Effects of alendronate sodium combined with InterTan on osteoporotic femoral intertrochanteric fractures and fracture recurrence

BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a global disease affecting 6.6%of the total population.Osteoporosis complications include fractures,increased bone fragility,and reduced bone strength.The most commonly affected parts are the vertebral body,hip,and wrist.AIM To examine the effect of alendronate sodium combined with InterTan for osteoporotic femoral intertrochanteric fractures on bone and fracture recurrence METHODS In total,126 cases of osteoporotic femoral intertrochanteric fractures were selected and divided into two groups according to the 1:1 principle by the simple random method.They were admitted to the Department of Orthopedics,First Affiliated Hospital of Xingtai Medical College,from January 2018 to September 2020.The control group was treated with InterTan fixation combined with placebo,and the observation group with alendronate sodium based on InterTan fixation.Operation-related indicators,complications,and recurrent fractures were compared between the groups.Changes in bone metabolism markers,t value for hip bone mineral density,and Harris Hip Score were observed.RESULTS Operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative ambulation time,and complications were compared between the groups,and no significant difference was found.The fracture healing time was significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group.β-Collagen-specific sequence(β-CTX)and total aminoterminal propeptide of type I procollagen(T-PINP)in the control group at 3 mo after operation were compared with those before operation,and the difference was not significant.Six months after the operation,theβ-CTX level decreased and T-PINP level increased.β-CTX level at 3 and 6 mo in the observation group after operation was lower,and TPINP level was higher,than that before operation.Compared with the control group,T-PINP level of the observation group was significantly higher andβ-CTX level was significantly lower at 3 and 6 mo after operation.The t value of hip bone mineral density was compared in the control group before and 1 mo after operation,and significant difference was not found.Compared with the control group,the t value of hip bone mineral density in the observation group was significantly higher at 1,3,6,and 12 mo after operation.Compared with the control group,the Harris score of the observation group was significantly higher at 1,3,6,and 12 mo after operation.The recurrence rate of fractures in the observation group within 12 mo was 0.00%,which was significantly lower than 6.35%in the control group.CONCLUSION Alendronate sodium combined with InterTan in the treatment of osteoporotic femoral intertrochanteric fractures can increase bone mineral density,improve hip joint function,promote fracture healing,and reduce fracture recurrence.

Comparison of Strontium Ranelate and Alendronate Sodium Treatment among Post-Menopausal Women

Growing rates of osteoporosis in the whole world is a serious health problem. As the “expected lifetime” is prolonged, population of elderly women with chronic diseases who require long-term treatment increases. This study aimed to compare antiresorptive treatment—that has become a classic treatment in the light of Canadian Guideline for osteoporosis—with the antiresorptive plus osteoblastic activity inducing treatment modality. The clinical and laboratory results of patients treated with a single dose of 2 mg Strontium ranelate sachet (Protelos &reg) or alendronate sodium used weekly 70 mg tablet (Fosamax &reg once a week tablet) for 12-months were compared. Treatment compliance has been questioned. A hundred women in post-menopausal period were included in this study. Patient satisfaction survey among the group of strontium ranelate was unsatisfactory. Among patients using alendronate sodium the ease of use in this sense obtained a rate of 91% satisfaction from patients.

H_(2)O_(2) actuated molybdenum oxide nanodots:Multi-enzyme-like activities,leverage of Fenton reaction,and dual-mode sensitive detection of alendronate sodium

Unexpected benefits to the catalytic performance of materials often originate from the presence of surface defects.Here,novel Dpenicillamine modified molybdenum oxide nanodots,with abundant oxygen vacancy defects,were fabrication by a mild,simple,and cost-effective method.Ultraviolet–visible(UV–Vis)absorption spectra analysis showed that the nanodots had peroxidaselike and catalase-like activities.The reactive oxygen species were probed by electronic paramagnetic resonance technique and spectroscopic methods,demonstrating that the nanodots also had oxidase-like activity.Interestingly,the peroxidase-like activity of nanodots was synergistically enhanced in the presence of ferrous ions or ferric ions.Remarkably,less than nanomolar levels of ferrous ions were required to display this phenomenon,meaning Fenton reagent acted as leverage.Based on this,a sensitive colorimetric and fluorescent dual-mode sensor for alendronate sodium was developed.The linear ranges for colorimetric and fluorescence analysis were 0.2–2.5 and 0.2–2.0μM,with detection limits of 31.21 and 71.84 nM,correspondingly.The method has a simple large-scale material preparation process with higher sensitivity and shorter reaction time,which can inspire and enlighten the design of nanozyme sensors.

Effects of alendronate on bone mass and organ pathology in ovariectomized mice

Objective:To investigate the effect of alendronate on bone mass and organ pathology of ovariectomized mice.Methods:Thirty SPF grade C57 female mice were randomly divided into three groups(n=10):Sham operation group(Sham),ovariectomized group(OVX)and ovariectomized+alendronate group(ALN).The sodium alendronate was injected subcutaneously at 400μg/kg twice a week in the ALN group.The equal volume of normal saline was injected subcutaneously twice a week in the SHAM group and OVX group.After 12 weeks of drug administration,the samples were taken.The organ coefficients,main organ pathological sections,and bone histopathological sections were observed,and the micro CT,L4 biomechanics and serum biochemical indicators were analyzed.Results:The uterine coefficient of Sham group was(0.0054±0.0007)significantly higher than that of OVX group(0.0026±0.0009)and ALN group(0.0025±0.0007),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).No obvious lesions or toxic or side effects were observed in the main organs.Compared with the OVX group,the ALN group with decalcified sections of bone tissue had compact trabecular structure and fewer adipocytes.Micro-CT results showed that the Tb.BMD,Tb.N,Tb.Th and Tb.BV/TV values of the ALN group were significantly increased compared with those of the OVX group,but the Tb.Sp value was significantly decreased,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).In L4 vertebral body biomechanics,the elastic modulus(50.29±13.43)and maximum load number(29.83±4.92)of ALN group were significantly higher than those of OVX group(14.77±3.12)and maximum load number(11.57±3.18),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the OVX group,the serum OCN and PINP indicators of bone formation in the ALN group were increased,while the bone resorption indicators TRACP-5b and CTX-I were decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion:Alendronate sodium improves bone quality by increasing bone density,improving bone microstructure,increasing bone strength,promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption,without obvious toxic and side effects on organs.

Sodium alendronate loaded poly(L-lactideco-glycolide)microparticles immobilized on ceramic scaffolds for local treatment of bone defects

Bone tissue regeneration in critical-size defects is possible after implantation of a 3D scaffold and can be additionally enhanced once the scaffold is enriched with drugs or other factors supporting bone remodelling and healing.Sodium alendronate(Aln),a widely used anti-osteoporosis drug,exhibits strong inhibitory effect on bone resorption performed by osteoclasts.Thus,we propose a new approach for the treatment of bone defects in craniofacial region combining biocompatible titanium dioxide scaffolds and poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)microparticles(MPs)loaded with Aln.The MPs were effectively attached to the surface of the scaffolds’pore walls by human recombinant collagen.Drug release from the scaffolds was characterized by initial burst(2466% of the drug released within first 24 h)followed by a sustained release phase(on average 5 mg of Aln released per day from Day 3 to Day 18).In vitro tests evidenced that Aln at concentrations of 5 and 2.5 mg/ml was not cytotoxic for MG-63 osteoblast-like cells(viability between 8166% and 9863% of control),but it prevented RANKL-induced formation of osteoclast-like cells from macrophages derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells,as shown by reduced fusion capability and decreased tartrateresistant acid phosphatase 5b activity(5665% reduction in comparison to control after 8 days of culture).Results show that it is feasible to design the scaffolds providing required doses of Aln inhibiting osteoclastogenesis,reducing osteoclast activity,but not affecting osteoblast functions,which may be beneficial in the treatment of critical-size bone tissue defects.

Sodium alendronate loaded poly(L-lactideco-glycolide)microparticles immobilized on ceramic scaffolds for local treatment of bone defects

Bone tissue regeneration in critical-size defects is possible after implantation of a 3D scaffold and can be additionally enhanced once the scaffold is enriched with drugs or other factors supporting bone remodelling and healing.Sodium alendronate(Aln),a widely used anti-osteoporosis drug,exhibits strong inhibitory effect on bone resorption performed by osteoclasts.Thus,we propose a new approach for the treatment of bone defects in craniofacial region combining biocompatible titanium dioxide scaffolds and poly(L-lactide-co-glycolide)microparticles(MPs)loaded with Aln.The MPs were effectively attached to the surface of the scaffolds’pore walls by human recombinant collagen.Drug release from the scaffolds was characterized by initial burst(2466%of the drug released within first 24 h)followed by a sustained release phase(on average 5 mg of Aln released per day from Day 3 to Day 18).In vitro tests evidenced that Aln at concentrations of 5 and 2.5 mg/ml was not cytotoxic for MG-63 osteoblast-like cells(viability between 8166%and 9863%of control),but it prevented RANKL-induced formation of osteoclast-like cells from macrophages derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells,as shown by reduced fusion capability and decreased tartrateresistant acid phosphatase 5b activity(5665%reduction in comparison to control after 8 days of culture).Results show that it is feasible to design the scaffolds providing required doses of Aln inhibiting osteoclastogenesis,reducing osteoclast activity,but not affecting osteoblast functions,which may be beneficial in the treatment of critical-size bone tissue defects.

The Release Behavior,Biocompatibility and Physical Properties of Aid-loaded Strontium Doped Calcium Phosphate Cement

The effect of concurrent attendance of two inhibitors of bone degradation,namely Alendronate(Aid)sodium trihydrate and Strontium(Sr),on Calcium Phosphate Cement(CPC)characteristics was explored.To this aim,5 wt%Strontium and 21 mM Alendronate sodium trihydrate were used in calcium phosphate cement and setting time,ion and drug release were analyzed.RAW264.7 and G cell were cultured on cement samples and Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase(TRAP),Alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity and MTT assay were studied.The results of structural analysis indicated that 21 mM Aid did not let the cement set.Therefore,colloidal silica was added to the cement formula and successfully decreased the setting time.In vitro tests showed Sr-loaded sample had a greater inhibitory effect on biocompatibility of G cells than Aid-loaded and Sr-Ald-loaded samples.In addition,the findings about osteoblast MTT and ALP activity indicated that Sr was more effective in osteogenic activity of G cells.The simultaneous presence of Aid and Sr in Calcium Phosphate Cement(CPC)was not as effective in its biocompatibility as the presence of Sr alone.