Mg对亚共晶Al-10Mg_(2)Si合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究了不同Mg含量对含10 mass%Mg_(2)Si的亚共晶Al-Mg-Si合金显微组织、拉伸性能和断裂行为的影响。结果表明:在合金中添加1.2~2.8 mass%的Mg能够减小初生α-Al枝晶的尺寸,适量的Mg明显地细化了合金中的Mg_(2)Si共晶相,并使其形貌由粗大的汉字状转变为短条状、颗粒状和纤维状。共晶Mg_(2)Si的细化归因于Mg原子团簇在其两侧的富集,抑制了共晶Mg_(2)Si的生长,促进了其生长方向的改变。适量的Mg的添加同时提高了合金的强度和塑性,添加2.8 mass%Mg的合金拉伸性能达到最高,抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别由未添加Mg的232.4 MPa、150.4 MPa和1.5%增加到322.0 MPa、270.4 MPa和6.1%,分别提高了38.6%、79.8%和306.7%。未添加Mg的合金的断裂机制为脆性断裂,添加2.8 mass%Mg的合金的断裂机制转变为韧性断裂。

Effect of Ti on microstructure and properties of electromagnetic stirred Al-18wt.%Mg_(2)Si alloy

By adding different amounts of Ti into the electromagnetic stirred Al-18wt.%Mg_(2)Si alloy,the effect of Ti element on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy was studied.The experimental results show that the microstructure is refined after modification with Ti,which is related to the heterogeneous nucleation of TiAl_(3) particles on theα-Al matrix.With the increase of Ti content and holding time after stirring,the primary Mg_(2)Si phase is refined firstly and then coarsened,and correspondingly,the mechanical properties of the alloy show a trend of increasing at first and then decreasing.When the addition of Ti is 0.5wt.%and the holding time is about 20 min,the refinement effect of primary Mg_(2)Si phase is the most significant and the mechanical properties of the alloy are optimal.

Al-5Ti-1B与Y复合添加对铸造Mg-5Al-5Si合金的影响

【目的】为细化Mg-Al-Si合金中的粗大Mg_(2)Si相,添加Al-5Ti-1B和稀土Y对Mg-5Al-5Si合金进行变质处理。【方法】熔炼制得不同成分的Mg-Al-Si合金,使用多种测试方法对变质前后合金成分、微观组织及力学性能进行分析,并讨论其变质机理。【结果】结果表明:在Mg-5Al-5Si合金中添加Al-5Ti-1B,初生相形貌由粗大块状转变为细枝晶状或多边形状,共晶相数量随着Al-5Ti-1B添加量的增加而减少,合金硬度显著提高,这是因为TiB_(2)为Mg_(2)Si提供了形核基底。当合金中添加1.0%Al-5Ti-1B时,再添加Y会使初生相尺寸进一步减小,形貌规整。当复合添加1.0%Al-5Ti-1B和1.0%Y时,初生Mg_(2)Si相平均尺寸降低到10.2μm,形貌为细小多边形状,合金拉伸力学性能最优,稀土Y的变质机理主要为吸附毒化。

Corrosion mechanism associated with Mg_2Si and Si particles in Al-Mg-Si alloys

The electrochemical behaviors and coupling behaviors of the Mg2Si and Si phases with α（Al） were investigated, the corrosion morphologies of Al alloys containing Mg2Si and Si particles were observed, and the corrosion mechanism associated with them in Al-Mg-Si alloys was advanced. The results show that Si particle is always cathodic to the alloy base, Mg2Si is anodic to the alloy base and corrosion occurs on its surface at the beginning. However, during its corrosion process, the preferential dissolution of Mg and the enrichment of Si make Mg2Si transform to cathode from anode, leading to the anodic dissolution and corrosion of the alloy base at its adjacent periphery at a later stage. As the mole ratio of Mg to Si in an Al-Mg-Si alloy is less than 1.73, it contains Mg2Si and Si particles simultaneously in the grain boundary area, and corrosion initiates on the Mg2Si surface and the precipitate-free zone （PFZ） at the adjacent periphery of Si particle. As corrosion time is extended, Si particle leads to severe anodic dissolution and corrosion of the PFZ at its adjacent periphery, expedites the polarity transformation between Mg2Si and the PFZ and accelerates the corrosion of PFZ at the adjacent periphery of Mg2Si particle.

P-RE复合变质对过共晶Al-20%Si-Mg合金凝固组织的影响

以过共晶Al-20%Si-Mg合金为研究对象,利用金相显微镜分析了不同成分配比的P-RE复合变质剂对合金凝固组织的影响。试验结果表明,P-RE复合变质剂对过共晶Al-20%Si-Mg合金的初晶硅和共晶硅均有良好的变质和细化作用,当变质剂配比为0.06%P+0.8%RE时,合金取得最好的变质效果,初晶硅由粗大的多边形块状变为钝化角状、块状或近球形,且分布更为均匀,平均尺寸由未变质的82.3μm细化到15.2μm;共晶硅由长的粗针状转变为颗粒状或短棒状,平均尺寸由未变质的9.1μm细化到3.6μm。

Effects of Mg content on primary Mg_2Si phase in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys

Hypereutectic Al-Si alloy with variant Mg contents were fabricated by casting,and the effects of Mg content on the microstructure of primary Mg2Si particles in hypereutectic Al-Si alloys were investigated.The results show that the volume fraction of primary Mg2Si particles increases linearly with raising the Mg content,but the average size of Mg2Si particles does not exhibit a corresponding change.When the Mg content is 3%,á1 0 0？ directions have the fastest growth velocity,so that Mg2Si particles are likely to form octahedron shape.When gradually increasing the Mg content,the distributions of Mg and Si atoms on the solid-liquid interface become inhomogeneous,which results in the formation of irregular octahedron structures.Finally,when the Mg content is about 10%,the morphology of primary Mg2Si particles changes from the octahedron shape into various complex structures with a large size.

P和La对Al-20Mg2Si合金凝固组织及力学性能的影响

研究了0~0.75%的P、La以及0.5%P和0.5%La复合处理对Al-20Mg2Si合金凝固组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:P、La及其复合变质均可改善合金的凝固组织和力学性能。随着P或La加入量的增加,合金中初生Mg2Si相的尺寸都先减小后增大,转折点均为0.5%,同时组织中出现了Mg3(PO4)2P和Al11La3相;在复合处理条件下,初生Mg2Si相的尺寸最小,比未变质时减小了63.7%。合金的力学性能均与初生Mg2Si相的尺寸对应,随P或La加入量的增加,力学性能先增加后减小。复合处理时,合金力学性能最优,其抗拉强度和伸长率分别比未变质试样提高了40.5%和159%。

Ce孕育剂作用下的Al-20%Mg2Si复合材料微观组织和力学性能的变化规律

研究了Ce孕育剂对原位内生工艺制备的Al-20%Mg2Si复合材料微观组织和力学性能的影响及其作用机理.结果表明,Ce孕育剂能够有效改善Al-20%Mg2Si复合材料的晶粒尺寸、组织形貌及其分布规律.添加Ce的质量分数由0增至1.2%时,增强相Mg2Si颗粒的尺寸先减小后增大,同时复合材料的各项力学性能指标(极限拉伸强度UTS、断裂伸长率BE和维氏硬度HV)也先提高后降低.当Ce孕育剂添加质量分数为0.6%时,Al-20%Mg 2Si中增强相Mg 2Si的组织形貌最好,分布最均匀,细化效果也最明显,同时各力学性能指标达到极值,UTS由157.9 MPa提高到200.9 MPa,BE由2.96%提高到了3.91%,HV由145.2 MPa提高到184.8 MPa.

Modification and refinement effects of Sb and Sr on Mg_(17)Al_(12) and Mg_2Si phases in Mg-12Al-0.7Si alloy

The effects of Sb and Sr on the modification and refinement of Mg17Al12 and Mg2Si phases in Mg- 12Al-0.7Si alloy were investigated and compared. The microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-12Al0.7Si alloy and its modification mechanism by Sb and Sr were investigated using a scanning electron microscope （SEM）, an energy dispersive spectrometer （EDS）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and differential thermal analysis （DTA）. The results indicate that by adding 0.5wt.% Sb to the Mg-12Al-0.7Si alloy, the Mg17Al12 phase was refined and broken into some discontinuous island structures. However, some network Mg17Al12 phases still can be detected in Mg-12Al-0.7Si-0.09Sr alloy. Therefore, Sb performs better in modification and refinement of Mg17Al12 phase than does Sr. Small amounts of fine polygonal shaped Mg2Si phases were found in Mg-12AI-0.7Si-0.5Sb alloy, while the morphology of Mg2Si phases in Mg-12Al-0.7Si-0.09Sr alloy changed from the coarse Chinese script shapes to fine granule and irregular polygonal shapes, indicating that the effects of modification and refinement on Mg2Si phase are more significant by adding 0.09wt.% Sr than 0.5wt.% Sb. The ultimate tensile strengths of the Sb and Sr modified Mg-12Al-0.7Si alloys were considerably increased both at room temperature and at 200 ℃.

Yield strength prediction of rolled Al-(1.44-12.40)Si-0.7Mg alloy sheets under T4 condition

The effects of Si content on the microstructure and yield strength of Al-(1.44-12.40)Si-0.7 Mg(wt.%)alloy sheets under the T4 condition were systematically studied via laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM),DSC,TEM and tensile tests.The results show that the recrystallization grain of the alloy sheets becomes more refined with an increase in Si content.When the Si content increases from 1.44 to 12.4 wt.%,the grain size of the alloy sheets decreases from approximately 47 to 10μm.Further,with an increase in Si content,the volume fraction of the GP zones in the matrix increases slightly.Based on the existing model,a yield strength model for alloy sheets was proposed.The predicted results are in good agreement with the actual experimental results and reveal the strengthening mechanisms of the Al-(1.44-12.40)Si-0.7 Mg alloy sheets under the T4 condition and how they are influenced by the Si content.

Mg含量对Al-20Si合金显微组织及力学性能的影响

通过光学显微镜、力学万能试验机、X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜分析了Mg含量对Al-20Si铝合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:合金中主要有α-Al、共晶硅、初生硅和Mg2Si等相存在,随着Mg含量的增加初生硅数量逐渐减少,并且变得细小;抗拉强度逐渐增加,而伸长率呈先下降后上升的趋势,硬度与伸长率的变化趋势相反。

Finite element analysis of stress-strain localization and distribution in Al-4.5Cu-2Mg alloy

Finite element analysis has been carried out to understand the effect of various processing routes and condition on the microscale deformation behavior of Al–4.5 Cu–2 Mg alloy. The alloy has been developed through four different routes and condition, i.e. conventional gravity casting with and without refiner, rheocasting and SIMA process. The optical microstructures of the alloy have been used to develop representative volume elements（RVEs）. Two different boundary conditions have been employed to simulate the deformation behavior of the alloy under uniaxial loading. Finally, the simulated stress-strain behavior of the alloy is compared with the experimental result. It is found that the microstructural morphology has a significant impact on stress and strain distribution and load carrying capacity. The eutectic phase always carries a higher load than the α（Al） phase. The globular α（Al） grains with thinner and uniformly distributed eutectic network provide a better stress and strain distribution. Owing to this, SIMA processed alloy has better stress and strain distribution than other processes. Finally, the simulated yield strength of the alloy is verified by experiment and they have great agreement.

Sb对Mg-4Al-2Si合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

研究了合金元素Sb对Mg-4Al-2Si合金显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明，加入少量的Sb（0．25％～0．75％）能有效细化汉字状Mg2Si相颗粒和α（Mg）基体组织，并在合金中形成Mg1Sb2相，提高合金的力学性能：当Sb含量为0．25％时，Mg2Si颗粒显著细化；当Sb含量为0．75％时，α（Mg）基体组织的细化效果最佳，形成了细小、均匀的α（Mg）等轴晶组织，此时合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度达到最大值；当Sb含量大于0．75％时，Mg2Si相颗粒向晶界大量偏聚并粗化，导致材料力学性能迅速下降。

Sb对原位Mg_2Si/Al-5Si复合材料显微组织的影响

研究了Sb含量对Mg2Si/Al-5Si复合材料显微组织的影响。结果表明,随着Sb含量的增加,初生Mg2Si颗粒形貌明显发生了细化,Mg2Si形态由变质前的汉字体和枝晶状变为细小的、均匀分布的颗粒状,Mg2Si体积分数也有所增加。当Sb含量为0·4%时,细化效果达到最佳,由变质前的52μm变为25μm。当Sb含量超过0·4%后,Mg2Si颗粒尺寸开始粗化,因此,过量的Sb对Mg2Si颗粒的细化无益。Sb对Mg2Si颗粒的细化主要由于AlSb引起的异质形核作用,Sb使液相线温度和熔体表面张力σLV降低,对Mg2Si颗粒的细化也具有一定的作用。

Mg-4Al-2Si合金固溶处理过程中Mg_2Si相颗粒的球状化

实验研究了Mg-4Al-2Si合金固溶处理过程中汉字状Mg2Si相颗粒的球化现象及其工艺参数对球化的影响。结果发现:Si沿Mg/Mg2Si界面扩散,使粗大的汉字状Mg2Si颗粒发生部分溶断,并依靠自发球化的趋势通过向未溶的粒状Mg2Si扩散聚集完成球化;最佳球化工艺为420℃保温16h。

Morphology modification of Mg_2Si by Sr addition in Mg-4%Si alloy

A modification of Mg2Si in the hypereutectic Mg-4%Si alloy（mass fraction） with Sr was investigated.Two types of Mg2Si in the alloys were found：polygonal primary Mg2Si and Chinese script type eutectic Mg2Si.Adding Al-10% Sr master alloy to the Mg-4%Si alloy clearly reduced the average size of primary Mg2Si and changed the morphology of eutectic Mg2Si from Chinese script type to polyhedral or fine fibre shape.The refinement of primary Mg2Si is mainly attributed to the heterogeneous nucleation mechanism induced by the Sr-rich particles.The modification of eutectic Mg2Si results from the dissolved Sr,which alters the preferred growth manner of the eutectic.

往复挤压Mg-4Al-2Si合金的高温拉伸性能

利用往复挤压制备细晶Mg-4Al-2Si合金,采用OM、XRD和SEM分析合金组织,在150℃和1.33×10-3s-1初始应变速率下测试合金的拉伸性能。结果表明:铸态组织由α-Mg、β-Mg17Al12、共晶型汉字状Mg2Si和少量初生块状Mg2Si组成。经过8道次往复挤压后,α-Mg和Mg2Si颗粒的尺寸分别为2.1和1.3μm,高温抗拉强度、屈服强度、伸长率和拉伸强度保持率分别为250MPa、197MPa、62%和88%。优良的高温性能归因于细小的基体组织和稳定的Mg2Si颗粒对晶界的有效钉扎作用。

Modification of Mg_2Si in Mg-Si alloys with neodymium

The modification effect of neodymium （Nd） on Mg2Si in the hypereutectic Mg-3%Si （mass fraction） alloy was investigated by optical microcopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that the morphology of the primary Mg2Si transforms from coarse dendrite into fine polygon with increasing Nd content. The average size of the primary Mg2Si significantly decreases to about 10 ~ma with increasing Nd content up to 1.0%, and then becomes coarser again. The modification and refinement of the primary Mg2Si are mainly attributed to the poisoning effect. The NdMg2 phase in the primary Mg2Si transforms into NdSi and NdSi2 compounds as the Nd content exceeds 3.0%. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that the proper Nd （1.0%） addition can effectively modify and refine the primary Mg2Si.

铸态Mg-4Al-2Si合金的显微组织与力学性能

采用重力铸造法制备Mg-4Al-2Si(AS42)镁合金,研究了铸态合金的显微组织和室温力学性能。结果表明:铸态AS42合金主要由α-Mg基体、β-Mg17Al12相及Mg2Si相组成;β-Mg17Al12相呈网状和棒状分布于晶界上,粗大的汉字状Mg2Si相沿晶界或穿晶分布,多边形块状Mg2Si相随机分布于基体组织中。铸态合金的硬度为64.5 HV,室温抗拉强度为113.5 MPa,屈服强度为86 MPa,伸长率为4.1%;拉伸断裂形式为准解理脆性断裂。

Mg对原位合成TiB_2/Al-7Si复合材料的微观组织及力学性能的影响

采用K2TiF6和KBF4混合盐原位反应法制备TiB2/Al-7Si复合材料,利用XRD、SEM、金相显微镜、HV硬度测试和磨损实验等方法研究了Mg对复合材料的微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:反应生成的TiB2颗粒平均尺寸约为0.5μm,材料的硬度和耐磨性随着TiB2含量的增加而提高;添加1.5%Mg(质量分数)元素可明显细化TiB2颗粒,且使其分布更加均匀,增强TiB2颗粒的弥散强化和细晶强化效果,复合材料的硬度和耐磨性显著改善;过量的Mg元素(3%)会造成TiB2颗粒细化效果的下降,但其硬度和耐磨性能继续得到改善。