Problems in Construction of Subsidy System for Agricultural Product Identification and Countermeasures——A Case Study of Xingjiang

In line with current situations of extension of Xinjiang's agricultural products,the paper put forward and analyzed existing problems in extension works of agricultural product identification.The problems mainly include:(i) general identification of agricultural products is basically blank and both producers and consumers lack awareness of identification;(ii) creating(famous) brand is a weak point of agriculture in Xinjiang;(iii) certification of non-hazard,green and organic agricultural products lags behind;(iv) it neglects problem of agricultural product packaging.On the basis of these problems,the paper present our recommendations:(i) government provides financial subsidy to actively guide certification of agricultural products;(ii) it should increase financial fund input in brand construction and support(famous) brand construction of agricultural products;(iii) it should provide subsidy for those enterprises creating famous brand,to encourage agricultural producing and processing enterprises to strive for famous brands;(vi) it should stress agricultural product packaging from the source and provide subsidy for agricultural producers who have affixed the identification;(v) it should gradually promote agricultural product identification,to constantly improve the farmers' awareness of agricultural product identification.

国外棉花补贴政策对新疆棉花生产的启示

【目的】对国外棉花补贴政策进行分析,为优化新疆棉花补贴和农业保险政策提供借鉴。【方法】采用文献调查方法,对相关文献进行梳理和对比研究,总结归纳国外棉花价格支持政策和农业保险政策。【结果】高额的补贴对促进棉花生产发挥了积极作用。印度和巴西实行棉花价格支持政策,按棉花产量(或出售量)计算补贴金额,核算简单;巴西和美国对农业保险给予保费补贴,且越发达的国家补贴水平及保障水平越高,美国立法保证农业保险的实施。相比之下,新疆棉花目标价格政策运行成本较高,补贴金额核算程序复杂,补贴项目相对较少;受制于地方经济发展水平,地方财政对农业保险投入有限;由于缺乏相关法律法规影响了棉花补贴政策的实施效果和可持续性。【建议】新疆应扩大棉花补贴范围,确保棉农种棉收益;加大对棉花保险的投入和支持力度,降低棉花生产风险;尽快出台棉花补贴和棉花保险的相关法律,提高政策实施效果。

新疆农业全要素生产率的时空演化及问题识别——基于DEA-malmquist指数-ArcGIS可视化分析

选取新疆13个地州市2003—2018年面板数据为样本,基于DEA-malmquist指数-ArcGIS可视化分析,从时间纵向和地域空间综合分析比较新疆农业全要素生产率。结果表明:农业TFP波动幅度明显,与TE同步变化;EF、PE和SE值三者变化趋势一致,整体缺乏效率;各地州仅TE有效率,地域间TFP差异大;随着时间推进,新疆各地州农业TFP下滑,近年农业生产力水平下降;识别出各地州农业效率的4种类型。据此,提出合理农业发展建议。