Combining systemic inflammatory response index and albumin fibrinogen ratio to predict early serious complications and prognosis after resectable gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer has a high incidence and fatality rate,and surgery is the preferred course of treatment.Nonetheless,patient survival rates are still low,and the incidence of major postoperative complications cannot be disregarded.The systemic inflammatory response,nutritional level,and coagulation status are key factors affecting the postoperative recovery and prognosis of gastric cancer patients.The systemic inflammatory response index(SIRI)and the albumin fibrinogen ratio(AFR)are two valuable comprehensive indicators of the severity and prognosis of systemic inflammation in various medical conditions.AIM To assess the clinical importance and prognostic significance of the SIRI scores and the AFR on early postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing radical gastric cancer surgery.METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics and relevant laboratory indices of 568 gastric cancer patients from January 2018 to December 2019.We calculated and compared two indicators of inflammation and then examined the diagnostic ability of combined SIRI and AFR values for serious early postoperative complications.We scored the patients and categorized them into three groups based on their SIRI and AFR levels.COX analysis was used to compare the three groups of patients the prognostic value of various preoperative SIRI-AFR scores for 5-year overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS).RESULTS SIRI-AFR scores were an independent risk factor for prognosis[OS:P=0.004;hazards ratio(HR)=3.134;DFS:P<0.001;HR=3.543]and had the highest diagnostic power(area under the curve:0.779;95%confidence interval:0.737-0.820)for early serious complications in patients with gastric cancer.The tumor-node-metastasis stage(P=0.001),perioperative transfusion(P=0.044),positive carcinoembryonic antigen(P=0.014)findings,and major postoperative complications(P=0.011)were factors associated with prognosis.CONCLUSION Preoperative SIRI and AFR values were significantly associated with early postoperative survival and the occurrence of severe complications in gastric cancer patients.

Red cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio is a simple promising prognostic marker in acute cholangitis requiring biliary drainage

Background: It is crucial to assess the severity of acute cholangitis(AC). There are currently several prognostic markers. However, the accuracies of these markers are not satisfied. The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the red cell distribution width(RDW)-to-albumin ratio(RAR) for the prognosis of AC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients diagnosed with AC between May 2019 and March 2022. RAR was calculated, and its predictive ability for in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization were analyzed. Results: Out of 438 patients, 34(7.8%) died. Multivariate analysis showed that malignant etiology [odds ratio(OR) = 4.816, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.936-11.980], creatinine(OR = 1.649, 95% CI: 1.095-2.484), and RAR(OR = 2.064, 95% CI: 1.494-2.851) were independent risk factors for mortality. When adjusted for relevant covariates, including age, sex, malignant etiology, Tokyo severity grading(TSG), Charlson comorbidity index, and creatinine, RAR significantly predicted mortality(adjusted OR = 1.833, 95% CI: 1.280-2.624). When the cut-off of RAR was set to 3.8, its sensitivity and specificity for mortality were 94.1% and 56.7%, respectively. Patients with an RAR of > 3.8 had a 20.9-fold(OR = 20.9, 95% CI: 4.9-88.6) greater risk of mortality than the remaining patients. The area under the curve value of RAR for mortality was 0.835(95% CI: 0.770-0.901), which was significantly higher than that of TSG and the other prognostic markers, such as C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, and procalcitonin-to-albumin ratio. Lastly, RAR was not inferior to TSG in predicting ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization. Conclusions: RAR successfully predicted the in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization of patients with AC, especially in-hospital mortality. RAR is a promising marker that is more convenient than TSG and other prognostic markers for predicting the prognosis of patients with AC.

C-reactive protein to albumin ratio predict responses to programmed cell death-1 inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients

BACKGROUND Over the years,programmed cell death-1(PD-1)inhibitors have been routinely used for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)treatment and yielded improved survival outcomes.Nonetheless,significant heterogeneity surrounds the outcomes of most studies.Therefore,it is critical to search for biomarkers that predict the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors in patients with HCC.AIM To investigate the role of the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio(CAR)in evaluating the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitors for HCC.METHODS The clinical data of 160 patients with HCC treated with PD-1 inhibitors from January 2018 to November 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS The optimal cut-off value for CAR based on progression-free survival(PFS)was determined to be 1.20 using x-tile software.Cox proportional risk model was used to determine the factors affecting prognosis.Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status[hazard ratio(HR)=1.754,95%confidence interval(95%CI)=1.045-2.944,P=0.033],CAR(HR=2.118,95%CI=1.057-4.243,P=0.034)and tumor number(HR=2.932,95%CI=1.246-6.897,P=0.014)were independent prognostic factors for overall survival.CAR(HR=2.730,95%CI=1.502-4.961,P=0.001),tumor number(HR=1.584,95%CI=1.003-2.500,P=0.048)and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(HR=1.120,95%CI=1.022-1.228,P=0.015)were independent prognostic factors for PFS.Two nomograms were constructed based on independent prognostic factors.The C-index index and calibration plots confirmed that the nomogram is a reliable risk prediction tool.The ROC curve and decision curve analysis confirmed that the nomogram has a good predictive effect as well as a net clinical benefit.CONCLUSION Overall,we reveal that the CAR is a potential predictor of short-and long-term prognosis in patients with HCC treated with PD-1 inhibitors.If further verified,CAR-based nomogram may increase the number of markers that predict individualized prognosis.

Establish Albumin-creatinine Ratio Reference Value of Adults in the Rural Area of Hebei Province

Objective To establish albumin-creatinine ratio(ACR) reference value of the rural population in Hebei province.Methods This study enrolled 5154 participants.By excluding subjects with hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,kidney diseases,and overweight condition,as well as those with an estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)<60 ml/(min·1.73 m^2),apparently healthy subjects(1168) were selected.Urine albumin was measured by using the immunoturbidimetic method,serum creatinine was measured by using Jaffe's kinetic method on a morning spot-urine sample,and ACR was calculated.The 95 th percentile of ACR in the healthy subjects was used as the normal upper limit.Results The normal upper limit of ACR was 28.71 mg/g(3.25 mg/mmol) for males and 31.85mg/g(3.60 mg/mmol) for females.Based on this ACR reference value,the age-gender standardized prevalence of albuminuria in the rural areas of Hebei province was 12.9%.Conclusion The ACR reference value in the rural of Hebei province is higher than that of the Western population.

Comparison between different methods of urine collection for estimation of albumin-creatinine ratio in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus

In patients with diabetes mellitus, urinary albumin-creatinine-ratio (ACR) predicts progressive kidney disease. In order to determine the better urine sample for detecting ACR, we estimated ACR in three modes of urine sample. Two hundred patients of uncontrolled diabetes mellitus with proteinuria irrespective of age and sex were studied for urinary ACR in all the three types of samples over a period of 2 years. The statistical analysis showed that first morning ACR (r = 0.999, p > 0.001) of the subjects was more significantly correlated with their 24 hour urine sample ACR than spot urine (r = 0.995,

C-reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio as a Prognostic Indicator in Posttraumatic Shock and Outcome of Multiple Trauma Patients

Objective C-reactive protein(CRP)/albumin ratio(CAR)is a new inflammation-based index for predicting the prognosis of various diseases.The CAR determined on admission may help to predict the prognostic value of multiple trauma patients.Methods A total of 264 adult patients with severe multiple trauma were included for the present retrospective study,together with the collection of relevant clinical and laboratory data.CAR,CRP,albumin,shock index and ISS were incorporated into the prognostic model,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn.Then,the shock index for patients with different levels of CAR was analyzed.Finally,univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the independent risk factors for the 28-day mortality of multiple trauma patients.Results A total of 36 patients had poor survival outcomes,and the mortality rate reached 13.6%.Furthermore,after analyzing the shock index for patients with different levels of CAR,it was revealed that the shock index was significantly higher when CAR was≥4,when compared to CAR<2 and 2≤CAR<4,in multiple trauma patients.The multivariate logistic analysis helped to identify the independent association between the variables CAR(P=0.029)and shock index(P=0.019),and the 28-day mortality of multiple trauma patients.Conclusion CAR is higher in patients with severe multiple trauma.Furthermore,CAR serves as a risk factor for independently predicting the 28-day mortality of multiple trauma patients.The shock index was significantly higher when CAR was≥4 in multiple trauma patients.

Role of fibrinogen,albumin and fibrinogen to albumin ratio in determining angiographic severity and outcomes in acute coronary syndrome

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic unmasked the huge deficit in healthcare resources worldwide.It highlighted the need for efficient risk stratification in management of cardiovascular emergencies.AIM To study the applicability of the old,available and affordable nonconventional biomarkers:albumin and fibrinogen in their ability to predict angiographic severity and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome(ACS).METHODS In this prospective,observational study,166 consecutive patients with ACS were enrolled.Fibrinogen,albumin and their ratio were determined from serum.Patients with underlying chronic liver disease,active malignancy,autoimmune disease,active COVID-19 infection and undergoing thrombolysis were excluded.RESULTS Mean age of the population was 60.5±1.5 years,74.1%being males.ST elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)was most common presentation of ACS seen in 57%patients.Fibrinogen albumin ratio(FAR)≥19.2,had a sensitivity of 76.9%and specificity of 78.9%[area under the receiver operating characteristic curves(AUROC)=0.8,P=0.001]to predict≤thrombolysis in myocardial infarction(TIMI)1 flow in culprit artery in STEMI patients.Even in non-STEMI patients,FAR≥18.85 predicted the same with 80%sensitivity and 63%specificity(AUROC=0.715,P=0.006).CONCLUSION Novel biomarkers,with their high cost,lack of availability and long turn over time are impractical for real-world use.Identifying≤TIMI 1 flow in the culprit artery has significant impact of management and outcome.Our study has shown that readily available biomarkers like fibrinogen and albumin can help identify these high-risk patients with good accuracy.This allows risk-stratification and individualization of treatment in ACS.

Increased Spot Urinary Protein-to-Creatinine Ratio Can Be a Useful Predictor of Preeclampsia

Objectives: Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of preeclampsia is important to help patients with preeclampsia. However, 24-hour urine collection is the gold standard diagnostic method at present. Recently, the spot urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (P/C ratio) has been used to detect suspected preeclampsia, because it can be used to estimate the amount of 24-hour urinary protein. The aim of this study is to investigate whether an increase in P/C ratio precedes emergence of hypertension among inpatients with preeclampsia. Method: The P/C ratio in normotensive (systolic blood pressure < 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg) pregnant women was measured during regular prenatal checkups and in inpatients with preeclampsia between April 1, 2013 and March 31, 2014. Results: We included in this study 4074 normotensive pregnant women. The 95th percentile values for the trimester of pregnancy were 0.100, 0.157, and 0.195, respectively. The 95th percentile value for each trimester of pregnancy and gestational age were determined as criterion (Y) and predictive variables (X), respectively. In a simple regression analysis, the regression line was calculated as Y = 0.0035X + 0.0849 (R2 = 0.9913). Twenty-one women were diagnosed with preeclampsia. In 14 patients with preeclampsia, the timing of the increase in P/C ratio to higher than the regression line preceded the emergence of hypertension. Six patients had no data on P/C ratio, and 1 patient had hypertension before the increase in P/C ratio. Conclusions: An increase in P/C ratio to higher than the 95th percentile value can be a useful predictor of preeclampsia.

Determination of upper reference value of urinary calcium-creatinine ratio for the paediatric population in Burdwan district

To estimate the rate of excretion of urinary calcium, a 24-hour sample of urine is required and this is not always easy to collect accurately in infant and children. So, random urine calcium to creatinine ratio (Ca/Cr ratio) has been developed. But as the ratio varies worldwide, reference values of the parameter in paediatric population are not developed. To determine reference value, the present study was conducted in healthy paediatric population in Burdwan district, West Bengal. This study was performed on 693 healthy paediatric subjects, aged between 3 months to 18 years and divided into five groups. Early morning non-fasting urine samples from all study groups were analyzed for Ca/Cr ratio. A negative correlation was observed between age and urinary Ca/Cr ratio, but there was no significant difference of urinary Ca/Cr ratio between two sexes. Considering 97.5th percentile of the underlying distribution of values as the upper limit of reference range, upper reference values of urinary Ca/Cr ratio for age groups

Prognostic significance of the fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio in gallbladder cancer patients

AIM To investigate the prognostic role of fibrinogen-toalbumin ratio(FAR) on patients with gallbladder cancer(Gbc) in this study.METHODS One hundred and fifty-four Gbc patients were retro-spectively analyzed, who received potentially curative cholecystectomy in our institute from March 2005 to December 2017. Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROc curve) was used to determine the optimal cut-offs for these biomarkers. In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis as well as multivariate analysis were applied for prognostic analyses.RESULTS ROc curve revealed that the optimal cut-off value for FAR was 0.08. FAR was significantly correlated with age(P = 0.045), jaundice(P < 0.001), differentiation(P = 0.002), resection margin status(P < 0.001), T stage(P < 0.001), TNM stage(P < 0.001), and c A199(P < 0.001) as well as albumin levels(P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that the resection margin status [hazard ratio(HR): 2.343, 95% confidence interval(c I): 1.532-3.581, P < 0.001], TNM stage(P = 0.035), albumin level(HR = 0.595, 95%c I: 0.385-0.921, P = 0.020) and FAR(HR: 2.813, 95%c I: 1.765-4.484, P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors in Gbc patients.CONCLUSION An elevated preoperative FAR was significantly correlated with unfavorable overall survival in Gbc patients, while an elevated preoperative albumin level was a protective prognostic factor for patients with Gbc. The preoperative FAR could be used to predict the prognosis of Gbc patients, which was easily accessible, costeffective and noninvasive.

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and albumin bilirubin grade in hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a frequent cause of cancer related death globally.Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and albumin bilirubin(ALBI)grade are emerging prognostic indicators in HCC.AIM To study published literature of NLR and ALBI over the last five years,and to validate NLR and ALBI locally in our centre as indicators of HCC survival.METHODS A systematic review of the published literature on PubMed of NLR and ALBI in HCC over the last five years.The search followed the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Additionally,we also investigated HCC cases between December 2013 and December 2018 in our centre.RESULTS There were 54 studies describing the relation between HCC and NLR and 95 studies describing the relation between HCC and ALBI grade over the last five years.Our local cohort of patients showed NLR to have a significant negative relationship to survival(P=0.011).There was also significant inverse relationship between the size of the largest HCC nodule and survival(P=0.009).Median survival with alpha fetoprotein(AFP)<10 KU/L was 20 mo and with AFP>10 KU/L was 5 mo.We found that AFP was inversely related to survival,this relationship was not statically significant(P=0.132).Mean survival for ALBI grade 1 was 37.7 mo,ALBI grade 2 was 13.4 months and ALBI grade 3 was 4.5mo.ALBI grades performed better than Child Turcotte Pugh score in detecting death from HCC.CONCLUSION NLR and ALBI grade in HCC predict survival better than the conventional alpha fetoprotein.ALBI grade performs better than Child Turcotte Pugh score.These markers are done as part of routine clinical care and in cases of normal alpha fetoprotein,these markers could give a better understanding of the patient disease progression.NLR and ALBI grade could have a role in modified easier to learn staging and prognostic systems for HCC.

The prognostic potential of pretreatment C-reactive protein to albumin ratio in stage IE/IIE extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma

Objective The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic significance of the C-reactive protein-toalbumin ratio (CRP/Alb) for stage IE/IIE upper aerodigestive tract extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma patients. Methods One hundred and fourteen patients diagnosed with extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma at Sichuan Cancer Hospital from September 2011 to November 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. An optimal cutoff value of CRP/Alb for overall survival rate as an endpoint was obtained using the receiver operating curve (ROC). Results The optimal cutoff value of CRP/Alb was 0.15. For the low CRP/Alb group, the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 78.6% and the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 80.7%. The 3-year PFS and OS values for the high CRP/Alb group were 41.6% and 45.2%, respectively. Differences for PFS (P < 0.001) and OS (P < 0.001) between the two groups were statistically significant. Univariate analysis showed that ECOG, IPI, CRP, GPS, and CRP/Alb were significantly associated with PFS. Similarly, all five were also significantly associated with OS. Multivariate analysis further confirmed that ECOG and CRP/ Alb were independent prognostic factors for both PFS and OS. Moreover, the cutoff value of CRP/Alb showed superior prognostic ability in discriminating between patients with different outcomes in low-risk group based on GPS, IPI, and KPI scores. Conclusion CRP/Alb is a promising prognostic marker for early-stage extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma.

Albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio: A novel prognostic index of overall survival in cholangiocarcinoma patients after surgery

AIM To clarify the prognostic significance of preoperative albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio(AAPR) in cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) subjects receiving surgery.METHODS In this retrospective study, we included 303 CCA patients receiving surgery without preoperative therapy between 2002 and 2014. Clinicopathological characteristics(including AAPR) were analyzed to determine predictors of postoperative overall survival and recurrence-free survival(RFS). In addition,univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were conducted,followed by application of time-dependent receiver operating curves to identify the optimal cut-off.RESULTS Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed both decreased overall survival[hazard ratio(HR): 2.88, 95%CI: 1.19-5.78] and recurrence-free survival(HR: 2.31,95%CI: 1.40–3.29) in patients with AAPR < 0.41 compared to those with AAPR ≥0.41. The optimal cut-off of AAPR was 0.41. Of the 303 subjects, 253(83.5%) had an AAPR over 0.41. The overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates were 70.2%, 38.0% and 16.5%, respectively in the low(< 0.41) AAPR group, which were significantly lower than those in the high(≥ 0.41) AAPR group(81.7%, 53.9%, and 33.4%,respectively)(P < 0.0001). Large tumor size, multiple tumors, and advanced clinical stage were also identified as significant predictors of poor prognosis.CONCLUSION Our outcomes showed that AAPR was a potential valuable prognostic indicator in CCA patients undergoing surgery, which should be further confirmed by prospective studies. Moreover, it is necessary to investigate the mechanisms concerning the correlation of low AAPR with poor post-operative survival in CCA patients.

Prognostic significance of the preoperative hemoglobin to albumin ratio for the short-term survival of gastric cancer patients

BACKGROUND Hemoglobin and albumin are associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer(GC)patients. However, the prognostic value of the hemoglobin to albumin ratio(HAR) for the short-term survival of GC patients with D2 radical resection has not been studied.AIM To investigate the significance of the HAR in evaluating the short-term survival of GC patients after D2 radical resection and to construct a nomogram to predict the prognosis in GC patients after surgery, thus providing a reference for the development of postoperative individualized treatment and follow-up plans.METHODS Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for prognostic analysis.Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationships between HAR and the clinicopathological characteristics of the GC patients. A prognostic nomogram model for the short-term survival of GC patients was constructed by R software.RESULTS HAR was an independent risk factor for the short-term survival of GC patients.GC patients with a low HAR had a poor prognosis(P < 0.001). Low HAR was markedly related to high stage [odds ratio(OR) = 0.45 for Ⅱ vs Ⅰ;OR = 0.48 for Ⅲ vs Ⅰ], T classification(OR = 0.52 for T4 vs T1) and large tumor size(OR = 0.51 for ≥4 cm vs < 4 cm)(all P < 0.05). The nomogram model was based on HAR, age,CA19-9, CA125 and stage, and the C-index was 0.820.CONCLUSION Preoperative low HAR was associated with short-term survival in GC patients.The prognostic nomogram model can accurately predict the short-term survival of GC patients with D2 radical resection.

Plasma glutathione and oxidized glutathione level, glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio, and albumin concentration in complicated and uncomplicated falciparum malaria

Objective: To compare the level of glutathione(GSH) and oxidized glutathione(GSSG),the ratio of GSH/GSSG and the concentration of albumin in plasma of patients with complicated and un-complicated falciparum malaria.Methods: This research was a cross sectional study using comparison analysis with the plasma GSH and GSSG, the ratio of plasma GSH/GSSG and the concentration of plasma albumin as variables. The complicated malaria patients were obtained from Dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, whereas uncomplicated malaria patients were obtained from the Regency of Pleihari South Kalimantan. Plasma GSH and GSSG levels were determined by the spectrophotometer at the wave length of 412 nm, whereas the concentration of albumin was determined by bromocresol green method in the p H of 4.1.Results: There were no significant differences between the level of plasma GSH and GSSG in complicated and uncomplicated malaria patients, as well as the ratio of plasma GSH/GSSG in the two groups(P = 0.373; P = 0.538; and P = 0.615, respectively, independent ttest). In contrast, the plasma albumin concentration in complicated malaria patients were significantly higher than uncomplicated malaria patients(P = 0.000, Mann Whitney U test).Conclusions: It can be concluded that the average of plasma GSH and GSSG level, also plasma GSH/GSSG ratio in complicated malaria are not different from uncomplicated malaria. Although plasma concentration of albumin in both groups is below the normal range,there is an increase in complicated malaria that might be as compensation of oxidative stress.

蛋白尿与估算肾小球滤过率联合对糖尿病患者新发心血管疾病的影响

目的 观察估算肾小球滤过率(estimated glomerular filtration rate, eGFR)和尿微量白蛋白与肌酐比值(urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, uACR)评估肾功能的一致性,探讨二者联合对糖尿病患者新发心脑血管疾病(cardia-cerebrovascular disease, CVD)(包括心力衰竭、心肌梗死、脑卒中)的影响。方法 选择参加开滦第5次或第6次健康体检且进行尿微量白蛋白及尿肌酐、血肌酐检测的8 791例2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)患者为研究对象。依据基线uACR和eGFR水平分组:正常组(uACR<3 mg/mmol且eGFR≥90 mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2))、单纯eGFR下降组(uACR<3 mg/mmol且eGFR<90 mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2))、单纯uACR升高组(uACR≥3 mg/mmol且eGFR≥90 mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2))和uACR升高合并eGFR下降组(uACR≥3 mg/mmol且eGFR<90 mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2))。观察eGFR和uACR评估的肾功能是否一致。采用多因素Cox回归模型分析uACR和eGFR联合分组对CVD发病风险的影响。结果 (1)研究对象基线年龄为(60.97±9.99)岁,男性占79.05%,中位uACR为1.68(0.81,4.60)mg/mmol,平均eGFR为(92.14±16.52) mL·min^(-1)·1.73 m^(-2),uACR升高与eGFR下降不一致者占43.59%。(2)中位随访时间为3.83年,共发生CVD事件694例(7.89%),4组总CVD事件的发病密度分别为12.96/1 000人年、19.04/1 000人年、25.65/1 000人年和46.87/1 000人年。(3)与正常组相比,单纯eGFR下降组、单纯uACR升高组和uACR升高合并eGFR下降组新发总CVD事件的风险分别升高1.06(95%CI 0.73~1.55)倍、1.99(95%CI 1.41~2.80)倍和3.00(95%CI 2.12~4.25)倍。结论 eGFR下降和uACR升高所评估的肾功能不一致现象较为常见,二者对CVD发病的影响存在联合作用。

血清Hb、NLR、SUA/CR与糖尿病骨质疏松患者临床风险因素及利拉鲁肽治疗效果的相关性

目的分析血清血红蛋白(Hb)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血尿酸/肌酐比值(SUA/CR)与糖尿病骨质疏松(DOP)患者临床风险因素的关系,并探讨三者与利拉鲁肽治疗后骨密度的相关性。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年1月平顶山市第一人民医院内分泌科收治的185例糖尿病患者的临床资料,根据是否合并骨质疏松将其分为骨质疏松组58例和无骨质疏松组127例。比较两组患者的血清Hb、NLR、SUA/CR水平;经二元Logistic回归模型分析DOP的临床风险因素;采用Pearson相关性分析法分析骨质疏松患者血清Hb、NLR、SUA/CR与临床风险因素的相关性;骨质疏松组患者均采用利拉鲁肽治疗,比较其治疗前后的骨密度;采用Pearson相关性分析法分析血清Hb、NLR、SUA/CR与治疗后骨密度的相关性。结果与无骨质疏松组比较,骨质疏松组患者的年龄更大,体质量指数(BMI)、握力降低,糖尿病病程延长,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。骨质疏松组患者的血清Hb水平为(112.67±15.33)g/dL,明显低于无骨质疏松组的(129.78±19.27)g/dL,而NLR、SUA/CR分别为2.68±0.57、(84.53±9.71)mg/g,明显高于无骨质疏松组的2.17±0.48、(57.63±7.17)mg/g,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,年龄(OR=8.919,95%CI:1.904~41.788)、糖尿病病程(OR=6.830,95%CI:1.147~40.689)是DOP的危险性因素,而BMI(OR=0.331,95%CI:0.148~0.738)、握力(OR=0.292,95%CI:0.121~0.705)是其保护性因素(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,年龄、糖尿病病程与血清Hb呈负相关(P<0.05),BMI、握力与血清NLR、SUA/CR呈负相关(P<0.05);年龄、糖尿病病程与血清NLR、SUA/CR呈正相关(P<0.05);BMI、握力与血清Hb呈正相关(P<0.05)。骨质疏松患者经利拉鲁肽治疗后的骨密度为(0.79±0.16)g/cm^(2),明显高于治疗前的(0.65±0.12)g/cm^(2),差异有统计学意义(t=9.521,P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,血清Hb与治疗后骨密度呈正相关(P<0.05),血清NLR、SUA/CR与治疗后骨密度呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论血清Hb、NLR、SUA/CR与DOP的临床风险因素及利拉鲁肽治疗后骨密度密切相关,可为临床DOP风险及治疗效果评估提供参考。

甲状腺结节发生的因素及成人Hcy与AGR和甲状腺自身抗体相关

目的探讨甲状腺结节发生的因素及成人同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)与白球蛋白比值(AGR)、甲状腺自身抗体相关性。方法本文为回顾性研究,2019年10月至2020年8月有1427人在河北北方学院附属第二医院进行体检,通过简单随机抽样选取符合纳入排除标准受检者的临床资料进行分析,共计100例,均行甲状腺彩色超声,根据是否患有甲状腺结节分为对照组(未患甲状腺结节,n=52)和观察组(患甲状腺结节,n=48)。比较两组研究对象一般临床资料,分析成人同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)与白球蛋白比值(AGR)、甲状腺自身抗体[抗甲状腺球蛋白抗体(TGAb)与抗甲状腺过氧化物酶抗体(TPOAb)]相关性,用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析筛选出影响甲状腺结节发病率的相关因素。结果观察组性别、年龄、舒张压、收缩压、Hcy、AGR、TGAb及TPOAb与对照组比较,差异显著(P<0.05);以成人Hcy为因变量,采用Spearman对AGR、TGAb及TPOAb进行相关性分析,成人Hcy与AGR呈负相关(r=-0.384,P<0.05),TGAb、TPOAb呈正相关(r=0.218,0.224,P<0.05);以年龄、性别、舒张压、收缩压、Hcy、AGR、TGAb及TPOAb为自变量,甲状腺结节为因变量,对100例体检者进行多因素Logistic回归分析,分析显示,年龄≥40岁、女性是甲状腺结节发生的相关因素(P<0.05),Hcy、AGR、TGAb及TPOAb水平与甲状腺结节具有相关性(P<0.05)。结论甲状腺结节多发生于中年女性,Hcy、AGR、TGAb及TPOAb水平与其发生具有相关性,临床需针对以上指标定期进行甲状腺筛查工作。

预后营养指数与尿素/肌酐比值在食管癌放化疗患者营养状态评估中的应用

目的探讨预后营养指数与尿素/肌酐比值在食管癌放化疗患者营养状态评估中的应用价值研究。方法筛选接受放化疗的食管癌患者138例,采用NRS 2002营养筛查为标准,应用患者客观指标的预后营养指数(PNI)及尿素/肌酐比值(UCR)对食管癌放化疗患者营养不良进行评价,分析两种客观性营养筛查工具与各营养指标的相关性,采用ROC曲线评估比较不同营养筛查工具的诊断效能。结果食管癌放化疗患者的生化指标和血液学指标呈现一定特征,其中尿素、肌酐、UCR、白蛋白(ALB)、前白蛋白(PALB)、总蛋白(TP)、TC、TG、HDL和LDL水平均在正常范围内波动。在营养风险筛查方面,NRS 2002评分识别出57.97%的患者存在营养风险,而PNI和UCR预测存在营养风险的患者比例分别为31.16%和40.58%。一致性检验显示,PNI与NRS 2002评分的Kappa值为0.460(P<0.05),UCR与NRS 2002评分的Kappa值为0.522(P<0.05),表明两者与NRS 2002评分在营养风险筛查上具有一定的相关性。相关性分析表明,NRS 2002评分与UCR、ALB、PALB、PBL、Cr、HDL、TP存在显著相关性(P<0.05),PNI与ALB、PALB、PBL、肌酐(Cr)、HDL、TP、尿素(UREA)存在显著相关性(P<0.05),UCR与PALB、UREA、Cr存在显著相关性(P<0.05)。Logistic单因素回归分析进一步证实了这些相关性,并揭示了营养不良与ALB、PALB、TP、淋巴细胞、Cr、BMI指标成负相关,与UREA呈正相关。然而,多因素回归分析未发现这些相关因素与两种客观评价指标之间存在统计学差异。诊断效能评价结果显示,PNI和UCR评估预测放化疗食管癌营养不良的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.779和0.736,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。其中,UCR显示出较高的灵敏度,而PNI表现出较高的特异度,但两者在诊断价值上无显著差异。结论PNI和UCR作为营养评估工具在食管癌放化疗患者的营养风险筛查中具有一定的应用价值,但两者与NRS 2002评分在一致性方面有待提高。在评估患者营养状况时,应结合多种指标和方法,以获得更准确的诊断结果。

白蛋白-球蛋白比值与维持性血液透析患者预后的相关性

目的:分析白蛋白-球蛋白比值(AGR)与维持性血液透析(MHD)患者预后的相关性。方法:回顾2010年01月—2020年12月在韶关市第一人民医院收治的320例MHD患者的临床资料,AGR水平波动于0.41~3.26之间,根据AGR中位数(1.21)将患者分为高AGR组(n=162)和低AGR组(n=158),通过倾向性匹配评分匹配分为高AGR组和低AGR组各94例,分析患者死亡原因,采用Kaplan-Meier法分析两组生存情况,并用COX比例风险模型分析AGR对MHD患者心血管死亡和全因死亡的影响。结果:(1)低AGR组患者白细胞计数、血小板计数、纤维蛋白原、球蛋白水平均高于高AGR组,血清磷、血尿酸、血肌酐、血尿素氮、白蛋白水平均低于高AGR组(P<0.05)。(2)中位随访时间41.35个月,随访期间转腹膜透析治疗4例(2.13%),肾移植1例(0.53%),失访2例(1.06%),死亡62例(32.98%),死亡原因分别为:心血管疾病44例(70.97%)、感染9例(14.52%)、肿瘤3例(4.84%)、其它6例(9.68%)。(3)Kaplan-Meier分析显示,高AGR组患者累积全因生存率(P<0.001)和累积心血管疾病存活率(P<0.001)均优于低AGR组患者。(4)COX回归分析显示,未校正的模型中低AGR组患者全因死亡风险(HR:3.842)及心血管死亡风险(HR:3.752)均显著增加,校正后,低AGR组患者全因死亡风险(HR:2.657)和心血管死亡风险(HR:2.764)仍显著增加,在此基础上进一步校正变量后,低AGR仍然是增加全因死亡风险(HR:2.740)和心血管死亡风险(HR:2.651)的独立风险因素。此外,AGR预测全因死亡风险和心血管死亡风险的AUC分别为:0.751和0.744。结论:低AGR是MHD患者心血管和全因死亡的独立危险因素,AGR可作为评估MHD患者预后可靠指标。