Sr含量对Al-Si合金显微组织和热导率的影响

以纯铝、Al-20Si和Al-10Sr中间合金为原料,Sr为变质剂(含量为0.01%、0.02%、0.04%和0.06%,质量分数),制备了Al-7Si-xSr、Al-12Si-xSr和Al-20Si-xSr合金,研究了Sr含量对Al-Si合金相变储热材料显微组织及热导率的影响。利用Hot Disk热常数分析仪测量合金的热导率,通过扫描电镜观察及分析合金的显微组织。结果表明:在Al-Si合金中添加变质元素Sr会影响合金的热导率,Al-7Si-0.04Sr合金热导率较Al-7Si合金增加了73.47 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),Al-20Si-0.04Sr合金的热导率较Al-20Si合金增加了24.09 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),Al-12Si-0.04Sr合金的热导率较Al-12Si合金增加了17.79 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)。铝硅合金热导率的增长主要与α(Al)、共晶硅和初晶硅的形貌有关。经过Sr变质之后,Al-7Si合金中共晶Si立体形貌均由片层状转变为珊瑚状,Al-12Si和Al-20Si合金中共晶Si立体形貌由片层状转变为枝条状;其中,Al-7Si合金中α(Al)尺寸明显减少、排列紧密,二次枝晶臂间距逐渐减小;Al-20Si合金中的初晶Si尺寸明显减小,其形貌由多角的大块状变为小块状;α(Al)形态的转变不仅能够为自由电子的传输提供快速通道,而且还会使得共晶Si的排列更加规则,减少自由电子发生散射的几率,对合金的热导率影响较大。共晶Si由片层状转变为珊瑚状或枝条状,增加电子的平均自由程,有利于电子的传输。Al-20Si合金的热导率与初晶Si的形态有着重要联系,大尺寸且形状完整的初晶Si会发生晶格振动,会提高合金的热导率。

Al-Sr-La中间合金改性对A356铝合金组织和性能的影响

采用Al-Sr-La中间合金对A356铝合金进行改性处理,研究了Sr和La对A356铝合金微观结构和力学性能的协同变质机制。结果表明:添加0.5 mass%的Al-Sr-La中间合金对A356铝合金的改性效果最佳,此时A356铝合金具有优良的显微组织与力学性能,其α-Al相的晶粒细小,二次枝晶臂间距(SDAS)降低至14.2μm,较未改性的A356铝合金降低了36.6%,针状共晶Si转变为蠕虫状共晶Si,平均晶粒尺寸减小至0.86μm。与未改性的A356铝合金相比,添加0.5 mass%的Al-Sr-La中间合金改性后,合金的抗拉强度增加了22.4%,屈服强度增加了11.1%,伸长率增加了89.7%。最后,在实验结果的基础上,结合凝固理论,研究了Sr和La的协同变质机制。Sr吸附于Si相生长界面上,产生孪晶平面,抑制Si相的生长,使得Si以孪晶凹谷机制生长,实现对共晶Si的改性;La则由于Sr对Si的作用,使得La在共晶Si的凹槽处聚集,阻碍了Si的生长,改善共晶Si的形貌。

Effect of Sr content on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Li-Al-Mn alloy

The as-cast Mg-8Li-3Al-0.5Mn-xSr（LAM830-xSr, x=0-1.0） alloys were designed and prepared in a vacuum induction furnace under controlled argon atmosphere. The alloys were then processed by hot extrusion, and their microstructural evolution and mechanical properties were analyzed. Results indicate that the LAM830 alloy mainly consists of α-Mg, β-Li, Al2Mn3, and LiMgAl2 phases. Sr addition results in the precipitation of Al-Sr. Moreover, Sr addition results in a fact that the secondary dendrite arm spacing（DAS） of the primary α-Mg phase is obvious refined. Microstructure of the investigated alloys is further refined as a result of the hot extrusion treatment. The content and morphology of the secondary phases have important effects on the mechanical properties of the alloys. The as-extruded LAM830-0.5Sr alloy exhibits an optimal elongation of 22.43% and as-extruded LAM830-0.75 Sr alloy shows an optimal tensile strength of 265.46 MPa.

Ca含量对时效态Mg-6.5Al-xCa-1Sn-0.3Sr镁合金显微组织和性能的影响

通过XRD、SEM和性能测试研究了Ca含量的变化对时效态Mg-6.5Al-xCa-1Sn-0.3Sr(x=1,1.5,2,2.5)镁合金的显微组织和性能的影响。结果表明,时效态合金主要由α-Mg和Al_(2)Ca相组成,Al_(2)Ca相成网状分布。合金的抗拉强度和伸长率随着Ca加入量的增加而逐渐降低,当Ca含量为1%时合金的拉伸性能最佳,而合金的硬度随着Ca的加入而增加。在175℃、70 MPa下,Ca的添加使时效态合金的稳态蠕变速率降低。

Sr添加量对过共晶Al-20%Si合金铸态组织和硬度的影响

采用Al-10%Sr对Al-20%Si合金进行变质处理,研究Sr对Al-20%Si合金的铸态组织和硬度的影响。Sr可以同时细化Al-20%Si合金中的初晶硅和共晶硅,当Sr的添加量达到0.4%时,初晶硅晶粒细化效果最明显,初晶硅的形貌由大的板块状变为变态后的细的鱼骨状,共晶硅由长针状变为颗粒状。X射线衍射分析表明,在变质后的合金中生成了Al_(2)Si_(2)Sr相。扫描电镜分析表明,当Sr添加量为0.4%时,Al-20%Si合金样品中出现了白色的菱形组织Al_(2)Si_(2)Sr相,即XRD测试分析中的Al-Si-Sr三元相。硬度试验表明,当Sr的添加量为0.4%时,Al-20%Si合金的硬度达到最大值64 HB,随着Sr添加量的进一步增加,其硬度呈现下降趋势。

Preparation of Al-Sr Master Alloy in Aluminum Electrolysis Cell

Al Sr master alloy was prepared by using liquid aluminum cathode and a mixture of Na 3AlF 6 - SrCO 3 as the basic molten salt electrolyte in a laboratory electrolysis cell.The effects of electrolyte composition,electrolysis temperature,cathodic current density and the electrolytic duration on Sr content of Al Sr alloy were studied.Through laboratory experiments,the parameters for smooth electrolytic reaction were proposed.

Modification and refinement effects of Sb and Sr on Mg_(17)Al_(12) and Mg_2Si phases in Mg-12Al-0.7Si alloy

The effects of Sb and Sr on the modification and refinement of Mg17Al12 and Mg2Si phases in Mg- 12Al-0.7Si alloy were investigated and compared. The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-12Al0.7Si alloy and its modification mechanism by Sb and Sr were investigated using a scanning electron microscope （SEM）, an energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and differential thermal analysis （DTA）. The results indicate that by adding 0.5wt.% Sb to the Mg-12Al-0.7Si alloy, the Mg17Al12 phase was refined and broken into some discontinuous island structures. However, some network Mg17Al12 phases still can be detected in Mg-12Al-0.7Si-0.09Sr alloy. Therefore, Sb performs better in modification and refinement of Mg17Al12 phase than does Sr. Small amounts of fine polygonal shaped Mg2Si phases were found in Mg-12AI-0.7Si-0.5Sb alloy, while the morphology of Mg2Si phases in Mg-12Al-0.7Si-0.09Sr alloy changed from the coarse Chinese script shapes to fine granule and irregular polygonal shapes, indicating that the effects of modification and refinement on Mg2Si phase are more significant by adding 0.09wt.% Sr than 0.5wt.% Sb. The ultimate tensile strengths of the Sb and Sr modified Mg-12Al-0.7Si alloys were considerably increased both at room temperature and at 200 ℃.

Modification and refinement mechanism of Mg_2Si phase in Sr-containing AZ61-0.7Si magnesium alloy

The effect of Sr on modification and refinement of the Mg 2 Si phase in an AZ61-0.7Si magnesium alloy has been investigated and analyzed.The results indicate that Sr can effectively modify and refine the Chinese-script shaped Mg2Si phase in the AZ61-0.7Si alloy.By adding 0.06wt.%-0.12wt.%Sr to AZ61-0.7Si alloy,the Mg2Si phase in the alloy can be changed from the initial coarse Chinese-script shape to fine granule and/or irregular polygonal shapes.Accordingly,the Sr-containing AZ61-0.7Si alloy exhibits higher tensile and creep properties than the AZ61-0.7Si alloy without Sr modification.The mechanism on modification and refinement of the Mg2Si phase in Sr-containing AZ61-0.7Si alloy is possibly related to the following two aspects:(1)adding Sr may form the Al4Sr phase which can serve as the heterogeneous nucleus for the Mg2Si particles and/or(2)adding Sr may lower the onset crystallizing temperature and increase the undercooling level.

Effects of Solution Treatment Time and Sr-Modification on Microstructure and Mechanical Property of Al-Si Piston Alloy

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effects of solution treatment time and Sr-modification on the microstructure and property of the Al-Si piston alloy.It was found that as-cast microstructures of unmodified and Sr-modified Al-Si alloys consisted of a coarse acicular plate of eutectic Si,Cu_3NiAl_6 and Mg_2Si phases in theα-Al matrix but different in size and morphology.Both size and inter-particle spacing of Si particles were significantly changed by increasing the solution treatment time.After a short solution treatment,the coarse acicular plate of the eutectic Si appears to be fragmented.Fully modified microstructure of Sr-modified alloy can reduce the solution treatment time compared to unmodified alloy.The maximum of a peak hardness value is found in the very short solution treatment of both Al-Si piston alloys.Compared to 10 h solution treatment,the solution treatment of 2-4 h is sufficient to achieve appropriate microstructures and hardness. The short solution treatment is very useful to increase the productivity and to reduce the manufacturing cost of the Al-Si piston alloys.

Distributions of Sr and Fe and their influence on modification of hypoeutectic Al-Si alloy

The influence of cooling rate and Fe-containing phases on Sr-modification of Si phases in hypoeutectic Al-Si alloys, a problem with great industrial importance, was investigated. The microstructures of samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX). A new method of electron probe microanalysis(EPMA) map scanning was used to analyze the Sr distribution, which gave quantitative results covering more Si particles. EPMA map scanning, together with SEM with EDX, was also used in analyzing the distribution of Fe phases. Results show that Fe-containing phase was related to the unmodified Si particles in samples with partial modification failure and the plate-like Si phases in samples without modification failure. Such a relationship was further confirmed by the microstructure observation.In conclusion, a partial failure of Sr-modification can be caused by both slow cooling rate and Fe-containing phases.

Specific heat of superheated Al-10Sr alloy melts

The specific heat of superheated Al 10Sr melts was determined at different heating rates between 1 K/min and 20 K/min using a differential scanning calorimeter(DSC). As a whole, the specific heat increases with increasing temperature. A hump is observed on the specific heat curve at the temperature corresponding to the phase boundary temperature dependent on heating rate. Moreover, the hump shifts to higher temperature in the measured temperature range from about 840 ℃ to 890 ℃ with increasing heating rate. At certain temperature in the higher superheated zone, the specific heat of the melt as a function of temperature shows a sharp rise . The result indicates that disorder zone fraction begins to increase while atom clusters fraction decreases at the breaking temperature. [

MODIFICATION EFFECT OF Sr ON Al-Si ALLOYS

By inserting the single crystal silicon seeds into Sr modified Al-22wt-% Si alloy melts,the fact that nucleation and growth of Si-phase are affected by Sr addition has been confirmed.It is suggested that this effect is caused by the adsorption of Sr on{111}_(si),and the modification of eutectic structure results from the variation of leading phase in the eutectic from Si to α-Al.

Effect of Sr on forming properties of Al-Mg-Si based alloy sheets

The effects of Sr element on the forming properties of the Al-Mg-Si based alloy sheets were studied by tensile test, metallograph, DSC, XRD, SEM and TEM. The results show that the tensile strength of aluminum alloy sheet added 0.033%(mass fraction)Sr increases comparing with that of free Sr. Simultaneously, the forming properties of sheets evidently increase, the elongation hardenability (n) and plastic strain ratio (r) and Erichsen number increase 27.8%, 11.1%, 10.8% and 12%, respectively, and the forming limit diagram increases evidently, too. The analysis shows that Sr is surface active element, which can refine grains of alloys, promote precipitation, reduce activation energy ofβ' phase, and lead the formation ofα-(Al8Fe2Si) phase instead ofβ-(Al5FeSi) phase. As a result, the forming properties of the alloy sheet increase.

Transient spinodal decomposition during annealing of rapidly solidified Al-10Sr alloy

Rapidly solidified Al-10Sr alloy ribbons were prepared using a single roller melt spinning technique. The annealing process of the rapidly solidified Al-10Sr alloy has been carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The microstructure of as-annealed Al-10Sr alloy has been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The equilibrium AUSr phase is dominant in the as-annealed alloy. Besides the Al4Sr phase, an AlSr phase is also found in the alloy isothermally annealed at 873 K for 90 min. Furthermore, a modulated nanostructure was observed in the alloy isothermally annealed at 873 K for 90 min. With further prolonged annealing time, however, the AlSr phase disappears in the as-annealed alloy. The dependence of particle size and growth rate on annealing time as well as the modulated structure shows that the occurrence of the AlSr phase may be due to the spinodal decomposition.

混合稀土对Sr变质近共晶Al-Si合金组织的影响

研究了在Sr变质的近共晶Al 1 1 .6%Si(质量分数 )合金中加入混合稀土 (MM )对组织的影响。Sr对二次枝臂间距 (DAS)起着重要的作用 ,随着Sr含量的增加 ,DAS减小 ;随着MM加入量的增加 ,枝晶α的数量增加 ,主干长度缩短 ,存在等轴化趋向 ,但同时导致DAS增加 ,也导致共晶硅尺寸增大。MM的加入在某种程度上削弱了Sr的变质作用。

Sr对Al-15.5Si合金共晶团大小的影响

在不同的冷却速度下,考察了Sr量对Al- 15 .5Si合金共晶团尺寸大小的影响。试验结果表明:随合金中Sr量增加,在金属型和干型冷却条件下,共晶团大小均呈现明显的减少趋势;共晶团大小受冷却速度影响显著,在相同Sr量下,金属型冷却下的共晶团的尺寸小于砂型冷却下的共晶团尺寸。

Sr变质对Al-Si合金组织的影响

利用扫描电镜、透射电镜等分析手段，研究了Al-10Sr变质剂对Al—Si合金中共晶Si形貌及尺寸的影响。实验结果表明，Sr变质工艺不仅对共晶Si的组织产生很大的影响，并且影响Si的生长特征。随Sr加入量的增加，共晶硅的形貌由片状变为针片状加纤维状，最后为细小纤维状，而且纤维状共晶硅越来越细小；随加入温度的提高，共晶Si组织逐渐均匀和细化。最佳的Sr变质工艺为：加入量0．03％～0．05％、加入温度740-750℃、变质后保温时间40min。加Sr变质后共晶硅连续生长，成束分布，分枝较多。通常含有高密度孪晶，且常有两个或两个以上孪晶系同时启动，孪晶化晶体分布不均匀。

Mg-5Al-0.8Ca-0.2La-xSr合金的显微组织及高温力学性能

采用真空熔化、精炼和无氧化重力铸造工艺，制备了不同Sr含量的Mg-5Al-0．8Ca-0．2La镁合金试样。研究了Sr对该镁合金的显微组织、室温与150～200℃温度区间内力学性能的影响。结果表明：基体合金组织除含α-Mg相外，主要由骨骼状和条状的Al2Ca相、点状的Al11La3颗粒相以及少量的β-Mg17Al12相组成；Sr的加入显著细化了基体合金的显微组织，抑制β-Mg17Al12相的析出，并在晶界上析出Mg-Al-Sr三元耐热相，提高了合金的高温力学性能；随着Sr含量的增加，虽然合金的室温抗拉强度和伸长率呈下降趋势，但合金的高温抗拉强度（σb）和屈服强度（σ0．2）得到明显提高；当Sr含量在0．5％时，合金的综合力学性能最佳。

Mg-Sr合金及Mg-Al-Sr合金的微观组织研究与分析

Mg-Sr合金的变质效果和Mg-Al-Sr合金的耐热性能均与其组织有紧密关系。采用对渗法的原理,成功制备出Mg-Sr合金和Mg-Al-Sr合金,利用金相光学显微镜、电子扫描电镜、X射线衍射分析仪等先进测试技术对其微观组织进行深入的研究分析。研究结果表明:Mg-Sr合金的组织主要包括树枝状的基体相а-Mg和板条状、针状的共晶组织(а-Mg+Mg17Sr2);Mg-Al-Sr合金的组织则是细小树枝状初生а-Mg相和条状、片状共晶组织,其组成成分包括а-Mg相、共晶化合物Mg17Sr2、Mg12Al17、Al4Sr和Mg-Al-Sr三元化合物,其微观组织形态及共晶组织成分与Sr/Al的比值有关。

Sr对高铁Al-Si合金组织和性能的影响

研究了Sr元素(加入量分别为0.03%、0.06%、0.09%、0.12%和0.18%)对含Fe量为1.2%的ZL102合金的组织和性能的影响。研究发现,随着Sr元素的加入,合金中粗大的针状Fe相开始出现断裂分叉现象,同时针状Fe相的长度也随Sr元素加入量的增加而减小,但Sr对Fe相的针状形貌没有明显改变。随着Sr元素加入量逐渐增加,合金的抗拉强度和伸长率均呈现出先增后减的变化趋势。当Sr元素加入量达到0.12%时,合金材料的综合力学性能最佳。