热处理对Mg-3Sn-2Al-1Zn-5Li合金耐蚀性能的影响

对Mg-3Sn-2Al-1Zn-5Li合金进行了不同方式的热处理。利用电化学测试研究了不同热处理状态合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀电化学行为,并通过扫描电镜、能谱以及X射线衍射分析了合金腐蚀形貌及腐蚀产物的成分。结果表明:经固溶处理和时效处理后,合金的耐蚀性能有所提高,并且固溶态的Mg-3Sn-2Al-1Zn-5Li合金有着最佳的耐蚀性能;合金的腐蚀特征为丝状腐蚀,腐蚀产物主要为Mg(OH)_(2)。

Effect of addition of minor amounts of Sb and Gd on hot tearing susceptibility of Mg-5Al-3Ca alloy

The effects of addition of minor amount of(0.5 wt.%) antimony(Sb) or gadolinium(Gd) and combined addition of Sb and Gd(0.5 wt.%,respectively) on the hot tearing susceptibility(HTS) of Mg-5Al-3Ca alloy were investigated experimentally using a “T-shaped” hot tearing measuring system. Various solidification parameters of the alloys were measured and calculated through thermal analysis experiments. The microstructure, grain size, and morphology of the crack zone were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction, and the crystal phases of the alloys were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results showed that the addition of 0.5 wt.% Gd resulted in the increase in the vulnerable temperature range(Tv) and reduced the eutectic structure content that could participate in feeding, thereby improving the HTS of the alloy. However, addition of 0.5 wt.% Sb or combined addition of Gd and Sb(0.5 wt.%, respectively) to the Mg-5Al-3Ca alloy shortened the Tvand improved the skeleton strength of the alloy, thereby reducing HTS. Moreover, significantly refined structure of Mg-5Al-3Ca-0.5Gd-0.5Sb alloy improved the feeding ability of the eutectic structure, thus the alloy exhibited the lowest HTS.

Sb对Mg-5Al-2Sr合金组织和性能的影响

采用表面活性元素Sb微合金化的方法制备了Mg-5Al-2Sr-xSb(x=0,0.3,0.6,1.0)合金,通过金相显微镜、X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和力学性能测试等方法研究了Sb含量对Mg-5Al-2Sr合金微观组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明,Mg-5Al-2Sr-xSb合金铸态组织主要由枝晶α-Mg、沿晶界或分布在枝晶间的层状或离异共晶的Al4Sr相、块状三元Mg9Al3Sr相(τ相)和颗粒状SbSr2相组成,随着Sb含量的增加,Sb-Sr2相的数量逐渐增多,τ相逐渐减少.Sb的质量分数为0.6%时,断续分布的Al4Sr相和细小弥散分布的Sb-Sr2相能够提高Mg-5Al-2Sr合金的室温和高温(150℃)机械性能.

热轧对Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-2Ce合金组织与性能的影响

采用铁模铸造法制备了Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-2Ce镁合金。合金铸锭在410℃均匀化处理24h后,在400℃进行热轧试验。经过4道次轧制,合金的总压下量为62%。利用X-射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和拉伸试验研究了铸态合金和轧制态合金的组织和力学性能。结果表明,Mg-5Al-0.3Mn-2Ce合金由α-Mg和Al11Ce3相组成。轧制变形明显细化了合金的晶粒尺寸,轧制后合金的平均晶粒尺寸约为20μm。轧制后合金强度也得到了显著提高。轧制态合金的抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为301MPa和222MPa,与铸态合金相比,分别提高了69%和196%。

高性能Al-5Mg-2Si-xCe合金的制备及其力学性能研究

以Al-5Mg-2Si合金为基体合金,通过掺杂稀土Ce元素对合金进行改性,制备了不同Ce掺量的Al-5Mg-2Si-xCe(x=0,0.2,0.4和0.6)合金。采用XRD、SEM、EDS和力学性能分析等方式,研究了合金的结构、微观形貌和力学性能。结果表明,Al-5Mg-2Si-xCe(x=0,0.2,0.4和0.6)合金主要由α相组合而成,掺杂Ce元素后出现了Al_(8)CeFe_(4)三元含铁相的化合物,说明Ce具有促进β-Fe相转化成α-Fe相Al_(8)CeFe_(4)的作用;不掺杂Ce元素的Al-5Mg-2Si合金的枝晶排列紊乱且尺寸较为粗大,掺入稀土Ce元素后,枝晶的排列得到了明显改善,并且随着Ce掺量的增加,晶粒逐渐细化,分布更为均匀,α-Al的尺寸也逐渐缩小;当Ce掺量为0.4%(质量分数)时,合金的抗拉强度和延伸率均达到最佳,分别为133.70 MPa和1.64%,相比Ce掺量为0时,分别增长了26.49%和115.79%;未掺杂Ce的合金主要为解离断裂,掺入Ce后,合金的断裂方式主要为延晶断裂,且断口处晶粒均较为完整未被拉裂。

基于数学模型的Mg-9Li-3Al-2.5Sr合金热变形行为研究

建立了Mg-9Li-3Al-2.5Sr合金在不同热变形条件下的本构方程,并研究了热变形条件对材料显微组织的影响。结果表明,热变形过程中合金的流变应力与变形速率和变形温度之间的关系可以用本构方程Z=9.23×1011×[sinh(0.002 472 52σ)]3.75描述。材料变形过程中的稳态流变应力可以用双曲正弦函数描述。在高温低应变速率下,当三角晶界处应力集中的速率大于晶界扩散和滑移速率时,将产生裂纹。裂纹不断萌生扩展,最终导致材料失稳。

Bi对Al-5Mg-2Si-0.6Mn合金的组织及力学性能的影响

研究了Bi含量对Al-5Mg-2Si-0.6Mn合金铸态组织、相结构和成分、力学性能和断口形貌的影响。结果表明,当Bi含量为0.3%时,具有最明显的变质效果。Bi富集在共晶Mg2Si生长界面前端产生成分过冷,减小了液相的实际过冷度,使共晶Mg2Si的生长速度被限制,共晶Mg2Si相从变质前的粗纤维状转变成细小的点状纤维。合金的力学性能显著提高,抗拉强度、伸长率分别由未变质的205 MPa、2.8%增加至240 MPa、5.3%,分别增加了17.1%、89.3%。

Ca对Mg-5Li-3Al-2Zn合金组织和力学性能的影响

实验研究了添加1%、2%、3%、6%Ca对Mg-5Li-3Al-2Zn合金组织和性能的影响。通过观察显微组织,利用XRD和EDS分析组织成分可知,添加适量的Ca可细化晶粒,Ca主要富集在晶界处,当Ca加入量超过2%时,与Al形成Al_2Ca金属间化合物,Al_2Ca较多时,对基体的割裂作用较强。室温拉伸试验结果表明,添加2%Ca,强度和塑性同时提高,继续增加Ca含量,合金的力学性能下降。

The Solidification Behavior of Mg-9Al-2Ca Alloy under Furnace Cooling

To understand the solidification pathway and microstructure evolution of Mg-9Al-2Ca alloy,the cooling curve of the alloy solidified under furnace cooling was measured and the water-quenched samples were observed.The experimental results show that the matrix phase of α-Mg dendrites is first generated at 596℃ during the solidification process,then the eutectic phases of Al_(2)Ca and Mg_(17)Al_(12) are formed at 518 and 447℃,respectively,and the solidification is terminated at 436℃.In the process of solidification,the seaweed dendrites of α-Mg get coarser and are gradually transformed into the global dendrites;besides,the secondary dendrite arms spacing(SDAS)of α-Mg as well as the solid fraction are both increased,while the increasing rate of SDAS of α-Mg and the solid fraction in the temperature region of 600-550℃ is faster than that in the temperature region of 550-436℃.And a power function relationship can be used to illustrate the change of the SDAS and the solid fraction with the temperature of solidification.

Characteristics of Faigue Crack Initiation in Ti-5Al-4Sn-2Zr-1Mo-0.7Nd-0.25Si Alloy

The characteristics of fatigue crack initiation in Ti-5AI-4Sn-2Zr1Mo-O.7Nd-O.25Si alloy wereStudied. Two modes Of fatigue crack initiation were found. The Nd-rich phase particles displaybetter resistance to fatigue crack initiation than the matrix at lower stress.

Microstructures and tensile properties of as-cast Mg-5Sn-1Si magnesium alloy modified with trace elements of Y,Bi,Sb and Sr

The microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy modified with trace elements Y,Bi,Sb and Sr were investigated and compared.Results show that the microstructure of the as-cast Mg-5 Sn-1 Si alloy consists ofα-Mg,Mg_(2) Si,Mg_(2) Sn and Mg_(2)(Si_xSn_(1-x))phases.After adding 0.8 wt.%Y,0.3 wt.%Bi,0.9 wt.%Sb and 0.9 wt.%Sr,respectively into the Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy,Mg_(24)Y_(5),Mg_(3) Bi_(2),Mg_(3) Sb_(2) and Mg_(2) Sr phases are precipitated accordingly.Trace elements can refineα-Mg grain and Chinese scriptshaped Mg_(2) Si phase.Refinement efficiency of different trace elements onα-Mg grain and Mg_(2) Si phase is varied.Sr element has the best refinement effect,followed by Sb and Bi,while Y has the least refinement effect.Mg-5 Sn-1 Si-0.9 Sr alloy has higher tensile properties than the other three modified alloys.The refinement mechanism of Y,Bi and Sr elements on Mg-5 Sn-1 Si magnesium alloy can be explained by the growth restriction factors and the solute undercooling.For Mg-5 Sn-1 Si-0.9 Sb alloy,the heterogeneous nuclei of Mg_(3) Sb_(2) phase is the main reason for the refinement of grains and second phases.

Friction and wear behavior of Mg–11Y–5Gd–2Zn–0.5Zr(wt%)alloy with oil lubricant

The sliding friction and wear behaviors of Mg-11Y-5Gd-2Zn-0.5Zr （wt%） alloy were investigated under oil lubricant condition by pin-on-disk configuration with a constant sliding distance of 1,000 m in the temperature range of 25-200℃. Results indicate that the volumetric wear rates and average friction coefficients decrease with the increase of sliding speeds, and increase with the increase of test temperature below 150℃. The hard and thermally stable Mg12（Y,Gd）Zn phase with long-period stacking order structure in the alloy presents significant wear resistance, The wear mechanism below 100℃ is abrasive wear as a result of plastic extrusion deformation. The corporate effects of severe abrasive, oxidative, and delaminating wear result in the tribological mechanism above 100℃.

Effect of Gd on microstructure and refinement performance of Al-5Ti-B alloy

Al-5Ti-B and Al-5Ti-B-Gd master alloy refiners were fabricated by fluorine salt casting method.The microstructure and phase constitution of the master alloys were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).The results show that Al-Ti-B alloy refiner consists of Al_(3)Ti phase and TiB2 phase.After Gd is introduced into the intermediate alloy,Ti_(2)Al_(20)Gd phase appears in the alloy,the size of Al_(3)Ti is significantly reduced,and Ti-Al-Gd phase is found in the edge of Al_(3)Ti phase.At the same time,some independent Ti-Al-Gd phases appear in local areas,which are Ti_(2)Al_(20)Gd phase determined by micro-area electron diffraction analysis.Analysis and calculation results of the high-resolution images of the Ti_(2)Al_(20)Gd/Al structure show that there is no other compound at the junction between the Ti_(2)Al_(20)Gd phase and Al,and Ti_(2)Al_(20)Gd phase has a great difference in atomic space with the α-Al,which cannot be directly used as heterogeneous nucleus.But,after being decomposed in the aluminum melt,the Ti_(2)Al_(20)Gd phase can promote the refinement effect of the refiner.In the Al-Ti-B-Gd master alloy,there are many dispersed Al_(3)Ti particles with a size of less than 1 μm,which can promote the Al-5Ti-B refining effect.

Intragranular Rare Earth－rich Phases in As－cast High－temperature Ti－5Al－4Sn－2Zr－1MO－0．25Si－1Nd Alloy

In the as-cast Ti-55 alloy, the intragranular rare earth-rich phase particles are about 1. 0～14 μm in diameter, elliptical, and rich in Nd, Sn, and O. The contents of Nd and Sn on the grain boundaries are higher than those at other sites. The intragranular phases grow preferably at the region on the grain boundaries, which causes the formation of the elliptical morphology of the intragranular phases.

压射工艺及时效对Al-5Mg-2Si-Mn合金组织及性能的影响

通过高强韧压铸铝镁合金的压铸工艺试验,研究了主要压射工艺参数和人工时效对该合金标准压铸试样的组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明,在压射比压、快压射速度、快压射转换位置分别为100MPa、高速档和220mm时,压铸试样的外观成形良好,组织致密,无缩孔、气孔缺陷,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为351.1MPa、200.7MPa和13.77%;该试样经人工时效(250℃)保温3h后空冷,其抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为380.5MPa、246.9MPa和11.48%。

Improving the strength and SCC resistance of an Al-5Mg-3Zn alloy with low-angle grain boundary structure

The strength of traditional Al-Mg alloys is relatively low because it mainly relies on solid solution strengthening.Adding a third component to form precipitation can improve their strength,but it usually leads to high-stress corrosion cracking(SCC)sensitivity due to the formation of high-density precipitates at grain boundaries(GBs).So far,it is still challenging to improve the strength of Al-Mg alloys without re-ducing SCC resistance.Herein,a nanostructured Al-5Mg-3 Zn alloy with a good yield strength of 336 MPa and good elongation was successfully produced.By dynamic plastic deformation and appropriate anneal-ing treatment,near-equiaxed nanograins were introduced in the nanostructured Al-5Mg-3 Zn alloy with a high proportion(71%)of the low-angle grain boundary.TEM statistical investigations show that the pre-cipitation of active T’phase at GBs has been greatly suppressed in the nanostructured Al-5Mg-3 Zn alloy at sensitized conditions,and the area fraction of GB precipitates is reduced from 72%to 21%,which sig-nificantly decreases the SCC susceptibility.This study provides guidance for developing advanced Al-Mg alloy with high SCC resistance.

Gd对Al-5Mg-2Si-Mn合金组织与力学性能的影响

研究了Gd对Al-5Mg-2Si-Mn合金铸态组织、相结构、力学性能和断口形貌的影响。研究发现,Gd对Al-5Mg-2SiMn合金中的初生α-Al及共晶Mg_2Si相具有很强的变质和细化作用,当Gd含量为0.4%时,变质和细化效果最为明显,二次枝晶间距由未变质处理的28.23μm减小到12.96μm,共晶Mg_2Si尺寸从9.38μm减少到5.07μm。且合金的力学性能显著提高,抗拉强度、伸长率和硬度(HRB)分别由未细化变质的235MPa、3.9%和33.21增加至328MPa、6.0%和43.33,合金的断裂方式由脆性断裂转变为韧性断裂。

成形压力对Al-5Mg-2Si-Mn合金组织和性能的影响

以高强韧Al-5Mg-2Si-Mn合金为研究对象,通过压铸工艺进行试验,采用OM、SEM分析成形压力与保压时间对合金组织的影响,并对力学性能进行分析。结果表明,当成形压力为100 MPa、保压时间为10 s时,合金中α-Al相平均晶粒尺寸为29.59μm,形状因子为0.76,Mg2Si主要呈点状或棒状弥散分布,金属间化合物的析出受到明显抑制,合金抗拉强度为312 MPa,伸长率为13.5%,与重力铸造时合金的力学性能(抗拉强度为185 MPa,伸长率为3.1%)相比,分别提高了68.6%和335.5%。

Sb对Mg-5Al-2Sr合金耐腐蚀性能的影响

采用失重法、极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱和腐蚀形貌等方法研究了微量Sb对Mg-5A1-2Sr合金在3.5 mass%NaCl中性水溶液中耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,Mg-5Al-2Sr-xSb(x=0,0.3,0.6,1.0)合金在3.5mass%NaCl中性水溶液中初期的腐蚀类型为点蚀,点蚀源于块状三元T相和颗粒状SbSr_2相。这些相的数量越多,尺寸越大,合金的腐蚀愈严重。网状分布的A1_4Sr相能够成为合金腐蚀的有效障碍。Mg-5Al-2Sr合金中加入0.3%Sb不仅能够有效地细化α-Mg基体组织,同时促进了Al_4Sr相的形成,使该相的分布更趋网状化,该合金的自腐蚀电位明显正移,腐蚀电流密度减小,腐蚀速率降低,合金的耐蚀性能提高。

Ca对铸态Mg-5Sn-3Al-2Zn合金组织与性能的影响

利用XRD、SEM、OM等手段,对不同Ca含量的铸态Mg-5Sn-3Al-2Zn合金的组织、力学性能及断口进行了研究与分析。结果表明,不同Ca含量的Mg-Sn-Al-Zn合金主要由α-Mg、Mg2Sn、CaMgSn、Al2Ca相组成。当Ca含量为1.0%时,合金的室温力学性能最高;当Ca含量达到2.0%时,合金基体中分布有大量粗大针状、棒状的CaMgSn和Al2Ca等相,其力学性能大幅度下降;其断裂机制均为解理和准解理断裂。