Thought on the Implementation of Agricultural Standardization in the Grain Production and Modern Agriculture

The construction of Grain Production Functional Zone and Modern Agicultural Zone （Two Zones for short） plays a key role in the development of modern agriculture and solving the quantity and quality problems of agricultural products. The Two Zones serves as the important form and carrier of agricultural standardization and the agricultural standardization provides means and ways for it. The paper puts forward the suggestions and solutions for agricultural standardization in Two Zones in the aspects of boosting standards innovation projects, management and so forth.

Impacts of Agricultural Mechanization on Agricultural Production in Guangdong Province

Agricultural machinery represents modern method and modern condition of production, and Agricultural mechanization is the key basis and symbol of modern agriculture. Based on analyses of agricultural mechanization development in Guangdong Province from 1988 to 2008, production function was developed to estimate the effects of agricultural mechanization on agricultural production. The results indicated that the contribution of agricultural mechanization to production continues to increase. The agricultural mechanization increased by 1%, and grain production by0.35%. Therefore, government should encourage development of agricultural mechanization in order to improve agricultural production in Guangdong Province.

Study on Tobacco Leave Lean Production Management System

In recent years, tobacco lean production infrastructure is almost full-fledged through development, and professional service scope expands accordingly. Hence, the developing emphasis has transformed from hardware facilities improvement to software updating of lean management and precise work. With related documents released by China Tobacco and Guizhou Tobacco, the achievement of comprehen- sive lean management probably becomes one of the key goals for the future devel- opment of tobacco business. The construction goal of tobacco leaves lean produc- tion management system is to internalize technology, information, human resources, material and other production elements into value stream of flue-cured tobacco pro- duction, and strict control value stream of input costs and output benefits, and then create management profit, promote enterprise, core competitiveness. The lean pro- duction management is both extension and expansion of modern tobacco agriculture, closely related to agricultural standardization and GAP management, which is based on professional service training and production machinery upgrading, with team management and station working as carriers, and information feedback, key quality monitoring and benefit evaluation as assessment references.

The Tobacco Farmers’Mutual Assistance and Cooperation Pattern in Modern Tobacco Agriculture in Mountainous Areas

This article introduces the basic situation of Yanziqian Tobacco Farmers' Mutual Assistance and Cooperation Association in Jiamachi Town of Xianfeng County.It analyzes the operating mode of tobacco farmers' mutual assistance and cooperation association,and conducts a comparative analysis of tobacco farmers' costs and benefits before and after participating in mutual assistance and cooperation.Studies show that the mode of tobacco farmers' mutual assistance and cooperation,is conducive to reducing labor in curing link,promoting the quality of tobacco,increasing tobacco farmers' income,which is worthy of promotion.

The Impact of the Processing and Foreign Trade of Agricultural Products on Agricultural Modernization: An Empirical Analysis Based on Cointegration and VEC Model

Based on the data related to the Chinese and world agricultural production and trade from 1986 to 2011,this paper uses the principal component analysis,cointegration and vector error correction model to perform the empirical analysis of the impact of processing,import and export of agricultural products on the agricultural modernization in China. The results show that the processing and export of agricultural products play a role in promoting the agricultural modernization in China,while the import of agricultural products has some negative effects on the agricultural modernization in China. The negative effects of the import of agricultural products are from the limitations of farmers' small-scale operation and foreign trading partners' protectionism. China should further develop the processing industry of agricultural products,and strengthen the role of downstream industries in promoting the agricultural modernization; improve the level of large-scale and intensive operation,and make good use of WTO rules,in order to provide the necessary market conditions for the agricultural modernization.

Principles and Ways of Innovation on Organizational Model of Tobacco Production in China

The innovation of organizational model of tobacco production is the key to realization of sustainable development of tobacco production in China. From the perspective of sustainable development, we analyze the necessity of innovation of organizational model of tobacco production, put forward the principles on innovation of organizational model of tobacco production, and offer corresponding recommendations for the ways of innovation of organizational model of tobacco production.

Problems in the Innovation of Tobacco Production Organization Mode in Sichuan Province and Recommendations

We summarize the main forms of tobacco production organization in Sichuan Province,including traditional peasant households,large scale growers,family farms,tobacco farmers' associations,and specialized tobacco cooperatives.In the process of innovation of production organization mode,some problems are pointed out,such as lack of management talents and long-term incentive mechanism,lack of standardization in operation,bottleneck in land and financing,low economic benefits of cooperatives,and difficulty in protecting farmers' interests and rights.We put forth the following recommendations for advancing the innovation of tobacco production organization mode in Sichuan Province:forming the longterm mechanism for supporting the innovation of production organization forms;standardizing the operation of the specialized cooperative organizations;strengthening personnel training,and establishing tobacco farmers' principal position;expanding cooperative economic production organizations,and achieving moderate concentration of land size;strengthening information services,to boost the development of cooperative production organizations.

农业新质生产力赋能农业强国建设的逻辑理路及其推进机制

农业新质生产力赋能农业强国建设已成为中国式农业农村现代化的时代命题。数字农业生产的技术嵌入、农业新质生产力的动能转换、农业强国建设的目标跃升,是解说新质生产力赋能农业强国建设的新框架。农业新质生产力赋能农业强国的内在逻辑包括以“强”“富”“美”为意涵的价值逻辑,以动力、组织、调适为内容的驱动逻辑,以现实需要和创新任务为目标的现实逻辑。就其推进机制而言,从迭代新技术增动能、重组新要素增形态与拓展新空间增场景等三方面着手,是持续释放农业新质生产力赋能农业强国建设韧性的有效解。

Discussion on China ＇s Agricultural Development during 2011-2015

During the 11th Five-year Plan period, China＇s agricultural productivity improved on all levels; the contribution rate of technologies to agriculture rose steadily, the agricultural service system was gradually restored and agricultural policy regimes were consummated. However, China＇s sustainable agricultural development faces severe tests such as agri-tech ＂short slabs＂ and poor collaborative operation. The 12＇h Five- year Plan period will bring both strategic opportunities and challenges. Brisker market demands and more agricultural inputs, a higher technical level and better policy regimes will drive development. On the other hand, agriculture will be confronted with more resource and environment constraints, fewer traditional comparative advantages and hidden hazards, etc. Over the next five years, China should stay its course to agricultural modernization based on its national conditions and the sustainable development concept and establish a ＂broad interpretation of grain security＂ to improve the productivity, risk- resistance capabilities and market competitiveness of its agricultural industry.

以新质生产力引领现代化大农业发展

现代化大农业是以系统、全局的大农业观为指导,对传统小农经济进行现代化改造的先进农业发展模式,具有多维生产空间、多种农业功能和多元实践模式,其基本特征是以现代化大产业为核心架构,以绿色高效为根本属性,以强带动能力为突出作用。发展现代化大农业是加快农业农村现代化的主攻方向,也是加快建设农业强国的重要途径。新质生产力对现代化大农业发展具有引领作用,为现代化大农业发展明确了着力点,提供了内在支撑,开辟了新起点、新机遇和新路径。实践中,新质生产力能够有效拓展农业生产空间及功能,弥合农业科技短板,推动农业形成大产业格局,促进农业绿色低碳转型,由此引领、支撑并推动现代化大农业发展。以新质生产力引领现代化大农业发展,需要加快构建与之相适应的现代农业科技创新体系和现代化大农业产业体系,强化与之相配套的现代化大农业基础设施建设和新型农业人才队伍建设,推动与之相协调的体制机制适应性变革。

农业新质生产力:内涵特征、发展重点、面临制约和政策建议

结合学习习近平总书记关于发展新质生产力的重要论述,文章探讨了农业新质生产力的内涵要义和发展要求,揭示了发展农业新质生产力的意义和战略重点,分析了发展农业新质生产力面临的制约,提出要面向加快建设农业强国和把农业建成现代化大产业的需求,科学处理农业新质生产力与农业传统生产力、仰望星空与脚踏实地、有为政府与有效市场、统筹高质量发展和高水平安全、农业新质生产力特殊性与新质生产力一般性等的关系。在此基础上,提出了发展农业新质生产力的若干政策建议。如实施若干重大工程或计划,完善激励机制,设立未来农业专项,加强和创新农业新质生产力支持体系,加强对农业农村基础设施和公共服务能力建设的支持,等等。

农业新质生产力的理论内涵、主要特征与培育路径

剖析农业新质生产力的内涵特征,是准确把握农业高质量发展政策着力点的前提。立足马克思主义政治经济学的基本原理和农业产业特性,对农业新质生产力的理论内涵进行讨论,可从劳动者和生产资料两个维度展开,高素质的新农科人才是其第一要素,创新所带来的高技术含量生产资料是其重要物质基础。农业新质生产力具有动态性、时代性、可持续性和应用性等特征,其发展壮大的过程,正是利用现代科技创新成果对农业进行改造升级的过程。为此,应坚持发挥新型举国体制优势,支持涉农领域科技创新,推动创新链、产业链深度耦合和协同发展,不断提高农村各类要素的市场化配置水平。

农业新质生产力的内涵特征、发展阻滞与实践路径

发展农业新质生产力是我国顺应时代特点的重大战略选择。在农业先天禀赋差、科技含量低、体系不健全以及国际竞争压力渐增等因素交织叠加的背景下,以数字文明带动传统一次产业整体性跃升,便成为我国农业发展提升的根本性内容。在这方面,数字技术在农业领域的渗透相融将引发农业劳动者、劳动资料和劳动对象等农业生产力诸要素及其各类组合发生系统性优化,进而形成农业新质生产力,并呈现出高科技、高效能、不同于工业新质生产力的鲜明特征。然而,由于历史矛盾和现实因素的复合影响,我国发展农业新质生产力将面临农业研发推广存在困难、以小农为主的经营方式有效需求不足以及基础生产条件支撑力不够等方面的阻滞。据此,必须有针对性地探寻农业新质生产力的实践路径,加快建立并完善有利于农业新质生产力发展的体制机制和政策体系,以推动农业现代化提质增效以及数字化动能持久释放。

新质生产力助力基于新型城镇化的数字乡村建设审视

数字乡村建设伴随网络化、信息化和数字化在农业农村经济社会发展中的应用而出现,数字乡村建设不仅可以通过现代数字技术提高农业生产的效率质量,破除城乡数字鸿沟和贫富差距,还可以为新质生产力助力奠定物质基础、提升主体效能和汇聚发展要素,进一步优化城乡间产业结构、科创实力、生活质量的支撑力。实施乡村振兴战略、建设数字中国是现阶段我国全面建设社会主义现代化国家的重大部署和决策,数字技术能够为乡村经济发展注入强大动力,进而成为赋能党和政府各方面工作要求的重要引擎。新型城镇化背景下数字乡村建设有利于优化城乡产业结构,是带动农村经济高质量发展的重要依托;有利于推动区域数字科技协调共建,是促进城乡关系发展共荣的关键动能;有利于夯实乡村全面发展的新基座,在赋能农民农村共同富裕的重要抓手等方面具有现实意义。当前数字乡村建设面临着城乡数字能力发展的鸿沟巨大、数字乡村基层治理效能和城乡融合发展要求不适应、城乡一体化进程中的乡村产业转型困难等方面的问题。在新型城镇化背景下,数字乡村建设需要统筹推动城乡数字资源配置,缩小城乡数字鸿沟;建立灵敏高效的现代化数字乡村治理体系;引财智兴产业,充分发挥“智慧城市”对“数字乡村”的辐射带动作用。

数字技术赋能农业新质生产力:作用机理、问题障碍与应对策略

发展农业新质生产力是我国缩小与主要发达国家农业差距、建设农业强国的战略举措。数字技术是影响农业新质生产力形成的关键变量。在微观要素层面,数字技术促使数据成为新生产要素,优化农业生产要素的创新性配置,能大幅提升农业全要素生产率;在产业中观层面,数字技术促进了农业社会再生产各环节之间及其内部的协作,不断催生农业新业态新模式,实现了农业深度转型升级;在宏观层面,数字技术促进了农业生产资料使用社会化、农业生产组织化以及农村产权制度完善,优化了农业生产关系,使其反作用于生产力的发展。然而,数字技术在农业领域的应用还存在农业基础数据的采集、联通落后于数字技术应用需求,农户涉农数字技术采纳意愿不强,数字技术开发面临经济性困境,政策和改革工具与数字技术工具不匹配,以及乡村数字基础设施滞后迟滞数字技术应用等问题障碍;同时,数字技术的广泛应用可能还存在数字斥农、平台企业不正当竞争、数据安全等风险隐患。为充分发挥数字技术赋能农业新质生产力发展,规避可能的风险隐患,急需优化相关制度和政策创设。

“大国小农”背景下中国农业现代化之路——兼论培育农业领域新质生产力的内在逻辑与实现路径

农业领域新质生产力的提出是新质生产力理论在当代农业实践中的遵循与延伸,符合农业生产的客观规律,它将生产力理论的经典构架与现代农业的发展趋势相结合,形成了生产力理论体系的新维度。培育和发展农业领域新质生产力能够有效提升农业劳动力素质、应对农业经营规模受限导致的相关问题并引领农业现代化进程。农业领域新质生产力主要通过科技创新、劳动力素质提升和农业经营体制创新三个维度加快农业现代化进程。当前,农业领域新质生产力的培育和发展主要面临关键技术研发滞后、数字应用场景不足及高素质农业人才缺乏等问题。为此,可通过完善现代化农业大数据体系、培育数字“新农人”专业队伍等措施积极培育农业领域新质生产力,进而推动我国农业的可持续发展并增强国际竞争力。

数字乡村建设与中国式农业产业链现代化:内在机制与经验证据

以2013—2022年中国30个省级行政区为样本,研究利用基准回归模型与中介效应模型,探究数字乡村建设对中国式农业产业链现代化的影响及内在作用机制。结果表明:数字乡村建设可以有效助力中国式农业产业链现代化发展。数字乡村建设能够通过提高农业劳动生产率、农村居民数字素养,推动中国式农业产业链现代化。数字乡村建设对中国式农业产业链现代化的影响具有区域异质性、农业资源禀赋异质性,对东部地区和农业大省中国式农业产业链现代化的促进作用更强。数字乡村建设对中国式农业产业链现代化的影响存在以自身为门槛的双重门槛效应。

数智赋能农业新质生产力培育的逻辑与进路——基于马克思主义生产力理论分析

在进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的目标下,以马克思主义生产力理论为分析框架,探索数智技术驱动农业新质生产力培育的理论机制及可行路径。首先,沿着劳动者的生产力主体作用逻辑,探索了数智技术的劳动主体能力与意识变革机制,并沿着生产关系反作用于生产力的作用逻辑,厘清了生产资料、组织与产品分配关系重组机制,进而阐明数智技术作用于农业新质生产力的内在机理;其次,从数智技术作用于劳动主体与劳动关系的冲突入手,探析了阻碍农业新质生产力培育的逻辑堵点;最后提出:通过增强数智技术赋能生产知识支撑、推动数智技术“向善”发展等打通数智技术增强农民主体作用发挥的底层逻辑;通过拓展数智农业技术应用场景、依托利益联结和协同“共智”、强化涉农数字资本相关的顶层设计等,强化数智技术的生产关系再造逻辑,反作用于农业新质生产力培育。这一结论呼应了党中央发展新质生产力的相关要求,探索了马克思主义生产力理论在解释农业新质生产力培育方面的价值。

数字技术创新突破下的新质生产力价值剖析——基于现代产业体系建设目标考量

在构建现代产业体系的目标下,客观剖析以数字技术与颠覆式创新为主导的新质生产力作用于传统产业技术改造与效率提升的内在机制,深化新质生产力赋能现代产业体系建设的相关理论研究。在具体研究中,混合使用工具变量法、PSM-DID、分位数回归等方法,检验数字技术创新突破下的新质生产力在现代产业体系建设中的价值,得出:(1)其是现代产业体系建设的重要赋能主体,且数字创新应用较数字技术基础建设的积极价值更大;(2)其通过对传统产业进行技术渗透,推进传统产业技术进步,并通过加速要素产业间与区域间双向流动,优化传统产业的要素配置,促进传统产业技术改进与效率提升,弥足现代产业体系建设短板;(3)其价值随着现代产业体系不断完善而逐渐增强,在产业分类下,则表现为挤出农业现代化,但却能显著促进工业和服务业现代化;(4)其价值存在“先发强、后发弱”的区位特征,且存在显著的制度与技术依赖性。以上结论对构建现代产业体系、推进中国式现代化的路径设计具有一定的理论与实践价值。

完善生鲜农产品供应链的理论和政策研究

我国轻商的观念由来已久,但城乡居民日常需要的生鲜食品高度依赖从事生鲜农产品经营的商贩,他们是生鲜农产品供应链主体的组成部分,在促进生鲜农产品区域分工深化、贴近民生方面发挥着重要作用,对产业集群、供应链冷链、物流园区、旅游、住宿、餐饮就业都具有强烈多向性的带动作用,是各地经济发展的隐形间接影响力、软实力。必须改变长期存在的重场所建设、轻主体培育的顽疾;培育生鲜农产品供应链的链主企业,促进供应链分工的深化和专业化;加强对违法违规行为的监管,共促诚实守信公平竞争的营商环境;对生鲜农产品市场实施反周期调控;严格大棚与大田生鲜农产品的行为监管标准;将市场调控的重心从事后的被动跟进管理,转变为事前的主动引导服务;探索“有效市场+有为政府”的管理模式,创新逆周期监测调控的有效办法;把握生鲜农产品供应链高质量发展的舆论导向,为商人正名;警惕出现重生产、轻流通新的倾向和新的表现形式,防止损害现代流通体系、统一大市场建设。