Integrated Engineering Design and Data Management

This paper describes how database information and electronic 3D models are integrated to produce power plant designs more efficiently and accurately. Engineering CAD/CAE systems have evolved from strictly 3D modeling to spatial data management tools. This paper describes how process data, commodities, and location data are disseminated to the various project team members through a central integrated database. The database and 3D model also provide a cache of information that is valuable to the constructor, and operations and maintenance Personnel.

Civil Aircraft Assisted Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks: Architecture Design and Coverage Analysis

In this paper, we propose a novel AIenabled space-air-ground integrated networks(SAGIN). This new integrated networks architecture consists of LEO satellites and civil aircrafts carrying aerial base stations, called "civil aircraft assisted SAGIN(CAA-SAGIN)". The assistance of civil aircrafts can reduce the stress of satellite networks, improve the performance of SAGIN, decrease the construction cost and save space resources. Taking the Chinese mainland as an example, this paper has analyzed the distribution of civil aircrafts, and obtained the coverage characteristics of civil aircraft assisted networks(CAAN). Taking Starlink as the benchmark, this paper has calculated the service gap of CAAN, and designed the joint coverage constellation. The simulation results prove that the number of satellites in CAASAGIN can be greatly reduced with the assistance of civil aircrafts at the same data rate.

Mechanism for Integrating Sustainability in Engineering Design

This paper proposes an integration mechanism to help the owners and designers to integrate sustainability issues into design process, communicate with stakeholders and achieve consensus. Literature concerning engineering design, decision making and environment assessment were reviewed. Sustainability disputes in construction projects were analyzed and owners and designers were interviewed to understand the evolvement of these issues. Key success factors of other successful integration projects were also referenced. An integration mechanism including procedures was established along with traditional design process. Four integration steps were developed： organize integration team, propose integration issues, determine acceptance criteria, and evaluate alternatives; and four integration dimensions were also identified： appeals, decision making and execution, stakeholders, and experts. A matrix was formed by the four integration steps and four dimensions. A rigor index was proposed to measure the quality of the integration process. Finally, the mechanism was tested on a construction project with sustainability controversy to check its validity. The study results show that the integration mechanism can help incorporate sustainability issues and achieve consensus if followed rigorously. The integration matrix systematically examines the eight key integration factors under the four dimensions. The rigor index can explain the quality in integrating sustainability issues into engineering design. The mechanism provides a useful tool for the owners and designers to cope with the sustainability decision making difficulties.

An Internet-enabled Integration of Concurrent Engineering with Co-design

In this paper,the Web-based integration methodology and framework have been developed to facilitate collabora- tive and concurrent engineering design in distributed manufacturing environments.The distributed concurrent engineering and co- design are discussed as key components in the mechanism.The related integration system is presented,which includes four function- al modules:co-design,Web-based visualization,manufacturing analysis and look-up service.It can be used for a design team geo- graphically distributed to organize a collaborative and concurrent engineering design effectively.In particular,the collaborative mechanism incorporated with Java-based and Internet-enabled technologies can generate extended strategies for design and planning. Thus,the proposed integration architecture enables the system to be generic,open and scalable.Finally,for the trend of global manufacturing,a case study of Internet-enabled collaborative optimization is introduced and a discussion on teamwork capability is made.

Gas exchange optimization in aircraft engines using sustainable aviation fuel:A design of experiment and genetic algorithm approach

The poppet valves two-stroke(PV2S)aircraft engine fueled with sustainable aviation fuel is a promising option for general aviation and unmanned aerial vehicle propulsion due to its high power-to-weight ratio,uniform torque output,and flexible valve timings.However,its high-altitude gas exchange performance remains unexplored,presenting new opportunities for optimization through artificial intelligence(AI)technology.This study uses validated 1D+3D models to evaluate the high-altitude gas exchange performance of PV2S aircraft engines.The valve timings of the PV2S engine exhibit considerable flexibility,thus the Latin hypercube design of experiments(DoE)methodology is employed to fit a response surface model.A genetic algorithm(GA)is applied to iteratively optimize valve timings for varying altitudes.The optimization process reveals that increasing the intake duration while decreasing the exhaust duration and valve overlap angles can significantly enhance high-altitude gas exchange performance.The optimal valve overlap angle emerged as 93°CA at sea level and 82°CA at 4000 m altitude.The effects of operating parameters,including engine speed,load,and exhaust back pressure,on the gas exchange process at varying altitudes are further investigated.The higher engine speed increases trapping efficiency but decreases the delivery ratio and charging efficiency at various altitudes.This effect is especially pronounced at elevated altitudes.The increase in exhaust back pressure will significantly reduce the delivery ratio and increase the trapping efficiency.This study demonstrates that integrating DoE with AI algorithms can enhance the high-altitude performance of aircraft engines,serving as a valuable reference for further optimization efforts.

An Integrated Approach for Decision Support through Multi-objective Optimization with Application to an Ill-posed Design Problem

In the current scenario of global competition and short product life cycles, customer-defined satisfaction has attracted interest in artifact design. Accordingly, intelligent decision-making through multi-objective optimization has been proposed as an efficient method for human-centered manufacturing. However, previous vast researches on optimization have been mainly focused on optimization theory and optimization techniques and paid little interests on the process of problem formulation itself. In this paper, therefore, the authors present a total framework for supporting multi-objective decision making. Then, the authors try to solve the formulated multi-objective optimization problem that involves both qualitative and quantitative performance measures as a general consequence from the above procedure. Taking especially quality as a qualitative measure, the authors gave a new idea to evaluate the quality quantitatively. Additionally, to facilitate the portability of the proposed method in multidisciplinary decision-making environments, the authors implement the proposal algorithm in an Excel spreadsheet and validate the effectiveness of the approach through a case study.

航空发动机EngineCAD微机集成系统的开发与研究

本文介绍在航空发动机研制与改型设计阶段中采用最新技术的EngineCAD微机集成设计系统。该系统可以实现对涡喷、涡扇、涡轴和涡桨航空发动机部件图和总图的参数化实时设计,在参数化设计过程中提供发动机信息数据库、结构数据库的交互式查询,为设计提供所需的信息、数据和结构图形支持,可达到快速地生成供方案论证应用的各种航空发动机部件图、总图及各种信息,能快速实现多方案对比设计。具体应用表明,使用该系统大大缩短了设计周期,提高了设计的一次成功率。

基于ArcGIS Engine的飞机人工增雨航线自动化设计算法研究

人工增雨作为应急抗旱和缓解水资源紧张的重要手段,与社会经济可持续发展、生态安全和人民生活密切相关。航线设计是飞机人工增雨作业方案设计的一项重要内容,基于GIS平台自动化设计飞行航线将成为趋势。在传统飞行航线设计方案的基础上,研究提出了基于ArcGIS Engine的半圆弧过渡条播航线、"弓"字形条播航线和"之"字形条播航线三种层状云作业"穿云"航线与一种对流云或层积混合云作业"绕云"航线的自动化设计算法。应用结果显示,四种自动化算法均能够快速有效地设计出飞机航线,取得很好的效果。

An Overview of Performance Characteristics, Experiencesand Trends of Aerospace Engine Bearings Technologies

In this paper, the operating conditions, technical requirements, performance characteristics, design ideas, application experiences and development trends of aerospace engine bearings, including material technology, integration design and reliability, are reviewed. The development history of aerospace engine bearing is recalled briefly at first. Then today＇s material technologies and the high bearing performances of the bearings obtained through the new materials are introduced, which play important roils in the aeroengine bearing developments. The integration design ideas and practices are explained to indicate its significant advantages and importance to the aerospace engine bearings. And the reliability of the shaft-bearing system is pointed out and treated as the key requirement with goals for both engine and bearing. Finally, as it is believed that the correct design comes from practice, the pre-qualification rig testing conducted by FAG Aerospace GmbH ＆ Co. KG is briefly illustrated as an example. All these lead to the development trends of aerospace engine bearings from different aspects.

A New Method for Optimum Allocation of Design Requirements in Aircraft Conceptual Design

A new method, Collaborative Allocation （CA）, is proposed to solve the large-scale optimum allocation problem in aircraft conceptual design. According to the characteristics of optimum allocation in aircraft conceptual design. The principle and mathematical model of CA are established. The optimum allocation problem is decomposed into one main optimization problem and several sub-optimization problems. A group of design requirements for subsystems are provided by the main system respectively, and the subsystems execute their own optimizations or further provide the detailed design requirements to the bottom components of aircraft, such as spars, ribs and skins, etc. The subsystems minimize the discrepancy between their own local variables and the corresponding allocated values, and then return the optimization results to main optimization. The main optimization is performed to reallocate the design requirements for improving the integration performance and progressing toward the compatibilities among subsystems. CA provides the general optimum allocation architecture and is easy to be carried out. Furthermore, the concurrent computation can also be realized. Two examples of optimum reliability allocation are used to describe the implementation procedure of CA for two-level allocation and three-level allocation respectively, and to validate preliminarily its correctness and effectiveness. It is shown that the developed method can be successfully used in optimum allocation of design requirements. Then taking weight requirement allocation as example, the mathematical model and solution procedure for collaborative allocation of design requirements in aircraft conceptual design are briefly depicted.

基于ArcGIS Engine的空间信息项目一体化管理系统的研究

测绘和地理信息空间数据作用重要,但不易管理。为此,文章从生产单位实际工作管理需求出发,分析了传统数据管理的不足和弊端,提出了基于Arc GIS Engine的空间信息项目一体化管理系统的研发思路,实现了多元空间信息数据及项目信息快速入库、便捷调用、统一管理,为市县级测绘单位的数据管理提供了一种方法。

新工科背景下“正/逆向设计加工”课程实践体系的探索与实践

阐述了长安大学现代工程训练中心建立的“正/逆向设计加工”课程实践体系的主要内容和实施效果。体系以教学融合+创新实践的方法进行构建,融合“CAD”“3D打印”“逆向工程”“CNC数控加工”等知识内容,采用递进式教学打破课程孤岛,鼓励学生自主创造,坚持全贯穿式教学实践环境。为培养新工科背景下的智能制造复合型人才提供了新型教学思路,对推动高校工程训练教学改革具有一定的借鉴意义。

新能源材料技术课程实施课程思政的设计及实践

在专业课程教学中融入课程思政是坚持立德树人、教书育人的需要。该文结合作者从事新能源材料技术课程教学的实际,深入挖掘该课程中的思政元素,并辅以适当的教学方法将职业道德教育、法律意识、环境保护理念和爱国主义教育等元素引入到课堂教学中,以此提高学生参与教学积极性,丰富材料相关专业教学内容,使学生在学习专业课程知识的同时思想道德素质得到全面提高。该文为专业课的课程思政实施提供有效案例,为材料专业人才落实立德树人根本任务、围绕培养目标、细化课程目标进行积极的探索,取得较好的效果。

模具设计卓越工程人才“三位一体、四方联动”产教融合培养模式探索与实践

在新时代、新经济和新工科背景下,培养大批能够适应模具产业发展和转型升级的模具设计卓越工程人才,越来越得到教育界与产业界的重视和关注。以产业需求为导向与以产教深度融合作为推进模具设计卓越工程人才培养的基本路径,创建了耦合教育链、人才链和产业链,政府搭建平台,以高校和企业为主导,第三方专业机构辅助的“三位一体、四方联动”校政企协同育人模式。该模式的创新之处是在政府、高校和企业之外,引入了既熟悉工程教育教学规律,又深谙企业生产实践的第三方专业机构,在政府的支持、调控与指导下,对接高校和企业,四方联合打造模具设计卓越工程人才培养协作共同体。该模式突破了传统校企合作的藩篱,解决了产教“联而不动、动而乏力”的问题,有效提升了材料成型和模具设计与制造专业毕业生与社会需求的契合度,促进了学生更加充分与更高质量的就业。

An integrated turbocharger design approach to improve engine performance

Turbocharging technology is today considered as a promising way for internal combustion engine energy saving and CO2 reduction.Turbocharger design is a major challenge for turbocharged engine performance improvement.The turbocharger designer must draw upon the information of engine operation conditions,and an appropriate link between the engine requirements and design features must be carefully developed to generate the most suitable design recommendation.The objective of this research is to develop a turbocharger design approach for better turbocharger matching to an internal combustion engine.The development of the approach is based on the concept of turbocharger design and interaction links between engine cycle requirements and design parameter values.A turbocharger through flow model is then used to generate the design alternatives.This integrated method has been applied with success to a gasoline engine turbocharger assembly.

基于学习进阶的中高职一体化课程设计研究——以汽车发动机构造与检修课为例

中高职一体化是一种推进中高职衔接、加强中高职贯通的培养模式。对现有中高职一体化研究现状分析,初步探明由于缺乏理论指导,当前中高职一体化课程存在课程内容重复、教学方式单一、学生学习积极性差等问题。以OECD学习框架2030、学习进阶理论、社会分工理论为基础构建了基于学习进阶的中高职一体化课程设计模型。选取汽车检测与维修技术专业核心课程“汽车发动机构造与检修”,从学习进阶理论的五大要素进阶终点、进阶维度、成就水平、学业表现和评测工具进行中高职一体化课程设计,提出实施建议,以期实现中高职一体化由形式上的合作走向内涵式融合发展。

A FRAMEWORK FOR APPLICATION OF SYSTEM ENGINEERING PROCESS MODELS TO SUSTAINABLE DESIGN OF HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS

Building owners,designers and constructors are seeing a rapid increase in the number of sustainably designed high performance buildings.These buildings provide numerous benefits to the owners and occupants to include improved indoor air quality,energy efficiency,and environmental site standards;and ultimately enhance productivity for the building occupants.As the demand increases for higher building energy efficiency and environmental standards,application of a set of process models will support consistency and optimization during the design process.Systems engineering process models have proven effective in taking an integrated and comprehensive view of a system while allowing for clear stakeholder engagement,requirements definition,life cycle analysis,technology insertion,validation and verification.This paper overlays systems engineering on the sustainable design process by providing a framework for application of the Waterfall,Vee,and Spiral process models to high performance buildings.Each process model is mapped to the sustainable design process and is evaluated for its applicability to projects and building types.Adaptations of the models are provided as Green Building Process Models.

安全工程专业课程思政“五维一体”建设路径探索

课程思政建设是落实立德树人根本任务的重要举措,在培养新时代高素质专业人才方面发挥着重要作用。文章剖析了安全工程专业课程思政建设中存在的问题,通过深入挖掘思政要素进行安全工程专业课程思政教学要点设计;针对安全工程专业实用性强、社会责任重的专业属性,以教育、专业、创新、实践、成效五个维度为着力点,构建了闭环式“五维一体”课程思政建设思路,以期实现从“育人”到“成果”的全过程课程思政建设,助力安全工程专业高素质人才的培养。

铁路工程建设可持续供应链网络集成优化研究

随着国家对铁路工程项目可持续发展的日益重视,迫切需要先进且集成的供应链网络设计方案理论与方法来提高供应链效率、可持续绩效以及资源利用率。实施可持续供应链网络设计已成为实现铁路工程可持续发展的重要途径,而供应商选择、物流设施选址、路径规划、库存管理以及工程废弃物回收再利用等决策是铁路工程供应链管理的核心与关键问题。针对我国铁路工程建设供应链管理特点,从可持续视角研究铁路工程建设供应链网络设计集成优化问题,提出两阶段的求解框架:其中,第1阶段基于可持续指标体系运用模糊TOPSIS方法确定最佳供应商选择;第2阶段针对物流设施选址、库存控制策略与网络最佳流量分配的集成决策问题,构建了基于模糊规划的多周期多目标供应链网络集成决策优化模型。该优化模型考虑了运输过程的不确定性,以供应链总成本、碳排放量最小以及社会效益最大为优化目标。针对上述多周期多目标优化模型的特征,设计了改进的宽容分层序列算法进行求解。最后,基于我国丰雄商铁路工程建设项目进行案例研究,验证了上述求解框架与算法的有效性,并针对单位运价、单位运输碳排放量以及弃置率3个关键参数进行了敏感性分析。研究结果表明:1)批量折扣策略可以在联合采购中节省大量成本;2)运输模式与路径优化对系统的效率和可持续绩效有决定性影响;3)与管理学手段相比,推进新能源的使用是降低碳排放量最有效的措施;4)社会效益的提高不可避免地需要更高的成本,政府合理的补贴政策是提高企业积极性的关键举措;5)长远来看,铁路工程项目中的废弃物回收利用是实现可持续工程建设的重要途径,其技术和应用的发展都应受到重视。

X语言、方法及工具——支持MBSE的新一代一体化建模仿真技术体系

在当前基于模型的系统工程(MBSE)实践中,基于现有的建模语言、方法与工具,仍难以实现系统设计与仿真验证之间真正的闭环,因此无法完整体现MBSE的全部价值。针对这一问题,本研究较为系统地介绍了新一代建模仿真语言——X语言及其技术体系,具体包括混合系统建模框架——XDEVS,X语言架构及基本要素,X语言支持下基于建模仿真的系统工程方法论——X-SEM,以及面向X语言的建模仿真软件——XLab。基于X语言技术体系可以实现全系统统一建模和一体化仿真验证。最后用一个案例展示了基于X语言及其工具并遵循X-SEM方法论的系统开发过程。