Combining systemic inflammatory response index and albumin fibrinogen ratio to predict early serious complications and prognosis after resectable gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer has a high incidence and fatality rate,and surgery is the preferred course of treatment.Nonetheless,patient survival rates are still low,and the incidence of major postoperative complications cannot be disregarded.The systemic inflammatory response,nutritional level,and coagulation status are key factors affecting the postoperative recovery and prognosis of gastric cancer patients.The systemic inflammatory response index(SIRI)and the albumin fibrinogen ratio(AFR)are two valuable comprehensive indicators of the severity and prognosis of systemic inflammation in various medical conditions.AIM To assess the clinical importance and prognostic significance of the SIRI scores and the AFR on early postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery.METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics and relevant laboratory indices of 568 gastric cancer patients from January 2018 to December 2019.We calculated and compared two indicators of inflammation and then examined the diagnostic ability of combined SIRI and AFR values for serious early postoperative complications.We scored the patients and categorized them into three groups based on their SIRI and AFR levels.COX analysis was used to compare the three groups of patients the prognostic value of various preoperative SIRI-AFR scores for 5-year overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS).RESULTS SIRI-AFR scores were an independent risk factor for prognosis[OS:P=0.004;hazards ratio(HR)=3.134;DFS:P<0.001;HR=3.543]and had the highest diagnostic power(area under the curve:0.779;95%confidence interval:0.737-0.820)for early serious complications in patients with gastric cancer.The tumor-node-metastasis stage(P=0.001),perioperative transfusion(P=0.044),positive carcinoembryonic antigen(P=0.014)findings,and major postoperative complications(P=0.011)were factors associated with prognosis.CONCLUSION Preoperative SIRI and AFR values were significantly associated with early postoperative survival and the occurrence of severe complications in gastric cancer patients.

Red cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio is a simple promising prognostic marker in acute cholangitis requiring biliary drainage

Background: It is crucial to assess the severity of acute cholangitis(AC). There are currently several prognostic markers. However, the accuracies of these markers are not satisfied. The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the red cell distribution width(RDW)-to-albumin ratio(RAR) for the prognosis of AC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients diagnosed with AC between May 2019 and March 2022. RAR was calculated, and its predictive ability for in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization were analyzed. Results: Out of 438 patients, 34(7.8%) died. Multivariate analysis showed that malignant etiology [odds ratio(OR) = 4.816, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.936-11.980], creatinine(OR = 1.649, 95% CI: 1.095-2.484), and RAR(OR = 2.064, 95% CI: 1.494-2.851) were independent risk factors for mortality. When adjusted for relevant covariates, including age, sex, malignant etiology, Tokyo severity grading(TSG), Charlson comorbidity index, and creatinine, RAR significantly predicted mortality(adjusted OR = 1.833, 95% CI: 1.280-2.624). When the cut-off of RAR was set to 3.8, its sensitivity and specificity for mortality were 94.1% and 56.7%, respectively. Patients with an RAR of > 3.8 had a 20.9-fold(OR = 20.9, 95% CI: 4.9-88.6) greater risk of mortality than the remaining patients. The area under the curve value of RAR for mortality was 0.835(95% CI: 0.770-0.901), which was significantly higher than that of TSG and the other prognostic markers, such as C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, and procalcitonin-to-albumin ratio. Lastly, RAR was not inferior to TSG in predicting ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization. Conclusions: RAR successfully predicted the in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization of patients with AC, especially in-hospital mortality. RAR is a promising marker that is more convenient than TSG and other prognostic markers for predicting the prognosis of patients with AC.

C-reactive protein to albumin ratio predict responses to programmed cell death-1 inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

BACKGROUND Over the years,programmed cell death-1(PD-1)inhibitors have been routinely used for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)treatment and yielded improved survival outcomes.Nonetheless,significant heterogeneity surrounds the outcomes of most studies.Therefore,it is critical to search for biomarkers that predict the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in patients with HCC.AIM To investigate the role of the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio(CAR)in evaluating the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors for HCC.METHODS The clinical data of 160 patients with HCC treated with PD-1 inhibitors from January 2018 to November 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS The optimal cut-off value for CAR based on progression-free survival(PFS)was determined to be 1.20 using x-tile software.Cox proportional risk model was used to determine the factors affecting prognosis.Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status[hazard ratio(HR)=1.754,95%confidence interval(95%CI)=1.045-2.944,P=0.033],CAR(HR=2.118,95%CI=1.057-4.243,P=0.034)and tumor number(HR=2.932,95%CI=1.246-6.897,P=0.014)were independent prognostic factors for overall survival.CAR(HR=2.730,95%CI=1.502-4.961,P=0.001),tumor number(HR=1.584,95%CI=1.003-2.500,P=0.048)and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(HR=1.120,95%CI=1.022-1.228,P=0.015)were independent prognostic factors for PFS.Two nomograms were constructed based on independent prognostic factors.The C-index index and calibration plots confirmed that the nomogram is a reliable risk prediction tool.The ROC curve and decision curve analysis confirmed that the nomogram has a good predictive effect as well as a net clinical benefit.CONCLUSION Overall,we reveal that the CAR is a potential predictor of short-and long-term prognosis in patients with HCC treated with PD-1 inhibitors.If further verified,CAR-based nomogram may increase the number of markers that predict individualized prognosis.

C-reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio as a Prognostic Indicator in Posttraumatic Shock and Outcome of Multiple Trauma Patients

Objective C-reactive protein(CRP)/albumin ratio(CAR)is a new inflammation-based index for predicting the prognosis of various diseases.The CAR determined on admission may help to predict the prognostic value of multiple trauma patients.Methods A total of 264 adult patients with severe multiple trauma were included for the present retrospective study,together with the collection of relevant clinical and laboratory data.CAR,CRP,albumin,shock index and ISS were incorporated into the prognostic model,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn.Then,the shock index for patients with different levels of CAR was analyzed.Finally,univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the independent risk factors for the 28-day mortality of multiple trauma patients.Results A total of 36 patients had poor survival outcomes,and the mortality rate reached 13.6%.Furthermore,after analyzing the shock index for patients with different levels of CAR,it was revealed that the shock index was significantly higher when CAR was≥4,when compared to CAR<2 and 2≤CAR<4,in multiple trauma patients.The multivariate logistic analysis helped to identify the independent association between the variables CAR(P=0.029)and shock index(P=0.019),and the 28-day mortality of multiple trauma patients.Conclusion CAR is higher in patients with severe multiple trauma.Furthermore,CAR serves as a risk factor for independently predicting the 28-day mortality of multiple trauma patients.The shock index was significantly higher when CAR was≥4 in multiple trauma patients.

Role of fibrinogen,albumin and fibrinogen to albumin ratio in determining angiographic severity and outcomes in acute coronary syndrome

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic unmasked the huge deficit in healthcare resources worldwide.It highlighted the need for efficient risk stratification in management of cardiovascular emergencies.AIM To study the applicability of the old,available and affordable nonconventional biomarkers:albumin and fibrinogen in their ability to predict angiographic severity and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS In this prospective,observational study,166 consecutive patients with ACS were enrolled.Fibrinogen,albumin and their ratio were determined from serum.Patients with underlying chronic liver disease,active malignancy,autoimmune disease,active COVID-19 infection and undergoing thrombolysis were excluded.RESULTS Mean age of the population was 60.5±1.5 years,74.1%being males.ST elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)was most common presentation of ACS seen in 57%patients.Fibrinogen albumin ratio(FAR)≥19.2,had a sensitivity of 76.9%and specificity of 78.9%[area under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUROC)=0.8,P=0.001]to predict≤thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)1 flow in culprit artery in STEMI patients.Even in non-STEMI patients,FAR≥18.85 predicted the same with 80%sensitivity and 63%specificity(AUROC=0.715,P=0.006).CONCLUSION Novel biomarkers,with their high cost,lack of availability and long turn over time are impractical for real-world use.Identifying≤TIMI 1 flow in the culprit artery has significant impact of management and outcome.Our study has shown that readily available biomarkers like fibrinogen and albumin can help identify these high-risk patients with good accuracy.This allows risk-stratification and individualization of treatment in ACS.

Pretreatment serum albumin/globulin ratio as a prognostic biomarker in metastatic prostate cancer patients treated with maximal androgen blockade

The pretreatment serum albumin/globulin ratio (AGR)has been used as a prognostic biomarker for various cancer types.However, the prognostic value of the AGR for prostate cancer,especially for metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa)after maximal androgen blockade (MAB),remains unclear.The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of the pretreatment serum AGR for mPCa treated with MAB.This retrospective study included 214 mPCa patients receiving MAB from October 2007 to March 2017. The correlation of the AGR with survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards models.The cutoff value of the AGR was 1.45 according to the receiver operating characteristic curve.Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with a low AGR (<1.45)had poor outcomes in terms of progression-free survival (PFS)and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Multivariate Cox analyses showed that the AGR was an independent predictor of PFS (hazard ratio [HR]=0.642;95%confidence interval [CI]:0.430-0.957;P=0.030)and CSS (HR =0.412;95%CI:0.259-0.654;P<0.001).Furthermore,in a subset of 79 patients with normal serum albumin levels (≥40.0 g l^-1),the serum AGR remained an independent predictor of CSS (P=0.009). The pretreatment AGR was an independent prognostic biomarker for PFS and CSS in patients with mPCa receiving MAB.In addition,the AGR remained effective for the prediction of CSS in patients with normal albumin levels (≥40 g l^-1).However,further prospective studies are needed to confirm our conclusions.

Prognostic significance of the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio in gallbladder cancer patients

AIM To investigate the prognostic role of fibrinogen-toalbumin ratio(FAR) on patients with gallbladder cancer(Gbc) in this study.METHODS One hundred and fifty-four Gbc patients were retro-spectively analyzed, who received potentially curative cholecystectomy in our institute from March 2005 to December 2017. Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROc curve) was used to determine the optimal cut-offs for these biomarkers. In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis as well as multivariate analysis were applied for prognostic analyses.RESULTS ROc curve revealed that the optimal cut-off value for FAR was 0.08. FAR was significantly correlated with age(P = 0.045), jaundice(P < 0.001), differentiation(P = 0.002), resection margin status(P < 0.001), T stage(P < 0.001), TNM stage(P < 0.001), and c A199(P < 0.001) as well as albumin levels(P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that the resection margin status [hazard ratio(HR): 2.343, 95% confidence interval(c I): 1.532-3.581, P < 0.001], TNM stage(P = 0.035), albumin level(HR = 0.595, 95%c I: 0.385-0.921, P = 0.020) and FAR(HR: 2.813, 95%c I: 1.765-4.484, P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors in Gbc patients.CONCLUSION An elevated preoperative FAR was significantly correlated with unfavorable overall survival in Gbc patients, while an elevated preoperative albumin level was a protective prognostic factor for patients with Gbc. The preoperative FAR could be used to predict the prognosis of Gbc patients, which was easily accessible, costeffective and noninvasive.

Serum calcium,albumin,globulin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels in acute cerebral infarction patients

BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic transformation(HT)is a common complication in patients with cerebral infarction.However,its pathogenesis is poorly understood.The knowledge of factors that may increase risk for HT may help in improving the safety of thrombolytic therapy.AIM To investigate the predictive value of serum calcium,albumin,globulin and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)levels for HT after intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)in patients with acute cerebral infarction.METHODS Five hundred patients with acute cerebral infarction who received IVT with alteplase within 4.5 h after the onset of disease between January 2018 and January 2021 at our hospital were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into groups based on computed tomography scan results of the brain made within 36 h after thrombolysis.Forty patients with HT were enrolled in an observation group and 460 patients without HT were enrolled in a control group.Serum calcium,albumin,globulin and MMP-9 levels were compared between the two groups.Regression analysis was used to discuss the relationship between these indices and HT.RESULTS The previous history of hypertension,diabetes,atrial fibrillation,cerebrovascular diseases,smoking and alcohol intake were not associated with HT after IVT in patients with acute cerebral infarction(all P>0.05).The National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NHISS)score was associated with HT after IVT in patients with acute cerebral infarction(P<0.05).The serum calcium and albumin levels were lower in the observation group than in the control group(all P<0.05).The levels of globulin and MMP-9 were significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(all P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that NHISS score,serum calcium,albumin,globulins and MMP-9 were independent factors influencing the occurrence of HT following IVT in patients with cerebral infarction(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Serum calcium,albumin,globulin and MMP-9 levels are risk factors for HT after IVT in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Moreover,NHISS score can be used as a predictor of post-thrombolytic HT.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and albumin bilirubin grade in hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a frequent cause of cancer related death globally.Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and albumin bilirubin(ALBI)grade are emerging prognostic indicators in HCC.AIM To study published literature of NLR and ALBI over the last five years,and to validate NLR and ALBI locally in our centre as indicators of HCC survival.METHODS A systematic review of the published literature on PubMed of NLR and ALBI in HCC over the last five years.The search followed the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Additionally,we also investigated HCC cases between December 2013 and December 2018 in our centre.RESULTS There were 54 studies describing the relation between HCC and NLR and 95 studies describing the relation between HCC and ALBI grade over the last five years.Our local cohort of patients showed NLR to have a significant negative relationship to survival(P=0.011).There was also significant inverse relationship between the size of the largest HCC nodule and survival(P=0.009).Median survival with alpha fetoprotein(AFP)<10 KU/L was 20 mo and with AFP>10 KU/L was 5 mo.We found that AFP was inversely related to survival,this relationship was not statically significant(P=0.132).Mean survival for ALBI grade 1 was 37.7 mo,ALBI grade 2 was 13.4 months and ALBI grade 3 was 4.5mo.ALBI grades performed better than Child Turcotte Pugh score in detecting death from HCC.CONCLUSION NLR and ALBI grade in HCC predict survival better than the conventional alpha fetoprotein.ALBI grade performs better than Child Turcotte Pugh score.These markers are done as part of routine clinical care and in cases of normal alpha fetoprotein,these markers could give a better understanding of the patient disease progression.NLR and ALBI grade could have a role in modified easier to learn staging and prognostic systems for HCC.

Prognostic significance of the preoperative hemoglobin to albumin ratio for the short-term survival of gastric cancer patients

BACKGROUND Hemoglobin and albumin are associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer(GC)patients. However, the prognostic value of the hemoglobin to albumin ratio(HAR) for the short-term survival of GC patients with D2 radical resection has not been studied.AIM To investigate the significance of the HAR in evaluating the short-term survival of GC patients after D2 radical resection and to construct a nomogram to predict the prognosis in GC patients after surgery, thus providing a reference for the development of postoperative individualized treatment and follow-up plans.METHODS Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for prognostic analysis.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between HAR and the clinicopathological characteristics of the GC patients. A prognostic nomogram model for the short-term survival of GC patients was constructed by R software.RESULTS HAR was an independent risk factor for the short-term survival of GC patients.GC patients with a low HAR had a poor prognosis(P < 0.001). Low HAR was markedly related to high stage [odds ratio(OR) = 0.45 for Ⅱ vs Ⅰ;OR = 0.48 for Ⅲ vs Ⅰ], T classification(OR = 0.52 for T4 vs T1) and large tumor size(OR = 0.51 for ≥4 cm vs < 4 cm)(all P < 0.05). The nomogram model was based on HAR, age,CA19-9, CA125 and stage, and the C-index was 0.820.CONCLUSION Preoperative low HAR was associated with short-term survival in GC patients.The prognostic nomogram model can accurately predict the short-term survival of GC patients with D2 radical resection.

Albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio: A novel prognostic index of overall survival in cholangiocarcinoma patients after surgery

AIM To clarify the prognostic significance of preoperative albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio(AAPR) in cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) subjects receiving surgery.METHODS In this retrospective study, we included 303 CCA patients receiving surgery without preoperative therapy between 2002 and 2014. Clinicopathological characteristics(including AAPR) were analyzed to determine predictors of postoperative overall survival and recurrence-free survival(RFS). In addition,univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were conducted,followed by application of time-dependent receiver operating curves to identify the optimal cut-off.RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed both decreased overall survival[hazard ratio(HR): 2.88, 95%CI: 1.19-5.78] and recurrence-free survival(HR: 2.31,95%CI: 1.40–3.29) in patients with AAPR < 0.41 compared to those with AAPR ≥0.41. The optimal cut-off of AAPR was 0.41. Of the 303 subjects, 253(83.5%) had an AAPR over 0.41. The overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 70.2%, 38.0% and 16.5%, respectively in the low(< 0.41) AAPR group, which were significantly lower than those in the high(≥ 0.41) AAPR group(81.7%, 53.9%, and 33.4%,respectively)(P < 0.0001). Large tumor size, multiple tumors, and advanced clinical stage were also identified as significant predictors of poor prognosis.CONCLUSION Our outcomes showed that AAPR was a potential valuable prognostic indicator in CCA patients undergoing surgery, which should be further confirmed by prospective studies. Moreover, it is necessary to investigate the mechanisms concerning the correlation of low AAPR with poor post-operative survival in CCA patients.

The prognostic potential of pretreatment C-reactive protein to albumin ratio in stage IE/IIE extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of the C-reactive protein-toalbumin ratio (CRP/Alb) for stage IE/IIE upper aerodigestive tract extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma patients. Methods One hundred and fourteen patients diagnosed with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from September 2011 to November 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. An optimal cutoff value of CRP/Alb for overall survival rate as an endpoint was obtained using the receiver operating curve (ROC). Results The optimal cutoff value of CRP/Alb was 0.15. For the low CRP/Alb group, the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 78.6% and the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 80.7%. The 3-year PFS and OS values for the high CRP/Alb group were 41.6% and 45.2%, respectively. Differences for PFS (P < 0.001) and OS (P < 0.001) between the two groups were statistically significant. Univariate analysis showed that ECOG, IPI, CRP, GPS, and CRP/Alb were significantly associated with PFS. Similarly, all five were also significantly associated with OS. Multivariate analysis further confirmed that ECOG and CRP/ Alb were independent prognostic factors for both PFS and OS. Moreover, the cutoff value of CRP/Alb showed superior prognostic ability in discriminating between patients with different outcomes in low-risk group based on GPS, IPI, and KPI scores. Conclusion CRP/Alb is a promising prognostic marker for early-stage extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma.

Plasma glutathione and oxidized glutathione level, glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio, and albumin concentration in complicated and uncomplicated falciparum malaria

Objective: To compare the level of glutathione(GSH) and oxidized glutathione(GSSG),the ratio of GSH/GSSG and the concentration of albumin in plasma of patients with complicated and un-complicated falciparum malaria.Methods: This research was a cross sectional study using comparison analysis with the plasma GSH and GSSG, the ratio of plasma GSH/GSSG and the concentration of plasma albumin as variables. The complicated malaria patients were obtained from Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, whereas uncomplicated malaria patients were obtained from the Regency of Pleihari South Kalimantan. Plasma GSH and GSSG levels were determined by the spectrophotometer at the wave length of 412 nm, whereas the concentration of albumin was determined by bromocresol green method in the p H of 4.1.Results: There were no significant differences between the level of plasma GSH and GSSG in complicated and uncomplicated malaria patients, as well as the ratio of plasma GSH/GSSG in the two groups(P = 0.373; P = 0.538; and P = 0.615, respectively, independent ttest). In contrast, the plasma albumin concentration in complicated malaria patients were significantly higher than uncomplicated malaria patients(P = 0.000, Mann Whitney U test).Conclusions: It can be concluded that the average of plasma GSH and GSSG level, also plasma GSH/GSSG ratio in complicated malaria are not different from uncomplicated malaria. Although plasma concentration of albumin in both groups is below the normal range,there is an increase in complicated malaria that might be as compensation of oxidative stress.

Composition and Molecular Weight Distribution of Albumin and Globulin Protein Isolates from Durum Wheat Genotypes

This paper attempts to evaluate the banding patterns of non-gluten protein isolates from the grain of durum wheat varieties. Under reduced condition, polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis has revealed a number of different sized albumin and globulin protein bands. The electrophoretic pattern of globulin showed more polymorphisms than that of albumin. High polymorphism, both in band intensity and occurrence, was observed between 15 kDa and 35 kDa. Most of the protein bands were scored in the range of 10 kDa and 85 kDa in the two protein fractions. At a cutoff point 2.5, cluster analysis based on the SDS-PAGE of globulin proteins classified the durum wheat varieties into three major family groups. Generally, the experiment showed the suitability and usefulness of globulin protein fractions as a genetic marker in discriminating durum wheat genotypes.

Comparison between different methods of urine collection for estimation of albumin-creatinine ratio in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus

In patients with diabetes mellitus, urinary albumin-creatinine-ratio (ACR) predicts progressive kidney disease. In order to determine the better urine sample for detecting ACR, we estimated ACR in three modes of urine sample. Two hundred patients of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with proteinuria irrespective of age and sex were studied for urinary ACR in all the three types of samples over a period of 2 years. The statistical analysis showed that first morning ACR (r = 0.999, p > 0.001) of the subjects was more significantly correlated with their 24 hour urine sample ACR than spot urine (r = 0.995,

白蛋白-球蛋白比值与维持性血液透析患者预后的相关性

目的:分析白蛋白-球蛋白比值(AGR)与维持性血液透析(MHD)患者预后的相关性。方法:回顾2010年01月—2020年12月在韶关市第一人民医院收治的320例MHD患者的临床资料,AGR水平波动于0.41~3.26之间,根据AGR中位数(1.21)将患者分为高AGR组(n=162)和低AGR组(n=158),通过倾向性匹配评分匹配分为高AGR组和低AGR组各94例,分析患者死亡原因,采用Kaplan-Meier法分析两组生存情况,并用COX比例风险模型分析AGR对MHD患者心血管死亡和全因死亡的影响。结果:(1)低AGR组患者白细胞计数、血小板计数、纤维蛋白原、球蛋白水平均高于高AGR组,血清磷、血尿酸、血肌酐、血尿素氮、白蛋白水平均低于高AGR组(P<0.05)。(2)中位随访时间41.35个月,随访期间转腹膜透析治疗4例(2.13%),肾移植1例(0.53%),失访2例(1.06%),死亡62例(32.98%),死亡原因分别为:心血管疾病44例(70.97%)、感染9例(14.52%)、肿瘤3例(4.84%)、其它6例(9.68%)。(3)Kaplan-Meier分析显示,高AGR组患者累积全因生存率(P<0.001)和累积心血管疾病存活率(P<0.001)均优于低AGR组患者。(4)COX回归分析显示,未校正的模型中低AGR组患者全因死亡风险(HR:3.842)及心血管死亡风险(HR:3.752)均显著增加,校正后,低AGR组患者全因死亡风险(HR:2.657)和心血管死亡风险(HR:2.764)仍显著增加,在此基础上进一步校正变量后,低AGR仍然是增加全因死亡风险(HR:2.740)和心血管死亡风险(HR:2.651)的独立风险因素。此外,AGR预测全因死亡风险和心血管死亡风险的AUC分别为:0.751和0.744。结论:低AGR是MHD患者心血管和全因死亡的独立危险因素,AGR可作为评估MHD患者预后可靠指标。

白蛋白/碱性磷酸酶与宫颈癌化疗患者预后的相关性

目的 探讨白蛋白(ALB)/碱性磷酸酶(ALP)与宫颈癌化疗患者预后的相关性。方法 回顾性收集120例宫颈癌患者临床资料,所有患者接受4个周期的顺铂联合紫杉醇化疗。根据化疗周期完成后第30天时疗效评定结果将患者分为预后良好组(n=101)与预后不良组(n=19)。对比2组患者年龄、病程、疾病类型、疾病分期等基线资料;对比化疗前1周内所测的ALB、ALP及其他实验室指标,并计算ALB/ALP值。通过点二列相关性分析和受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析ALB/ALP与宫颈癌化疗患者预后的关系。结果 预后不良组肿瘤直径、ALP水平高于预后良好组,Ⅲ期与ⅣA期患者占比显著高于预后良好组,ALB、ALB/ALP显著低于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经点二列相关性分析,ALB、ALP、ALB/ALP与宫颈癌化疗患者不良预后发生有关(P<0.05)。绘制受试者工作曲线(ROC),结果显示,ALB、ALP、ALB/ALP预测宫颈癌化疗患者不良预后的曲线下面积(AUC)值分别为0.804、0.215、0.862,ALB/ALP预测价值最高。结论 ALB/ALP与宫颈癌化疗患者不良预后间呈负相关,其值越低,不良预后发生可能性越高。

甲状腺结节发生的因素及成人Hcy与AGR和甲状腺自身抗体相关

目的探讨甲状腺结节发生的因素及成人同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)与白球蛋白比值(AGR)、甲状腺自身抗体相关性。方法本文为回顾性研究,2019年10月至2020年8月有1427人在河北北方学院附属第二医院进行体检,通过简单随机抽样选取符合纳入排除标准受检者的临床资料进行分析,共计100例,均行甲状腺彩色超声,根据是否患有甲状腺结节分为对照组(未患甲状腺结节,n=52)和观察组(患甲状腺结节,n=48)。比较两组研究对象一般临床资料,分析成人同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)与白球蛋白比值(AGR)、甲状腺自身抗体[抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)与抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)]相关性,用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析筛选出影响甲状腺结节发病率的相关因素。结果观察组性别、年龄、舒张压、收缩压、Hcy、AGR、TGAb及TPOAb与对照组比较,差异显著(P<0.05);以成人Hcy为因变量,采用Spearman对AGR、TGAb及TPOAb进行相关性分析,成人Hcy与AGR呈负相关(r=-0.384,P<0.05),TGAb、TPOAb呈正相关(r=0.218,0.224,P<0.05);以年龄、性别、舒张压、收缩压、Hcy、AGR、TGAb及TPOAb为自变量,甲状腺结节为因变量,对100例体检者进行多因素Logistic回归分析,分析显示,年龄≥40岁、女性是甲状腺结节发生的相关因素(P<0.05),Hcy、AGR、TGAb及TPOAb水平与甲状腺结节具有相关性(P<0.05)。结论甲状腺结节多发生于中年女性,Hcy、AGR、TGAb及TPOAb水平与其发生具有相关性,临床需针对以上指标定期进行甲状腺筛查工作。

C反应蛋白与白蛋白比值联合握力和血清前白蛋白在食管癌患者中的应用价值

目的 探讨C反应蛋白与白蛋白比值(CAR)联合握力和血清前白蛋白对食管癌患者生存期及营养不良的预测价值。方法 回顾性选取212例食管癌患者作为研究对象,收集患者的基本资料和治疗前CAR、握力、血清前白蛋白检测结果,评估患者营养不良情况并随访总生存期。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估治疗前CAR、握力和血清前白蛋白水平对患者营养不良的预测价值,采用Kaplan-Meier生存曲线及Cox回归模型分析治疗前CAR、握力和血清前白蛋白水平对患者生存预后的预测价值。结果 ROC曲线分析结果显示,握力预测食管癌患者营养不良的曲线下面积(0.625)最大,其后依次为血清前白蛋白、CAR(分别为0.604、0.594);根据约登指数确定CAR、握力、血清前白蛋白的最佳截断值分别为0.732、23.1 kg、0.190 g/L,三者联合预测营养不良的灵敏度高达80.7%。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析结果显示,CAR增高(≥0.732)、握力降低(<23.1 kg)、血清前白蛋白水平降低(<0.190 g/L)患者的总生存期分别短于CAR<0.732、握力≥23.1 kg、血清前白蛋白水平≥0.190 g/L的患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,治疗前CAR增高(≥0.732)、握力降低(<23.1 kg)、血清前白蛋白水平降低(<0.190 g/L)是食管癌患者生存预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 治疗前CAR、握力和血清前白蛋白是评估食管癌患者营养状态和生存预后的重要指标,三者联合检测有助于营养不良的早期诊断与及时干预,或可改善食管癌患者的生存预后。

蛋白尿与估算肾小球滤过率联合对糖尿病患者新发心血管疾病的影响

目的 观察估算肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR)和尿微量白蛋白与肌酐比值(urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, uACR)评估肾功能的一致性,探讨二者联合对糖尿病患者新发心脑血管疾病(cardia-cerebrovascular disease, CVD)(包括心力衰竭、心肌梗死、脑卒中)的影响。方法 选择参加开滦第5次或第6次健康体检且进行尿微量白蛋白及尿肌酐、血肌酐检测的8 791例2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)患者为研究对象。依据基线uACR和eGFR水平分组:正常组(uACR<3 mg/mmol且eGFR≥90 mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2))、单纯eGFR下降组(uACR<3 mg/mmol且eGFR<90 mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2))、单纯uACR升高组(uACR≥3 mg/mmol且eGFR≥90 mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2))和uACR升高合并eGFR下降组(uACR≥3 mg/mmol且eGFR<90 mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2))。观察eGFR和uACR评估的肾功能是否一致。采用多因素Cox回归模型分析uACR和eGFR联合分组对CVD发病风险的影响。结果 (1)研究对象基线年龄为(60.97±9.99)岁,男性占79.05%,中位uACR为1.68(0.81,4.60)mg/mmol,平均eGFR为(92.14±16.52) mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2),uACR升高与eGFR下降不一致者占43.59%。(2)中位随访时间为3.83年,共发生CVD事件694例(7.89%),4组总CVD事件的发病密度分别为12.96/1 000人年、19.04/1 000人年、25.65/1 000人年和46.87/1 000人年。(3)与正常组相比,单纯eGFR下降组、单纯uACR升高组和uACR升高合并eGFR下降组新发总CVD事件的风险分别升高1.06(95%CI 0.73~1.55)倍、1.99(95%CI 1.41~2.80)倍和3.00(95%CI 2.12~4.25)倍。结论 eGFR下降和uACR升高所评估的肾功能不一致现象较为常见,二者对CVD发病的影响存在联合作用。