Evolution,Problems and Countermeasures of China's Subsidy Policy for Agriculture

China's agricultural subsidy policy experiences three development stages. Detailed summing up is carried out for achievements of each stage. On the basis of this, this paper discusses problems existing in current agricultural subsidy policy, including high operational cost, out of balance of subsidy structure, little subsidy effort, lack of effective supervision and vacancy of benefit safeguarding mechanism. Finally, it presents suggestions for optimizing China's agricultural subsidy policy, such as regulating direction of agricultural policy, strengthening subsidy effort, taking full advantage of WTO rules, perfecting agriculture-related systems, and establishing and perfecting legal system to support agriculture.

The Research on Countermeasures of Green Agricultural Development in Jiangsu Province

Firstly,the thesis introduces the connotation of green agriculture,indicating that the green agriculture has 4 characteristics,namely openness,continuity,high efficiency and standardization,compared with the traditional agricultural development model.Secondly,the advantages of developing green agriculture in Jiangsu Province are discussed,namely rich agricultural resources,notable technological advantage,solid agricultural foundation,high quality of agricultural products,great market prospect of green consumption,and notable policy advantage.In view of the increasing shortage of natural resources,increasing restriction of rural labor force,increasing deterioration of rural environment,inadequate popularization of green agriculture,and fierce competition at home and abroad,the restricted factors of developing green agriculture in Jiangsu Province are introduced.Finally,in view of the agricultural concept innovation,green agricultural system innovation,agricultural technology innovation,agricultural management innovation,operation system innovation,ecological system innovation,development of tourism agriculture and regional differentiation development strategy,the relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward,in order to explore a new agricultural development model for Jiangsu's modern agricultural development.

Industrial Policy Analysis of Restricted Development Zones in Western China——A Study of State-level Main Producing Areas of Agricultural Products and Key Ecological Functional Areas

As one of the important policies of promoting the formation of main functional areas, the industrial policy directly determines the sustainable growth of space control ability of main functional areas. A restricted development zone is a type of main functional area which provides agricultural products and ecological products, assures the supply of national agricultural products and the stability of ecosystems, as well as safeguards the ecological functions and agricultural functions of wider regions by restricting its own development. Therefore scientific, complete and operable industrial policy support is needed. Restricted development zones are distributed widely in western China. With the restriction of their main functions, differential industrial policies should be implemented in the development of the restricted development zones: Dealing well with the relationship between industrial development and ecological protection, developing special industries which are friendly to resources and environment and appropriate for local conditions, guiding and encouraging industries to learn from regions with favorable development conditions, orderly withdrawing industries and enterprises adverse to main functions, facilitating industrial structure upgrading, optimizing industrial organization, improving industrial technological level and rationalizing industrial layout.

Research on Development Status and Countermeasures of Agricultural Cleaner Production

In the study,the connotation and objectives of agricultural cleaner production were introduced firstly,and then the development status of agricultural cleaner production in China was analyzed,and the problems existing in the development of agricultural cleaner production were pointed out.From the strategy of agricultural sustainable development,the necessity and feasibility of implementing agricultural cleaner production in China were discussed.Finally,some related countermeasures were put forward according to the problems existing in the development of agricultural cleaner production,so as to provide theoretical references for the realization of agricultural sustainable development in China.

Development Stage and Evolution Cause of European Union Agriculture and Suggestions for Chinese Agricultural Development

Agriculture is a basic industry related to national economy and people’s livelihood,and is also the cornerstone of national economic development. European Union(EU) is the second largest exporter of agricultural products in the world,and its agricultural production change has international influence. In this paper,starting from two angles of EU agricultural development scale and target,development stage of its agricultural production is explored,and development and evolution causes of EU agriculture are analyzed: efficiency and benefit targets cause change of EU agricultural management model; change of agricultural product supply-demand pattern leads the evolution of EU agricultural development idea; the reflection of agricultural development target impels the transformation of EU agricultural development. On this basis,the below conclusions are obtained: agricultural development could evolve according to the changes of economic and social conditions; it is a necessary requirement of promoting internal market stability and international market harmony to actively use agricultural support policies adapting to agricultural development at each stage; it is an important measurement of impelling agricultural modernization process to promote innovation of agricultural management model and development of market integration; it is an inevitable road of realizing sustainable development of agriculture to develop ecological agriculture and emphasize equal development of agriculture and countryside. On this basis,it could provide the reference for agricultural development of China based on EU agricultural development experience.

Problems in the Development of Plateau Modern Agriculture in Tibet“One River and Two Streams”Agroecological Basin and Countermeasures

Tibet Autonomous Region is located in the southwest of China. As a special area with high altitude,low temperature,abundant and diverse resources,the development of agricultural modernization has itself development attribute and feature. Agricultural development area of Tibet mainly concentrates in the " one river and two streams" basin. In this paper,combining the development of modern agriculture on the plateau,the connotation and characteristics of the development of plateau modern agriculture are illustrated from the angle of environment economics. Based on the observation method,linking theory with practice and combining literature research method,descriptive study is conducted,and the specific problems in the development of plateau modern agriculture in the agricultural basin are found. For example,the development of agriculture in Tibet has low utilization rate of resources and unbalanced distribution,agricultural mechanization shows gradient development,productivity and agricultural extension are backward,efforts to promote innovation and science knowledge are not enough,agricultural pollution expands,and the awareness of environmental protection is low. In view of the above problems,we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions: developing local advantage characteristic agriculture,developing cooperative economic organization,establishing the training promotion mode of theory combining with practice,establishing agricultural industry system of sightseeing tourism ecology. The research could provide theoretical suggestions for the future development of plateau modern agriculture.

Value and Development Countermeasures for Modern Agriculture in Suzhou

With advance of urbanization and industrialization, modern agricultural development in Chinas economic developed areas (CEDAs) is greatly restricted by traditional concept. To speed up the development of modern agriculture in CEDAs, this paper takes Suzhou City as an example from theories supporting modern agricultural development. It demonstrates agriculture in CEDAs plays an important role in adjusting supply of agricultural and sideline products, reserving rural labor employment, protecting ecological environment, increasing farmers income, and passing on agricultural culture. It contends that CEDAs should take reserving basic farmland as prerequisite; take adequate supply of primary agricultural products, protection of living environment, maintenance of agricultural landscape, and inheritance of farming culture as objectives; establish perfect modern agricultural system through firmly setting up modern agricultural value concept; increase local public finance input; increase agricultural functional value from technical and management levels, to realize increase of farmers income, promote sustainable development of agriculture, promote integrated urban and rural development, as well as harmonious development of human and nature.

Difficulties and Countermeasures of Developing Irrigation and Water Conservancy in New Era

This paper expounds the great significance of irrigation and water conservancy for the agricultural development. Vigorously developing irrigation and water conservancy can promote high yield and stable yield of grain, effectively increase farmers' income, alleviate the impact of drought on agricultural production, be conducive to the adjustment of agricultural production structure, and promote county economic development. The difficulties of developing irrigation and water conservancy in new era are analyzed as follows: the subject of liabilities defaults seriously; it lacks effective input security system; the quality of project degenerates badly; the agricultural technological development is slow. Corresponding policy suggestions are put forward as follows: make the input subject of irrigation and water conservancy clear; form stable investment channels; strengthen the organizing and guiding functions of grass-roots government; reinforce the coordination and management of capital; strengthen the promotion of agricultural technology; quicken the pace of reform of irrigation and water conservancy.

Increasing China's Agricultural Labor Productivity: Comparison and Policy Implications from Major Agrarian Countries

China's low agricultural labor productivity has become the key weakness of its agricultural competitive- ness and sustainable development,and strategies for improving China's agricultural labor productivity lack clear and consistent theory and empirical support.To address this issue,the current study uses the methods of convergence index,correlation coefficient,and nonparametric test,to analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of agricultural labor productivity among 32 major agrarian countries during 1961-2013.This analysis shows that the development gap among countries has been narrowing.The USA takes the leading position among all the countries, while some countries with scarce land like Japan have succeeded in achieving transcendence,and other countries like India have experienced relatively slow speed.The agricultural labor productivity is significantly driven by agricultural labor surplus,agricultural product processing,and agricultural industrial structure.The effects of land resource endowment,agricultural mechanization,and biochemical inputs have been declining and in some cases are no longer even significant.It is therefore necessary to shift attention to marketization,diversification,and high quality,instead of the former focus on agricultural intensification,concentration and large-scale operations,and this shift is probably more closely aligned with current practices.There are more people and less land in China,and the agricultural labor force in China still accounts for nearly 30% of the total population.Considering these national conditions,it is very important to simultaneously improve the efficiency of agricultural production of small farmers and promote the successful urbanization of the agricultural labor force.In the medium and long term,it is imperative to improve the competitiveness of Chinese agriculture by adopting related policy arrangements such as induced agricultural technological innovation,production factor substitution,and multifunctional agriculture development.

Agriculture Green Development in China and the UK: common objectives and converging policy pathways

This paper has three aims.First,to examine how the negative environmental consequences of intensive agriculture have driven China and the UK to shift away from narrowly focused farm output policies and adopt more holistic green development pathways.Second,to explore the policy objectives they have in common.Third,to assess the numerous opportunities for joint research and knowledge sharing through the Sustainable Agriculture Innovation Network and other existing institutional mechanisms.The intensification of agricultural production in the UK started several decades earlier than in China as did the negative environmental consequences of the farm practices.However,their strategies and policies for sustainable intensification and green development have much in common.These are set out in two main documents:the Chinese State Council guidelines for green agriculture and the UK Department for Environment,Food and Rural Affairs 25 Year Environment Plan.There are substantial mutual advantages from greater collaboration on problem identification and monitoring;the development of appropriate technological and management responses and the formulation of sound policies.To achieve this potential,it is recommended that further thought be given to how best to bring together all of the key stakeholders along the whole food chain.

Research on Climate Change and Countermeasure of Agriculture Sustainable Development

Based on the Fourth Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) Assessment Report and meteorologists' research results of climate change in China,the influences of climate change on agricultural production were analyzed from the aspects of temperature,precipitation,sea-level rise and so on.Concrete measures were put forward to reply to climate change.According to the climate change trends,defensive measures were established to enhance the capacity of agriculture coping with climate change,making full use of advantages while avoiding disadvantages,in order to achieve sustainable development.

现阶段我国农业农村发展变化、特点及政策思考

过去40多年,“三农”工作一直是全党工作的重中之重。党的二十届三中全会通过的《决定》提出要完善城乡融合发展体制机制,这表明当前和今后一个时期,党和国家要紧紧围绕这一体制机制改革目标,不断完善加快推进农业农村现代化工作的重点和方向。从现阶段我国农业农村发展呈现特点看,我国农业农村发展已取得一系列成就,但大而不强的特点依然突出,与美国等发达国家相比,我国农业劳动生产率、土地产出率和资源利用率不高;与国内非农业生产部门相比,农业科技应用、生产方式等相对落后等问题依然存在。因此,从国情农情出发,准确把握现阶段我国农业农村发展结构性、趋势性变化特征,通过坚持城乡融合发展、提高农业劳动生产率、扩大适度规模经营等措施,不断推进我国农业农村现代化,加快建设农业强国。

报废更新补贴政策视角下农业机械化转型研究

随着农机报废更新补贴政策的全面推广实施,我国农业机械化将逐步向绿色化、智能化及高质高效转型升级。为此,通过对我国农业机械化发展历程的梳理,分析农业机械化转型升级的必要性与影响因素,解析农机报废更新补贴政策促进农业机械化转型升级的机制。研究认为:我国农业机械化正处于转型阶段,农机装备结构需进一步调整,农机作业需进一步全程全面化,农机社会化服务体系还需进一步完善;地形地貌、技术、农业劳动力的转移、农民受教育程度、农机社会化服务、经济水平及农机补贴政策会影响农业机械化转型升级;农机报废更新补贴政策通过报废补贴和更新补贴两方面促进农业机械化转型升级。基于以上结论,提出了促进农业机械化转型升级的对策建议。

农业直接补贴对粮食生产高质量发展的影响

在新时代国家粮食安全战略与农业高质量发展双重背景下,深入探究农业直接补贴政策对粮食全要素生产率(TFP)的深层次作用机制,以期为精准优化补贴政策框架、强化补贴效能,驱动粮食生产向高质量发展转型提供理论支撑与实证依据。基于2006—2022年23个粮食生产省份面板数据,运用双向固定效应模型、中介效应分析框架、面板分位数回归技术,系统评估了农业直接补贴政策的直接影响、内在作用机制及不同条件下的边际效应。研究发现:农业直接补贴的实施有效促进了粮食TFP提升,成为推动粮食生产高质量发展的关键力量,同时该效应具一定时滞性;从边际效应来看,农业直接补贴政策对提升中低效率地区的粮食TFP的效果更显著;从影响机制来看,农业直接补贴主要通过抑制无序扩张,促进粮食适度规模经营来提高粮食TFP。但受限于补贴力度,其对农业技术推广的激励作用尚需增强;区域异质性分析结果表明,西部地区及粮食主产区享受补贴政策红利方面展现出更强的响应性。鉴于此,建议加大农业直接补贴的投入力度,优化补贴分配机制,优先向生产效率较低及经济欠发达的粮食主产区域倾斜,以更好地发挥补贴政策对粮食生产高质量发展的促进作用,同时确保农业支持保护政策体系的持续稳定与高效运行。

无为市农机购置补贴政策实施中存在的问题及建议

农业机械化是农业现代化的标志,发展农业机械化是现代农业建设中带有方向性的战略任务。通过分析无为市现阶段农机购置补贴政策实施的补贴规模与范围,补贴对象和补贴标准以及补贴操作程序等,探寻了农机购置补贴政策实施中存在的问题,提出实现无为市农机化有序发展的对策及今后的发展重点,以期促进全市粮食稳产增产、农民收入持续增长和农村经济快速发展。

我国北方旱地农业研究开发进展及对策

经过“六五”期间系统调研和“七五”以来的科技攻关,北方旱地农业研究与开发取得重大进展,逐步形成具有中国特色的旱农模式和农林牧综合发展技术体系,在旱地集雨节灌技术、旱作覆盖技术、水肥耦合模式理论等方面取得新突破,21世纪北方旱地农业将有更大发展,并提出加速北方旱地农业持续发展的对策。

我国农业补贴政策变迁、效应评估与制度优化

现阶段,我国农业补贴政策的内外部环境发生了较大改变,突出表现为农村劳动力结构改变、农产品价格波动频繁、资源环境约束趋紧以及国际竞争日趋复杂等。在农业高质量绿色发展的新型目标导向下,有必要对我国当前的农业补贴政策及其经济效应进行全面分析,以构建新型农业补贴政策体系。优化我国农业补贴政策,应适应我国劳动力结构变化调整农业补贴政策;推进粮食价格形成机制,构建稳定有效的农产品市场平衡机制;搭建农业绿色补贴激励政策体系;充分利用“绿箱”政策,加强农村教育和基础设施建设。

发展西部特色农业 促进资源优势向经济优势的快速转变

本文在简要分析新形势下西部特色农业优势和劣势的基础上 ,提出了一些西部发展特色农业 。

农业补贴的历史与理论探析

对农业补贴的历史进行了回顾,探讨了支持农业补贴的主要理论依据,包括公共财政理论、非均衡理论、土地资源价值全面实现论以及农业的弱质性理论和农业多功能理论。借鉴国际经验,结合中国特点,认为我国迫切需要加大农业补贴力度,增加农民收入,调动农民发展农业的积极性;在WTO规则下完善补贴体系,不断优化农业发展环境和提高农业的可持续发展能力;充分发挥农业的多功能性,促进农业的经济、生态、社会功能协调发展。

东北地区农业可持续发展问题探讨

分析了东北地区农业发展的基本态势,优势条件及制约农业可持续发展的主要问题,探讨了农业可持续发展的方向、战略重点和主要对策。指出地区农业发展必须走质量效益型可持续农业之路,通过农业结构升级与布局优化、生态环境建设与水土资源可持续利用、区域联合开发与整体布局、农村制度创新及城乡协调发展,实现由传统农业向现代农业的转变。