铝合金与不锈钢异种金属管TIG熔钎焊接研究

采用铝硅共晶焊丝对铝合金/不锈钢异种金属管进行了TIG熔钎焊接实验,研究了镀Zn层的挥发对接头性能的影响,分析了接头微观组织,测试了接头力学性能。研究结果表明,不锈钢表面镀Zn层能够增强液态钎料在钢表面润湿铺展及防止金属间化合物生成的作用,在多道焊过程中镀Zn层过热挥发失去了对钢表面的保护,在界面生成脆性的金属间化合物,并且Zn的挥发在接头中形成气孔缺陷;不锈钢界面层上部镀Zn层熔化严重,液态钎料对不锈钢产生溶蚀作用,Fe元素通过镀Zn层向液态Al-Si熔池中扩散,形成了枝晶状的Al-Fe金属间化合物,在界面层也生成了金属间化合物层,不锈钢界面层下部镀Zn层完整,起到了良好的保护作用;拉伸试件断裂于不锈钢与焊缝的界面处,接头为整体脆性断裂,抗拉强度达到105MPa。

Effect of Ti-Si-Mg-Al wire on microstructure and mechanical properties of plasma arc in-situ welded joint of SiC_p/Al composites

The influence of Ti-Si-Mg-AI wire on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiCp/A1 metal matrix composite joints produced by plasma arc in-situ weld-alloying was investigated. Argon-nitrogen mixture was used as plasma gas and Ti-Si-Mg-A1 flux-cored wires as filled composites. Weldments were submitted to tensile test. Meanwhile, the macro morphology and microstructure of the joints were examined. The result shows that the formation ofneedie-like harmful phase A14C3 is effectively inhibited and the wettability of molten pool is improved by adding Ti-Si-Mg-A1 flux-cored wires. With 15Ti-5Si-5Mg-A1 flux-cored wire as filled composite, the maximum tensile strength of the welded joint is 267 MPa, which is up to 83% that of the matrix composites under annealed condition.

2198铝锂合金激光填丝焊接接头腐蚀行为

2198铝锂合金具有密度低、力学性能好、比强度高、耐高温、可塑性强等优点,是航空航天领域理想的结构材料。针对2198铝锂合金填充ER4047 Al-Si焊丝激光焊接接头的显微组织及在质量分数为3.5%的Na Cl溶液中的腐蚀行为进行研究。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜及透射电镜对焊接接头微观组织形貌、析出相的种类及分布研究的基础上,室温下采用浸泡实验法和电化学腐蚀法对母材和焊缝腐蚀行为进行了系统的研究。结果表明,2198铝锂合金母材组织较粗大,晶粒沿轧制方向生长,在粗大的组织中随机分布着尺寸在几百纳米左右的颗粒状和针状的T1相,而填充ER4047 Al-Si焊丝激光焊接后,热影响区极窄、焊缝组织细小、成分均匀、析出相的种类多样,呈等轴细晶状组织,靠近熔合线处组织呈垂直于熔合线生长的柱状晶。室温下在质量分数为3.5%的Na Cl溶液中,焊缝和热影响区为均匀腐蚀,腐蚀斑点面积小、蚀点浅。母材为点蚀,随着浸泡时间增加,腐蚀斑点面积变大、蚀点加深。焊缝的开路电位、自腐蚀电位和极化电阻均高于母材,腐蚀电流密度则小于母材。