Damage Mechanism of Ultra-thin Asphalt Overlay(UTAO) based on Discrete Element Method

Aiming to analyze the damage mechanism of UTAO from the perspective of meso-mechanical mechanism using discrete element method(DEM),we conducted study of diseases problems of UTAO in several provinces in China,and found that aggregate spalling was one of the main disease types of UTAO.A discrete element model of UTAO pavement structure was constructed to explore the meso-mechanical mechanism of UTAO damage under the influence of layer thickness,gradation,and bonding modulus.The experimental results show that,as the thickness of UTAO decreasing,the maximum value and the mean value of the contact force between all aggregate particles gradually increase,which leads to aggregates more prone to spalling.Compared with OGFC-5 UTAO,AC-5 UTAO presents smaller maximum and average values of all contact forces,and the loading pressure in AC-5 UTAO is fully diffused in the lateral direction.In addition,the increment of pavement modulus strengthens the overall force of aggregate particles inside UTAO,resulting in aggregate particles peeling off more easily.The increase of bonding modulus changes the position where the maximum value of the tangential force appears,whereas has no effect on the normal force.

Enhancing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure efficiency with digital subtraction angiography image overlay technology in esophagogastric variceal bleeding

BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is a pivotal intervention for managing esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with chronic hepatic schistosomiasis.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of digital subtraction angiography image overlay tech-nology(DIT)in guiding the TIPS procedure.METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent TIPS at our hospital,comparing outcomes between an ultrasound-guided group and a DIT-guided group.Our analysis focused on the duration of the portosystemic shunt puncture,the number of punctures needed,the total surgical time,and various clinical indicators related to the surgery.RESULTS The study included 52 patients with esophagogastric varices due to chronic hepatic schistosomiasis.Results demonstrated that the DIT-guided group expe-rienced significantly shorter puncture times(P<0.001)and surgical durations(P=0.022)compared to the ultrasound-guided group.Additionally,postoperative assessments showed significant reductions in aspartate aminotransferase,B-type natriuretic peptide,and portal vein pressure in both groups.Notably,the DIT-guided group also showed significant reductions in total bilirubin(P=0.001)and alanine aminotransferase(P=0.023).CONCLUSION The use of DIT for guiding TIPS procedures highlights its potential to enhance procedural efficiency and reduce surgical times in the treatment of esophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with chronic hepatic schistoso-miasis.

Influence of Abutment Material on the Stress of Implant-supported All-ceramic Single Crown

In order to investigate the influence of abutment material on the stress of implant-supported all-ceramic single crown, a 3D finite element model of implant-supported mandibular first premolar was computed by COSMOS/M 2.85 software. Alumina, zirconia, and titanium were used as abutment materials respectively. Vertical 600 N and horizontal 225 N load was applied on the occlusal surface. The results show that the stress distribution of implant-supported single crown was similar for different abutment materials. Maximum stresses within the crown were higher when titanium abutment was used. Maximum stress of titanium abutment was lower than that of ceramic abutment. Within the screw and fixture, maximum stresses had no difference under vertical loading but higher as titanium abutment was used under horizontal loading. There was no difference of maximum stress within the bone when different abutment materials were used. The present findings indicate that the abutment material had no influence on the stress distribution of implant-supported all- ceramic single crown but maximum stress when the titanium abutment was lower than that of ceramic abutment.

Influence of Different Luting Agents on the Stress Distributions of Implant-supported All-ceramic Single Crown

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different luting agents on the stress distribution within the crown, abutment and peri-implant bone of implant-supported all-ceramic single crown. A three-dimensional finite element model of an implant-supported single crown for the first premolar of mandible was created by COSMOS 2.85. Resin-modified glass ionomer and two different resin adhesives were used to cement the crown and abutment. Vertical 600 N and horizontal 225 N loads were applied to stimulate the condition of chewing. The stress distributions within the all-ceramic crown, abutment and peri-implant bone were analyzed. The experimental results show that the stress distributions of all-ceramic crown, abutment, implant and peri-implant bone were similar when different luting agents were used. The result of present study indicated that luting agents had no influence on the stress distributions of implant-supported all-ceramic single crown.

The Effect of Alumina Content on Fracture Property of All-ceramics Zirconia

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect ofA1203 content on the fracture property of all-ceramics ZrO2. To improve the all-ceramics ZrO2 restoration mechanics properity ,96 samples containing 0,5,10 and 15 wt% of A1203 particles were prepared by cold isostatic pressing （200 MPa） and 1 550 ℃ sintered .The phase was analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis and the bulk densities of the samples were made using Archimedes principle. Samples were randomly divided into four groups. In each group, 24 specimens were prepared so that the angle between notch and specimen＇s long axis is 90° and 60°. Notch depths were 1 mm for all samples. Samples were loaded with three-point bending method. 90° cut samples were used to measure fracture toughness while 60°cut samples were used to observe fracture curve by taking points on the fracture extension path under microscope, plotting points on coordinates, generating fitting curve by software ＂Origin＂, and analyzing the microstructure of the specimen fracture surfaces by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）.The results show that the increment ofA1203 has insignificant effect on the densification of all-ceramic ZrO2.XRD analysis shows that the specimen is comprised of t-ZrO2 and a- A1203 before fracture while fracture surface is m-ZrO2, t-ZrO2 and a-A1203. ZrO2 containing 10% A1203 has the optimum mechanical properties and unconspicuous crack propagation and distribution. The observations may provide a reference for the materials selection, shaoe design, and production orocess of all-ceramic crown and bridge.

Insightful Understanding of the Role of the Mechanical Properties in Defining the Reliability of All-Ceramic Dental Restorations: A Review

Since the last two decades, restorative dentistry has been witnessing an increased acceptance of the use of the well-known all-ceramic materials for the fabrication of single dental restorations, such as inlays, onlays, crowns, anterior and posterior fixed partial dentures (PFPDs). These restorations certainly offer the potential for better biocompatibility coupled with superior aesthetic qualities, especially when compared with the conventional prostheses made from porcelain that is fused with metal ceramic restorations. However, brittleness and extreme sensitivity of all-ceramic materials to micro-like defects or cracks that are inherently present, or may grow, in their microstructure during different laboratory fabrication steps, during necessary clinical adjustments, or from post-placement chewing activity, remain major shortcomings of these dental restorations. In fact, many researchers are of the opinion that the improved mechanical properties can significantly improve the lifetime of all-ceramic restorations and result in enhanced reliability. Therefore, efforts of researchers, as well as manufacturers, have been directed towards the improvement of the mechanical properties in order to overcome such limitations. This article reviews the characterization of the most important mechanical properties that can delineate the behavior of all-ceramic dental materials upon loading. These include fracture mechanics, the brittle nature of ceramics, the relationship between microstructural features and fracture behavior, sources of cracks and flaws that may initiate a fracture and the effect of different fabrication procedures and/or clinical adjustments on the mechanical behavior of dental ceramics are also reviewed and discussed.

高参数垃圾电站锅炉防腐涂层体系的设计策略与评价

随着国家“双碳”战略目标的提出,垃圾发电成为城市垃圾处理的主流方式。针对高参数垃圾电站锅炉管道腐蚀减薄到一定程度时,造成泄漏甚至爆管的严重安全问题,本文在简介了高参数对锅炉腐蚀影响规律的基础上,评述了高参数条件下管道的基材特性及主流涂层防护技术,重点论述了Inconel堆焊、感应熔焊、HVOF等技术及性能。因为涂层系统设计主要是对管道基体和涂层材料与工艺进行选配,同时匹配参数也是对涂层系统的主要评价指标,所以本文对热膨胀系数、导热系数、结合强度、孔隙率、服役寿命以及经济性等参数进行了系统评价,并阐述了涂层结构设计策略,包括防腐涂层的厚度设计、涂层结构设计、涂层材料组分设计等内容。根据涂层防护技术现存的主要问题,提出粉末合成设计-涂层结构设计-服役性能评价一体化研究的重要性;针对目前主要的材料体系设计比较集中于高Cr含量的FeCr系和NiCr系合金的现状,指出应开发以NiCr基辅以W、Mo等元素涂层材料,使其兼具优异的耐腐蚀和抗磨损的综合性能。最后对涂层防护技术的发展前景进行展望。

基于Agent人工智能的异构网络多重覆盖节点入侵检测系统设计

异构网络具有结构复杂、多重覆盖面积大等特征,使得网络入侵检测较为隐蔽,威胁网络运行的安全性;为此,对基于Agent人工智能的异构网络多重覆盖节点入侵检测系统进行了研究;通过检测Agent和通信Agent装设主机Agent,以Cisco Stealthwatch流量传感器作为异构网络传感器检测攻击行为,采用STM32L151RDT664位微控制器传输批量数据,由MAX3232芯片实现系统电平转化,实现硬件系统设计;软件部分设计入侵检测标准,采用传感器设备捕获网络实时数据,通过Agent技术解析异构网络协议并提取数据运行特征,综合考虑协议解析结果及与检测标准匹配度,实现异构网络多重覆盖节点入侵检测;经实验测试表明,基于Agent人工智能的异构网络多重覆盖节点入侵检测系统入侵行为的漏检率和入侵类型误检率的平均值仅为6%和5%,能够有效提高检测精度,减小检测误差。

辽三彩二维图像色彩提取及叠加的研究与应用

辽三彩以其丰富的色彩、独特的造型和装饰艺术而著称,由于历史悠久,许多辽三彩文物出现了严重褪色、色彩纹理剥落等问题。为对辽三彩色彩纹理进行保护和研究,并为辽三彩数字化建模提供色彩纹理贴图预处理新方法,还原辽三彩原貌,本文基于HSV颜色空间提取算法,设置辽三彩的三色阈值范围,提取辽三彩三色纹理,实现色彩掩膜图像叠加,探讨相关技术与理论,为辽三彩文物的色彩分析与文物保护提供新思路。实验结果表明,该方法在多种类型的辽三彩照片上均体现出了优异的性能,为后续的辽三彩数字化建模照片预处理和分析提供了有力的支持。本文的研究成果不仅为瓷器保护工作提供了新的视角和思路,也为其他类文物色彩保护提供了可借鉴的经验和参考。

大型轴向列管式固定床反应器的设计、制造、运输

通过对大型轴向列管式固定床反应器的列管布置、管板强度计算、支持板结构、管板的焊接及热处理、壳体组装、运输等多方面优化,从设计、制造、运输三方面综合考虑,使大型轴向固定床反应器的本质安全、运行效果达到更高的要求。

混凝土铺装层开裂对正交异性钢桥面疲劳性能劣化作用研究

为合理评估混凝土铺装层开裂对正交异性钢桥面板疲劳性能劣化的影响,开展足尺模型疲劳试验并进行数值仿真分析,得到铺装层开裂后钢桥面板典型易损细节疲劳应力,并提出疲劳应力增大系数量化分析裂缝尺寸对各细节疲劳应力的影响效应。结果表明:混凝土裂缝深度不超过其厚度20%时,正交异性钢桥面典型细节疲劳应力增幅很小;混凝土层正下方的横隔板-U肋-顶板及横隔板-U肋细节疲劳应力对混凝土裂缝长度、深度变化较敏感,混凝土开裂对横隔板弧形开口处及U肋圆弧处的影响较小;纵桥向裂缝对疲劳应力的影响比横桥向裂缝显著,且多裂缝会明显增大疲劳细节处应力水平,会加速桥面结构疲劳性能劣化,因此须设钢筋网阻滞裂缝扩展。

超嵌体

Overlay于1992年由刘洪臣翻译为超嵌体,定义为覆盖整个咬合面的嵌体,并收录于2000年由人民军医出版社正式出版发行的《口腔医学专业术语词典》。但在实际应用中的难点是如何与高嵌体区别,其后作者根据临床应用实践和文献,并与国内外同行商榷,修改其定义为修复伴邻面较大缺失空间的牙体缺损、恢复邻接关系的覆盖或不全覆盖咬合面的一种嵌体修复方式。固位方式包括活髓牙的箱式固位或无髓牙的髓腔固位,其修复边缘位于牙颈部之上。超嵌体有利于保护牙体缺损剩余牙体组织,避免了充填窝洞形成的悬突及牙体充填物的折裂,突出了超嵌体的特点和优越性。

电弧摆动对管堆焊温度场及微观组织的影响

为掌握电弧摆动对管堆焊过程的影响,采用焊接仿真与工艺试验两种方式对比电弧摆动和不摆动操作的温度场、残余应力及焊接变形并进行了金相分析。首先,基于有限元分析软件Abaqus,采用热弹塑性有限元法建立焊接过程有限元模型,对摆动焊与常规无摆动焊的温度场进行模拟,并分析熔池的演变过程及温度场分布、热循环曲线等特征。结果表明:摆动焊温度分布云图呈拉长状态,其熔池形状相较于不摆动焊的椭圆形更接近波浪形,摆动焊的温度场更均匀、残余应力更低,可提高焊缝等轴晶比例,细化晶粒,改善焊缝显微硬度。其次,通过金相分析对比了摆动焊与不摆动焊的显微组织,结果表明,摆动焊能够提高焊缝等轴晶的比例和焊缝显微硬度。

水轮机修复堆焊技术研究现状分析

传统能源逐渐枯竭,且对环境影响较大.国家大力推动绿色清洁能源的发展.水力发电占比也逐年提高,对水轮机相关技术的研究有了更高要求.我国河流泥沙含量大,泥沙含量越高,水轮机关键零部件磨损就越大.水轮机零部件修复技术存在成本高、效率低且质量难以保证等问题,因此亟需研究低成本高效率的智能堆焊修复技术.应用于轮机的先进堆焊技术可以促进绿色环保、提高能源利用率,同时也可促进国民经济发展和振兴机械工业.

复合材料油箱口盖零件的成型工艺研究

文章以某飞机油箱口盖为研究对象,通过材料设计、密封设计、耐火设计、雷电防火设计,对油箱口盖的复合材料成型工艺进行分析。通过工艺试验,合理选用油箱口盖零件原材料,设计铺层结构,优化工艺参数,采用热压罐成型工艺包括下料、铺贴、封装、固化、脱模、修整等具体过程完成复合材料油箱口盖的成型。

列举助词“什么的”的历时来源及形成机制

在数量上可以是1至5项不等,可以是各级语法单位,列举项内部的连接形式多种多样。列举助词“什么的”在民国产生,其形成机制是概念叠加和构式整合,即:表列举的构式“什么×”与构式“×的”发生概念叠加,进而构式整合为构式“什么×的”;夹在中间的成分×前移,从而形成“×什么的”,后置的“什么的”发生词汇化形成三音节列举助词。

OVERLAY堆焊技术在核电设备维修中的应用

核电用奥氏体不锈钢和镍基合金的应力腐蚀问题常导致管道等设备产生缺陷和失效。OVERLAY堆焊技术是针对应力腐蚀问题的实用可靠修复手段,通过堆焊一定尺寸的耐应力腐蚀镍基合金材料,形成新的压力边界(密封)焊缝和结构加强。在实际应用过程中,除完成必要的检验和试验项目外,还应进行相应的残余应力和服役寿命等分析评价。

面向vDC的overlay网络关键技术研究

云计算时代,数据中心趋于虚拟化演进。分析了新时期数据中心虚拟化组网演进的需求,对面向虚拟数据中心组网的基于overlay网络架构的多种关键技术进行了对比研究,并提出了电信运营商虚拟数据中心组网仍需关注的问题。

overlay SDN实现异构兼容的关键技术

云计算的规模化发展对数据中心网络提出了新的挑战,要求应用SDN技术对数据中心网络进行虚拟化,以满足多租户环境下灵活调整的动态网络需求,overlay SDN是实现数据中心网络虚拟化的核心技术。研究了overlay SDN网络虚拟化的关键技术,提出了商业overlay SDN存在的兼容性问题,分析了overlay SDN实现异构兼容的主要方法,并提出了基于开源和白盒交换机实现异构兼容的overlay SDN架构。

双源CT碘浓度及Overlay值诊断不同分化程度胃癌及转移淋巴结

目的探讨双源CT双能扫描动脉期碘浓度及Overlay值在诊断不同分化程度胃癌及转移淋巴结中的价值。方法回顾性分析46例术前接受双源CT扫描并经术后病理证实的胃癌伴淋巴结转移患者的资料,测量病灶及转移淋巴结碘浓度、Overlay值。根据病理分化程度将胃癌病灶及转移淋巴结分为分化良好组(病理结果为高分化、中高分化、中分化)与分化不良组(病理结果为中低分化、低分化)。采用独立样本t检验比较2组间胃癌及转移淋巴结碘浓度、Overlay值;并绘制ROC曲线,评价其诊断不同分化程度胃癌及转移淋巴结的效能。结果 46例胃癌病灶中分化良好组15例,分化不良组31例;73枚转移淋巴结中分化良好组24枚,分化不良组49枚。分化不良组胃癌、转移淋巴结碘浓度为(2.12±0.72)mg/ml和(1.85±0.67)mg/ml,Overlay值为(37.32±13.18)HU和(32.24±12.10)HU,均高于分化良好组(P均<0.05)。动脉期碘浓度及Overlay值诊断胃癌分化程度的AUC分别为0.799、0.745(P=0.001、0.008),诊断转移淋巴结分化程度的AUC分别为0.787、0.733(P<0.001、P=0.001)。结论动脉期碘浓度及Overlay值对诊断不同分化程度胃癌及转移淋巴结有一定价值,可为术前评估其分化程度提供依据。