American trypanosomiasis,commonly known as Chagas disease,is caused by the flagellate protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi.An estimated eight million people infected with T.cruzi currently reside in the endemic region...American trypanosomiasis,commonly known as Chagas disease,is caused by the flagellate protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi.An estimated eight million people infected with T.cruzi currently reside in the endemic regions of Latin America.However,as the disease has now been imported into many non-endemic countries outside of Latin America,it has become a global health issue.We reviewed the transmission patterns and current status of disease spread pertaining to American trypanosomiasis at the global level,as well as recent advances in research.Based on an analysis of the gaps in American trypanosomiasis control,we put forward future research priorities that must be implemented to stop the global spread of the disease.展开更多
Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease.This flagellated protozoan is transmitted to humans as well as different species of domestic and wild animals via vectors from the Reduviidae family(known as&...Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease.This flagellated protozoan is transmitted to humans as well as different species of domestic and wild animals via vectors from the Reduviidae family(known as"kissing bugs").Despite the fact that hundreds of species of wild mammals are part of the reservoir system,the morphologi-cal changes and clinical manifestations resulting from the pathogenesis of the infection have been largely neglected.The aim of this review is to systematically compile the available information regarding clinicopathological altera-tions in wild mammals due to natural infection by T.cruzi.Information was obtained from six online bibliographic data search platforms,resulting in the identification of 29 publications that met the inclusion criteria.Mortality was the most common clinical manifestation,cardiac damage was the main finding at necropsy,and lymphoplas-macytic inflammation was the most frequent microscopic injury.Thus,regardless of its role as a reservoir,T.cruzi has the potential to affect the health status of wild mammals,a situation that highlights the need for further research to analyze,measure,and compare its effects at both the individual and population levels.展开更多
Chagas disease remains a serious problem for public health due to the high disease burden together with its global spreading patterns.However,current treatment and vector control are highly challenged by drug and inse...Chagas disease remains a serious problem for public health due to the high disease burden together with its global spreading patterns.However,current treatment and vector control are highly challenged by drug and insecticide resistance.Chemotherapy and vector control have been proved to be effective attempts to minimize the disease burden.Continued efforts are necessary to keep adapting the surveillance-response systems to the dynamic health systems.More attention and investments are needed to improve appropriate strategy and technology in different settings.This may be accomplished by creating effective risk early warning,addressing vulnerability and building resilience systems,implementing a vector surveillance system,as well as innovating research and technology.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National S&T Major Programme(grant no.2012ZX10004220)Many thanks for Dr.Peiling Yap for her constructive comments on the manuscript.Many thanks also to Mr.Xue Jingbo and Mr.Shen Haimo for their help in drawing the figures.
文摘American trypanosomiasis,commonly known as Chagas disease,is caused by the flagellate protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi.An estimated eight million people infected with T.cruzi currently reside in the endemic regions of Latin America.However,as the disease has now been imported into many non-endemic countries outside of Latin America,it has become a global health issue.We reviewed the transmission patterns and current status of disease spread pertaining to American trypanosomiasis at the global level,as well as recent advances in research.Based on an analysis of the gaps in American trypanosomiasis control,we put forward future research priorities that must be implemented to stop the global spread of the disease.
文摘Trypanosoma cruzi is the etiologic agent of Chagas disease.This flagellated protozoan is transmitted to humans as well as different species of domestic and wild animals via vectors from the Reduviidae family(known as"kissing bugs").Despite the fact that hundreds of species of wild mammals are part of the reservoir system,the morphologi-cal changes and clinical manifestations resulting from the pathogenesis of the infection have been largely neglected.The aim of this review is to systematically compile the available information regarding clinicopathological altera-tions in wild mammals due to natural infection by T.cruzi.Information was obtained from six online bibliographic data search platforms,resulting in the identification of 29 publications that met the inclusion criteria.Mortality was the most common clinical manifestation,cardiac damage was the main finding at necropsy,and lymphoplas-macytic inflammation was the most frequent microscopic injury.Thus,regardless of its role as a reservoir,T.cruzi has the potential to affect the health status of wild mammals,a situation that highlights the need for further research to analyze,measure,and compare its effects at both the individual and population levels.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC1202000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81973108).
文摘Chagas disease remains a serious problem for public health due to the high disease burden together with its global spreading patterns.However,current treatment and vector control are highly challenged by drug and insecticide resistance.Chemotherapy and vector control have been proved to be effective attempts to minimize the disease burden.Continued efforts are necessary to keep adapting the surveillance-response systems to the dynamic health systems.More attention and investments are needed to improve appropriate strategy and technology in different settings.This may be accomplished by creating effective risk early warning,addressing vulnerability and building resilience systems,implementing a vector surveillance system,as well as innovating research and technology.
