Nonlinear Stability Analysis of Long Span Continuous Rigid Frame Bridge with Thin Wall High Piers

By utilizing the current finite element program ANSYS, two types of finite element models (FEM), the beam model (BM) and shell model (SM), are established for the nonlinear stability analysis of a practical rigid frame bridge—Longtanhe Great Bridge. In these analyses, geometrical and material nonlinearities are simultaneously taken into account. For geometrical nonlinearity, updated Lagrangian formulations are adopted to derive the tangent stiffness matrix. In order to simulate the nonlinear behavior of the plastic hinge of the piers, the multi lines spring element COMBIN39 is used in the SM while the bilinear rotational spring element COMBIN40 is employed in the BM. Numerical calculations show that satisfying results can be obtained in the stability analysis of the bridge when the double coupling nonlinearity effects are considered. In addition, the conclusion is significant for practical engineering.

Light weight analysis of a skeleton vehicle frame using BS960 super-high-strength steel

Static strength finite element analysis was conducted to decrease the weight of a skeleton vehicle＇s frame. Results indicated that the maximum stress occurs on the front beam ＇s variable section area. Dynamic sensitivity analysis elucidated the relationship between the maximum stress and the thickness of a particular beam,e. g.,top,middle,and bottom beam. Displacement was analyzed by the key part that influenced the maximum stress. Finally,the new plan using BS960 super-high-strength beam steel and the preferred beam thickness was compared with the original plan. New combinations of beam thickness were introduced on the basis of different purposes; the maximum responding light w eight ratio was 21%.

Modal Correlation Based Analysis on Dynamic Characters of a Commercial Semi-Trailer's Chassis Frames

In order to evaluate two different schemes＇ structural dynamic characters, dynamic response analysis of a commercial truck＇s main chassis frames is carried out. On the basis of correlation study between the tested and calculated modal results, the assembled frames＇ finite element analysis （FEA） models with sufficient precision are built up. Random response analysis in frequency domain is carried out with these FEA models, RMS values of yon Mises and main principle stresses of these two frames are obtained. It shows that the analysis resuits of the distributing tendency and concrete value ranges are coincident very well with test results. And from the results, it could be concluded that frames of scheme A endures relative better loading conditions and should be adopted as the final scheme.

Fatigue Strength and Modal Analysis of Bogie Frame for DMUs Exported to Tunisia

The equivalent stress at key positions of Bogie Frame for DMUs Exported to Tunisia is obtained by using simulation analysis. The evaluation of static strength and fatigue strength is checked referring to UIC specification and Goodman sketch for welding materials. In addition, the modal analysis of the frame is made, and the vibrational modal of frame in given frequency domain is predetermined to evaluate the dynamical behavior of the frame in order to meet the dynamical design requirements. The results show that the key points of the calculated frame of the equivalent stress are less than allowable stress, and thus it could provide a theoretical foundation for the optimized design of frame structure and safety of industrial production.

NumericalAnalysisforBucklingandPost─BucklingBehaviorofPlanarFrames

Research on the problem of buckling and post buckling for structures is one of noticed directions in the field of engineering mechanics at present. Whether from the aspect of theory or from the aspect of numerical method, it is necessary to have a deep research on the problem. In this paper, a new geometrical nonlinear element and numerical implementation were presented. By some examples, the problem of buckling and post bukling for planar frames subjected to given loads was discussed in detail.

薄柔钢框架抗震性能试验

为实现钢结构住宅轻量化,采用大宽厚比钢构件组成的薄柔钢框架体系,通过合理的截面组配,实现体系的承载力与延性的平衡。为了研究薄柔钢框架体系的抗震性能,制作两个足尺薄柔钢框架,包括S1级、S3级和S4级截面宽厚比的构件,进行拟静力试验分析其破坏机制、滞回曲线、承载能力、延性和能量耗散能力等。结果表明:两个试件均以梁端和柱底区域局部屈曲变形为主要破坏模式,首次局部集中破坏出现在梁端,导致试件达到极限承载状态;在框架结构中关键位置屈曲变形的发生顺序和发展程度对框架的抗震性能有显著影响;薄柔钢框架结构在搭配不同截面宽厚比的构件下,可以在实现轻量化的同时仍有较高的延性和塑性耗能能力。最后,基于试验结果采用ABAQUS软件建立试件的有限元模型并进行参数分析,得到了在不同截面组配下模型的破坏机制及对应屈曲截面的内力变化。

Numerical and experimental study on seismic behavior of concrete-filled T-section steel tubular columns and steel beam planar frames

The seismic behavior of planar frames with concrete-filled T-section columns to steel beam was experimentally and numerically studied. A finite element analysis （FEA） model was developed to investigate the engineering properties of the planar frames. Two 1：2.5 reduced-scale specimens of T-section concrete-filled steel tubular column and steel beam of single-story and single-bay plane frames were designed and fabricated based on the design principles of strong-column, weak-beam and stronger-joint. One three-dimensional entity model of the investigated frame structure was built using a large-scale nonlinear finite-element analysis software ABAQUS. Experimental results show that the axial compression ratio has no effect on the failure mode of the structure, while with the increase of axial compression ratio and the dissipated energy ability increasing, the structural ductility decreased. The results from both experiments and simulations agree with each other, which verifies the validity and accuracy of the developed finite element model. Furthermore, the developed finite element model helps to reflect the detailed stress status of the investigated frame at different time and different positions.

Progressive Collapse of Steel Frames

This paper investigates the behavior of steel frames under progressive collapse using the finite element method. Non-linear finite element models have been developed and verified against existing data reported in the literature as well as against tests conducted by the authors. The nonlinear material properties of steel and nonlinear geometry were considered in the finite element models. The validated models were used to perform extensive parametric studies investigating different parameters affecting the behavior of steel frames under progressive collapse. The investigated parameters are comprised of different geometries, different number of stories and different dynamic conditions. The force redistribution and failure modes were evaluated from the finite element analyses, with detailed discussions presented.

Effect of Increasing Speed on Stress of Biaxial Bogie Frames

Increasing the trains’ speed has always been one of the goals of any railway industry and train manufacturers. Also, the influence of the train speed on bogie’s dynamics has an immense importance. Therefore, it is important to analyze the effect of train speed on the stress distribution in different parts of train structure. In this study the result of the increasing speed on the applied stresses of a biaxial bogie frame has been examined. For this purpose, a biaxial bogie frame has been modeled using finite element analysis. Static and dynamic forces applied on the bogie with biaxial frame have been obtained for different speeds and rail roughness. The Von Mises stresses are adopted as equivalent stresses in the strength calculation. The results show that maximum stress always has been induced in the bogie bowl also the increase in bogie’s speed has remarkable effect on the increment of applied stresses in the bogie frame.

Earthquake Response Characteristics of Contained Masonry Infilled Frames

The strength and stiffness contribution of infill masonry is generally ignored in the design, due to the uncertainty in the strength properties of masonry, separation of infill from frame, low tensile strength, brittle characteristics of masonry walls, less out of plane strength and stiffness, etc.. They are considered as nonstructural elements which is reasonable for the frames under gravity loads but it is not true for the frames under seismic loads. Contained masonry as infill in RC （reinforced concrete） frames provides better contact at the interface and a higher out of plane strength and stiffness. Considering the seismic action on the frames which are likely to be subjected to in-plane as well as out of plane shaking, a research work has been carried out by the authors to investigate the seismic performance of RC frames with and without contained masonry infill panels using FE （finite element） computer program （ANSYS-Ver. l 1） and experimentally using the tri-axial shake table to evaluate the methods proposed in IS-1893-2002 to calculate the fundamental natural frequency. The RC frames were designed and detailed as per IS （Indian Standard） specifications such as IS 456-2000, IS 1893-2002 and IS 13920-1993. Based on the experimental and analytical investigations, the contained masonry infill panels significantly affect the seismic load resisting characteristics of the RC frames. The IS 1893-2002 formulation does not predict the values and hence the recommendation needs to be validated with experimental results.

增层框架-摇摆墙体系抗震性能研究

目的基于既有建筑的结构无法满足使用需求现状,通过质量调节及变形模式控制实现结构自振周期延长与损伤可控。方法提出增层框架-摇摆墙体系,对该结构进行理论分析,研究增层对整体结构地震效应的影响机理;利用SAP2000平台建立五个有限元模型,基于规范反应谱开展参数敏感性、静力弹塑性和动力弹塑性分析;并在此基础上,提出摇摆墙简化力学模型。结果增层的质量及高度对整体结构地震作用影响显著;与原框架相比,增层后结构基本自振周期最大延长31.7%,最大弹塑性极限位移响应降低11.5%,最大位移角响应降低20.2%,结构变形不均匀性降低22.0%;与框架-摇摆墙相比,增层后摇摆墙弯矩在弹塑性极限状态下降低33.9%。结论合理设置增层框架-摇摆墙可以小幅降低结构整体地震作用,减小结构地震响应,对结构变形模式可实现有效控制;所建立的摇摆墙简化力学模型可合理反应地震作用下墙体弯矩分布,并使设计偏于安全。

柔性连接填充墙RC框架结构非线性有限元分析

为了研究橡胶作为新型柔性连接材料对填充墙钢筋混凝土(RC)框架结构抗震性能的影响,在7榀1/2缩尺填充墙RC框架结构低周反复加载试验的基础上,采用DIANA有限元软件分析了填充墙与框架之间的连接方式、砌块材料、柔性连接材料以及砂浆强度对填充墙RC框架结构抗震性能的影响。结果表明:与刚性连接相比,以橡胶作为新型柔性连接材料,能减缓结构的强度和刚度退化,极大降低结构的破坏程度,显著提高结构的抗震性能;高弹性橡胶和高阻尼橡胶作为柔性连接材料均表现出优异的抗震性能,而聚苯板(EPS)作为柔性连接材料的抗震性能要比橡胶差;刚性连接方式下不同砌块材料对结构抗震性能影响很大,当使用强度较高的砌块材料时建议采用柔性连接方式以减弱墙-框相互作用;合理降低砂浆的强度等级,可以改变填充墙的破坏模式,对抗震有利。

基于UEL的水电机组导轴承支架非线性连接模态特性分析

模态分析是水电机组故障诊断的重要方法,但其传统方法缺少对接触部分非线性接触的模拟手段,直接影响模态分析的准确性,也无法对链接部位的失效过程及趋势进行分析。该文基于用户自定义单元子程序接口(user-defined element subroutine interface,UEL),建立了结合部三维非线性专用分析单元模型。推导所提模型有限元格式的基本方程,获得表征材料非线性特性的本构关系;给出螺栓连接的固定结合部的静态分析,以及立式水轮发电机导轴承支架的模态分析算例;给出导轴承支架的支臂末端螺栓连接变刚度计算的工程应用实例。实验与仿真对比结果表明了建立的UEL三维非线性接触分析专用单元模型的正确性;连接失效分析表明了随着导轴承支架接触刚度的下降,会在整机模态频率计算中引入新的频率段这一结果的重要性。

平衡车车架拓扑优化设计与仿真分析

目的本研究以平衡车车架为研究对象,旨在满足模型强度与刚度约束条件的前提下,通过拓扑优化设计实现车架质量的减轻,从而为平衡车车架的轻量化设计提供参考。方法首先,通过SolidWorks软件建立车架的三维模型,然后利用ANSYS Workbench对原始车架进行静力学分析,以获取车架的应力分布情况。在此基础上,采用AltairInspire软件对原模型进行拓扑优化,优化目标是减少车架的质量。结果经过拓扑优化设计,得到了优化后的重构模型。与原始车架相比,优化后的车架质量减少了约54.0%。虽然优化后的车架在满足使用规范的前提下,米塞斯应力有所上升,但仍小于材料的屈服强度,确保了车架的安全性和稳定性。结论本研究通过拓扑优化方法有效地减少了平衡车车架的质量,同时保持了必要的结构强度和刚度。尽管优化后车架的应力有所增加,但仍在材料允许范围内,证明了拓扑优化在车架轻量化设计中的可行性。该方法为未来平衡车车架部件的设计和改进提供了新的思路和参考。

轮辐式索承网格屋盖钢结构单道胎架施工技术

泰安体育场作为山东省泰安市的新地标,其钢结构屋盖采用轮辐式索承网格结构,通过68榀径向索和1道中央环索形成张拉结构体系,最大悬挑跨度为45 m。通过数值分析对施工过程进行了精细化稳定性分析,针对不规则构件吊装的工程技术难点,进行了吊装方案的设计与优化;考虑到成本控制与施工周期,极具创新性地采用了径向单道胎架作为屋盖施工过程中的临时支撑,结合工程实际情况设计了胎架转换结构,并对单道胎架整体在多种可能的荷载组合作用下进行验算与校核。通过对体育场屋盖施工全过程的模拟以及对安装过程中的重难点进行优化分析,为现场施工的安全顺利开展提供了技术保障,可为其他类似采用单道胎架施工方法的工程提供施工方案设计的新思路。

起波配筋混凝土框架结构的抗内爆性能数值模拟

人工塑性铰在框架结构抗震研究中已经得到广泛应用,其能够控制梁塑性铰出现的位置,避免框架结构在地震中出现梁柱节点破坏而发生连续倒塌,实现“强柱弱梁”的设计目标。一种新型起波钢筋构造的人工塑性铰为结构抗爆设计提供了新的思路。现有的结构静载试验表明,起波钢筋兼具优异的变形性能和较强的极限承载力。采用简化混合建模的方法,基于有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,对采用不同起波配筋方案的钢筋混凝土框架结构进行数值模拟。研究结果表明:在爆炸荷载作用下,起波配筋梁能有效地吸收冲击力,降低支座反力,推迟反力峰值出现时间,保护梁柱节点,将破坏限制在梁板构件,从而防止结构发生连续倒塌。

自平衡框架在疲劳试验中的研究与应用

在以往的全机静力/疲劳试验中,通常采用立柱龙门架或者一体化加载框架来施加载荷,这两种加载方式均需借助地轨形成盒式结构。对于某民机后机身疲劳试验,试验区域无地轨、无顶棚,对加载提出了较大挑战。为解决试验件的支持及垂向、航向、侧向载荷施加等难题,在疲劳/静力试验加载框架研究的基础上,进一步发展了试验加载框架设计技术,提出了一体化自平衡整体加载框架设计方案,并进行了仿真与试验验证。试验结果表明,该加载方式可行有效,在后续全机和部件的静力/疲劳试验中有较大应用前景。

基于精细化建模的多跨连续刚构桥悬臂施工控制有限元分析

连续刚构桥在悬臂浇筑施工中,由于结构体系随着施工进程而不断变化,导致结构的受力和变形变化幅度较大。为确保多跨连续刚构桥顺利合龙且应力状态满足设计要求,需对施工中结构状态进行分析。以马金任河特大桥主桥为工程背景,通过建立精细化的有限元模型并计算分析了各施工阶段桥梁的结构参数指标,获得了主梁的内力状态及施工预变形值,结果表明:成桥后桥梁结构的受力状态与目标一致,该控制方法的实际应用效果良好,可以为其他类似工程提供一定的借鉴。

集中荷载下新型带斜支撑型钢混凝土框架结构受力性能

为解决常规地下空间转换结构尺寸大、设计施工困难的难题,提出一种自重轻、截面小、跨越能力大的新型带斜支撑型钢混凝土框架结构(简称新型结构)作为大跨度地下空间的转换结构。通过midas有限元软件分析新型结构在集中荷载下的受力模式,并与常规无斜支撑框架结构对比,结果表明:新型结构梁正、负弯矩分别降低72%、17%,柱外侧弯矩降低20%;新型结构斜支撑内侧梁、柱轴力和剪力与斜支撑布置有关;新型结构梁挠度降低33%,柱侧向变形增加20%。经济性分析表明:相比常规结构型钢混凝土转换梁,新型结构转换梁可降低自重27%,节约钢材10%,综合造价降低约10%,具有良好的经济效益。

混合动力城市客车车架结构分析及轻量化设计

车架作为混合动力城市客车的主要承载结构,其强度和刚度会影响混合动力城市客车的稳定性、舒适性和续航性等。通过对混合动力城市客车的车架静强度进行分析,得出了混合动力城市客车车架在不同工况下的应力和应变情况,以混合动力城市客车车架轻量化为目标,对混合动力城市客车车架进行结构进行了优化和验证,既有效地减少了混合动力城市客车的排放,也改善了混合动力城市客车的综合性能。