Agent Grid技术研究初探

The term "Grid" is increasingly appearing in computer literature, generally referring to some form of system framework into which hardware, software, or information resources can be plugged, and which permits easy configuration and creation of new functionality from existing resources. In this article, first, we introduce the concepts of Grid and Agent Grid based on our own understanding. Then we compare Agent Grid with the traditional Multi-Agent System to make the concept and characters of Agent Grid much clearer. Next, the key techniques of Agent Grid, such as Agent Grid System Architecture, System Models, Intelligent Agents and Agent-Based System Resource Management, are thoroughly illustrated. Finally, we briefly discusse the future applications of Agent Grid.

军事网格与Agent Grid研究综述

在简要介绍通用网格概念和发展的基础上,着重对军事网格和AgentGrid进行了研究和分析。介绍了美军军事网格发展历程中4个具有代表性的网格研究项目,展现了当前军事网格研究的现状和未来的发展趋势。以CoABSGrid项目为研究背景,分析了AgentGrid的基本特点和相关的主要观点,着重探讨了Agent和Grid技术的融合,以及AgentGrid与MAS的关系,最后总结提出了AgentGrid研究的技术要点。

基于多Agent系统的大型电网电压暂降评估

面向实际大型电网的暂降评估需要考虑覆盖全网特征的线路故障仿真,其仿真计算速度和稳定性是制约其实用化的主要因素。为此提出了一种基于多Agent系统的大型电网电压暂降评估方法。该方法根据仿真需求构造多Agent系统并制定协同交互规则。首先,由网架解析和故障设置Agent自主生成仿真任务。其次,由仿真管理和计算Agent动态执行海量仿真。最后,由数据处理和分析Agent异步存储仿真数据并生成评估结果。目前该方法已应用在某省级电网电压暂降评估工作中,取得了较好效果。实例证明所提方法加速比高,运行稳定,可为大型电网电压暂降评估实用化提供技术支撑。

Design of an Intelligent Self-Healing Smart Grid using a Hybrid Multi-Agent Framework

This paper discusses the applications of a hybrid multi-agent framework for self-healing applications in an intelligent smart grid system following catastrophic disturbances such as loss of generators or during system fault.The proposed hybrid multi-agent framework is a hybrid of both centralized and decentralized scheme to allow distributed intelligent agent in the smart grid system to make fast local decision while allowing the slower central controller to judge the effectiveness of the decision made by the local agents and to suggest more optimal solutions.

A Multi-Agent Framework for Operation of a Smart Grid

This paper presents the operation of a Multi-agent system (MAS) for the control of a smart grid. The proposed Multi-agent system consists of seven types of agents: Single Smart Grid Controller (SGC), Load Agents (LAGs), a Wind Turbine Agent (WTAG), Photo-Voltaic Agents (PVAGs), a Micro-Hydro Turbine Agent (MHTAG), Diesel Agents (DGAGs) and a Battery Agent (BAG). In a smart grid LAGs act as consumers or buyers, WTAG, PVAGs, MHTAG & DGAGs acts as producers or sellers and BAG act as producer/consumer or seller/buyer. The paper demonstrates the use of a Multi-agent system to control the smart grid in a simulated environment. In order to validate the performance of the proposed system, it has been applied to a simple model system with different time zone i.e. day time and night time and when power is available from the grid and when there is power shedding. Simulation results show that the proposed Multi-agent system can perform the operation of the smart grid efficiently.

基于Agent的Grid GIS关键技术探讨

粮食安全是事关民生的首要问题,我国政府历来十分重视对粮食储备的管理。由于粮库信息的实时更新不易实现、对储粮信息的获取和应用有其特殊要求,传统的粮库管理方式已经不能适应现代粮食安全的需要。本论文旨在将Agent技术集成到Grid GIS结构框架中,研究地理信息服务的管理以及基于Agent的服务查找与组合策略等关键技术,使用基于Agent的Grid GIS门户来实现粮库信息网格服务的管理,使储粮系统更加专业化和自动化。

Agents for Smart Power Grids

The future of electricity systems will compose of small-scale generation and distribution where end-users will be active participants with localized energy management systems that are able to interact on a free energy market. Software agents will most likely control power assets and interact together to decide the best and safest configuration of the power grid system. This paper presents a design of agents that can be deployed in real-time with capabilities that include optimization of resources, intensive computation, and appropriate decision-making. Jordan 51-bus system has been used for simulation with a total generation capacity of 4050 MW of which 230 MW represents renewable energy. The economic analyses demonstrated the use of smart grid technologies with 2016 generation—load profiles for nominal liquified gas (NLG) prices and ±20% sensitivity analysis. The results have shown variations in the range of 1% in the price of MWh with smart grid technologies. These variations are mainly driven by the fact that agents shift power generation to renewable power plants to produce maximum power at peak hours. As a result, there is a positive economic impact in both NLG ± 20% sensitivity analysis, due to the fact that agents coordinate to better displace expensive thermal generation with renewable generation. It is evident that renewable resources compensate for power at peak times and provide economic benefits and savings.

A Fault Tolerance Algorithm for Resource Discovery in Semantic Grid Computing Using Task Agents

One of the interesting topics in grid computing systems is resources discovery. After the failure of a resource in a chain of resources made for a specific task in grid environment, discovering and finding a new resource that reconstructs the chain is an important topic. In this study, with defining new agent that is called task agent, and by proposing an algorithm, we will increase the fault tolerance against probable failure of a resource in the resource chain.

A Framework for Qualifying and Evaluating Smart Grids Approaches: Focus on Multi-Agent Technologies

New needs and emerging societal constraints have put the emphasis on the inadequacy of the actual electrical grid. Indeed, it is impossible, or at least very hard, to 1) integrate renewable energy sources at a great scale within the actual electric grid, 2) enable communications between the various power suppliers and consumers, 3) design several different services that meet the needs of a wide range of end users. A key solution to these issues consists in using Smart Grids (SG). SG can efficiently control power flows by means of Information Technology (IT). Technically, a SG consists of a power system and a bidirectional communication system. Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) constitute a possible technology that can be applied to control and monitor the operation of power grids. Moreover, MAS exhibit distribution, adaptive and intelligent features. The goal of this paper is to propose a framework of qualification and evaluation for comparison SG approaches. First, a set of features of importance for smart grids definition is identified. Then, in a second step, some criteria are given to evaluate the impact of SG on the society. Finally, these features are applied to existing MAS approaches addressing SG in order to understand and compare their different contributions.

Ontology-Based Semantic Multi-agent Framework for Micro-grids with Cyber Physical Concept

The distributed hierarchical control based on multi-agent system(MAS) is the main control method of micro-grids.By allowing more flexible interactions between computing components and their physical environments,cyber physical system(CPS) presents a new approach for the distributed hierarchical engineering system,with micro-grids included.The object of this paper is to integrate the CPS concept with MAS technology and propose a new control framework for micro-grids.With the analysis of the operating mode and control method of micro-grids,the cyber physical control concepts of ontologybased semantic agent are discussed.Then an MAS-based architecture of cyber physical micro-grid system and an intelligent electronic device(IED) function structure are proposed.Finally,in order to operate and test the cyber physical micro-grid concept,an integrated simulation model is presented.

基于环境中移动运输代理的传感器网络建模

针对大型稀疏传感器网络中的数据获取,本文提出了一种利用环境中普遍存在的移动代理来连接稀疏传感器的网络体系结构和一种2-维网格随机游走分析模型;提出的传感器网络模型由3个抽象层构成,即由无线传感器构成的底层、由各种运输代理构成的中间层和由接入点/中央存储库构成的顶层。具体实现原理是位于中间层的移动运输代理从底层分布的无线传感器收集数据并缓冲数据,然后经过游走运输,最后将从底层的无线传感器收集的数据交付到顶层必要的接入点进行必要的存储和处理,从而实现整个传感器网络的数据获取;理论分析和仿真实验结果表明,提出的基于移动运输代理的传感器网络模型不仅具有较好的鲁棒性和可扩展性,而且相比于基站网络模型和Ad-hoc网络模型,在传感器功率消耗、数据成功率和基础设施投入成本方面有明显的优势。

The Geographic Information Grid System Based on Mobile Agent

We analyze the deficiencies of current application systems, and discuss the key requirements of distributed Geographie Information serviee （GIS）, We construct the distributed GIS on grid platform. Considering the flexibility and efficiency, we integrate the mobile agent technology into the system. We propose a new prototype system, the Geographic Information Grid System （GIGS） based on mobile agent. This system has flexible services and high performance, and improves the sharing of distributed resources. The service strategy of the system and the examples are also presented.

A Multi-Agent Resource Selection Model in Manufacturing Grid Environment

A group of agents are intimately cooperated to set the assessment indices, establish the weight of each index in overall result of evaluation, collect the experts＇ scores given to each available resource, and the manufacturing resource whose overall assessment value is highest is taken as the optimal choice. Architecture of the proposed system is outlined and an example is offered to show the process of accomplishing the assessment.

基于DS证据理论的电网信息自动融合模型构建

多智能体感知的智能电网信息中,通常存在信息冗余与缺失等问题。为解决这些问题,研究构建智能电网多智能体信息自动化融合模型,精准自动化融合多智能体信息,改进DS证据组合规则,完成决策级信息自动化融合,提升自动化融合效果,为智能电网的后续应用,提供更加全面的信息。

基于多智能体一致性理论的智能电网内分布式储能系统自治控制方法

针对智能电网中不同电网阻抗差异性引起各电网内分布式储能一次下垂控制器响应速度不一致,且下垂控制方法种类多(P-f/Q-U下垂、改进P-f/Q-U下垂和改进P-U/Q-f下垂等)难以协调,控制器设计复杂等问题,文中提出了一种基于多智能体一致性理论的智能电网内分布式储能系统自治控制方法,以实现不同下垂控制方式的高效协调,有效提升分布式储能PCC处电压频率控制效果,以及各储能系统的精确功率分配。首先,该方法深入研究了不同阻抗电网条件下的分布式储能控制下垂模型,并采用分布式控制理论,设计了分布式储能统一二次控制器,以控制分布式储能PCC点的频率和电压,并按比例分配储能系统的有功和无功输出功率;然后,由于不同电网相距距离较远,通信延迟会影响控制效果,甚至破坏控制系统稳定性,文中采用多智能体相关理论,设计了一种定向通信方法,推导出了在不损失控制系统稳定性的情况下实现控制目标的时延上界条件;最后,通过在改进IEEE 118节点电力系统上仿真分析,验证了所提方法的有效性。

基于Agent的制造网格资源优选评估模型研究

为了解决制造网格系统中制造资源发现的优选问题,缩短用户选择最佳资源的时间,提高制造网格的服务质量,提出了制造网格系统中制造资源发现机制的结构模型,建立了包括一般性评价指标、特有评价指标和个性化评价指标的制造网格资源评价指标库,并提出了基于Agent的制造网格资源优选评估模型和具体实现算法。结合实例对该模型和算法进行了验证,结果表明所提出的模型和算法可以有效地解决资源优选问题。

基于多Agent网格资源管理模型的负载均衡研究

网格是下一代互联网的应用模式,资源管理是网格技术的核心任务之一。它包含资源发现、任务调度和负载均衡。在网格环境中,当大量任务到达的时候,总会出现某些节点因任务过多而忙,另外一些节点空闲的情况。为了解决这个问题,文章首先介绍了一种基于多Agent的网格资源管理层次模型,在此基础上研究了负载均衡问题,提出了一种负载均衡的算法设计思想,提高了网格计算能力和资源利用率。

网格环境中基于移动Agent的工作流架构研究

传统的工作流架构有很多弱点,比如架构严重降低了系统性能,在动态环境中缺少灵活性。本文提出了一个集成了WebServices,网格,工作流和移动代理技术的分布式工作流架构。在这个架构中,我们可以通过移动代理间的通讯来达到工作流之间协同工作,而且这个架构增强了工作流的灵活性和可靠性。最后,以这个新的模型为基础实现了一个具体的工作流工作站。

Agent技术在中国智能电网建设中的应用

在分析智能电网与Agent技术特点的基础上,针对两者之间的共性,综述了Agent技术在中国智能电网建设中的应用。详细分析了Agent技术在电力市场、继电保护、电力系统无功优化及电网故障诊断中的应用。针对微电网技术的缺陷,提出Agent技术在微电网发展中的应用前景。

一种基于移动Agent的网格资源发现方法

提出了一种基于移动Agent的非集中式网格资源发现方法,通过Agent共享服务请求环境中重叠部分的信息,减少整个信息索存储空间的数量,从而提高了查找效率。Agent并行处理查找任务,可扩展性提高了。同时提出了一种基于CE算法的资源查找算法ApRD,该算法是完全分布式的,由移动Agent来执行。实验结果表明该方法可获得较满意的资源定位性能,能适应网格资源的分布性、动态参与和良好的可扩展性。