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Plethysmograph training:A refinement for collection of respiration data in mice
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作者 Jorid B.Sørli Karin S.Hougaard Niels Hadrup 《Animal Models and Experimental Medicine》 CAS CSCD 2023年第4期369-374,共6页
Inhaled chemicals can harm the airways.Different effects can result in distinct changes in respiratory patterns;the type of change indicates where and how the respiratory system is affected.Furthermore,changes in resp... Inhaled chemicals can harm the airways.Different effects can result in distinct changes in respiratory patterns;the type of change indicates where and how the respiratory system is affected.Furthermore,changes in respiratory patterns may be detected at much lower substance concentrations than those that cause more serious effects,such as histopathological changes.Changes in respiratory patterns can be studied experimentally by monitoring the breathing of mice placed in plethysmographs and exposing head-out to the test substance.The method is well established;however,it is not known if training mice in being restrained in the plethysmograph could increase the quality of data collection.Here we report the results of training mice to be restrained in plethysmographs for 5 consecutive days,with respect to body weight,respiratory parameters,and time spent in the plethysmograph,before they are removed because of unstable breathing patterns.The mice tolerated the procedure better(measured by time in the plethysmograph)on the second day of training than the first day.Training did not change the breathing parameters between days.Breathing parameters stabilized within 5 min after the mice were placed in the plethysmographs on all days.There was an average of 3%weight loss between the first and last days of the training,indicating that the training procedure placed some strain on the animals.Training reduces the number of mice attempting to escape from the plethysmograph. 展开更多
关键词 alarie assay REFINEMENT sensory irritation
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“蓝色闪电”发出两道弧光:Alaris和Ambra将替代Intel?
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作者 TinAlbano 胡景凡 《个人电脑》 1994年第1期18-19,共2页
问题:一种新的PC处理器能否在拥挤的PC市场上占有一席之地?答案:这完全取决于市场可能接受的性能价格比。 Intel通过Pentium和三倍时钟的486DX4处理器成功地重新确立了在高档PC机市场的地位。然而在低档PC机上,情况就不那么明朗。虽然In... 问题:一种新的PC处理器能否在拥挤的PC市场上占有一席之地?答案:这完全取决于市场可能接受的性能价格比。 Intel通过Pentium和三倍时钟的486DX4处理器成功地重新确立了在高档PC机市场的地位。然而在低档PC机上,情况就不那么明朗。虽然Intel的66MHz 486DX2芯片是最引人注目的角色,但这里的竞争非常激烈。不仅AMD和Cyrix的CPU正在迎头赶上,而且IBM也已加入这场竞争,其新产品75MHz和100MHz“ 展开更多
关键词 PENTIUM Alaris Ambra INTEL 高速缓存 局部总线 基准测试 软盘驱动器 母板 个人电脑
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