Physicochemical and Biochemical Characterization, Total Phenolic and Energy Value from Bulbs of Different Onion (Allium cepa L.) Varieties in Senegal

The purpose of this study is to investigate the physicochemical properties of some local varieties of onion (Allium cepa L.) and compare them with an imported variety, all collected in May 2021. Proteins, reducing sugars, lipids, and polyphenol content were estimated according to the AFNOR standardized methods. The determination of calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium and phosphorus was performed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer coupled with a CCD detector. The results highlighted an average acidity of 0.377% ± 0.002% lower than the value of the imported variety which is 0.520% ± 0.001%. Local varieties have a pH ranging from 6.35 ± 0.003 to 6.42 ± 0.004, while the variety has a pH of 6.36 ± 0.003. The ash and dry matter contents vary respectively from 4.788% ± 0.004% to 8.253% ± 0.003% and 7.945% ± 0.021% to 11.945% ± 0.007% for the local varieties. Moreover, the imported one has ash and dry matter contents of 5.175% ± 0.007% and 10.035% ± 0.021% respectively. The results show that the protein, reducing sugar and lipid contents in the local onion varieties vary respectively from 2.815 ± 0.000 to 15.634 ± 0.001 g·100 g-1;4.691 ± 0.001 to 12.596 ± 0.002 g·100 g-1 and 0.006 ± 0.001 to 0.050 ± 0.057 g·100 g-1. Furthermore, the imported variety has a protein, reducing sugar and lipid content of 5.649 ± 0.002;8.565 ± 0.002 g·100 g-1 and 0.011 ± 0.010 g·100 g-1 respectively. The maximum levels of total polyphenols are obtained in the imported variety, Bellani and Gandiol, respectively 9.973 ± 0.001, 4.535 ± 0.002, and 3.425 ± 0.006 mg EAG/g of dry matter. The local varieties have a significant calorific intake of between 35.451 ± 0.001 and 112.980 ± 0.003 kcal·100 g-1 compared to the imported one with an energy value of 56.953 ± 0.001 kcal·100 g-1 of dry matter. The bulbs of different onion varieties studied have a fairly high content of mineral elements. The potassium content of local varieties is between 502.16 ± 0.06 mg·100 g-1 and 582.77 ± 0.04 mg·100 g-1 while the imported variety has a content of 536.62 ± 1.30 mg·100 g-1. They note that the local varieties have a better calcium content (249.75 ± 0.07 to 434.20 ± 0.57 mg·100 g-1) and magnesium (142.15 ± 0.07 to 162.60 ± 0.42 mg·100 g-1) than the imported variety (229.58 ± 0.04 mg·100 g-1) except for the varieties White Grano (228.29 ± 0.01 mg·100 g-1) and Rouge Amposta (117.00 ± 0.42 mg·100 g-1) respectively. These results reveal that Gandiol, Dayo and Orient F1 are nutritionally found better due to their higher antioxidant property, proteins, carbohydrates, and reducing sugar and should be included in diets to supplement our daily allowance needed by the body.

洋葱(Alliumcepa L.)RAPD-PCR反应体系及扩增程序的优化

为建立多态性高、稳定性好的洋葱RAPD-PCR反应体系,采用正交设计,研究了Taq酶、Mg2+、引物和dNTP 4种RAPD-PCR反应组分浓度变化对扩增结果的影响,在此基础上对模板DNA用量、扩增程序中退火温度和反应循环次数进行了筛选。试验结果表明,洋葱20μl RAPD-PCR优化反应体系为1×Buffer、2.0 mmo1/L Mg2+、1.0 UTaqDNA聚合酶、200μmo1/L dNTP、0.6μmo1/L引物、2%甘油和15 ng DNA模板;PCR扩增程序为94℃预变性4 m in;94℃变性30 s,35℃退火40 s,72℃延长1.5 m in,45个循环;72℃保温延伸7 m in。

Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of AcFT3 in Allium cepa

Onion （Allium cepa L.） was an economic vegetable and a strictly biennial herb, which was widely distributed in the world. In the past, it was a strictly biennial plant, the studies had shown that FT （FLOWERING LOCUS T） gene was involved in the photoperiod pathway to regulate fowering in the model plant. In this study, transcriptome sequencing method was used to obtain cDNA sequence of FT homologous gene in onion, named AcFT3 （KF864665）. AcFT3 had a full-length of 540 bp, encoded 179 amino acids, with 98.31% homology to AfFT （Allium fstulosum）, and 63.0%-84.0% homology to other higher plants. Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that AcFT3 had the closest relationship with AfFT. The results of quantitative RT-PCR showed the expression pattern of AcFT3 both in vegetative growth of onion and in different organs of bolting and fowering, the expression level of AcFT3 reached the highest in the leaves before bolting and in the fower organs after bolting.

Effect of Different Mulching Types on Insect and Disease Infestation and Yield of Onions (Allium cepa L.) in Loamy Sand

This research was carried out to assess the effect of different varieties and mulching types on insect and disease infestation,and the yield of onions.The experiment was conducted in Sangkat TuekVil,KrongSiem Reap,in Cambodia.A 2×4 factorial in RCBD(Randomized Complete Blocks Design)was used to layout the trial,in which two varieties(Texas Early Grano 502 PRR and Earth F1)and four mulch types(non-mulch,rice Straw,silver plastic mulching and black plastic mulching)were used as the treatments.Application of these treatments was to enhance soil temperature,leaf number plant-1,stand count,bulb diameter,single bulb weight,insect incidence,disease incidence and bulb yield are different to all treatments.As the result,the bulb yields of onions among these treatments were found superior in Texas Early Grano 502 PRR combined with Black Plastic mulch followed by Texas Early Grano 502 PRR combined with silver plastic mulch and Texas Early Grano 502 PRR combined rice straw mulch,whereas the lowest was found in Earth F1combined with non-mulch.

Isolation,purification,structural characteristic and antioxidative property of polysaccharides from A.cepa L.var.agrogatum Don

Allium cepa L.var.agrogatum Don(ALAP)is commonly consumed in China as well as other regions and has various beneficial health effects.A novel acidic polysaccharide(named ALAP-21)was obtained from ALAP by ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction and purification using DEAE-52 anion exchange and Sephadex G-100 columns.The monosaccharide composition,structural and antioxidative properties of ALAP-21 were investigated by GC–MS chromatography,FT-IR and NMR spectroscopies and three antioxidative activity tests in vitro.The results showed that ALAP-21 was a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose,galacturonic acid,mannose,galactose,arabinose,rhamnose,xylose,fructose and glucuronic acid with a relative molar ratio of 26.282:27.546:11.400:4.781:2.467:2.445:3.622:1.106:1.753,owning(1→4)-β-d-Glcp,(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA,(1→4)-β-d-Galp6OMe,(1→2)-β-l-Rhap,(1→4)-β-d-Manp glycosidic linkages.(1→4)-β-d-Glcp and(1→4)-β-d-GalAp6Me3OA residues might be the main components of the sugar chain backbone of ALAP-21.Furthermore,ALAP-21 exhibited high potential for DPPH radicals(82.02%),hydroxyl radicals(53.33%)and superoxide anion radicals(50.28%).These results provide a reference for further research and rational development of ALAP polysaccharides.

不同浓度NaCl胁迫对洋葱种子发芽的影响

为明确不同浓度NaCl胁迫对洋葱种子发芽的影响,本研究采用模拟试验方法,设置5个浓度NaCl溶液处理即0(CK)、50、100、150 mmol/L和200 mmol/L,测定并分析其对洋葱品种‘早黄金’‘天正105’‘火星1号’种子发芽势、发芽率、根长、活力指数、盐害系数等指标的影响,并对各洋葱品种进行耐盐性筛选。结果表明,随着NaCl溶液浓度升高,3个洋葱品种的种子发芽势、发芽率、活力指数都随之降低,根长不同程度缩短,盐害系数增大。NaCl溶液浓度为200 mmol/L时,3个洋葱品种间的种子发芽势和发芽率均差异显著(P<0.05)。综合来看,洋葱种子发芽对中等浓度盐胁迫敏感,对低浓度盐胁迫敏感性低且种子萌发受到的抑制作用不强,高浓度盐胁迫显著抑制种子萌发。3个洋葱品种种子萌发期的耐盐能力表现为‘火星1号’>‘天正105’>‘早黄金’。

The Transfer of Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe between Soils and <i>Allium</i>Plants (Garlic and Onion), and Tomato in the Southwest of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina

Chemical extraction methods are generally used to evaluate trace element concentrations in soils. The adequacy of these soil tests is commonly assessed by comparing the extraction results with the metal contents in the plants. In this study, soil and leaf samples were collected in the southwest area of the Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Garlic (Allium sativum L.), onion (Allium cepa L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are species of great regional economic importance. These crops need good mineral nutrition for optimum growth and sustainable production. Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe micronutrient uptake by plants was analyzed together with the trace element contents in the soil in which those plants were grown. A single EDTA-extraction procedure was performed to determine soil micronutrients. The amount of extractable-trace elements increased as the concentration of the chelating agent EDTA increased. The range of total element content in soil was: 15.68-31.5 mg·kg-1 for Cu, 75.0-386.3 mg·kg-1 for Zn, 542.5 -1686 mg·kg-1 for Mn and 28,325-32,675 mg·kg-1 for Fe. Micronutrient contents in mature leaf tissue were determined by the acid digestion method. Total and available micronutrient content in soil as well as total content in leaves were measured by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Total micronutrient content and the available extractable-fraction in soils were below the critical values for plant growth. This was in agreement with the amount of micronutrients present in the leaf tissue. A strong relationship between the extraction data and the soil-plant transfer coefficients suggested an appropriate exchange of trace elements from soils to garlic, onion and tomato plants.

荷叶离褶伞发酵液对NaCl胁迫下洋葱根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响

研究了荷叶离褶伞发酵液对NaCl胁迫下洋葱根尖细胞有丝分裂的影响。结果表明:低浓度NaCl(0.05 mol/L)对洋葱根的生长有促进作用,高浓度NaCl(≥0.10 mol/L)对洋葱根的生长有抑制作用,根尖细胞有丝分裂出现异常,且随着NaCl浓度增高和NaCl处理时间延长抑制作用越明显。荷叶离褶伞发酵液对低浓度NaCl(≤0.10 mol/L)短时间处理(24 h)导致的洋葱根尖细胞遗传损伤有一定的修复作用。

Quantification and analysis of anthocyanin and flavonoids compositions,and antioxidant activities in onions with three different colors

Onion（Allium cepa L.） is a very important vegetable crop widely cultivated throughout the world. In this study, we measured total anthocyanins and flavonols of onions of three colors. The fresh weight（FW） of total anthocyanins were（29.99±1.19）,（9.64±1.30） and（0.75±0.40） mg 100 g^–1 fruit in red, yellow and white onions, respectively. Likewise, the FW of total flavonoids were（111.10±5.98）,（36.64±3.59）, and 0 mg 100 g^–1 in red, yellow and white, respectively. Four types of anthocyanins（delphinidin 3,5-diglycosides, cyanidin 3,5-diglycosides, cyanidin 3-glycosides and cyanidin 3-（6′′-malonyl）-glucopyranoside） and two kinds of flavonoids（quercetin and quercetin 3-glycosides） were identified in two varieties（red and yellow bulb） of onions by HPLC/DAD-ESI/MS. The total polyphenol contents were also measured by means of Folin-Ciocalteu method. Moreover, all the concentrations of anthocyanins, flavonoids and polyphenols showed significantly positive correlations with antioxidant activities measured by DPPH˙, ABTS˙＋ and FRAP assays. This study provided information on anthocyanin and flavonoids compositions that will be useful for onion breeding.

Influence of Variety and Maturity Level on Natural Convective Heat Drying of Four Onion Varieties Grown in Senegal

The considerable post-harvest losses (5% to 40% depending on storage time) due to the high water content level of the onion varieties in Senegal are the main cause of the problem of access to local onion all year round. Therefore, drying is one of the techniques that can be used to solve the problem of onion perishability. This study deals with the characterization of naturally convective kinetics drying of four onion varieties in relation to their maturity level. The experiment was carried out using the gravimetric method. The Welch and Turkey statistical tests display a significant difference between the effective diffusivity coefficients depending on the maturity level within each variety and across the four varieties. The effective diffusivity coefficients of the Galmi Violet, Safari, Gandiol F1 and Orient F1varieties range from 2.18 × 10&minus;11 ± 2.69 × 10&minus;12 to 1.32 × 10&minus;10 ± 1.17 × 10&minus;11 m2&sdot;s&minus;1 at a maturity level less than 80%. When the maturity level is greater than 85%, the effective diffusivity coefficients range from 1.30 × 10&minus;11 ± 1.24 × 10&minus;12 to 8.05 × 10&minus;11 ± 8.94 × 10&minus;13 m2&sdot;s&minus;1. As far as the activation energy is concerned, the study only reveals a significant difference between the varieties whatever the maturity level is. The Galmi Violet variety stands out with an average activation energy of 66.71 ± 0.12 KJ&sdot;mol&minus;1 K&minus;1 for the maturity level below 80% and 58.74 ± 0.11 KJ&sdot;mol&minus;1 for the maturity level above 85%. For the three remaining varieties, the average activation energy ranges from 58.15 ± 0.19 to 59.12 ± 0.13 KJ&sdot;mol&minus;1 for a maturity level less than 80% whereas the rates go from 47.63 ± 0.28 to 49.96 ± 0.77 KJ&sdot;mol&minus;1 when the maturity level is greater than 85%. In summary, the higher the maturity level is, the lower the effective diffusivity coefficients will be. The same tendency was observed with the activation energy. The Galmi Violet variety represents the limitative one in case of the drying of the four varieties mix together.

NaCl、Na_2SO_4胁迫对新疆野生蔬菜实葶葱种子萌发的影响

以实葶葱种子为试材,研究了盐胁迫对实葶葱种子萌发的影响。试验采用不同浓度的NaCl和Na2SO4对实葶葱种子进行盐胁迫处理,测定其种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数。结果表明,在NaCl浓度为1 000mg/L时,实葶葱种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数高于对照,当NaCl浓度超过2 000mg/L时受到抑制;Na2SO4浓度在1 000,2 000mg/L时,种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数高于对照,当Na2SO4浓度超过4 000mg/L时出现明显抑制作用,种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数等指标均呈明显下降趋势;NaCl对种子发芽率的抑制强于Na2SO4。随NaCl和Na2SO4浓度增加实葶葱种子的萌发逐渐降低;试验结果表明,实葶葱种子萌发期间具有较强的耐盐性。

Allelopathic Effects of Adonis vernalis L.: Root Growth Inhibition and Cytogenetic Alterations

A possible alternative to synthetic agricultural chemicals is through the use of allelopathy. Adonis species are rich sources of secondary metabolites. Such allelochemicals offer potential for the development of future pesticides. Allelochemicals influence plant growth and cause morphological alterations. This visible effect could be due to primary effects at cellular or molecular level. Changes in the mitotic activity and disturbances in different phases of mitotic division are accepted as indicators of cytotoxic influence. Mitotic abnormalities and induction of micronuclei in interphase cells are parameters used to determine genotoxicity. The purpose of the current study was to establish the possible allelopathic effect of Adonis vernalis L. water extracts through evaluation of root growth inhibition effect and cytogenetic alterations. Adonis vernalis L. growing wild in Bulgaria was used in the present study. Two types of water extracts were prepared: Hot and Cold Water Extract of A. vernalis (HWЕА and СWЕА). A 72-h root growth inhibition test was provided in order to determine the toxicity level of extracts. EC50 values were determined. For toxicity test, seeds of Triticum aestivum L. cv. GTW were used. Cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of water extracts (EC50) were evaluated using Allium cepa L.-test. The EC50 for HWEA and CWEA was determined 1.83 g/l and 0.78 g/l respectively. Significant influence on mitotic activity values and a marked decrease in percentage of telophase cells were observed after treatment with both extracts. Adonis extracts also induced different mitotic abnormalities in root-tip cells of Allium cepa L. The percent of interphase cells with micronuclei increased significantly only after treatment with HWEA. The results indicated growth inhibitory, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of crude water extracts of A. vernalis L. These effects demonstrated the presence of water soluble allelochemicals in Adonis aerial parts.

Assessing the Pathogenic Ability of Six Species of Fusarium Genus on Onion Variety in Burkina Faso

Prema 178 onion variety is widely used in production in Burkina Faso. It is greatly appreciated but susceptible to basal rot. This study aimed to evaluate the pathogenic ability of six strains of Fusarium genus identified in Burkina Faso on onion. Seeds, seedlings and bulbs were used for the test. A conidial suspension of each strain was made in tubes and adjusted to 1 × 106 conidia/ml with distilled water for the different tests. Germination test in the laboratory and greenhouse showed that all treatments with the strains of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. solani, F. falciforme, F. acutatum, F. proliferatum and F. sp. induced failure to emerge and showed a significant difference with the control. The different strains also induced stunting rates of coleoptile growth. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. acutatum, F. proliferatum, F. falciforme and F. solani were very aggressive, as they recorded above 50% damping-off rates. The test on the bulbs revealed that the strains were classified into two groups. The first consists of F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae, F. solani, F. falciforme, F. acutatum, which caused rots with respective lengths from 2.06;1.48;1.84;1.46 and 2.12 cm, thus very aggressive according to Ghanbarzadeh scale. The second is formed by F. proliferatum which recorded 0.90 cm of rot length, thus moderately aggressive. It would be appropriate to suggest a sustainable management method for these pathogens in order to improve the yield of onion production.

Allelopathy of Cold Water Extracts from Origanum vulgare ssp. vulgare L.

Secondary metabolites in medicinal plants could lead to discovery of new classes of herbicides. Recently aromatic plants have gained interest as a source of allelopathic secondary metabolites. Origanum vulgare ssp. vulgare L. infusions in hot water are used in folk medicine and possess proved beneficial biological activity. Plant-to-plant variability of metabolites due to genetic heterogeneity is established in Lamiaceae family. From this point of view, studies on plants from different geographic regions might reveal important sources of variability. The objective of this study was to evaluate allelopathic activity of cold water extracts made from the aerial parts of O. vulgare ssp. vulgare growing wild in Northeast Bulgaria in laboratory conditions. The allelopathic effect was evaluated using root elongation test and Allium cepa-test. Oregano extracts (17.5 g/l, 52.5 g/l) significantly decreased root length of Triticum aestivum L. (P ≤ 0.001). The root growth reduction could serve as a sign for presence of water soluble allelopathic secondary metabolites in the plant tested. Oregano (3.5 g/l) inhibited cell division in Allium root meristematic cells. The decline of the mitotic index indicates the occurrence of a cytotoxic effect. Oregano induced abnormalities in mitotic and interphase cells, so can be also considered as genotoxic. The observed macroscopic and microscopic effects of tested extracts indicated presence of water soluble allelochemicals in O. vulgare ssp. vulgare. This characteristic could be further studied as a possibility to be used in weed management programs.

水合与渗透激发对洋葱 (Allium cepa L .)种子的萌发及幼苗形成的影响(英文)

把 3个样品的洋葱种子分别放在聚乙烯乙二醇 (PEG分子量 80 0 0 ,渗透势 - 1 .5Mpa)溶液中 ,在 1 5℃温度下浸泡处理 7d .然后 ,把它们冲洗干净并干燥 .另外 ,把 3个样品的洋葱种子分别放入装有通气的蒸馏水的圆柱管里 ,在 2 0°C温度下浸泡处理 6h ,然后进行干燥 .在本实验中发现如果和没有处理过的种子相比较 ,用PEG处理过的洋葱种子表现出种子萌发速度加快并且加速了幼苗的形成速度 .但是并没有改善甚至降低了种子萌发的百分比和萌发能力 .然而 ,用蒸馏水浸泡处理过的种子却没有表现出种子萌发速度和幼苗形成速度的加快 ,并且表现出种子萌发的百分比和萌发能力的降低 .

水合与渗透激发对洋葱 (Allium cepa L .)种子健康的影响(英文)

研究了水合与渗透激发对洋葱种子带菌的影响 .把 3个样品的洋葱种子分别放在聚乙烯乙二醇(PEG)分子量 80 0 0 ,渗透势 - 1 .5MPa溶液中和蒸馏水的圆柱管里 ,进行渗透处理 .在 2 0℃温度下用马铃薯琼脂 (PDA)培养基试验来检测每一种处理的种子的带菌情况 .研究中发现 ,如果和没有处理过的种子相比较 ,用PEG处理过的洋葱种子被几种真菌主要是Penicilliumspp .的侵染率大大增加 .但是却表现出被Botrytisallii侵染的洋葱种子的百分比的降低 .然而 ,水合激发后的洋葱种子 ,其真菌的侵染率的变化根据种子样品的不同而不同 .

不同化学试剂处理对山韭种子萌发特性的影响

为探明多菌灵(Carbendazim,MBC)、过氧化氢(Hydrogen peroxide,H_(2)O_(2))、高锰酸钾(Potassium permanganate,KMnO 4)对山韭(Allium senescens L.)种子萌发过程的影响,本研究以山韭(Allium Senescens L.)种子为试验材料,分析不同浓度MBC(100,200,300,400,500倍)、H_(2)O_(2)(0.5%,1.0%,1.5%,2.0%,2.5%)、KMnO 4(0.1%,0.2%,0.4%,0.8%,1.6%)处理下种子萌发指标、生理指标及内源激素的变化规律。结果表明:与CK相比,200倍MBC、1.0%H_(2)O_(2)、0.4%KMnO_(4)对山韭种子的萌发有显著促进作用(P<0.05),可溶性糖含量、脂肪酶活性、中性蛋白酶活性、乙烯(Ethrel,ETH)含量均显著提高(P<0.05)。主成分分析和相关性分析表明,MBC和KMnO 4处理的山韭种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数与酶活性呈正相关关系;H_(2)O_(2)处理的山韭种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数与可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白有正相关关系。综合分析表明,200倍MBC、1.0%H_(2)O_(2)主要通过显著提高山韭胚芽内源ETH含量(P<0.05),而0.4%KMnO 4通过显著提高内源ETH含量和内源赤霉素(Gibberellins,GA 3)含量(P<0.05)来促进山韭种子萌发。

分蘖洋葱和普通洋葱营养品质的比较

【目的】对分蘖洋葱和普通洋葱的营养品质进行对比分析,为分蘖洋葱营养价值的进一步研究提供科学依据。【方法】测定紫皮和黄皮普通洋葱及褐皮和黄皮分蘖洋葱不同部位的基本营养成分和特殊风味物质含量,比较种类和品种间各营养成分含量的差异。【结果】分蘖洋葱干物质质量分数为9.37%~19.20%,可溶性糖含量为89.34~132.99mg/g,可溶性蛋白含量为1.54~2.46 mg/g,游离氨基酸含量为1.56~2.85μg/g,丙酮酸浓度为62.31~123.67μmol/mL,黄酮类化合物含量为2 193.4~2 648.2mg/kg;基本营养成分和丙酮酸含量均为内层鳞茎高于外层鳞茎,黄酮类化合物含量为外层鳞茎高于内层鳞茎;褐皮分蘖洋葱除可溶性糖和黄酮类化合物外,其他营养物质含量均低于黄皮分蘖洋葱。【结论】分蘖洋葱基本营养成分和特殊风味物质含量均显著高于普通洋葱;相同类型不同皮色间在营养成分含量上存在差异,且不同成分间的差异性不同;从各种营养物质的分布看,除黄酮类化合物外均表现为内层鳞茎高于外层鳞茎。

洋葱籽化学成分的研究

目的:研究了洋葱籽(The seeds ofAllium cepaL.)的化学成分。方法:运用硅胶柱色谱、大孔树脂HP-20、Sephadex LH-20、反相C-18柱层析进行分离纯化。结果:从洋葱籽乙醇提取物中分离得到了7个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱分析分别鉴定为天师酸(Ⅰ),N-trans-feruloyl tyramine(Ⅱ),β-sitosterol-3β-glucopyranoside-6’-palmi-tate(Ⅲ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅳ),胡萝卜苷(Ⅴ),色氨酸(Ⅵ),腺嘌呤核苷(Ⅶ)。结论:化合物Ⅴ~Ⅶ为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅰ~Ⅳ是首次从该属中分离得到。

分蘖葱头中新黄酮苷的结构鉴定

目的 研究百合科植物分蘖葱头 (AlliumcepaL .varagrogatumDon)鳞茎的黄酮类化学成分。 方法 利用SephadexLH 2 0柱色谱进行分离纯化。从分蘖葱头中分离得到 4个化合物 ,用IR ,UV ,MS ,1HNMR ,13CNMR ,1H 1HCOSY ,1H 13CCOSY和HMBC等光谱鉴定化合物。结果 经光谱鉴定化合物结构为 :槲皮素 3′ 甲氧基 4′ O β D 葡吡喃糖苷 (I)、山奈酚 (II)、槲皮素 4′ O β D 葡吡喃糖苷 (III)和槲皮素 3 ,4′ 二 O β D 葡吡喃糖苷 (IV)。结论 化合物I为新的黄酮苷类化合物 ,命名为分蘖葱头苷甲 (AlliumosideA) ;II ,III和IV为首次从该植物中分得。