15-20 years. In view of its location and natural conditions, so far there exist a lot of environmental problems in YRD. Thus the principle of economic development coordinating with environmental protection must be implemented during YRD development. Forestation is one of the vital measures to cope with environment degradation. Therefore, strategies of forestry development and techniques of tree planting in different land use types are discussed in the paper based on site classification with specific problems involved .

Research on the Development of Smart Animal Husbandry in Beijing

With the rapid development of agricultural science and technology,animal husbandry,as an important pillar in the field of agriculture,is gradually moving towards a new era of smart animal husbandry with the deep integration of informatization and digitalization.This transformation not only breaks through the traditional production mode of animal husbandry,but also promotes it to a new form under the Internet ecology,draws a new blueprint for the development of agriculture and animal husbandry,and gives birth to numerous potential business opportunities for the development of new agriculture.However,the practice and promotion of smart animal husbandry is not a smooth road,and many challenges and problems need to be solved urgently.On the basis of an in-depth investigation of the development status of smart animal husbandry in Beijing,this paper comprehensively analyzes the current problems,including the difficulty of technology integration,the lack of talent reserve,and the need to improve the policy environment.In view of these problems,it puts forward a series of practical suggestions,in order to speed up the development of animal husbandry in Beijing to the direction of smart development,and realize the sustainable development of animal husbandry.

Problems in Higher Vocational Education Teaching and Corresponding and Countermeasures and Suggestions——Taking Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry as an Example

Higher vocational education, as an important component of higher education, is a newly emerging higher education type, and an important way to achieve the goal of popularization of higher education. At present, China is in an important period of adjustment and optimization of industrial structure, vigorous development of new industries, and the higher vocational education undertakes the arduous task of improving the quality of workers and cultivate specialized personnel, who are an indispensable important force in the process of modernization. It is related to the future development of education, but also to the overall development of economy and society of China. Taking Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry as an example, the existing problems in higher vocational education teaching were pointed out based on the analysis on its sustainable development status, and the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions were proposed.

我国居家养老与机构养老的协同持续发展研究

基于对2000、2010、2020年全国人口普查微观数据的实证研究,发现我国近20年来机构养老的老人数占老人总数的百分比大幅提高,而且城镇的增长幅度远大于农村。基于“中国老年健康和家庭幸福调查”数据分析,我们发现机构养老的老人多为生活不能自理、80岁及以上高龄、男性、居住地城镇、教育水平较高、没有配偶和/或没有存活子女。应用ProFamy多维家庭人口预测方法及软件的家庭人口预测表明,无论低、中、高方案,我国今后几十年的机构养老需求都将大幅度增长。例如,在机构养老中方案下,2060年居住在养老机构的65—79岁较年轻老人数和80岁及以上高龄老人数分别等于2020年的3.7倍和12.2倍。因此,建议政府部门和企业管理机构尽快努力实现居家养老与机构养老协同持续发展。

老年人长期照护保障:衍变历程、现实困局与可持续发展

我国因身体机能及其他原因导致的失能与半失能老年人口持续增长,失能老年人长期照护保障的可持续发展十分重要。当前我国出台了老年人长期照护保障相关政策,采取积极措施并取得一定的成效,但仍存在供需不平衡、服务质量低等现实问题。通过梳理我国长期照护保障理论与实践的历史演进,分析现阶段所面临的经济冲突、时间冲突、情绪冲突等现实挑战,探索以孝道为基、福利多元、社会支持的失能老年人长期照护保障可持续发展路径,推动建立适合我国国情的老年人长期照护保障体系。

西非水务发展问题与对策研究——以贝宁为例

受制于管理体系不完善、资金和技术缺口大、人才缺乏等因素,西非地区的水资源短缺、水质污染、水灾等水务问题长期困扰着经济和社会发展。以西非国家贝宁为例进行分析,立足其水务现状,结合我国企业在该国水务工程建设情况,探讨贝宁水务发展面临的挑战和问题,并提出相应的解决思路和对策。

农业生态环境与农业可持续发展研究

推动农业可持续发展,是缓解生态环境恶化的重要途径,而生态环境的稳定性是农业可持续发展的基础。研究生态环境和农业可持续发展之间的关系,分析存在的问题,从调整农业产业结构、推动农业循环经济发展、发挥农业科技优势、优化农产品结构等视角提出保护农业生态环境、实现农业可持续发展的措施。

巴州地区库尔勒香梨产业现状、问题及持续发展对策

库尔勒香梨是新疆的特色果树,分析了巴州地区近年来香梨产业的栽培规模、栽培模式、品种培育、全产业链发展、品牌建设、销售价格和政策法规支持情况,并围绕自然灾害频发、水肥一体化程度低、生产成本不断增加、标准化管理水平低、种苗繁育体系不健全、采后商品化和精深加工环节薄弱等目前香梨产业发展存在的问题,提出了科学规划香梨产业布局、推进香梨产业标准化生产、持续深入实施香梨产业提质增效、强化科技支撑保障能力、加快先进实用技术推广、持续深化品牌建设、加快促进延链增值持续发展的对策和建议,以期为库尔勒香梨产业提档升级、高质高效发展提供参考。

云南省个旧市的环境问题与可持续发展

本文主要分析了制约云南省个旧市可持续发展的环境问题 ,并提出了实施可持续发展的环境对策。