[Objective] The study aimed to study the antifungal activity of biocontrol strains against Alternaria mali,colonization ability in apple leaves and the impact of some chemical fungicides on biocontrol strains were als...[Objective] The study aimed to study the antifungal activity of biocontrol strains against Alternaria mali,colonization ability in apple leaves and the impact of some chemical fungicides on biocontrol strains were also studied.[Method] Healthy leaves of Matsumotokin were collected to conduct vitro leaf test,colonization test and influence test of different fungicides on biocontrol strains.[Result] Vitro leaf test showed that B.subtilis BS-315 had strong inhibition effect on A.mali,when biocontrol strain was daubed on leaves,and pathogen was inoculated after 1 d,the inhibition effect of BS-315 against A.mali was over 90% after 3 d.BS-315 could colonize in leaves of Matsumotokin,colonization volume reached the maximum after inoculation for 3 d.Azoxystrobin and polyoxin had certain promoting effect on the growth of BS-315,while carbendazim and propiconazole completely inhibited the growth of BS-315.[Conclusion] This study would provide theoretical basis for development and rational utilization of biocontrol preparations.展开更多
【目的】减弱苹果斑点落叶病菌Alternaria mali Roberts强毒菌株致病力,以期为有效防治该病害的发生提供理论依据.【方法】采用紫外及微波辐射两种方法对Alternaria mali Roberts进行诱变,研究其致病力的变化.【结果】紫外辐射剂量、辐...【目的】减弱苹果斑点落叶病菌Alternaria mali Roberts强毒菌株致病力,以期为有效防治该病害的发生提供理论依据.【方法】采用紫外及微波辐射两种方法对Alternaria mali Roberts进行诱变,研究其致病力的变化.【结果】紫外辐射剂量、辐射距离和时长分别为10 W、10cm、5min时,可引起A.mali强毒菌株的负突变,致病力减小,6h后孢子萌发率为58.45%,4d后生物学活性显著低于原始菌株(P<0.05),其中产孢量为2×104个/mL,菌丝生长量为152.67mg,菌落直径为3.67cm,7d后发病率38.50%,病情指数为10.32;微波辐射60s,A.mali强毒菌株达到最低生物学活性(P<0.05),6h后孢子萌发率仅为1.83%,4d后产孢量为4×104个/mL,菌丝生长量为139.30mg,菌落直径为3.83cm,7d后发病率为31.94%,病情指数仅为7.87.【结论】紫外辐射可使Alternaria mali强毒菌株发生负突变,微波辐射可使Alternaria mali强毒菌株致病力减弱.展开更多
采用喷雾接种的方法测定了不同浓度的水杨酸和壳聚糖对苹果斑点落叶病菌(Alternaria mali Roberts)的室内抑菌作用、诱导抗病效果及诱导苹果叶片后各种抗病性物质含量的变化。结果表明,不同浓度的水杨酸和壳聚糖对A.mali均无明显的抑制...采用喷雾接种的方法测定了不同浓度的水杨酸和壳聚糖对苹果斑点落叶病菌(Alternaria mali Roberts)的室内抑菌作用、诱导抗病效果及诱导苹果叶片后各种抗病性物质含量的变化。结果表明,不同浓度的水杨酸和壳聚糖对A.mali均无明显的抑制作用,其中100μg/mL的水杨酸和500μg/mL的壳聚糖对A.mali的抑制率较低,仅为5.33%和4.73%,但诱导抗病效果较显著,分别达到70.90%和77.77%。两种药剂诱导叶片后,叶片中POD、PAL活性以及木质素积累量明显高于对照,且随时间的增长,POD和PAL酶活性先升高后降低,在第3天,POD和PAL酶活性均达到峰值;而壳聚糖诱导后PPO活性随时间的增长呈升高的趋势,但水杨酸对PPO酶活性变化的影响较小。展开更多
为了研究球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)对果树病原真菌的抑菌活性,在实验室条件下,测定了球孢白僵菌BD-B180菌株对苹果腐烂病菌(Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada)、苹果轮纹病菌(Physalospora piricola Nose)、苹果斑点落叶病菌(Alternar...为了研究球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)对果树病原真菌的抑菌活性,在实验室条件下,测定了球孢白僵菌BD-B180菌株对苹果腐烂病菌(Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada)、苹果轮纹病菌(Physalospora piricola Nose)、苹果斑点落叶病菌(Alternaria mali Roberts)3种苹果病原菌的抑制作用。结果表明,对峙培养中,球孢白僵菌BD-B180对3种病原菌均有抑制作用,其中,对苹果斑点落叶病菌的抑制效果最好,其次为苹果轮纹病菌和苹果腐烂病菌,最高抑制率分别为45.08%、41.35%和39.74%。在加入BD-B180孢子悬浮液的PDA培养基上接种苹果病原真菌,3种真菌菌丝生长均受到不同程度的抑制,抑制程度随孢子浓度的增加而增强。当孢子悬浮液浓度为2.49×107cfu/m L时,对苹果轮纹病菌的抑菌效果最佳,最高抑制率达90.81%,对苹果斑点落叶病菌和苹果腐烂病菌的最高抑制率分别为77.14%和52.78%。BD-B180发酵液的抑菌效果随着发酵天数的增加而增强,振荡培养20 d的发酵液对苹果轮纹病菌、苹果斑点落叶病菌和苹果腐烂病菌的最高抑制率分别为59.76%、66.42%和68.33%。说明利用球孢白僵菌开发抗果树病原菌活性物质具有较大的潜力。展开更多
基金Supported by State Apple Industry Technology System ProjectDepartment of Education Research Projects in Hebei Province(2006432)~~
文摘[Objective] The study aimed to study the antifungal activity of biocontrol strains against Alternaria mali,colonization ability in apple leaves and the impact of some chemical fungicides on biocontrol strains were also studied.[Method] Healthy leaves of Matsumotokin were collected to conduct vitro leaf test,colonization test and influence test of different fungicides on biocontrol strains.[Result] Vitro leaf test showed that B.subtilis BS-315 had strong inhibition effect on A.mali,when biocontrol strain was daubed on leaves,and pathogen was inoculated after 1 d,the inhibition effect of BS-315 against A.mali was over 90% after 3 d.BS-315 could colonize in leaves of Matsumotokin,colonization volume reached the maximum after inoculation for 3 d.Azoxystrobin and polyoxin had certain promoting effect on the growth of BS-315,while carbendazim and propiconazole completely inhibited the growth of BS-315.[Conclusion] This study would provide theoretical basis for development and rational utilization of biocontrol preparations.
文摘【目的】减弱苹果斑点落叶病菌Alternaria mali Roberts强毒菌株致病力,以期为有效防治该病害的发生提供理论依据.【方法】采用紫外及微波辐射两种方法对Alternaria mali Roberts进行诱变,研究其致病力的变化.【结果】紫外辐射剂量、辐射距离和时长分别为10 W、10cm、5min时,可引起A.mali强毒菌株的负突变,致病力减小,6h后孢子萌发率为58.45%,4d后生物学活性显著低于原始菌株(P<0.05),其中产孢量为2×104个/mL,菌丝生长量为152.67mg,菌落直径为3.67cm,7d后发病率38.50%,病情指数为10.32;微波辐射60s,A.mali强毒菌株达到最低生物学活性(P<0.05),6h后孢子萌发率仅为1.83%,4d后产孢量为4×104个/mL,菌丝生长量为139.30mg,菌落直径为3.83cm,7d后发病率为31.94%,病情指数仅为7.87.【结论】紫外辐射可使Alternaria mali强毒菌株发生负突变,微波辐射可使Alternaria mali强毒菌株致病力减弱.
文摘采用喷雾接种的方法测定了不同浓度的水杨酸和壳聚糖对苹果斑点落叶病菌(Alternaria mali Roberts)的室内抑菌作用、诱导抗病效果及诱导苹果叶片后各种抗病性物质含量的变化。结果表明,不同浓度的水杨酸和壳聚糖对A.mali均无明显的抑制作用,其中100μg/mL的水杨酸和500μg/mL的壳聚糖对A.mali的抑制率较低,仅为5.33%和4.73%,但诱导抗病效果较显著,分别达到70.90%和77.77%。两种药剂诱导叶片后,叶片中POD、PAL活性以及木质素积累量明显高于对照,且随时间的增长,POD和PAL酶活性先升高后降低,在第3天,POD和PAL酶活性均达到峰值;而壳聚糖诱导后PPO活性随时间的增长呈升高的趋势,但水杨酸对PPO酶活性变化的影响较小。
文摘为了研究球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)对果树病原真菌的抑菌活性,在实验室条件下,测定了球孢白僵菌BD-B180菌株对苹果腐烂病菌(Valsa mali Miyabe et Yamada)、苹果轮纹病菌(Physalospora piricola Nose)、苹果斑点落叶病菌(Alternaria mali Roberts)3种苹果病原菌的抑制作用。结果表明,对峙培养中,球孢白僵菌BD-B180对3种病原菌均有抑制作用,其中,对苹果斑点落叶病菌的抑制效果最好,其次为苹果轮纹病菌和苹果腐烂病菌,最高抑制率分别为45.08%、41.35%和39.74%。在加入BD-B180孢子悬浮液的PDA培养基上接种苹果病原真菌,3种真菌菌丝生长均受到不同程度的抑制,抑制程度随孢子浓度的增加而增强。当孢子悬浮液浓度为2.49×107cfu/m L时,对苹果轮纹病菌的抑菌效果最佳,最高抑制率达90.81%,对苹果斑点落叶病菌和苹果腐烂病菌的最高抑制率分别为77.14%和52.78%。BD-B180发酵液的抑菌效果随着发酵天数的增加而增强,振荡培养20 d的发酵液对苹果轮纹病菌、苹果斑点落叶病菌和苹果腐烂病菌的最高抑制率分别为59.76%、66.42%和68.33%。说明利用球孢白僵菌开发抗果树病原菌活性物质具有较大的潜力。
