BACKGROUND MicroRNAs(miRNAs)regulate gene expression and play a critical role in cancer physiology.However,there is still a limited understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in gastric cancer(GC...BACKGROUND MicroRNAs(miRNAs)regulate gene expression and play a critical role in cancer physiology.However,there is still a limited understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in gastric cancer(GC).AIM To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of miRNA-145-5p(miR145-5p)in the progression of GC.METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect miRNA expression in human GC tissues and cells.The ability of cancer cells to migrate and invade was assessed using wound-healing and transwell assays,respectively.Cell proliferation was measured using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays,and apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry.Expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated protein was determined by Western blot.Targets of miR-145-5p were predicated using bioinformatics analysis and verified using a dual-luciferase reporter system.Serpin family E member 1(SERPINE1)expression in GC tissues and cells was evaluated using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining.The correlation between SERPINE1 expression and overall patient survival was determined using Kaplan-Meier plot analysis.The association between SERPINE1 and GC progression was also tested.A rescue experiment of SERPINE1 overexpression was conducted to verify the relationship between this protein and miR-145-5p.The mechanism by which miR-145-5p influences GC progression was further explored by assessing tumor formation in nude mice.RESULTS GC tissues and cells had reduced miR-145-5p expression and SERPINE1 was identified as a direct target of this miRNA.Overexpression of miR-145-5p was associated with decreased GC cell proliferation,invasion,migration,and EMT,and these effects were reversed by forcing SERPINE1 expression.Kaplan-Meier plot analysis revealed that patients with higher SERPINE1 expression had a shorter survival rate than those with lower SERPINE1 expression.Nude mouse tumorigenesis experiments confirmed that miR-145-5p targets SERPINE1 to regulate extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2(ERK1/2).CONCLUSION This study found that miR-145-5p inhibits tumor progression and is expressed in lower amounts in patients with GC.MiR-145-5p was found to affect GC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion by negatively regulating SERPINE1 levels and controlling the ERK1/2 pathway.展开更多
BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming has been identified as a core hallmark of cancer.Solute carrier family 2 is a major glucose carrier family.It consists of 14 members,and we mainly study solute carrier family 2 membe...BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming has been identified as a core hallmark of cancer.Solute carrier family 2 is a major glucose carrier family.It consists of 14 members,and we mainly study solute carrier family 2 member 1(SLC2A1)and solute carrier family 2 member 2(SLC2A2)here.SLC2A1,mainly existing in human erythrocytes,brain endothelial cells,and normal placenta,was found to be increased in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),while SLC2A2,the major transporter of the normal liver,was decreased in HCC.AIM To identify if SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were associated with immune infiltration in addition to participating in the metabolic reprogramming in HCC.METHODS The expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were tested in HepG2 cells,HepG215 cells,and multiple databases.The clinical characteristics and survival data of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were examined by multiple databases.The correlation between SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 was analyzed by multiple databases.The functions and pathways in which SLC2A1,SLC2A2,and frequently altered neighbor genes were involved were discussed in String.Immune infiltration levels and immune marker genes associated with SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were discussed from multiple databases.RESULTS The expression level of SLC2A1 was up-regulated,but the expression level of SLC2A2 was down-regulated in HepG2 cells,HepG215 cells,and liver cancer patients.The expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were related to tumor volume,grade,and stage in HCC.Interestingly,the expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were negatively correlated.Further,high SLC2A1 expression and low SLC2A2 expression were linked to poor overall survival and relapse-free survival.SLC2A1,SLC2A2,and frequently altered neighbor genes played a major role in the occurrence and development of tumors.Notably,SLC2A1 was positively correlated with tumor immune infiltration,while SLC2A2 was negatively correlated with tumor immune infiltration.Particularly,SLC2A2 methylation was positively correlated with lymphocytes.CONCLUSION SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 are independent therapeutic targets for HCC,and they are quintessential marker molecules for predicting and regulating the number and status of immune cells in HCC.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Disturbance of mitochondrial fi ssion and fusion(termed mitochondrial dynamics)is one of the leading causes of ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)-induced myocardial injury.Previous studies showed that mitochondrial ...BACKGROUND:Disturbance of mitochondrial fi ssion and fusion(termed mitochondrial dynamics)is one of the leading causes of ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)-induced myocardial injury.Previous studies showed that mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)conferred cardioprotective effect against myocardial I/R injury and suppressed I/R-induced excessive mitophagy in cardiomyocytes.However,whether ALDH2 participates in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics during myocardial I/R injury remains unknown.METHODS:In the present study,we investigated the effect of ALDH2 on mitochondrial dynamics and the underlying mechanisms using the H9c2 cells exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)as an in vitro model of myocardial I/R injury.RESULTS:Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was significantly increased after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation(OGD/R),and ALDH2 activation largely decreased the cardiomyocyte apoptosis.Additionally,we found that both ALDH2 activation and overexpression significantly inhibited the increased mitochondrial fission after OGD/R.Furthermore,we found that ALDH2 dominantly suppressed dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1)phosphorylation(Ser616)and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)phosphorylation(Thr172)but not interfered with the expression levels of mitochondrial shaping proteins.CONCLUSIONS:We demonstrate the protective effect of ALDH2 against cardiomyocyte H/R injury with a novel mechanism on mitochondrial fission/fusion.展开更多
Human endogenous retroviruses(HERVs)are remnants of retroviral infections in human germline cells from millions of years ago.Among these,ERVW-1(also known as HERV-W-ENV,ERVWE1,or ENVW)encodes the envelope protein of t...Human endogenous retroviruses(HERVs)are remnants of retroviral infections in human germline cells from millions of years ago.Among these,ERVW-1(also known as HERV-W-ENV,ERVWE1,or ENVW)encodes the envelope protein of the HERV-W family,which contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.Additionally,neuropathological studies have revealed cell death and disruption of iron homeostasis in the brains of individuals with schizophrenia.Here,our bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed genes in the human prefrontal cortex RNA microarray dataset(GSE53987)were mainly related to ferroptosis and its associated pathways.Clinical data demonstrated significantly lower expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes,particularly Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)and solute carrier family 3 member 2(SLC3A2),in schizophrenia patients compared to normal controls.Further in-depth analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between ERVW-1 expression and the levels of GPX4/SLC3A2 in schizophrenia.Studies indicated that ERVW-1 increased iron levels,malondialdehyde(MDA),and transferrin receptor protein 1(TFR1)expression while decreasing glutathione(GSH)levels and triggering the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential,suggesting that ERVW-1 can induce ferroptosis.Ongoing research has shown that ERVW-1 reduced the expression of GPX4 and SLC3A2 by inhibiting their promoter activities.Moreover,Ferrostatin-1(Fer-1),the ferroptosis inhibitor,reversed the iron accumulation and mitochondrial membrane potential loss,as well as restored the expressions of ferroptosis markers GSH,MDA,and TFR1 induced by ERVW-1.In conclusion,ERVW-1 could promote ferroptosis by downregulating the expression of GPX4 and SLC3A2,revealing a novel mechanism by which ERVW-1 contributes to neuronal cell death in schizophrenia.展开更多
细胞色素P450(cytochrome P450,CYP450)是一类血红素氧化酶。细胞色素P450家族2亚家族R成员1(cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily R member 1,CYP2R1)是一种主要在肝组织中表达的维生素D羟化酶。目前,对于小鼠CYP2R1蛋白质的结构、物...细胞色素P450(cytochrome P450,CYP450)是一类血红素氧化酶。细胞色素P450家族2亚家族R成员1(cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily R member 1,CYP2R1)是一种主要在肝组织中表达的维生素D羟化酶。目前,对于小鼠CYP2R1蛋白质的结构、物化特性和病理机制的理了解仍十分有限。本研究结合基因克隆和生物信息学分析,获得小鼠CYP2R1基因CDS序列及其生物学特征。随后,利用pcDNA3.1-CYP2R1真核表达载体,通过细胞划痕、MTT分析、real-time qPCR方法检测异源表达CYP2R1对肺癌细胞A549、胃癌细胞7901、肝癌细胞HepG2以及正常细胞HEK293T细胞的迁移、增殖和细胞周期基因表达的影响,探明其对癌细胞增殖的作用。结果显示,由C57BL/6小鼠肝组织的CYP2R1基因,序列长度1506 bp,其中,CDS 468 bp。其编码的155个氨基酸,与其他11个物种间的同源性均较高,其三级结构与人CYP2R1略有不同。构建的pcDNA3.1-CYP2R1真核表达载体,可在体外培养细胞中提高CYP2R1基因mRNA表达105倍以上,蛋白质水平提高约30倍。值得注意的是,异源表达CYP2R1在癌细胞增殖中的作用具有差异性,其中,CYP2R1通过显著降低细胞周期蛋白基因CyclinD1(P<0.05)和Caspase3(P<0.01),而抑制7901细胞的增殖。该研究结果为进一步探索CYP2R1的生物学作用,特别是在分析其对癌细胞增殖方面提供了基础研究数据,并为进一步明确CYP2R1在癌症相关治疗中的重要意义奠定了理论基础。展开更多
目的观察脑膜瘤患者醛脱氢酶9家族成员A1(member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family A1,ALDH9 A1)、乙醛脱氢酶2(aldehyde dehydrogenase,ALDH2)蛋白表达情况,并分析其临床意义。方法选取2015年8月-2017年5月在我院接受治疗的60...目的观察脑膜瘤患者醛脱氢酶9家族成员A1(member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family A1,ALDH9 A1)、乙醛脱氢酶2(aldehyde dehydrogenase,ALDH2)蛋白表达情况,并分析其临床意义。方法选取2015年8月-2017年5月在我院接受治疗的60例脑膜瘤患者为观察组,选取同期在我院接受治疗的脑外伤患者60例作为对照组,观察两组ALDH9 A1、ALDH2蛋白表达情况,比较两组血管内皮生长因子(VEGF-A)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-9)、胰岛素样生长因子-2(IGF-Ⅱ)及其受体(IGF-ⅡR)水平的差异,分析脑膜瘤患者ALDH9 A1、ALDH2蛋白表达情况与VEGF-A、MMP-9、IGF-Ⅱ和IGF-ⅡR水平的相关性。结果观察组患者的ALDH9 A1阳性和ALDH2阳性表达率均高于对照组(χ2值=70.533、86.724,P<0.001);观察组患者的VEGF-A和MMP-9蛋白表达水平均高于对照组(t=-16.866、-15.162,P<0.001);观察组患者的IGF-Ⅱ阳性和IGF-ⅡR阳性表达率均高于对照组(χ2值=101.538、112.258,P<0.001);脑膜瘤患者的ALDH9 A1、ALDH2阳性表达率与VEGF-A、MMP-9水平和IGF-Ⅱ和IGF-ⅡR阳性表达率正相关(r=0.612、0.598、0.605、0.627、0.608、0.612、0.634、0.587,P<0.05)。结论脑膜瘤患者的ALDH9 A1、ALDH2蛋白阳性表达率较高,且与EGF-A、MMP-9水平和IGF-Ⅱ和IGF-ⅡR阳性表达率明显正相关。展开更多
目的探讨人乙醛脱氢酶家族1成员A3(aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A3,ALDH1A3)在胰腺癌及正常胰腺组织中的表达情况,并研究其对胰腺癌侵袭的调控及可能的机制。方法利用癌症和肿瘤基因图谱(the Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数...目的探讨人乙醛脱氢酶家族1成员A3(aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A3,ALDH1A3)在胰腺癌及正常胰腺组织中的表达情况,并研究其对胰腺癌侵袭的调控及可能的机制。方法利用癌症和肿瘤基因图谱(the Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库中胰腺癌患者数据集、基因组织表达项目(Genotype-Tissue Expression Project,GTEx)中正常胰腺组织基因表达谱数据和肿瘤细胞系百科全书(Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia,CCLE)数据库中胰腺癌细胞系的基因表达谱矩阵,分析ALDH家族各亚型的表达情况;Transwell实验检测敲低ALDH1A3对胰腺癌细胞侵袭能力的影响;基因富集分析(gene set enrichment analysis,GSEA)探讨ALDH1A3与JAK/STAT3通路活化的关系。结果 ALDH1A3在胰腺癌组织中的表达高于正常胰腺组织;在胰腺癌细胞系中的表达高于其他ALDH亚型;下调ALDH1A3可以降低胰腺癌细胞系的侵袭能力;JAK/STAT3通路在ALDH1A3高表达胰腺癌患者中显著富集;下调ALDH1A3可抑制STAT3的磷酸化。结论 ALDH1A3参与调控胰腺癌细胞的侵袭,其机制可能与JAK/STAT3通路的活化有关。展开更多
目的探讨胰腺癌中溶质载体家族2促进葡萄糖转运蛋白成员1(Solute carrier family 2 facilitated glucose transporter member 1,SLC2A1)的表达及临床意义。方法检索CEPIA数据库中SLC2A1表达量,分析胰腺癌和正常对照组SLC2A1的差异。从T...目的探讨胰腺癌中溶质载体家族2促进葡萄糖转运蛋白成员1(Solute carrier family 2 facilitated glucose transporter member 1,SLC2A1)的表达及临床意义。方法检索CEPIA数据库中SLC2A1表达量,分析胰腺癌和正常对照组SLC2A1的差异。从TCGA数据库中下载胰腺癌SLC2A1 RNA数据及临床病理资料,利用R和SPSS软件分析SLC2A1表达与临床病理特征及预后的关系。Kaplan-Meier plotter和CEPIA数据库分析SLC2A1表达与生存时间的关系。结果CEPIA数据库显示胰腺癌组织中SLC2A1的表达量明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。SLC2A1高表达与胰腺癌浸润深度显著相关(P=0.002),而与年龄、性别、病理分级、淋巴结转移、远处转移、肿瘤分期的相关性均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。Kaplan-Meier plotter结果显示SLC2A1低表达组的总生存期和无复发生存期均较高表达组明显延长(P均<0.05)。CEPIA显示SLC2A1低表达组的总生存期和无病生存期均较高表达组明显延长(P均<0.05)。COX多因素回归分析提示SLC2A1是胰腺癌患者总生存期的独立危险因素。结论SLC2A1在胰腺癌组织中高表达,与胰腺癌浸润深度、总生存期、无复发生存期、无病生存期显著相关,而且是胰腺癌患者总生存期的独立危险因素。展开更多
Recent genome-wide association studies have identified several lung cancer susceptibility loci. We previously carried out a replication study in male Japanese smokers that focused on chromosome 5p15 (telomerase revers...Recent genome-wide association studies have identified several lung cancer susceptibility loci. We previously carried out a replication study in male Japanese smokers that focused on chromosome 5p15 (telomerase reverse transcriptase) and 3q28 (tumor protein p63) (Shimizu et al., Journal of Cancer Therapy, Vol. 2, No. 5, 2011, pp. 690-696). The current study was performed to confirm the association of traditional susceptibility loci [i.e., alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (ADH1C) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2)] in 1039 male Japanese smokers (573 lung cancer patients and 466 healthy control subjects) who were previously enrolled in a study to investigate the low odds ratio for lung cancer risk associated with functionally impaired and deletion polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6). The minor allele frequency of rs671 in ALDH2 (0.304) was significantly higher in lung cancer cases than in controls (0.226), with an odds ratio of 1.42 [95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.12 - 1.80, p = 0.0033]. No significant association of rs698 in ADH1C with lung cancer risk was found in this population of male Japanese smokers. For light smokers categorized according to the 50th percentile Brinkman index value among the control subjects (620 daily cigarettes × years) and for the CYP2A6*1 wild-type non-carrier sub-population, significantly high odds ratios of 1.98 and 1.68 (95% CI of 1.28 - 3.06, p = 0.0022, and 1.07 - 2.66, p = 0.025), respectively, were observed for rs671 in ALDH2. The present results support the association of ALDH2 loci with lung cancers and suggest a specific effect of ALDH2 loci resulting in a higher risk of lung cancer in light smokers. CYP2A6 polymorphisms, including copy number polymorphisms, may lower the risk of heavy tobacco use-related lung cancer.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND MicroRNAs(miRNAs)regulate gene expression and play a critical role in cancer physiology.However,there is still a limited understanding of the function and regulatory mechanism of miRNAs in gastric cancer(GC).AIM To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of miRNA-145-5p(miR145-5p)in the progression of GC.METHODS Real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)was used to detect miRNA expression in human GC tissues and cells.The ability of cancer cells to migrate and invade was assessed using wound-healing and transwell assays,respectively.Cell proliferation was measured using cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays,and apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry.Expression of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)-associated protein was determined by Western blot.Targets of miR-145-5p were predicated using bioinformatics analysis and verified using a dual-luciferase reporter system.Serpin family E member 1(SERPINE1)expression in GC tissues and cells was evaluated using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining.The correlation between SERPINE1 expression and overall patient survival was determined using Kaplan-Meier plot analysis.The association between SERPINE1 and GC progression was also tested.A rescue experiment of SERPINE1 overexpression was conducted to verify the relationship between this protein and miR-145-5p.The mechanism by which miR-145-5p influences GC progression was further explored by assessing tumor formation in nude mice.RESULTS GC tissues and cells had reduced miR-145-5p expression and SERPINE1 was identified as a direct target of this miRNA.Overexpression of miR-145-5p was associated with decreased GC cell proliferation,invasion,migration,and EMT,and these effects were reversed by forcing SERPINE1 expression.Kaplan-Meier plot analysis revealed that patients with higher SERPINE1 expression had a shorter survival rate than those with lower SERPINE1 expression.Nude mouse tumorigenesis experiments confirmed that miR-145-5p targets SERPINE1 to regulate extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2(ERK1/2).CONCLUSION This study found that miR-145-5p inhibits tumor progression and is expressed in lower amounts in patients with GC.MiR-145-5p was found to affect GC cell proliferation,migration,and invasion by negatively regulating SERPINE1 levels and controlling the ERK1/2 pathway.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81873112Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,No.H2020423009+2 种基金Hundred Outstanding Innovative Talents Support Program of Universities in Hebei Province,No.SLRC2019043Basic Scientific Research Project of Hebei Provincial Colleges and Universities,No.JTZ2020005Scientific and Technological Capability Improvement Project of the Hebei University of Chinese Medicine,No.KTZ2019002.
文摘BACKGROUND Metabolic reprogramming has been identified as a core hallmark of cancer.Solute carrier family 2 is a major glucose carrier family.It consists of 14 members,and we mainly study solute carrier family 2 member 1(SLC2A1)and solute carrier family 2 member 2(SLC2A2)here.SLC2A1,mainly existing in human erythrocytes,brain endothelial cells,and normal placenta,was found to be increased in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),while SLC2A2,the major transporter of the normal liver,was decreased in HCC.AIM To identify if SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were associated with immune infiltration in addition to participating in the metabolic reprogramming in HCC.METHODS The expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were tested in HepG2 cells,HepG215 cells,and multiple databases.The clinical characteristics and survival data of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were examined by multiple databases.The correlation between SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 was analyzed by multiple databases.The functions and pathways in which SLC2A1,SLC2A2,and frequently altered neighbor genes were involved were discussed in String.Immune infiltration levels and immune marker genes associated with SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were discussed from multiple databases.RESULTS The expression level of SLC2A1 was up-regulated,but the expression level of SLC2A2 was down-regulated in HepG2 cells,HepG215 cells,and liver cancer patients.The expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were related to tumor volume,grade,and stage in HCC.Interestingly,the expression levels of SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 were negatively correlated.Further,high SLC2A1 expression and low SLC2A2 expression were linked to poor overall survival and relapse-free survival.SLC2A1,SLC2A2,and frequently altered neighbor genes played a major role in the occurrence and development of tumors.Notably,SLC2A1 was positively correlated with tumor immune infiltration,while SLC2A2 was negatively correlated with tumor immune infiltration.Particularly,SLC2A2 methylation was positively correlated with lymphocytes.CONCLUSION SLC2A1 and SLC2A2 are independent therapeutic targets for HCC,and they are quintessential marker molecules for predicting and regulating the number and status of immune cells in HCC.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFC0908700,2017YFC0908703)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81772036,81671952,81873950,81873953,81570401,81571934)+4 种基金National S&T Fundamental Resources Investigation Project(2018FY100600,2018FY100602)Taishan Pandeng Scholar Program of Shandong Province(tspd20181220)Taishan Young Scholar Program of Shandong Province(tsqn20161065,tsqn201812129)Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(2018GSF118003)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(2018JC011).
文摘BACKGROUND:Disturbance of mitochondrial fi ssion and fusion(termed mitochondrial dynamics)is one of the leading causes of ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)-induced myocardial injury.Previous studies showed that mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2(ALDH2)conferred cardioprotective effect against myocardial I/R injury and suppressed I/R-induced excessive mitophagy in cardiomyocytes.However,whether ALDH2 participates in the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics during myocardial I/R injury remains unknown.METHODS:In the present study,we investigated the effect of ALDH2 on mitochondrial dynamics and the underlying mechanisms using the H9c2 cells exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)as an in vitro model of myocardial I/R injury.RESULTS:Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was significantly increased after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation(OGD/R),and ALDH2 activation largely decreased the cardiomyocyte apoptosis.Additionally,we found that both ALDH2 activation and overexpression significantly inhibited the increased mitochondrial fission after OGD/R.Furthermore,we found that ALDH2 dominantly suppressed dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1)phosphorylation(Ser616)and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)phosphorylation(Thr172)but not interfered with the expression levels of mitochondrial shaping proteins.CONCLUSIONS:We demonstrate the protective effect of ALDH2 against cardiomyocyte H/R injury with a novel mechanism on mitochondrial fission/fusion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82272321 and 81971943)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042023kf0230)the Stanley Foundation from the Stanley Medical Research Institute(SMRI),United States(No.06R-1366).
文摘Human endogenous retroviruses(HERVs)are remnants of retroviral infections in human germline cells from millions of years ago.Among these,ERVW-1(also known as HERV-W-ENV,ERVWE1,or ENVW)encodes the envelope protein of the HERV-W family,which contributes to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.Additionally,neuropathological studies have revealed cell death and disruption of iron homeostasis in the brains of individuals with schizophrenia.Here,our bioinformatics analysis showed that differentially expressed genes in the human prefrontal cortex RNA microarray dataset(GSE53987)were mainly related to ferroptosis and its associated pathways.Clinical data demonstrated significantly lower expression levels of ferroptosis-related genes,particularly Glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)and solute carrier family 3 member 2(SLC3A2),in schizophrenia patients compared to normal controls.Further in-depth analyses revealed a significant negative correlation between ERVW-1 expression and the levels of GPX4/SLC3A2 in schizophrenia.Studies indicated that ERVW-1 increased iron levels,malondialdehyde(MDA),and transferrin receptor protein 1(TFR1)expression while decreasing glutathione(GSH)levels and triggering the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential,suggesting that ERVW-1 can induce ferroptosis.Ongoing research has shown that ERVW-1 reduced the expression of GPX4 and SLC3A2 by inhibiting their promoter activities.Moreover,Ferrostatin-1(Fer-1),the ferroptosis inhibitor,reversed the iron accumulation and mitochondrial membrane potential loss,as well as restored the expressions of ferroptosis markers GSH,MDA,and TFR1 induced by ERVW-1.In conclusion,ERVW-1 could promote ferroptosis by downregulating the expression of GPX4 and SLC3A2,revealing a novel mechanism by which ERVW-1 contributes to neuronal cell death in schizophrenia.
文摘细胞色素P450(cytochrome P450,CYP450)是一类血红素氧化酶。细胞色素P450家族2亚家族R成员1(cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily R member 1,CYP2R1)是一种主要在肝组织中表达的维生素D羟化酶。目前,对于小鼠CYP2R1蛋白质的结构、物化特性和病理机制的理了解仍十分有限。本研究结合基因克隆和生物信息学分析,获得小鼠CYP2R1基因CDS序列及其生物学特征。随后,利用pcDNA3.1-CYP2R1真核表达载体,通过细胞划痕、MTT分析、real-time qPCR方法检测异源表达CYP2R1对肺癌细胞A549、胃癌细胞7901、肝癌细胞HepG2以及正常细胞HEK293T细胞的迁移、增殖和细胞周期基因表达的影响,探明其对癌细胞增殖的作用。结果显示,由C57BL/6小鼠肝组织的CYP2R1基因,序列长度1506 bp,其中,CDS 468 bp。其编码的155个氨基酸,与其他11个物种间的同源性均较高,其三级结构与人CYP2R1略有不同。构建的pcDNA3.1-CYP2R1真核表达载体,可在体外培养细胞中提高CYP2R1基因mRNA表达105倍以上,蛋白质水平提高约30倍。值得注意的是,异源表达CYP2R1在癌细胞增殖中的作用具有差异性,其中,CYP2R1通过显著降低细胞周期蛋白基因CyclinD1(P<0.05)和Caspase3(P<0.01),而抑制7901细胞的增殖。该研究结果为进一步探索CYP2R1的生物学作用,特别是在分析其对癌细胞增殖方面提供了基础研究数据,并为进一步明确CYP2R1在癌症相关治疗中的重要意义奠定了理论基础。
文摘目的观察脑膜瘤患者醛脱氢酶9家族成员A1(member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 family A1,ALDH9 A1)、乙醛脱氢酶2(aldehyde dehydrogenase,ALDH2)蛋白表达情况,并分析其临床意义。方法选取2015年8月-2017年5月在我院接受治疗的60例脑膜瘤患者为观察组,选取同期在我院接受治疗的脑外伤患者60例作为对照组,观察两组ALDH9 A1、ALDH2蛋白表达情况,比较两组血管内皮生长因子(VEGF-A)、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-9)、胰岛素样生长因子-2(IGF-Ⅱ)及其受体(IGF-ⅡR)水平的差异,分析脑膜瘤患者ALDH9 A1、ALDH2蛋白表达情况与VEGF-A、MMP-9、IGF-Ⅱ和IGF-ⅡR水平的相关性。结果观察组患者的ALDH9 A1阳性和ALDH2阳性表达率均高于对照组(χ2值=70.533、86.724,P<0.001);观察组患者的VEGF-A和MMP-9蛋白表达水平均高于对照组(t=-16.866、-15.162,P<0.001);观察组患者的IGF-Ⅱ阳性和IGF-ⅡR阳性表达率均高于对照组(χ2值=101.538、112.258,P<0.001);脑膜瘤患者的ALDH9 A1、ALDH2阳性表达率与VEGF-A、MMP-9水平和IGF-Ⅱ和IGF-ⅡR阳性表达率正相关(r=0.612、0.598、0.605、0.627、0.608、0.612、0.634、0.587,P<0.05)。结论脑膜瘤患者的ALDH9 A1、ALDH2蛋白阳性表达率较高,且与EGF-A、MMP-9水平和IGF-Ⅱ和IGF-ⅡR阳性表达率明显正相关。
文摘目的探讨人乙醛脱氢酶家族1成员A3(aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A3,ALDH1A3)在胰腺癌及正常胰腺组织中的表达情况,并研究其对胰腺癌侵袭的调控及可能的机制。方法利用癌症和肿瘤基因图谱(the Cancer Genome Atlas,TCGA)数据库中胰腺癌患者数据集、基因组织表达项目(Genotype-Tissue Expression Project,GTEx)中正常胰腺组织基因表达谱数据和肿瘤细胞系百科全书(Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia,CCLE)数据库中胰腺癌细胞系的基因表达谱矩阵,分析ALDH家族各亚型的表达情况;Transwell实验检测敲低ALDH1A3对胰腺癌细胞侵袭能力的影响;基因富集分析(gene set enrichment analysis,GSEA)探讨ALDH1A3与JAK/STAT3通路活化的关系。结果 ALDH1A3在胰腺癌组织中的表达高于正常胰腺组织;在胰腺癌细胞系中的表达高于其他ALDH亚型;下调ALDH1A3可以降低胰腺癌细胞系的侵袭能力;JAK/STAT3通路在ALDH1A3高表达胰腺癌患者中显著富集;下调ALDH1A3可抑制STAT3的磷酸化。结论 ALDH1A3参与调控胰腺癌细胞的侵袭,其机制可能与JAK/STAT3通路的活化有关。
文摘Recent genome-wide association studies have identified several lung cancer susceptibility loci. We previously carried out a replication study in male Japanese smokers that focused on chromosome 5p15 (telomerase reverse transcriptase) and 3q28 (tumor protein p63) (Shimizu et al., Journal of Cancer Therapy, Vol. 2, No. 5, 2011, pp. 690-696). The current study was performed to confirm the association of traditional susceptibility loci [i.e., alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (ADH1C) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2)] in 1039 male Japanese smokers (573 lung cancer patients and 466 healthy control subjects) who were previously enrolled in a study to investigate the low odds ratio for lung cancer risk associated with functionally impaired and deletion polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6). The minor allele frequency of rs671 in ALDH2 (0.304) was significantly higher in lung cancer cases than in controls (0.226), with an odds ratio of 1.42 [95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.12 - 1.80, p = 0.0033]. No significant association of rs698 in ADH1C with lung cancer risk was found in this population of male Japanese smokers. For light smokers categorized according to the 50th percentile Brinkman index value among the control subjects (620 daily cigarettes × years) and for the CYP2A6*1 wild-type non-carrier sub-population, significantly high odds ratios of 1.98 and 1.68 (95% CI of 1.28 - 3.06, p = 0.0022, and 1.07 - 2.66, p = 0.025), respectively, were observed for rs671 in ALDH2. The present results support the association of ALDH2 loci with lung cancers and suggest a specific effect of ALDH2 loci resulting in a higher risk of lung cancer in light smokers. CYP2A6 polymorphisms, including copy number polymorphisms, may lower the risk of heavy tobacco use-related lung cancer.
