As the first step of the fire/gas-detection systems of floating production storage and offloading(FPSO)units is to iden-tify leakage accidents,gas detectors play an important role in controlling the leakage risk.To im...As the first step of the fire/gas-detection systems of floating production storage and offloading(FPSO)units is to iden-tify leakage accidents,gas detectors play an important role in controlling the leakage risk.To improve the leakage scenario detection rate and reduce the cumulative risk value,this paper presents an optimization method of the gas detector placement.The probability density distribution and cumulative probability density distribution of the leakage source variables and environmental variables were calculated based on the Offshore Reliability Data and the statistical data of the relevant leakage variables.A potential leakage sce-nario set was constructed using Latin hypercube sampling.The typical FPSO leakage scenarios were analyzed through computational fluid dynamics(CFD),and the impacts of different parameters on the leakage were addressed.A series of detectors was deployed according to the simulation results.The minimization of the product of effective detection time and gas leakage volume was the risk optimization objective,and the location and number of detectors were taken as decision variables.A greedy extraction heuristic algo-rithm was used to solve the optimization problem.The results show that the optimized placement had a better monitoring effect on the leakage scenario.展开更多
鉴于国内核物理实验对高性能硅探测器有大量需求,而国外对中国进行技术封锁,满足实验需求的高性能探测器不易获得.中国科学院近代物理研究所在原有制备工艺基础上首次采用套刻技术,有效减少了光刻及腐蚀过程造成的Si O2沾污,大幅提高了...鉴于国内核物理实验对高性能硅探测器有大量需求,而国外对中国进行技术封锁,满足实验需求的高性能探测器不易获得.中国科学院近代物理研究所在原有制备工艺基础上首次采用套刻技术,有效减少了光刻及腐蚀过程造成的Si O2沾污,大幅提高了探测器性能和成品率.本文对采用该工艺研制的300μm厚,有效面积50 mm×50 mm硅探测器进行电学性能测试和在束探测性能测试.探测器在-45 V耗尽电压下,其漏电流小于40 n A,对5 Me V左右的a粒子的能量分辨(σ)约为45 ke V.将该探测器作为能量沉积(ΔE)探测器,利用250 Me V/u的11C放射性束流及其在次级碳靶上的反应产物对探测器进行了探测性能测试.测试结果显示,该探测器对于C元素的电荷数Z的分辨为0.17,与文献中记录的国外生产的同类型探测器的实验数据(Z分辨0.19)相当,可以满足中高能放射性束实验对轻质量区粒子鉴别的要求.展开更多
The antineutrino detectors for the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment are liquid scintillator detectors designed to detect electron anti-neutrino via inverse beta interactions with high efficiency and low background...The antineutrino detectors for the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment are liquid scintillator detectors designed to detect electron anti-neutrino via inverse beta interactions with high efficiency and low backgrounds.Since the antineutrino detector will be installed and immerged in water Cherenkov detector and will run for 3 to 5 years,water tightness is critical to the successful operation of the antineutrino detectors.A special seal technique was used for this purpose.Three leak checking methods have been employed to ensure the seal quality.This paper describes the sealing method and leakage testing results.展开更多
针对石化企业气体泄漏检测问题,对常见气体甲烷、乙烯、环氧乙烷进行红外成像检测技术试验研究,完成非制冷型泄漏检测关键模组选型测试,对比分析国产非制冷红外成像技术与进口制冷红外成像技术在不同检测距离、气体流量、镜头焦距、检...针对石化企业气体泄漏检测问题,对常见气体甲烷、乙烯、环氧乙烷进行红外成像检测技术试验研究,完成非制冷型泄漏检测关键模组选型测试,对比分析国产非制冷红外成像技术与进口制冷红外成像技术在不同检测距离、气体流量、镜头焦距、检测模式下的性能。试验结果表明,非制冷型气体红外成像检测技术可实现150 m距离,小于0.5 m 2的气体泄漏目标检测,适合作为企业气体泄漏长周期监测技术手段,并提出使用建议。展开更多
基金support of the Fundamen-tal Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.3072021CF0101)the‘Integration Software of Offshore Float-ing Platform Engineering Design(No.2016YFC0302900)’from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,and the Project of Development of Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Risk Assessment Software Project,funded by the International S&T Cooperation Program of China(No.2013DFE73060).
文摘As the first step of the fire/gas-detection systems of floating production storage and offloading(FPSO)units is to iden-tify leakage accidents,gas detectors play an important role in controlling the leakage risk.To improve the leakage scenario detection rate and reduce the cumulative risk value,this paper presents an optimization method of the gas detector placement.The probability density distribution and cumulative probability density distribution of the leakage source variables and environmental variables were calculated based on the Offshore Reliability Data and the statistical data of the relevant leakage variables.A potential leakage sce-nario set was constructed using Latin hypercube sampling.The typical FPSO leakage scenarios were analyzed through computational fluid dynamics(CFD),and the impacts of different parameters on the leakage were addressed.A series of detectors was deployed according to the simulation results.The minimization of the product of effective detection time and gas leakage volume was the risk optimization objective,and the location and number of detectors were taken as decision variables.A greedy extraction heuristic algo-rithm was used to solve the optimization problem.The results show that the optimized placement had a better monitoring effect on the leakage scenario.
文摘鉴于国内核物理实验对高性能硅探测器有大量需求,而国外对中国进行技术封锁,满足实验需求的高性能探测器不易获得.中国科学院近代物理研究所在原有制备工艺基础上首次采用套刻技术,有效减少了光刻及腐蚀过程造成的Si O2沾污,大幅提高了探测器性能和成品率.本文对采用该工艺研制的300μm厚,有效面积50 mm×50 mm硅探测器进行电学性能测试和在束探测性能测试.探测器在-45 V耗尽电压下,其漏电流小于40 n A,对5 Me V左右的a粒子的能量分辨(σ)约为45 ke V.将该探测器作为能量沉积(ΔE)探测器,利用250 Me V/u的11C放射性束流及其在次级碳靶上的反应产物对探测器进行了探测性能测试.测试结果显示,该探测器对于C元素的电荷数Z的分辨为0.17,与文献中记录的国外生产的同类型探测器的实验数据(Z分辨0.19)相当,可以满足中高能放射性束实验对轻质量区粒子鉴别的要求.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (Grant No. 2006CB808102)
文摘The antineutrino detectors for the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment are liquid scintillator detectors designed to detect electron anti-neutrino via inverse beta interactions with high efficiency and low backgrounds.Since the antineutrino detector will be installed and immerged in water Cherenkov detector and will run for 3 to 5 years,water tightness is critical to the successful operation of the antineutrino detectors.A special seal technique was used for this purpose.Three leak checking methods have been employed to ensure the seal quality.This paper describes the sealing method and leakage testing results.
文摘针对石化企业气体泄漏检测问题,对常见气体甲烷、乙烯、环氧乙烷进行红外成像检测技术试验研究,完成非制冷型泄漏检测关键模组选型测试,对比分析国产非制冷红外成像技术与进口制冷红外成像技术在不同检测距离、气体流量、镜头焦距、检测模式下的性能。试验结果表明,非制冷型气体红外成像检测技术可实现150 m距离,小于0.5 m 2的气体泄漏目标检测,适合作为企业气体泄漏长周期监测技术手段,并提出使用建议。
