[Objective] The paper was to study the occurrence rule of Pistacia vera leaf brown spot and the biological characteristics of its pathogen.[Method] The occurrence rule of P.vera leaf brown spot was investigated in fie...[Objective] The paper was to study the occurrence rule of Pistacia vera leaf brown spot and the biological characteristics of its pathogen.[Method] The occurrence rule of P.vera leaf brown spot was investigated in field.A fungus was isolated and purified from the diseased tissue of P.vera,its cultural trait and morphological characteristics were observed in indoor experiment,and the classification status was identified according to its morphology.The effects of different temperatures on mycelial growth of the pathogen,as well as the effects of different temperatures and humidity on spore germination of the pathogen were also studied.[Result] P.vera leaf brown spot was a fungal disease,which mainly infected the leaves and fruits of P.vera,causing leaf spot and blight.The disease had serious incidence in introduction place of P.vera in China.The fungal disease was identified to be Alternaria alternaria,the appropriate temperature for mycelial growth was 20-25 ℃,the appropriate temperature for spore germination was 25-30 ℃,and the appropriate relative humidity was over 95%.[Conclusion] Late spring and early summer,as well as late summer and early autumn are two peak periods for incidence of the disease,continuous rain in summer is the decisive condition for the infection and outbreak of P.vera leaf brown spot.展开更多
柑橘链格孢褐斑病(Alternaria brown spot,ABS)是新近在我国局部地区新发现的病害,主要为害宽皮柑橘及某些杂交种柑橘,引起落叶、落果和枯梢,不仅影响产量,还影响果实的销售,造成严重损失,并且病害呈逐渐扩散和加重的趋势。药剂防治是...柑橘链格孢褐斑病(Alternaria brown spot,ABS)是新近在我国局部地区新发现的病害,主要为害宽皮柑橘及某些杂交种柑橘,引起落叶、落果和枯梢,不仅影响产量,还影响果实的销售,造成严重损失,并且病害呈逐渐扩散和加重的趋势。药剂防治是目前防治ABS的最有效措施,然而目前尚无药剂被登记用于该病害的防治。本研究以来自我国各褐斑病发生区的54个代表菌株构成一个群体,应用刃天青(resazurin,RZ)显色法测定病菌群体对新烟酰胺类杀菌剂啶酰菌胺、氟酰胺和噻氟酰胺,以及吡啶类杀菌剂氟啶胺的敏感性。结果表明,该病菌种群孢子萌发对啶酰菌胺、氟酰胺、噻氟酰胺和氟啶胺而言都是野生的敏感群体,尚未发现抗药性菌株,平均EC50值分别为0.467 7μg/mL、0.010 3μg/mL、0.061 9μg/mL和0.010 0μg/mL。广东和浙江菌株对啶酰菌胺较不敏感,重庆菌株对噻氟酰胺更敏感,而对氟酰胺和氟啶胺的敏感性则与菌株的地理来源无关。柑橘褐斑病菌种群对这4种杀菌剂敏感性的确定,可为选择药剂防治ABS提供依据,并为这些药剂推广后的抗药性监测提供基础研究。展开更多
基金Supported by "948" Projects of State Forestry Administration "Introduction of Fine Varieties and Cultivation and Management Techniques of Pistacia vera" (96-4-71-02)~~
文摘[Objective] The paper was to study the occurrence rule of Pistacia vera leaf brown spot and the biological characteristics of its pathogen.[Method] The occurrence rule of P.vera leaf brown spot was investigated in field.A fungus was isolated and purified from the diseased tissue of P.vera,its cultural trait and morphological characteristics were observed in indoor experiment,and the classification status was identified according to its morphology.The effects of different temperatures on mycelial growth of the pathogen,as well as the effects of different temperatures and humidity on spore germination of the pathogen were also studied.[Result] P.vera leaf brown spot was a fungal disease,which mainly infected the leaves and fruits of P.vera,causing leaf spot and blight.The disease had serious incidence in introduction place of P.vera in China.The fungal disease was identified to be Alternaria alternaria,the appropriate temperature for mycelial growth was 20-25 ℃,the appropriate temperature for spore germination was 25-30 ℃,and the appropriate relative humidity was over 95%.[Conclusion] Late spring and early summer,as well as late summer and early autumn are two peak periods for incidence of the disease,continuous rain in summer is the decisive condition for the infection and outbreak of P.vera leaf brown spot.
