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Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis of Environmentally and Developmentally Regulated Gene Expression in Alfalfa 被引量:2
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作者 Yves Castonguay Josée Michaud Marie-Pier Dubé 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2015年第1期132-143,共12页
Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a highly sensitive technique that has become the standard for the analysis of differences in gene expression in response to experimental treatments or among genetic ... Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a highly sensitive technique that has become the standard for the analysis of differences in gene expression in response to experimental treatments or among genetic sources. The accuracy of the RT-qPCR results can be significantly affected by uncontrolled sources of variation that can be accounted for normalization with so-called reference genes stably expressed under various conditions. In this study we assessed the stability of 21 reference gene candidates in crowns of two alfalfa cultivars (Apica and Evolution) exposed to various environmental conditions (cold, water stress and photoperiod) and from above ground biomass of the cultivar Orca sampled at three developmental stages (vegetative, full bloom and mature pods). Candidates were selected based on their previous identification in other plant species or their stable expression in a differential hybridization of alfalfa ESTs with cDNA from non-acclimated and cold-acclimated alfalfa. Genes encoding ubiquitin protein ligase 2a (UBL-2a), actin depolymerizing factor (ADF) and retention in endoplasmic reticulum 1 protein (Rer1) were the most stable across experimental conditions. Conversely β-actin (Act), α-tubulin (Tub) and glyce-raldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) frequently used as “housekeeping genes” in gene expression studies showed poor stability. No more than two reference genes were required to normalize the gene expression data under each condition. Normalization of the expression of genes of interest with unstable reference genes led to observations that were conflicting with those made with validated reference genes and that were in some cases inconsistent with the current knowledge of the trait. The reference genes identified in this study are strong candidates for normalization of gene expression in cultivated alfalfa. 展开更多
关键词 ABIOTIC Stress alfalfa RT-QPCR COLD ACCLIMATION development Reference GENES
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Development of a single transcript CRISPR/Cas9 toolkit for efficient genome editing in autotetraploid alfalfa
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作者 Haixia Zhao Siyi Zhao +12 位作者 Yingping Cao Xiping Jiang Lijuan Zhao Zhimeng Li Mengqi Wang Ruijuan Yang Chuanen Zhou Zhaoming Wang Feng Yuan Dongmei Ma Hao Lin Wenwen Liu Chunxiang Fu 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期788-795,共8页
Alfalfa(Medicago sativa.L.)is a globally significant autotetraploid legume forage crop.However,despite its importance,establishing efficient gene editing systems for cultivated alfalfa remains a formidable challenge.I... Alfalfa(Medicago sativa.L.)is a globally significant autotetraploid legume forage crop.However,despite its importance,establishing efficient gene editing systems for cultivated alfalfa remains a formidable challenge.In this study,we pioneered the development of a highly effective ultrasonic-assisted leaf disc transformation system for Gongnong 1 alfalfa,a variety widely cultivated in Northeast China.Subsequently,we created a single transcript CRISPR/Cas9(CRISPR_2.0)toolkit,incorporating multiplex gRNAs,designed for gene editing in Gongnong 1.Both Cas9 and gRNA scaffolds were under the control of the Arabidopsis ubiquitin-10 promoter,a widely employed polymeraseⅡconstitutive promoter known for strong transgene expression in dicots.To assess the toolkit’s efficiency,we targeted PALM1,a gene associated with a recognizable multifoliate phenotype.Utilizing the CRISPR_2.0 toolkit,we directed PALM1 editing at two sites in the wild-type Gongnong 1.Results indicated a 35.1%occurrence of editing events all in target 2 alleles,while no mutations were detected at target 1 in the transgenic-positive lines.To explore more efficient sgRNAs,we developed a rapid,reliable screening system based on Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated hairy root transformation,incorporating the visible reporter MtLAP1.This screening system demonstrated that most purple visible hairy roots underwent gene editing.Notably,sgRNA3,with an 83.0%editing efficiency,was selected using the visible hairy root system.As anticipated,tetra-allelic homozygous palm1 mutations exhibited a clear multifoliate phenotype.These palm1 lines demonstrated an average crude protein yield increase of 21.5%compared to trifoliolate alfalfa.Our findings highlight the modified CRISPR_2.0 system as a highly efficient and robust gene editing tool for autotetraploid alfalfa. 展开更多
关键词 alfalfa Gene editing CRISPR_2.0 toolkit Hairy root system Tetra-allelic homozygous mutants
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The glutamate receptor gene GLR3.3:A bridge of calciummediated root development in poplar
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作者 Yi An Ya Geng +5 位作者 Yu Liu Xiao Han Lichao Huang Wei Zeng Jin Zhang Mengzhu Lu 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第6期1449-1462,共14页
Poplar is one of the fastest-growing temperate trees in the world and is widely used in ornamental horticulture for shade.The root is essential for tree growth and development and its utilization potential is huge.Cal... Poplar is one of the fastest-growing temperate trees in the world and is widely used in ornamental horticulture for shade.The root is essential for tree growth and development and its utilization potential is huge.Calcium(Ca),as a signaling molecule,is involved in the regulation of plant root development.However,the detailed underlying regulatory mechanism is elusive.In this study,we analyzed the morphological and transcriptomic variations of 84K poplar(Populus alba×P.glandulosa)in response to different calcium concentrations and found that low Ca^(2+)(1 mmol·L^(-1))promoted lateral root development,while deficiency(0.1 mmol·L^(-1)Ca^(2+))inhibited lateral root development.Co-expression analysis showed that Ca^(2+)channel glutamate receptors(GLRs)were present in various modules with significance for root development.Two GLR paralogous genes,PagGLR3.3a and Pag GLR3.3b,were mainly expressed in roots and up-regulated under Ca^(2+)deficiency.The CRISPR/Cas9-mediated signal gene(crispr-PagGLR3.3a,PagGLR3.3b)and double gene(crispr-PagGLR3.3ab)mutants presented more and longer lateral roots.Anatomical analysis showed that crispr-PagGLR3.3ab plants had more xylem cells and promoted the development of secondary vascular tissues.Further transcriptomic analysis suggested that knockout of PagGLR3.3a and PagGLR3.3b led to the up-regulation of several genes related to protein phosphorylation,auxin efflux,lignin and hemicellulose biosynthesis as well as transcriptional regulation,which might contribute to lateral root growth.This study not only provides novel insight into how the Ca^(2+)channels mediated root growth and development in trees,but also provides a directive breeding of new poplar species for biofuel and bioenergy production. 展开更多
关键词 Glutamate receptor CALCIUM root development Lateral root POPLAR
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Overexpression of the peroxidase gene ZmPRX1 increases maize seedling drought tolerance by promoting root development and lignification
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作者 Xiuzhen Zhai Xiaocui Yan +6 位作者 Tinashe Zenda Nan Wang Anyi Dong Qian Yang Yuan Zhong Yue Xing Huijun Duan 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第3期753-765,共13页
Drought is a main abiotic stress factor hindering plant growth,development,and crop productivity.Therefore,it is crucial to understand the mechanisms by which plants cope with drought stress.Here,the function of the m... Drought is a main abiotic stress factor hindering plant growth,development,and crop productivity.Therefore,it is crucial to understand the mechanisms by which plants cope with drought stress.Here,the function of the maize peroxidase gene ZmPRX1 in drought stress tolerance was investigated by measurement of its expression in response to drought treatment both in a ZmPRX1 overexpression line and a mutant line.The higher root lignin accumulation and seedling survival rate of the overexpression line than that of the wild type or mutant support a role for ZmPRX1 in maize drought tolerance by regulating root development and lignification.Additionally,yeast one-hybrid,Dule luciferase and ChIP-qPCR assays showed that ZmPRX1 is negatively regulated by a nuclear-localized ZmWRKY86 transcription factor.The gene could potentially be used for breeding of drought-tolerant cultivars. 展开更多
关键词 Drought tolerance MAIZE ZmPRX1 root development Lignin biosynthesis
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Variation Characteristics of Root Traits of Different Alfalfa Cultivars under Saline-Alkaline Stress and their Relationship with Soil Environmental Factors
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作者 Tian-Jiao Wei Guang Li +6 位作者 Yan-Ru Cui Jiao Xie Xing-Ai Gao Xing Teng Xin-Ying Zhao Fa-Chun Guan Zheng-Wei Liang 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第1期29-43,共15页
Soil salinization is the main factor that threatens the growth and development of plants and limits the increase of yield.It is of great significance to study the key soil environmental factors affecting plant root tr... Soil salinization is the main factor that threatens the growth and development of plants and limits the increase of yield.It is of great significance to study the key soil environmental factors affecting plant root traits to reveal the adaptation strategies of plants to saline-alkaline-stressed soil environments.In this study,the root biomass,root morphological parameters and root mineral nutrient content of two alfalfa cultivars with different sensitivities to alkaline stress were analyzed with black soil as the control group and the mixed saline-alkaline soil with a ratio of 7:3 between black soil and saline-alkaline soil as the saline-alkaline treatment group.At the same time,the correlation analysis of soil salinity indexes,soil nutrient indexes and the activities of key enzymes involved in soil carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus cycles was carried out.The results showed that compared with the control group,the pH,EC,and urease(URE)of the soil surrounding the roots of two alfalfa cultivars were significantly increased,while soil total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP),organic carbon(SOC),andα-glucosidase activity(AGC)were significantly decreased under saline-alkaline stress.There was no significant difference in root biomass and root morphological parameters of saline-alkaline tolerant cultivar GN under saline-alkaline stress.The number of root tips(RT),root surface area(RS)and root volume(RV)of AG were reduced by 61.16%,44.54%,and 45.31%,respectively,compared with control group.The ratios of K^(+)/Na^(+),Ca^(2+)/Na^(+)and Mg^(2+)/Na^(+)of GN were significantly higher than those of AG(p<0.05).The root fresh weight(RFW)and dry weight(RDW),root length(RL),RV and RT of alfalfa were positively regulated by soil SOC and TN,but negatively regulated by soil pH,EC,and URE(p<0.01).Root Ca^(2+)/Na+ratio was significantly positively correlated with soil TN,TP and SOC(p<0.01).The absorption of Mg and Ca ions in roots is significantly negatively regulated by soilβ-glucosidase activity(BGC)and acid phosphatase activity(APC)(p<0.05).This study improved knowledge of the relationship between root traits and soil environmental factors and offered a theoretical framework for elucidating how plant roots adapt to saline-alkaline stressed soil environments. 展开更多
关键词 Saline-alkaline stress alfalfa root traits soil environmental factors correlation analysis
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Molecular regulatory mechanism of tooth root development 被引量:12
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作者 Xiao-Feng Huang Yang Chai 《International Journal of Oral Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第4期177-181,共5页
The root is crucial for the physiological function of the tooth, and a healthy root allows an artificial crown to function as required clinically. Tooth crown development has been studied intensively during the last f... The root is crucial for the physiological function of the tooth, and a healthy root allows an artificial crown to function as required clinically. Tooth crown development has been studied intensively during the last few decades, but root development remains not well understood. Here we review the root development processes, including cell fate determination, induction of odontoblast and cementoblast differentiation, interaction of root epithelium and mesenchyme, and other molecular mechanisms. This review summarizes our current understanding of the signaling cascades and mechanisms involved in root development. It also sets the stage for de novo tooth regeneration. 展开更多
关键词 Hertwig's epithelial root sheath PERIODONTIUM root development tooth development
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Separation and Screening of Biocontrol Actinomyces against Alfalfa Root Rot
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作者 王兰英 徐林波 +1 位作者 何勇 乌兰巴特尔 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 CAS 2010年第2期10-12,37,共4页
[Objective] Actinomycetes with high antagonistic effects on alfalfa root rot pathogen was isolated from 10 soil samples in Chifeng Inner Mongolia. [Method] 91 actinomyces were separated from 10 soil samples in Chifeng... [Objective] Actinomycetes with high antagonistic effects on alfalfa root rot pathogen was isolated from 10 soil samples in Chifeng Inner Mongolia. [Method] 91 actinomyces were separated from 10 soil samples in Chifeng Inner Mongolia by gradient dilution separation method. In duel culture tests, all isolates were tested for their antagonism by using 3 strains including Fusarium solani, F. oxysoporum, F. avenaceum of alfalfa root rot pathogenic bacteria as indicator strains. [Result] 5 strains with strong antagonistic effect on tested alfalfa root rot pathogen were obtained from No.1, No.4, No.6 and No.7 soil samples which were numbered 1-3-6, 4-4-2, 6-2-27 and 7-2-13 respectively, accounted for 5.50% in separated strains. [Conclusion] This study laid certain foundation for biological control of alfalfa root rot disease. 展开更多
关键词 ACTINOMYCES Antagonistic effect alfalfa root rot
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Effect of Polar Auxin Transport on Rice Root Development 被引量:4
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作者 周大喜 殷珂 +1 位作者 许智宏 薛红卫 《Acta Botanica Sinica》 CSCD 2003年第12期1421-1427,共7页
Polar auxin transport (PAT) is critical in plant growth and development, especially polar differentiation and pattern formation. Lots of studies have been performed in dicots while relative less in monocots. Using two... Polar auxin transport (PAT) is critical in plant growth and development, especially polar differentiation and pattern formation. Lots of studies have been performed in dicots while relative less in monocots. Using two kinds of PAT inhibitors, 2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) and 9-hydroxyfluorene-9-carboxylic acid (HFCA), it was shown that PAT is important for rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Zhonghua 11) root development, including elongation of the primary roots, initiation and elongation of lateral roots, and formation of adventitious roots. Inhibition of PAT resulted in the shortened primary roots, less and shortened lateral and adventitious roots. Exogenously supplemented NAA can partially rescue the formation of adventitious roots but not lateral roots, while low concentration of NAA (0.1 mumol/L) could not rescue either of them, suggesting the possible different mechanisms of lateral and adventitious root initiations. Treatment of 30 mumol/L TIBA did not completely inhibit the initiation of lateral roots, and survival capacities of which were demonstrated through cross section experiments revealing the presence of primordial of lateral roots at different stages. Further studies through localized application of PAT inhibitors indicated that auxin flow, transported from coleoptiles to the base, is not only responsible for the auxin contents in stem nodes but also critical for initiation and elongation of adventitious roots. 展开更多
关键词 polar auxin transport (PAT) rice (Oryza sativa) root development adventitious root
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A global alfalfa diversity panel reveals genomic selection signatures in Chinese varieties and genomic associations with root development 被引量:6
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作者 Lin Chen Fei He +5 位作者 Ruicai Long Fan Zhang Mingna Li Zhen Wang Junmei Kang Qingchuan Yang 《Journal of Integrative Plant Biology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第11期1937-1951,共15页
Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage crop worldwide. However, little is known about the effects of breeding status and different geographical populations on alfalfa improvement. Here, we sequenced 220 al... Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) is an important forage crop worldwide. However, little is known about the effects of breeding status and different geographical populations on alfalfa improvement. Here, we sequenced 220 alfalfa core germplasms and determined that Chinese alfalfa cultivars form an independent group, as evidenced by comparisons of FSTvalues between different subgroups, suggesting that geographical origin plays an important role in group differentiation. By tracing the influence of geographical regions on the genetic diversity of alfalfa varieties in China, we identified 350 common candidate genetic regions and 548 genes under selection. We also defined 165 loci associated with 24 important traits from genome-wide association studies. Of those, 17 genomic regions closely associated with a given phenotype were under selection, with the underlying haplotypes showing significant differences between subgroups of distinct geographical origins. Based on results from expression analysis and association mapping,we propose that 6-phosphogluconolactonase(MsPGL) and a gene encoding a protein with NHL domains(MsNHL) are critical candidate genes for root growth. In conclusion, our results provide valuable information for alfalfa improvement via molecular breeding. 展开更多
关键词 alfalfa genome-wide association studies genomic selection geographical origin population structure root development
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Bone morphogenetic protein-2 gene controls tooth root development in coordination with formation of the periodontium 被引量:15
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作者 Audrey Rakian Wu-Chen Yang +6 位作者 Jelica Gluhak-Heinrich Yong Cui Marie A Harris Demitri Villarreal Jerry Q Feng Mary MacDougall Stephen E Harris 《International Journal of Oral Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第2期75-84,共10页
Formation of the periodontium begins following onset of tooth-root formation in a coordinated manner after birth. Dental follicle progenitor cells are thought to form the cementum, alveolar bone and Sharpey's fibers ... Formation of the periodontium begins following onset of tooth-root formation in a coordinated manner after birth. Dental follicle progenitor cells are thought to form the cementum, alveolar bone and Sharpey's fibers of the periodontal ligament (PDL). However, little is known about the regulatory morphogens that control differentiation and function of these progenitor cells, as well as the progenitor cells involved in crown and root formation. We investigated the role of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (Bmp2) in these processes by the conditional removal of the Bmp2 gene using the Sp7-Cre-EGFP mouse model. Sp7-Cre-EGFP first becomes active at E18 in the first molar, with robust Cre activity at postnatal day 0 (PO), followed by Cre activity in the second molar, which occurs after P0. There is robust Cre activity in the periodontium and third molars by 2 weeks of age. When the Bmp2gene is removed from Sp7+ (Osterix+) cells, major defects are noted in root, cellular cementum and periodontium formation. First, there are major cell autonomous defects in root-odontoblast terminal differentiation. Second, there are major alterations in formation of the PDLs and cellular cementum, correlated with decreased nuclear factor IC (Nfic), periostin and α-SMA+ cells. Third, there is a failure to produce vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in the periodontium and the pulp leading to decreased formation of the microvascular and associated candidate stem cells in the Bmp2-cKOsp7-cre'EGFe. Fourth, ameloblast function and enamel formation are indirectly altered in the Bmp2-cKOsp7-cre'EGFe. These data demonstrate that the Bmp2 gene has complex roles in postnatal tooth development and periodontium formation. 展开更多
关键词 Bmp2 gene CEMENTUM DENTINOGENESIS periodontium development root formation
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Proteome analysis of alfalfa roots in response to water deficit stress 被引量:6
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作者 Rahman Md Atikur Kim Yong-Goo +4 位作者 Alam Iftekhar LIU Gong-she Lee Hyoshin Lee Jeung Joo Lee Byung-Hyun 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第6期1275-1285,共11页
To evaluate the response of alfalfa to water deficit (WD) stress, WD-induced candidates were investigated through a proteomic approach. Alfalfa seedlings were exposed to WD stress for 12 and 15 days respectively, fo... To evaluate the response of alfalfa to water deficit (WD) stress, WD-induced candidates were investigated through a proteomic approach. Alfalfa seedlings were exposed to WD stress for 12 and 15 days respectively, followed by 3 days re-watering. Water deficit increased H202 content, lipid peroxidation, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)-radical scavenging activity, and the free proline level in alfalfa roots. Root proteins were extracted and separated by two-dimentional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE). A total of 49 WD-responsive proteins were identified in alfalfa roots; 25 proteins were reproducibly found to be up-regulated and 24 were down-regulated. Two proteins, namely cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (APx2) and putative F-box protein were newly detected on 2-DE maps of WD-treated plants. We identified several proteins including agamous-like 65, albumin b-32, inward rectifying potassium channel, and auxin-independent growth promoter. The identified proteins are involved in a variety of cellular functions including calcium signaling, abacisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation, transcription/translation, antioxidant/detoxification/stress defense, energy metabolism, signal transduction, and storage. These results indicate the potential candidates were responsible for adaptive response in alfalfa roots. 展开更多
关键词 alfalfa PROTEOME root water deficit stress
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Characteristics of Endogenous Hormone Variations in the Roots of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Cultivars of Different Fall Dormancies During Spring Regrowth Stage 被引量:5
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作者 HAN Qing-fang MENG Hai-tao +3 位作者 JIA Zhi-kuan XU Ling-fei WU Feng-ping DING Rui-xia 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2011年第7期1032-1040,共9页
Regrowth traits of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in spring are closely related to its fall dormancy before winter. In order to determine the relationship between fall dormancy (FD) grade and hormone variation patte... Regrowth traits of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in spring are closely related to its fall dormancy before winter. In order to determine the relationship between fall dormancy (FD) grade and hormone variation pattern and provide academic references for the variety improvement and production of alfalfa, the variations of gibberellins (GA3), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA) in alfalfa roots during regrowth period in spring were examined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The study involved seven alfalfa cultivars that belonged to four fall dormant grades, i.e., 2, 4, 6, and 8. The results showed that the differences in spring regrowth among the alfalfa cultivars were partially associated with their root hormone levels. The alfalfa cultivars that belonged to the same dormancy grades presented similar variation trends in endogenous hormone content in their roots during the spring regrowth stage. At the early regrowth stage, cultivars with a higher dormant grade had a higher GA3 concent and a lower ABA content in their roots than the cultivars with a lower dormant grade; and IAA content in roots of non- and semi-fall dormancy cultivars was higher than that of fall dormancy cultivars. During the whole period of spring regrowth, the root ABA content of fall dormancy alfalfa cultivar is significantly higher than those of semi- and non-fall dormancy cultivars. GA3 contents in the roots of all cultivars under study showed a double-peak dynamic curve; root IAA contents of the studied cultivars presented a downward trend. But the trend did not significantly differed among the different fall dormant cultivars. The higher GA3 content and lower ABA content in root of non-fall dormancy alfalfa lead to its earlier regrowth. Regrowth time and rate of alfalfa can be regulated by exogenous GA3 or ABA at the early regrowth stage to meet producing requirement. 展开更多
关键词 alfalfa root endogenous hormone fall dormancy grade regrowth
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Nitrogen acquisition,fixation and transfer in maize/alfalfa intercrops are increased through root contact and morphological responses to interspecies competition 被引量:8
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作者 SHAO Ze-qiang ZHENG Cong-cong +4 位作者 Johannes APOSTMA LU Wen-long GAO Qiang GAO Ying-zhi ZHANG Jin-jing 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第8期2240-2254,共15页
Nitrogen(N)fixation by legumes and nitrogen transfer to cereals have been considered as important pathways for overyielding and higher N use efficiency in cereal/legume intercropping systems.However,the extent to whic... Nitrogen(N)fixation by legumes and nitrogen transfer to cereals have been considered as important pathways for overyielding and higher N use efficiency in cereal/legume intercropping systems.However,the extent to which root morphology contributes to N fixation and transfer is unclear.A two-factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted to quantify the N fixation,transfer and root morphology characteristics of the maize/alfalfa intercropping system in two consecutive years using the 15N-urea leaf labeling method,and combining two N levels with three root separation techniques.N application could inhibit N fixation and transfer in a maize/alfalfa intercropping system.Irrespective of the N application level,compared with plastic sheet separation(PSS),no separation(NS)and nylon mesh separation(NNS)significantly increased the total biomass(36%)and total N content(28%),while the N fixation rate also sharply increased by 75 to 134%,and the amount of N transferred with no root barrier was 1.24–1.42 times greater than that with a mesh barrier.Redundancy analysis(RDA)showed that the crown root dry weight(CRDW)of maize and lateral root number(LRN)of alfalfa showed the strongest associations with N fixation and transfer.Our results highlight the importance of root contact for the enhancement of N fixation and transfer via changes in root morphology in maize/alfalfa intercropping systems,and the overyielding system was achieved via increases in maize growth,at the cost of smaller decreases in alfalfa biomass production. 展开更多
关键词 maize/alfalfa intercropping nitrogen fixation and transfer root morphology nitrogen utilization
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Plant growth and their root development after inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in coal mine subsided areas 被引量:19
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作者 Yinli Bi Yanxu Zhang Hui Zou 《International Journal of Coal Science & Technology》 EI 2018年第1期47-53,共7页
Coal mining often cause serious land degradation, soil erosion, and desertification affecting growth of the local vegetation, especially the roots. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation is considered a pote... Coal mining often cause serious land degradation, soil erosion, and desertification affecting growth of the local vegetation, especially the roots. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation is considered a potential biotechnological tool for mined soil remediation because mycorrhizal fungi could improve plant growth environment, especially under adverse conditions due to their good symbiosis. A field experiment was conducted to study the ecological effects of AMF (Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices) on the growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall. and their root development in the regenerated mining subsidence sandy land. The reclamation experiment included four treatments: inoculation of Funneliformis mosseae (F.m), inoculation of Rhizophagus intraradices (R.i), combined inoculation of F.m and R.i and non-inoculated treatment. Root mycorrhizal colonization, plant height, crown width, soil moisture, root morphology and certain soil properties were assessed. The results showed that AMF improved the shoot and root growth of Amygdalus pedunculata Pall., and significantly increased root colonization after 1 year of inoculation. Available phosphorus content, activities of phosphatase as well as electrical conductivity in soil rhizosphere of all the three inoculation treatments were higher than that of the non-inoculated treatment. AMF increased the quantity of bacteria and fungi in soil rhizosphere compared with the non-inoculated treatment. Our study indicates that revegetation with AMF inoculum could influence plant growth and root development as well as soil properties, suggesting that AMF inoculation can be effective method for further ecological restoration in coal mine subsided areas. 展开更多
关键词 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Plant growth root development Soil remediation Amygdalus pedunculata Pall
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Pseudomonas sp.TK35-L enhances tobacco root development and growth by inducing HRGPnt3 expression in plant lateral root formation 被引量:3
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作者 CAO Yuan-yuan NI Hai-ting +6 位作者 LI Ting LAY Khien-duc LIU Dai-song U Kang-miao TANG Xin-yun WANG Xiao-bo QIU Li-juan 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2020年第10期2549-2560,共12页
Rhizosphere colonization is a key requirement for the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)as a bioferilizer.Signaling molecules are often exchanged between PGPR and plants,and genes in plants may ... Rhizosphere colonization is a key requirement for the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)as a bioferilizer.Signaling molecules are often exchanged between PGPR and plants,and genes in plants may respond to the action of PGPR.Here,the luciferase luxAB gene was electrotransformed into Pseudomonas sp.strain TK35,a PGPR with an afinity for tobacco,and the labelled TK35(TK35-L)was used to monitor colonization dynamics in the tobacco rhizosphere and evaluate the effects of colonization on tobacco growth and root development.The transcript levels of the hydroxyproline rich glycoprotein HRGPnt3 gene,a lateral root induction indicator,in tobacco roots were examined by qPCR.The results showed that TK35-L could survive for long periods in the tobacco rhizosphere and colonize new spaces in the tobacco rhizosphere following tobacco root extension,exhibiting significant increases in root development,seedling growth and potassium accumulation in tobacco plants.The upregulation of HRGPnt3 transcription in the inoculated tobacco suggested that TK35-L can promote tobacco root development by upregulating the transcript levels of the HRGPnt3 gene,which promotes tobacco seedling growth.These findings lay a foundation for future studies on the molecular mechanism underlying the plant growth-promoting activities of PGPR.Futhermore,this work provided an ideal potential strain for biofertilizer production. 展开更多
关键词 Pseudomonas sp.TK35-L rhizosphere colonization TOBACCO growth promotion root development HRGPnt3
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Correlation between Root Trait and Yield of Alfalfa
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作者 Zhao Yan 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2017年第1期60-63,共4页
Growth traits of root system of 13 autumn-sowing alfalfa cultivars were analyzed. The results indicated that there were significant difference in growth pa- rameters of root system among alfalfa cultivars ( P 〈 0.05... Growth traits of root system of 13 autumn-sowing alfalfa cultivars were analyzed. The results indicated that there were significant difference in growth pa- rameters of root system among alfalfa cultivars ( P 〈 0.05 ). The cultivars, Prime and WI323, showed the highest root biomass ( higher than 32 g) ; cuhivar WI323 had the largest lateral root number (17.8 branches). Cultivars Prime, WI323, Super7 and L90 had better root traits than other cultivars based on comprehensive evaluation. Among three times of mowing within a year, root growth and development of alfalfa had mutual promotion with the first and second time growth of abovegraund part, but had competition with the third time growth. Overwintering alfalfa root restricted the grass yield in the following year, especially the third-cut yield in the next year. 展开更多
关键词 alfalfa root trait YIELD CORRELATION
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Effects of stress-induced ABA on root architecture development:Positive and negative actions
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作者 Zhenning Teng Jiahan Lyu +2 位作者 Yinke Chen Jianhua Zhang Nenghui Ye 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第4期1072-1079,共8页
Root architecture development,an agronomic trait that influences crop yield,is regulated by multiple plant hormones.Abscisic acid(ABA)is a stress hormone that responds to multiple stresses,including salt,drought,and c... Root architecture development,an agronomic trait that influences crop yield,is regulated by multiple plant hormones.Abscisic acid(ABA)is a stress hormone that responds to multiple stresses,including salt,drought,and cold stress,and modulates various aspects of plant growth and development.In recent years,it has been found that ABA synthesized under mild stress or well-watered conditions can support plant growth and stress resistance by positively regulating root architecture development.In this review,we summarize the molecular,cellular,and organismal basis of ABA homeostasis in the root and how ABA signaling affects root architecture development both as an inhibitor and as an activator.We discuss the implications of these studies and the potential for exploiting the components of ABA signaling in designing crop plants with improved root system development and stress resistance. 展开更多
关键词 Abscisic acid rootS Growth and development HOMEOSTASIS
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Nanosilver-Promoted Lateral Root Development in Rice is Mediated through Hydrogen Peroxide
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作者 Yu-Jyun Chen Xian-Hao Yang Yun-Yang Chao 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2021年第5期1477-1489,共13页
Nanosilver(10−9 m)refers to particles comprising 20–15,000 silver atoms,exhibiting high stability and specific surface area.At present,nanosilver has been used in agricultural cultivation and production.This study ex... Nanosilver(10−9 m)refers to particles comprising 20–15,000 silver atoms,exhibiting high stability and specific surface area.At present,nanosilver has been used in agricultural cultivation and production.This study examined the effects of nanosilver on growth and development of rice root systems.Study results showed that fresh weight of rice belowground organs and root length both increased significantly by 5%and 25%,respectively,after rice radicles were treated with 2 ppm of nanosilver for three days.However,the H_(2)O_(2) level reached its peak at 2 days from treatment,but the activities of the antioxidant enzymes CAT,APX,and GR were inhibited by 2 ppm of nanosilver treatment.The results showed that nanosilver treatment inhibited the antioxidant enzyme activity of rice roots.The treatment of rice radicles with 5μM H_(2)O_(2) promoted root development and the same was observed when nanosilver was used for treatment.Moreover,ascorbic acid(AsA)is a H_(2)O_(2) scavenger and therefore rice root development was inhibited when AsA was added to rice radicles together with either treatment of nanosilver or H_(2)O_(2).In summary,nanosilver treatment of rice radicles promoted root growth and development via the regulation of H_(2)O_(2) and not the O2−pathway. 展开更多
关键词 RICE NANOSILVER antioxidant enzyme root development H_(2)O_(2)
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The IDD Transcription Factors:Their Functions in Plant Development and Environmental Response
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作者 Jing Liu Defeng Shu +5 位作者 Zilong Tan Mei Ma Huanhuan Yang Ning Guo Shipeng Li Dayong Cui 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第1期63-79,共17页
INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN proteins(IDDs)are a plant-specific transcription factor family characterized by a conserved ID domain with four zinc finger motifs.Previous studies have demonstrated that IDDs coordinate a diversi... INDETERMINATE-DOMAIN proteins(IDDs)are a plant-specific transcription factor family characterized by a conserved ID domain with four zinc finger motifs.Previous studies have demonstrated that IDDs coordinate a diversity of physiological processes and functions in plant growth and development,including floral transition,plant architecture,seed and root development,and hormone signaling.In this review,we especially summarized the latest knowledge on the functions and working models of IDD members in Arabidopsis,rice,and maize,particularly focusing on their role in the regulatory network of biotic and abiotic environmental responses,such as gravity,temperature,water,and pathogens.Understanding these mechanisms underlying the function of IDD proteins in these processes is important for improving crop yields by manipulating their activity.Overall,the review offers valuable insights into the functions and mechanisms of IDD proteins in plants,providing a foundation for further research and potential applications in agriculture. 展开更多
关键词 INDETERMINATE DOMAIN flowering time root development shoot gravitropism plant immunity hormonal signaling environmental responses
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Strigolactones interact with other phytohormones to modulate plant root growth and development 被引量:6
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作者 Huwei Sun Weiqiang Li +6 位作者 David J.Burritt Hongtao Tian Heng Zhang Xiaohan Liang Yuchen Miao Mohammad Golam Mostofa Lam-Son Phan Tran 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第6期1517-1527,共11页
Strigolactones(SLs),which are biosynthesized mainly in roots,modulate various aspects of plant growth and development.Here,we review recent research on the role of SLs and their cross-regulation with auxin,cytokinin,a... Strigolactones(SLs),which are biosynthesized mainly in roots,modulate various aspects of plant growth and development.Here,we review recent research on the role of SLs and their cross-regulation with auxin,cytokinin,and ethylene in the modulation of root growth and development.Under nutrientsufficient conditions,SLs regulate the elongation of primary roots and inhibit adventitious root formation in eudicot plants.SLs promote the elongation of seminal roots and increase the number of adventitious roots in grass plants in the short term,while inhibiting lateral root development in both grass and eudicot plants.The effects of SLs on the elongation of root hairs are variable and depend on plant species,growth conditions,and SL concentration.Nitrogen or phosphate deficiency induces the accumulation of endogenous SLs,modulates root growth and development.Genetic analyses indicate cross-regulation of SLs with auxin,cytokinin,and ethylene in regulation of root growth and development.We discuss the implications of these studies and consider their potential for exploiting the components of SL signaling for the design of crop plants with more efficient soil-resource utilization. 展开更多
关键词 CROSS-REGULATION development PHYTOHORMONES rootS Signaling STRIGOLACTONES
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