Rational inter-industry allocation of environmental responsibilities has great significance to instituting effective policies on industrial environment and transforming the pattern of economic development. From the pe...Rational inter-industry allocation of environmental responsibilities has great significance to instituting effective policies on industrial environment and transforming the pattern of economic development. From the perspective of economic benefit and industrial linkage, this paper discusses the issue of inter-industry allocation of environmental responsibilities. Based on input-output model and three responsibility principles (producer responsibility, consumer responsibility and shared responsibility), this paper develops seven industrial environmental responsibility indicators and conducts an empirical analysis on the S02 emission responsibilities at China's industry level. Results indicate that all these indicators can avoid the double calculation of environmental responsibilities and results using different indicators have significant differences. Some industries such as power, heat production and supply may have little difference of the relative ranking of environmental responsibility under different indicators, but the magnitude of specific assumed responsibilities may have significant changes. Environmental responsibilities of some other industries (such as construction) may seem not important under certain indicators but can be among the most significant under some other indicators. More importantly, despite close connections between these indicators, they reflect different mechanisms of environmental responsibility allocation and have totally different policy significance.展开更多
This paper is an attempt to work out a compromise allocation to construct combined ratio estimates under multivariate double sampling design in presence of non-response when the population mean of the auxiliary variab...This paper is an attempt to work out a compromise allocation to construct combined ratio estimates under multivariate double sampling design in presence of non-response when the population mean of the auxiliary variable is unknown. The problem has been formulated as a multi-objective integer non-linear programming problem. Two solution procedures are developed using goal programming and fuzzy programming techniques. A numerical example is also worked out to illustrate the computational details. A comparison of the two methods is also carried out.展开更多
To address the issues of limited demand response data,low generalization of demand response potential evaluation,and poor demand response effect,the article proposes a demand response potential feature extraction and ...To address the issues of limited demand response data,low generalization of demand response potential evaluation,and poor demand response effect,the article proposes a demand response potential feature extraction and prediction model based on data mining and a demand response potential assessment model for adjustable loads in demand response scenarios based on subjective and objective weight analysis.Firstly,based on the demand response process and demand response behavior,obtain demand response characteristics that characterize the process and behavior.Secondly,establish a feature extraction and prediction model based on data mining,including similar day clustering,time series decomposition,redundancy processing,and data prediction.The predicted values of each demand response feature on the response day are obtained.Thirdly,the predicted data of various characteristics on the response day are used as demand response potential evaluation indicators to represent different demand response scenarios and adjustable loads,and a demand response potential evaluation model based on subjective and objective weight allocation is established to calculate the demand response potential of different adjustable loads in different demand response scenarios.Finally,the effectiveness of the method proposed in the article is verified through examples,providing a reference for load aggregators to formulate demand response schemes.展开更多
In this paper, the problem of non-response with significant travel costs in multivariate stratified sample surveys has been formulated of as a Multi-Objective Geometric Programming Problem (MOGPP). The fuzzy programmi...In this paper, the problem of non-response with significant travel costs in multivariate stratified sample surveys has been formulated of as a Multi-Objective Geometric Programming Problem (MOGPP). The fuzzy programming approach has been described for solving the formulated MOGPP. The formulated MOGPP has been solved with the help of LINGO Software and the dual solution is obtained. The optimum allocations of sample sizes of respondents and non respondents are obtained with the help of dual solutions and primal-dual relationship theorem. A numerical example is given to illustrate the procedure.展开更多
在双碳目标的背景下,公平分摊电力系统各参与主体碳责任,对实现电力系统低碳发展具有重要意义。从价值和收益对等原则考虑,不管所处电网位置如何,只要对于全社会碳减排有贡献就应该根据其贡献程度进行奖励,因此,该文提出一种“位置公平...在双碳目标的背景下,公平分摊电力系统各参与主体碳责任,对实现电力系统低碳发展具有重要意义。从价值和收益对等原则考虑,不管所处电网位置如何,只要对于全社会碳减排有贡献就应该根据其贡献程度进行奖励,因此,该文提出一种“位置公平”的用户侧碳责任分摊方法。首先独立系统运营商(Independent System Operator,ISO)以发电成本最小化进行预出清,基于平均碳排放因子计算预出清各负荷碳责任,接着利用平均边际碳排放率对负荷侧碳责任进行调整核算,建立考虑碳责分摊的ISO-负荷侧需求响应双层优化模型。通过算例分析与碳流理论碳责任分摊方法进行对比,结果显示所提方法能够在需求响应前后公平合理地计量各节点负荷碳排放责任,有效促进电力系统源荷互动减碳,降低整体碳排放,验证了所提方法的有效性与优越性。展开更多
Demand response, the reactive power output of distributed generation(DG), and network reconfiguration have significant impacts on a DG allocation strategy. In this context, a novel real-time price-based demand respons...Demand response, the reactive power output of distributed generation(DG), and network reconfiguration have significant impacts on a DG allocation strategy. In this context, a novel real-time price-based demand response formulation is integrated into the allocation model of DG. The tariff is regulated by the difference between the load and active power of renewable energy. Meanwhile, network reconfiguration and the capacity curve describing the active and reactive power limits of DG are included in the optimization model for promoting the allocation of DG.With these measures, the optimal allocation model of DG is established with the goal of maximizing the net annual profit while guaranteeing the efficient utilization of renewable energy. In addition, the uncertainties of renewable energy are considered on the basis of a two-stage robust optimization method. Finally, the entire optimization model is solved by the column and constraint generation algorithm in the IEEE 33-bus distribution system and a practical 99-bus distribution system. Numerical simulations show that the proposed model is effective in terms of improving both the usage of renewable energy and net annual profit.展开更多
近年来,医疗机构陆续建立以公益性为导向的绩效分配制度,充分利用以资源为基础的相对价值比率(resource-based relative value scale,RBRVS)等方法和经验,将技术水平、疑难系数、工作质量、患者满意度等作为绩效分配重点考核指标,使医...近年来,医疗机构陆续建立以公益性为导向的绩效分配制度,充分利用以资源为基础的相对价值比率(resource-based relative value scale,RBRVS)等方法和经验,将技术水平、疑难系数、工作质量、患者满意度等作为绩效分配重点考核指标,使医务人员收入真正体现劳动价值和技术价值,实现优绩优酬。口腔专科医院具有“大门诊小病房”特色,口腔患者更需要一个团队为其提供优质、有效的个体化综合性治疗方案。文章以口腔正畸学科为例,重点分析某口腔医院在实行绩效二次分配过程中遇到的痛点及难点,旨在多维度探讨主诊医师负责制在口腔专科医院的应用,加快推进绩效核算在二次分配层面的落实,提升工作积极性,实现医务人员及患者的“双满意”。展开更多
文摘Rational inter-industry allocation of environmental responsibilities has great significance to instituting effective policies on industrial environment and transforming the pattern of economic development. From the perspective of economic benefit and industrial linkage, this paper discusses the issue of inter-industry allocation of environmental responsibilities. Based on input-output model and three responsibility principles (producer responsibility, consumer responsibility and shared responsibility), this paper develops seven industrial environmental responsibility indicators and conducts an empirical analysis on the S02 emission responsibilities at China's industry level. Results indicate that all these indicators can avoid the double calculation of environmental responsibilities and results using different indicators have significant differences. Some industries such as power, heat production and supply may have little difference of the relative ranking of environmental responsibility under different indicators, but the magnitude of specific assumed responsibilities may have significant changes. Environmental responsibilities of some other industries (such as construction) may seem not important under certain indicators but can be among the most significant under some other indicators. More importantly, despite close connections between these indicators, they reflect different mechanisms of environmental responsibility allocation and have totally different policy significance.
文摘This paper is an attempt to work out a compromise allocation to construct combined ratio estimates under multivariate double sampling design in presence of non-response when the population mean of the auxiliary variable is unknown. The problem has been formulated as a multi-objective integer non-linear programming problem. Two solution procedures are developed using goal programming and fuzzy programming techniques. A numerical example is also worked out to illustrate the computational details. A comparison of the two methods is also carried out.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Fund,Research on Security Low Carbon Collaborative Situation Awareness of Comprehensive Energy System from the Perspective of Dynamic Security Domain(52307130).
文摘To address the issues of limited demand response data,low generalization of demand response potential evaluation,and poor demand response effect,the article proposes a demand response potential feature extraction and prediction model based on data mining and a demand response potential assessment model for adjustable loads in demand response scenarios based on subjective and objective weight analysis.Firstly,based on the demand response process and demand response behavior,obtain demand response characteristics that characterize the process and behavior.Secondly,establish a feature extraction and prediction model based on data mining,including similar day clustering,time series decomposition,redundancy processing,and data prediction.The predicted values of each demand response feature on the response day are obtained.Thirdly,the predicted data of various characteristics on the response day are used as demand response potential evaluation indicators to represent different demand response scenarios and adjustable loads,and a demand response potential evaluation model based on subjective and objective weight allocation is established to calculate the demand response potential of different adjustable loads in different demand response scenarios.Finally,the effectiveness of the method proposed in the article is verified through examples,providing a reference for load aggregators to formulate demand response schemes.
文摘In this paper, the problem of non-response with significant travel costs in multivariate stratified sample surveys has been formulated of as a Multi-Objective Geometric Programming Problem (MOGPP). The fuzzy programming approach has been described for solving the formulated MOGPP. The formulated MOGPP has been solved with the help of LINGO Software and the dual solution is obtained. The optimum allocations of sample sizes of respondents and non respondents are obtained with the help of dual solutions and primal-dual relationship theorem. A numerical example is given to illustrate the procedure.
文摘在双碳目标的背景下,公平分摊电力系统各参与主体碳责任,对实现电力系统低碳发展具有重要意义。从价值和收益对等原则考虑,不管所处电网位置如何,只要对于全社会碳减排有贡献就应该根据其贡献程度进行奖励,因此,该文提出一种“位置公平”的用户侧碳责任分摊方法。首先独立系统运营商(Independent System Operator,ISO)以发电成本最小化进行预出清,基于平均碳排放因子计算预出清各负荷碳责任,接着利用平均边际碳排放率对负荷侧碳责任进行调整核算,建立考虑碳责分摊的ISO-负荷侧需求响应双层优化模型。通过算例分析与碳流理论碳责任分摊方法进行对比,结果显示所提方法能够在需求响应前后公平合理地计量各节点负荷碳排放责任,有效促进电力系统源荷互动减碳,降低整体碳排放,验证了所提方法的有效性与优越性。
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2019YFE0111500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 51807125)Sichuan Science and Technology Program (No.2020YFH0040)。
文摘Demand response, the reactive power output of distributed generation(DG), and network reconfiguration have significant impacts on a DG allocation strategy. In this context, a novel real-time price-based demand response formulation is integrated into the allocation model of DG. The tariff is regulated by the difference between the load and active power of renewable energy. Meanwhile, network reconfiguration and the capacity curve describing the active and reactive power limits of DG are included in the optimization model for promoting the allocation of DG.With these measures, the optimal allocation model of DG is established with the goal of maximizing the net annual profit while guaranteeing the efficient utilization of renewable energy. In addition, the uncertainties of renewable energy are considered on the basis of a two-stage robust optimization method. Finally, the entire optimization model is solved by the column and constraint generation algorithm in the IEEE 33-bus distribution system and a practical 99-bus distribution system. Numerical simulations show that the proposed model is effective in terms of improving both the usage of renewable energy and net annual profit.
文摘近年来,医疗机构陆续建立以公益性为导向的绩效分配制度,充分利用以资源为基础的相对价值比率(resource-based relative value scale,RBRVS)等方法和经验,将技术水平、疑难系数、工作质量、患者满意度等作为绩效分配重点考核指标,使医务人员收入真正体现劳动价值和技术价值,实现优绩优酬。口腔专科医院具有“大门诊小病房”特色,口腔患者更需要一个团队为其提供优质、有效的个体化综合性治疗方案。文章以口腔正畸学科为例,重点分析某口腔医院在实行绩效二次分配过程中遇到的痛点及难点,旨在多维度探讨主诊医师负责制在口腔专科医院的应用,加快推进绩效核算在二次分配层面的落实,提升工作积极性,实现医务人员及患者的“双满意”。