Sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)is an important oilseed crop in China and is grown in rotation with potato in the northern parts of China,including Inner Mongolia,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Gansu,Jilin,Liaoning and Heilongji...Sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)is an important oilseed crop in China and is grown in rotation with potato in the northern parts of China,including Inner Mongolia,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Gansu,Jilin,Liaoning and Heilongjiang provinces.In 2014,diseased samples of sunflower(variety 3638C)with black sunken lesions on bracts and stems of sunflower were collected in Wuchuan,Hohhot(41°50′N,111°27′E)and Chahaeryouyihouqi,Wulanchabu(41°52′N,113°0′E),Inner Mongolia,China.We used morphological and molecular techniques to identify the causal agent of Alternaria leaf blight.Phylogenetic analysis based on a combined phylogenetic dataset using the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(gpd)and Alternaria major allergen gene(Alt a1)was done to support the morphological identification.In addition,PCR was performed with specific primers targeted on Alt a1 and calmodulin genes of A.solani and A.tomatophila.The results showed that HaAs7 gave an amplicon of the expected size(164 bp)with A.solani-specific primers,however,no band was observed with the A.tomatophilaspecific primers.The opposite pattern of PCR result(483 bp)was obtained with DNA of HaAt4 as template,indicating that HaAs7 is A.solani and HaAt4 is A.tomatophila.Furthermore,evaluation the pathogenicity of the recovered Alternaria isolates and their potential as causal agents of Alternaria leaf blight of sunflower was done.Pathogenicity tests showed that A.solani and A.tomatophila tested could be capable of causing Alternaria leaf blight of sunflower.Till now,nine species of Alternaria have been reported causing Alternaria leaf blight of sunflower,this is the first report that A.solani and A.tomatophila as causal pathogens for Alternaria leaf blight on sunflower.展开更多
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) early blight, caused by Alternaria solani is one of the most destructive fungal foliar diseases. This research was done in order to study methods comparison of evaluation by culture filtrate...Potato (Solanum tuberosum) early blight, caused by Alternaria solani is one of the most destructive fungal foliar diseases. This research was done in order to study methods comparison of evaluation by culture filtrate of A. solani in in vitro condition for selecting resistance cultivars to early blight. Plantlets of potato viruse free were obtained from the National plant gene bank of Iran, and were inoculated in vitro methods with a culture filtrate of A. solani. In in vitro selection by droplet of culture filtrate method, leaflet received a 10 μl droplet of the A. solani culture filtrate and in in vitro selection by direct using of culture filtrate method, plantlets were placed in test tubes that include 5 μl A. solani culture filtrate. The experimental design was factorial on basis of completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, three replications and six genotypes. During droplet method assay, the A. solani symptoms appeared 1 - 2 days until 6 days and during direct method they appeared 2 - 3 days until 6 days. The AUDPC values were submitted to the analysis of varience (ANOVA) and AUDPC means were compared by using Duncan test (α = 0.01%). In each method, significant difference among potato cultivars was observed for disease to early blight (p < 0.01). Results show that casmos cultivar is susceptible for resistance to early blight and in vitro methods experiment had the same result.展开更多
基金This work was funded by the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-14)Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest No.201503109the Science and Technology Application Projects(201803048).
文摘Sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.)is an important oilseed crop in China and is grown in rotation with potato in the northern parts of China,including Inner Mongolia,Hebei,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Gansu,Jilin,Liaoning and Heilongjiang provinces.In 2014,diseased samples of sunflower(variety 3638C)with black sunken lesions on bracts and stems of sunflower were collected in Wuchuan,Hohhot(41°50′N,111°27′E)and Chahaeryouyihouqi,Wulanchabu(41°52′N,113°0′E),Inner Mongolia,China.We used morphological and molecular techniques to identify the causal agent of Alternaria leaf blight.Phylogenetic analysis based on a combined phylogenetic dataset using the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(gpd)and Alternaria major allergen gene(Alt a1)was done to support the morphological identification.In addition,PCR was performed with specific primers targeted on Alt a1 and calmodulin genes of A.solani and A.tomatophila.The results showed that HaAs7 gave an amplicon of the expected size(164 bp)with A.solani-specific primers,however,no band was observed with the A.tomatophilaspecific primers.The opposite pattern of PCR result(483 bp)was obtained with DNA of HaAt4 as template,indicating that HaAs7 is A.solani and HaAt4 is A.tomatophila.Furthermore,evaluation the pathogenicity of the recovered Alternaria isolates and their potential as causal agents of Alternaria leaf blight of sunflower was done.Pathogenicity tests showed that A.solani and A.tomatophila tested could be capable of causing Alternaria leaf blight of sunflower.Till now,nine species of Alternaria have been reported causing Alternaria leaf blight of sunflower,this is the first report that A.solani and A.tomatophila as causal pathogens for Alternaria leaf blight on sunflower.
基金Supported by Priority Theme of Great Agriculture Project of Zhejiang Science and Technology Office (2010C12001)Social Development Project of Public Technology Research of Zhejiang Science and Technology Office (2011C23065)Students Science and Technology Innovation Activity of Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University (201100313)
文摘Potato (Solanum tuberosum) early blight, caused by Alternaria solani is one of the most destructive fungal foliar diseases. This research was done in order to study methods comparison of evaluation by culture filtrate of A. solani in in vitro condition for selecting resistance cultivars to early blight. Plantlets of potato viruse free were obtained from the National plant gene bank of Iran, and were inoculated in vitro methods with a culture filtrate of A. solani. In in vitro selection by droplet of culture filtrate method, leaflet received a 10 μl droplet of the A. solani culture filtrate and in in vitro selection by direct using of culture filtrate method, plantlets were placed in test tubes that include 5 μl A. solani culture filtrate. The experimental design was factorial on basis of completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, three replications and six genotypes. During droplet method assay, the A. solani symptoms appeared 1 - 2 days until 6 days and during direct method they appeared 2 - 3 days until 6 days. The AUDPC values were submitted to the analysis of varience (ANOVA) and AUDPC means were compared by using Duncan test (α = 0.01%). In each method, significant difference among potato cultivars was observed for disease to early blight (p < 0.01). Results show that casmos cultivar is susceptible for resistance to early blight and in vitro methods experiment had the same result.
