Early Quality Life Impairment in Alzheimer Disease’s Patients in Geriatric Department: About 214 Cases in Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital of Paris (France)

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease causing an alteration of life quality in the terminal stage. The purpose was to report 14 years of experience about the early impact on the quality of life of patients with AD. Methodology: Descriptive retrospective study over 14 years in the geriatric department of Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital, using the activity of daily living, Instrumental activity of daily living, neuropsychological inventory and Hoen Yahr scale evaluated at the time of diagnosis of AD according to the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer Disease’s and Related Disorders Association diagnostic criteria. Results: A total of 214 exploitable files had been listed. At the moment of diagnosis, the mean age was 82.1 years with extremes 68 to 95 with sex ratio 1.6 in women’s favor. The mean socio-cultural level was 4.9 with extremes about 0 to 7. There was poly pathology with a mean Cumulative Illness Rate Scale = 4.6 with extremes 0 to 16. the mean cognitive status was moderate = 22.5 with extremes 0 to 30. Quality life showed moderate impairment of IADL = 9.2 with extreme 3 to 11 compared to activity of daily living. The activity of daily living was more affected in 68 - 80-year-olds, while poly pathology impacted more on IADL in men. The cognitive impairment was more deficient in IADL when the MMSE test was low. The common disorders at the NPI were psychological, behavioral and psychotic. Conclusion: At the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease cognitive deficiencies were predominant and influenced on global Instrumental activity and psychological, behavioral disorders.

Partial improvement in performance of patients with severe Alzheimer's disease at an early stage of fornix deep brain stimulation

Deep brain stimulation is a therapy for Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） that has previously been used for mainly mild to moderate cases. This study provides the first evidence of early alterations in performance induced by stimulation targeted at the fornix in severe AD patients. The performance of the five cases enrolled in this study was scored with specialized assessments including the Mini-Mental State Examination and Clinical Dementia Rating, both before and at an early stage after deep brain stimulation. The burden of caregivers was also evaluated using the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview. As a whole, the cognitive performance of patients remained stable or improved to varying degrees, and caregiver burden was decreased. Individually, an improved mental state or social performance was observed in three patients, and one of these three patients showed remarkable improvement in long-term memory. The conditions of another patient deteriorated because of inappropriate antipsychotic medications that were administered by his caregivers. Taken together, deep brain stimulation was capable of improving some cognitive aspects in patients with severe AD, and of ameliorating their emotional and social performance, at least at an early stage. However, long-term effects induced by deep brain stimulation in patients with severe AD need to be further validated. More research should focus on clarifying the mechanism of deep brain stimulation. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT03115814） on April 14, 2017.

Advancing early diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease: A call for enhanced efforts

The diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)is complicated by its nonspecific clinical presentation and the limited accuracy of existing biomarker tests,frequently resulting in significant delays from the time of symptom onset to the achievement of a definitive diagnosis.Thus,improving the early identification of IBD remains a crucial focus for gastroenterologists.Blüthner et al innovatively utilized medical data from German IBD patients to investigate risk factors contri-buting to these diagnostic delays.However,certain methodological limitations in the study have impacted data extraction and interpretation,underscoring the need for more comprehensive analyses to validate these findings.

Biomarkers for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: The challenge of XXI century

AD is the most common form of dementia among the aging population. The neuropathological alterations of AD are represented by the neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloid plaques formation. These two hallmarks are routinely used as biomarkers for AD diagnosis and can allow the identification of the pathology in a late phase. The urgent need to develop probes for PET analysis that can be used in an early diagnosis of this disorder opened a new scenario in which new biomarkers involved in the first step of AD can be easily detected. Recently, an increasing number of studies indicated as new biomarkers P-gp, TLR4, MIR and free serum copper that are involved in the onset of AD. It has been extensively reported that a P-gp dysfunction in brain can be considered one of the causes of the ADaccumulation in brain parenchyma and that the up-regulation of inflammatory gene expression and inflammatory signaling due to MIR and TLR4 modulated the development and the progression of AD.

Early diagnostic value of carotid artery ultrasound parameters combined with epicardial adipose layer thickness in coronary heart disease

BACKGROUND Coronary heart disease is associated with coronary atherosclerosis indicated by carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT)thickening and altered vascular elasticity.The epicardial adipose layer can secrete proinflammatory factors that promote the formation of coronary atherosclerosis.Thus,the epicardial fat layer thickness(EAT)may also predict coronary heart disease.AIM To determine the role of common carotid artery ultrasound parameters and EAT in the early diagnosis of coronary artery disease.METHODS Based on coronary angiography,patients with newly suspected coronary heart disease were divided into case(n=107)and control(n=41)groups.The carotid ultrasound parameters,including vascular stiffness(β),elastic coefficient(EP),pulse wave conduction velocity(PWV-β),CIMT,and EAT were compared between the case and control groups and among patients with different lesion numbers in the case group.Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the early diagnostic value of EAT,common carotid artery elasticity,and CIMT for coronary heart disease.RESULTS EP,β,PWV-β,CIMT,and EAT were significantly higher in the case group compared with the levels in the control group(all P<0.001).In the case group,lesions were detected in one vessel in 34 patients,two vessels in 38 patients,and three vessels in 35 patients.Within the case group,β,EP,PWV-β,CIMT,and EAT levels significantly increased with an increased number of lesions(all P<0.001).EAT positively correlated withβ,EP,PWV-β,and CIMT(all P<0.01).The area under the curve for diagnosing coronary heart disease using EAT combined with CIMT and carotid elasticity was 0.893,and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.890 and 0.837.CONCLUSION EAT correlated well with changes in carotid artery elasticity and CIMT in patients with coronary heart disease.The combination of EAT,carotid artery elasticity,and CIMT facilitates the early diagnosis of coronary heart disease.

Correlation Analysis between Well-cellar Early Transplanting of Robust Seedlings and Diseases in Shiyan Tobacco-growing Area

[Objectives]The paper was to investigate the relationship between the well-cellar early transplanting of robust seedlings and the prevalence of diseases in the Shiyan tobacco-growing area.[Methods]The relationship between disease occurrence and meteorological factors during the field growth period was examined by analyzing the prevalence of flue-cured tobacco virus diseases,brown spot,and total disease in the Shiyan tobacco-growing area before(2013-2017)and after(2018-2022)the well-cellar early transplanting of robust tobacco seedlings.[Results]The implementation of a well-cellar early transplanting technique of robust seedlings resulted in a reduction in the average incidence of tobacco virus disease,brown spot,and total disease by 0.83%,8.85%,and 7.91%,respectively,in comparison to the incidence observed prior to early transplanting.These findings suggest that early transplanting can significantly reduce the incidence of flue-cured tobacco diseases.Prior to the well-cellar early transplanting of robust tobacco seedlings,there was a significant(including highly significant)positive correlation between the incidence of brown spot and total disease and precipitation in August and September.The incidence of brown spot and total disease in tobacco plants was found to be significantly positively correlated with May precipitation and significantly negatively correlated with May sunshine hours following the well-cellar early transplanting of robust seedlings.The advancement of the transplanting period by 20 d resulted in a reduction in the growing period of tobacco plants in the field under autumn rains(late August to November)in western China.This effectively circumvented the suitable conditions for disease occurrence and can reduce the incidence of disease.[Conclusions]This study offers a framework for enhancing the quality and efficiency of flue-cured tobacco production in the northwest tobacco-growing area of Hubei.

Histopathological Patterns and Early Postoperative Complications among Patients with Surgically Treated Thyroid Diseases at Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania

Background: Thyroid diseases are among the leading endocrine disorders affecting a large proportion of people worldwide and show geographical variation in incidence and histopathological pattern related to age, sex, dietary and environmental factors. Histopathological patterns of surgically treated thyroid diseases play an important role in early diagnosis and management of these diseases. There is, however, limited published data regarding histopathological reports on thyroid disease in our local setting. This study aimed to determine the histopathological patterns and highlight early postoperative complications among patients with surgically treated thyroid diseases at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC). Methods: This was a longitudinal study involving all patients with surgically treated thyroid diseases seen at BMC over a period of 6 months from October 2019 to March 2020. Results: A total of 84 patients were studied. Females outnumbered males by a female to male ratio of 11:1. The median age of patients was 44 [IQR, 35 - 54] years old, the youngest was 14 years old and the oldest was 76 years old. Colloid goiter was the most common non-neoplastic lesion accounting for 34 (44.7%) patients. Among the neoplastic lesions, follicular adenoma was the most commonly encountered benign pathologies (n = 16;21.1%), while papillary carcinoma was the most commonly encountered malignancy (n = 4;50%). Following thyroidectomy, 12 (14.3%) patients developed early complications, of which hemorrhage sometimes requiring blood transfusion was the leading intra/postoperative complications accounting for 4 (33.3%) patients. Other complications include temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy 2 (16.7%), surgical site infection 2 (16.7%) and tracheomalacia, bronchospasm, thyroid abscess and respiratory obstruction in 1 (8.3%) patient each, respectively. In this study, malignant thyroid lesion (p Conclusion: This study demonstrated that colloid goiter was the most common non-neoplastic lesion, and on the neoplastic category, follicular adenoma was the most common benign lesion, while papillary carcinoma was the most frequent malignant lesion.

Deficit of pursuit ocular movements in early Alzheimer's disease

Previous studies have demonstrated that advanced Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）patients have deficiency of eye movements.However,there have been no reports on eye movement in the early stages of AD.The aim of this study was to evaluate pursuit ocular movements（POM）provided by a vision-based non-intrusive eye tracker in patients with early AD.POM values were significantly lower in AD patients than in normal controls（P 〈 0.01）.In AD patients,POM values were not closely correlated with the Mini-Mental State Examination scores（P = 0.3）.There was no significant difference in POM values among patients treated with or without anticholinesterase therapy.We used a vision-based method,for non-intrusive eye tracking,which can be proposed as a possible tool for supporting the diagnosis of early AD.

Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease and Metabolic Dysfunction, a Comparative Review

Alzheimer’s disease is quickly becoming one of the most known diseases in the country due to its devastating effects and lack of treatment options. Within this lethal disease, there is a smaller group, those individuals that are diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. It is understood that these individuals see faster effects of the disease and die considerably sooner, but it is not understood why. This review compares the early-onset (EOAD) and late-onset (LOAD) types to try and determine some of the most blaring differences between the two. The genetic basis linking EOAD and LOAD has been the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) to indicate metabolic alteration with the &#949;4 allele specifically. The topographical atrophy disparities between EOAD and LOAD supported the more noticeable cognitive differences between the two Alzheimer’s disease categories. The faster and wider spread atrophy of EOAD patients correlates with the difficulty they experience with attention, language, visuo-spatial, and executive functions. Finally, brain metabolism differs between both AD subtypes as well, where EOAD indicates the wide spread damage and metabolic breakdown across more diverse regions of the brain.

Advances in Early Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease in the Aged

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is one of the leading causes of death in the aging population, and has become a serious public problem endangering the physical and mental health of the elderly. The disease not only affects the health of the elderly and the quality of life in their later years, but also brings heavy financial and emotional burden to the family and society. The specific mechanism of AD is still unclear, and the current treatments focus on improving mental function and slowing down memory loss. The early diagnosis of AD is difficult and there is no cure for it, so the early prevention is particularly important. This review will introduce the major treatment, potential risk factors and summarize the relevant research about early preventions of AD, such as regular physical sports, reasonable nutritional diet, certain social activities and so on, and expect to provide a new direction for the improvement of AD.

C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms and sporadic early-onset Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a genetically complex and heterogeneous disorder. Although the clinical manifestations and the pathological features have been well elucidated, a clear etiology of AD is still unknown to this day. In the past few decades, investigations have elucidated that both the genetic and the environmental factors are capable of causing the development of AD. We report a patient with clinically diagnosed earlyonset Alzheimer's disease, age of onset 45 years. Genetic analysis revealed two MTHFR heterozygous polymorphisms C677T and A1298C.

Glutamate receptor delocalization in postsynaptic membrane and reduced hippocampal synaptic plasticity in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease

Mounting evidence suggests that synaptic plasticity provides the cellular biological basis of learning and memory, and plasticity deficits play a key role in dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease. However, the mechanisms by which synaptic dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease remain unclear. In the present study, Alzheimer's disease transgenic mice were used to determine the relationship between decreased hippocampal synaptic plasticity and pathological changes and cognitive-behavioral deterioration, as well as possible mechanisms underlying decreased synaptic plasticity in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease-like diseases. APP/PS1 double transgenic(5 XFAD; Jackson Laboratory) mice and their littermates(wild-type, controls) were used in this study. Additional 6-weekold and 10-week-old 5 XFAD mice and wild-type mice were used for electrophysiological recording of hippocampal dentate gyrus. For10-week-old 5 XFAD mice and wild-type mice, the left hippocampus was used for electrophysiological recording, and the right hippocampus was used for biochemical experiments or immunohistochemical staining to observe synaptophysin levels and amyloid beta deposition levels. The results revealed that, compared with wild-type mice, 6-week-old 5 XFAD mice exhibited unaltered long-term potentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Another set of 5 XFAD mice began to show attenuation at the age of 10 weeks, and a large quantity of amyloid beta protein was accumulated in hippocampal cells. The location of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid receptor and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor subunits in synaptosomes was decreased. These findings indicate that the delocalization of postsynaptic glutamate receptors and an associated decline in synaptic plasticity may be key mechanisms in the early onset of Alzheimer's disease. The use and care of animals were in strict accordance with the ethical standards of the Animal Ethics Committee of Capital Medical University,China on December 17, 2015(approval No. AEEI-2015-182).

Association between Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and early demyelination and oligodendrocyte dysfunction

The APPSwe/PSEN1 dE9（APP/PS1） transgenic mouse model is an Alzheimer＇s disease mouse model exhibiting symptoms of dementia, and is commonly used to explore pathological changes in the development of Alzheimer＇s disease. Previous clinical autopsy and imaging studies suggest that Alzheimer＇s disease patients have white matter and oligodendrocyte damage, but the underlying mechanisms of these have not been revealed. Therefore, the present study used APP/PS1 mice to assess cognitive change, myelin loss, and corresponding changes in oligodendrocytes, and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Morris water maze tests were performed to evaluate cognitive change in APP/PS1 mice and normal C57 BL/6 mice aged 3 and 6 months. Luxol fast blue staining of the corpus callosum and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction（q RT-PCR） for myelin basic protein（MBP） mRNA were carried out to quantify myelin damage. Immunohistochemistry staining for NG2 and qRT-PCR for monocarboxylic acid transporter 1（MCT1） mRNA were conducted to assess corresponding changes in oligodendrocytes. Our results demonstrate that compared with C57 BL/6 mice, there was a downregulation of MBP mRNA in APP/PS1 mice aged 3 months. This became more obvious in APP/PS1 mice aged 6 months accompanied by other abnormalities such as prolonged escape latency in the Morris water maze test, shrinkage of the corpus callosum, upregulation of NG2-immunoreactive cells, and downregulation of MCT1 mRNA. These findings indicate that the involvement of early demyelination at 3 months and the oligodendrocyte dysfunction at 6 months in APP/PS1 mice are in association with Alzheimer＇s disease pathogenesis.

Early onset versus late onset in Alzheimer’s disease: What is the reliable cut-off?

Objective: As the literature on conventional criteria for discriminating early-onset (EO) from late-onset (LO) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is sparse and controversial, the aim of this study was to establish a precise age at onset (AAO) criterion, by using a specific statistical procedure, and to describe the clinical characteristics of the two sub-groups. Methods: Admixture analysis was performed to establish the AAO cut-off in a multi-center study including 2000 AD patients consecutively recruited in eight Italian Memory Clinics. None of the patients were taking acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, antipsychoticor anti-depressant drugs. At the first diagnosticvisit, they were administered the Mini Mental StateExamination, the Basic and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living and the Neuropsychiatric Inventorytoassess clinical phenomenology. Results: Using a specific statistical procedure, we established that AAO that discriminated EO-from LO-AD was 66. Compared with the LO-AD group, the EO-AD group showed longer duration of illness and a higher educational level as well as less severe functional impairment and delusions. Conclusions: Differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, such as duration of illness, education and delusion severity, suggested the involvement of different pathogenic processes. Additional studies are needed to further investigate the mechanisms underlying the disorder in the two sub-groups of AD patients.

Multifractal analysis of white matter structural changes on 3D magnetic resonance imaging between normal aging and early Alzheimer's disease

Applications of multifractal analysis to white matter structure changes on magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） have recently received increasing attentions. Although some progresses have been made, there is no evident study on applying multifractal analysis to evaluate the white matter structural changes on MRI for Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） research. In this paper, to explore multifractal analysis of white matter structural changes on 3D MRI volumes between normal aging and early AD, we not only extend the traditional box-counting multifractal analysis（BCMA） into the 3D case, but also propose a modified integer ratio based BCMA（IRBCMA） algorithm to compensate for the rigid division rule in BCMA. We verify multifractal characteristics in 3D white matter MRI volumes. In addition to the previously well studied multifractal feature,△α, we also demonstrated △ f as an alternative and effective multifractal feature to distinguish NC from AD subjects.Both △α and △ f are found to have strong positive correlation with the clinical MMSE scores with statistical significance.Moreover, the proposed IRBCMA can be an alternative and more accurate algorithm for 3D volume analysis. Our findings highlight the potential usefulness of multifractal analysis, which may contribute to clarify some aspects of the etiology of AD through detection of structural changes in white matter.

Converging links between adult-onset neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease and early life neurodegenerative neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis?

Evidence from genetics and from analyzing cellular and animal models have converged to suggest links between neurodegenerative disorders of early and late life.Here,we summarize emerging links between the most common late life neurodegenerative disease,Alzheimer’s disease,and the most common early life neurodegenerative diseases,neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.Genetic studies reported an overlap of clinically diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease and mutations in genes known to cause neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses.Accumulating data strongly suggest dysfunction of intracellular trafficking mechanisms and the autophagy-endolysosome system in both types of neurodegenerative disorders.This suggests shared cytopathological processes underlying these different types of neurodegenerative diseases.A better understanding of the common mechanisms underlying the different diseases is important as this might lead to the identification of novel targets for therapeutic concepts,the transfer of therapeutic strategies from one disease to the other and therapeutic approaches tailored to patients with specific mutations.Here,we review dysfunctions of the endolysosomal autophagy pathway in Alzheimer’s disease and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses and summarize emerging etiologic and genetic overlaps.

Occurrence Regularity and Control Research of Apple Early Defoliation Disease in West Sichuan Plateau

[ Objective ] The research aimed to discuss the occurrence regularity of apple early defoliation disease and control effects of fungicides in west Sichuan plateau. [ Method ] Apple early defoliation disease in west Sichuan plateau was systematically investigated during 2009 and 2011, and the control effects of different fungicides during different spraying periods were studied. [ Result] The species of pathogen mainly was Marssonina ma/i （ P. Henn）, accounting for 32.5%, Phyl-losticta Pirina Sa accounted for 29.9%, and Alternaria mali Roberts accounted for 25.7%. The field fluctuation regularity was as follows ： the disease generally be- gan in the mid-May and ended in early and middle October with only one damage peak during the whole year, the fluctuation had positive correlation with rainfall （ R2 =0.891 8 ＊ ＊ ）. Control test showed that 40% flusilazole had the best control effect （86.5%）, which was best to apply after anthesis. [ Conclusion ] The paper provided theoretical basis for the effective control against apple early defoliation disease.

Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease Based on Convolutional Neural Networks

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disorder,causing the most common dementia in the elderly peoples.The AD patients are rapidly increasing in each year and AD is sixth leading cause of death in USA.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is the leading modality used for the diagnosis of AD.Deep learning based approaches have produced impressive results in this domain.The early diagnosis of AD depends on the efficient use of classification approach.To address this issue,this study proposes a system using two convolutional neural networks(CNN)based approaches for an early diagnosis of AD automatically.In the proposed system,we use segmented MRI scans.Input data samples of three classes include 110 normal control(NC),110 mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and 105 AD subjects are used in this paper.The data is acquired from the ADNI database and gray matter(GM)images are obtained after the segmentation of MRI subjects which are used for the classification in the proposed models.The proposed approaches segregate among NC,MCI,and AD.While testing both methods applied on the segmented data samples,the highest performance results of the classification in terms of accuracy on NC vs.AD are 95.33%and 89.87%,respectively.The proposed methods distinguish between NC vs.MCI and MCI vs.AD patients with a classification accuracy of 90.74%and 86.69%.The experimental outcomes prove that both CNN-based frameworks produced state-of-the-art accurate results for testing.

BACE1 in the retina:a sensitive biomarker for monitoring early pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease

Because of a lack of sensitive biomarkers,the diagnosis of Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） cannot be made prior to symptom manifestation.Therefore,it is crucial to identify novel biomarkers for the presymptomatic diagnosis of AD.While brain lesions are a major feature of AD,retinal pathological changes also occur in patients.In this study,we investigated the temporal changes in β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1（BACE1） expression in the retina and brain to determine whether it could serve as a suitable biomarker for early monitoring of AD.APP/PS-1 transgenic mice,3,6 and 8 months of age,were used as an experimental group,and age-matched C57/BL6 wild-type mice served as the control group.In the Morris water maze test,there were no significant differences in escape latency or in the number of crossings in the target area among mice of different ages.Compared with wild-type mice,no changes in learning or memory abilities were detected in transgenic mice at 3 months of age.However,compared with wild-type mice,the escape latency was significantly increased in transgenic mice at 6 months,starting on day 3,and at 8 months,starting on day 2,during Morris water maze training.In addition,the number of crossings of the target area was significantly decreased in transgenic mice.The learning and memory abilities of transgenic mice were further worsened at 8 months of age.Immunohistochemical staining revealed no BACE1 plaques in wild-type mice at 3,6 or 8 months or in transgenic mice at 3 months,but they were clearly found in the entorhinal cortex,hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of transgenic mice at 6 and 8 months.BACE1 expression was not detected in the retina of wild-type mice at 3 months,but weak BACE1 expression was detected in the ganglion cell layer,inner plexiform layer and outer plexiform layer at 6 and 8 months.In transgenic mice,BACE1 expression in the ganglion cell layer was increased at 3 months,and BACE1 expression in the ganglion cell layer,inner plexiform layer and outer plexiform layer was significantly increased at 6 and 8 months,compared with age-matched wild-type mice.Taken together,these results indicate that changes in BACE1 expression appear earlier in the retina than in the brain and precede behavioral deficits.Our findings suggest that abnormal expression of BACE1 in the retina is an early pathological change in APP/PS-1 transgenic mice,and that BACE1 might have potential as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of AD in humans.

Early Detection of Mild Alzheimer’s Disease in Filipino Elderly: Validation of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment-Philippines (MoCA-P)

Background: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a useful instrument employed by clinicians to detect cognitive impairment and diagnose probable Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) while in its early stages. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the diagnostic validity of the Philippine version of the MoCA (MoCA-P) among 1385 community-dwelling Filipino elderly from Marikina City, Metro Manila. Results: 509 controls and 97 elderly with probable AD and a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) global score of 0.5 were included in the analysis. Analysis of variance showed that the AD group was older (p < 0.05) and had fewer years of education (p < 0.05). The optimal cut-off score to differentiate controls from those with probable AD was 20/21, with a sensitivity of 0.835 and a specificity of 0.723, and area under the curve (AUC) of 0.89 (p < 0.001). The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 3.01 and 0.23, respectively;and pre- and post-test odds were 0.0951 and 0.2224, respectively. Logistic regression showed that the odds of scoring < 20 on the MoCA-P increased with advancing age and with education at ≤7 years (p < 0.05). Two points are added to the MoCA-P score for those with ≤7 years of education. Conclusion: The MoCA-P is a valid instrument for the early detection of mild AD among the Filipino elderly.