Metal and amino acid(AA),as two kinds of entities,have been widely involved in biomaterials and nanomedicines.Recently,the marriage of them has developed new nanoformulations,amino acid-metal coordinated nanomaterials...Metal and amino acid(AA),as two kinds of entities,have been widely involved in biomaterials and nanomedicines.Recently,the marriage of them has developed new nanoformulations,amino acid-metal coordinated nanomaterials(AMCNs),which show great biomedical application potential in cancer therapy,antibacterial applications,biomedical imaging,etc.With the respective characteristics of metal and AA with rich biological and chemical properties,AMCNs can not only act as drug carriers with specific tumor targeting ability,but also realize synergistic therapy and imaging-guided therapy.Although the design and synthesis of amino acid-metal coordinated nanomaterials have been in-depth investigated,there are few systematic reviews on their biomedical application.In this review,we give a comprehensive summary of recent progresses in the design,fabrication,and biomedical applications of AMCNs.We also propose the future outlooks and challenges in aforementioned field.We expect that this review would contribute some inspiration for future research and development for amino acid metal coordinated nanomaterials.展开更多
Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)are being investigated as the potential materials for future drug delivery and gene therapy systems thanks to their tunable functionality and biocompatibility.However,the structure of MO...Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)are being investigated as the potential materials for future drug delivery and gene therapy systems thanks to their tunable functionality and biocompatibility.However,the structure of MOFs could be altered in a biological environment or in a buffer solution.It is of great importance to evaluate the stability of MOFs and understand the degradation processes for the sake of the biomedical applications.In this work,we investigate the stability of UiO-66,a generally-perceived stable MOF,in different amino acid solutions.We find that UiO-66 loses crystallinity in relatively mild basic conditions(when pH≥9)in the presence of amino acids.The instability is more pronounced in the lysine and arginine solutions which have stronger basicity.It can be attributed to the accelerated ligand exchange of UiO-66 under basic conditions.With a combination of techniques,we show that the amino acids can replace the organic linkers and form zirconium-amino acid complexes.Our research reveals one possible mechanism of MOF degradation in biological environment,yet such degradability could be also an important designable property for MOFs in biomedical applications.展开更多
Three kinds of poly amino acids, poly-γ-glutamic acid, poly(ε-L-lysine) and multi-L-arginyl-poly (L-aspartic acid) can be synthesized by enzymatic process independently from ribosomal protein biosynthesis pathways i...Three kinds of poly amino acids, poly-γ-glutamic acid, poly(ε-L-lysine) and multi-L-arginyl-poly (L-aspartic acid) can be synthesized by enzymatic process independently from ribosomal protein biosynthesis pathways in microorganism. These biosynthesized polymers have attracted more and more attentions because of their unique properties and various applications. In this review, the current knowledge on the biosynthesis, biodegradations and applications of these three poly amino acids are summarized.展开更多
Unnatural amino acids(UAAs)have gained significant attention in protein engineering and drug development owing to their ability to introduce new chemical functionalities to proteins.In eukaryotes,genetic code expansio...Unnatural amino acids(UAAs)have gained significant attention in protein engineering and drug development owing to their ability to introduce new chemical functionalities to proteins.In eukaryotes,genetic code expansion(GCE)enables the incorporation of UAAs and facilitates posttranscriptional modification(PTM),which is not feasible in prokaryotic systems.GCE is also a powerful tool for cell or animal imaging,the monitoring of protein interactions in target cells,drug development,and switch regulation.Therefore,there is keen interest in utilizing GCE in eukaryotic systems.This review provides an overview of the application of GCE in eukaryotic systems and discusses current challenges that need to be addressed.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82072065,81471784)the National Key Research and Development Program of the Minister of Science and Technology,China(2016YFA0202703)the National Youth Talent Support Program。
文摘Metal and amino acid(AA),as two kinds of entities,have been widely involved in biomaterials and nanomedicines.Recently,the marriage of them has developed new nanoformulations,amino acid-metal coordinated nanomaterials(AMCNs),which show great biomedical application potential in cancer therapy,antibacterial applications,biomedical imaging,etc.With the respective characteristics of metal and AA with rich biological and chemical properties,AMCNs can not only act as drug carriers with specific tumor targeting ability,but also realize synergistic therapy and imaging-guided therapy.Although the design and synthesis of amino acid-metal coordinated nanomaterials have been in-depth investigated,there are few systematic reviews on their biomedical application.In this review,we give a comprehensive summary of recent progresses in the design,fabrication,and biomedical applications of AMCNs.We also propose the future outlooks and challenges in aforementioned field.We expect that this review would contribute some inspiration for future research and development for amino acid metal coordinated nanomaterials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21922410,22072133,and 21673206)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LR19B050001)the Leading Innovation and Entrepreneurship Team of Zhejiang Province(No.2020R01003).
文摘Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)are being investigated as the potential materials for future drug delivery and gene therapy systems thanks to their tunable functionality and biocompatibility.However,the structure of MOFs could be altered in a biological environment or in a buffer solution.It is of great importance to evaluate the stability of MOFs and understand the degradation processes for the sake of the biomedical applications.In this work,we investigate the stability of UiO-66,a generally-perceived stable MOF,in different amino acid solutions.We find that UiO-66 loses crystallinity in relatively mild basic conditions(when pH≥9)in the presence of amino acids.The instability is more pronounced in the lysine and arginine solutions which have stronger basicity.It can be attributed to the accelerated ligand exchange of UiO-66 under basic conditions.With a combination of techniques,we show that the amino acids can replace the organic linkers and form zirconium-amino acid complexes.Our research reveals one possible mechanism of MOF degradation in biological environment,yet such degradability could be also an important designable property for MOFs in biomedical applications.
基金Supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant No. 2006AA02Z239)
文摘Three kinds of poly amino acids, poly-γ-glutamic acid, poly(ε-L-lysine) and multi-L-arginyl-poly (L-aspartic acid) can be synthesized by enzymatic process independently from ribosomal protein biosynthesis pathways in microorganism. These biosynthesized polymers have attracted more and more attentions because of their unique properties and various applications. In this review, the current knowledge on the biosynthesis, biodegradations and applications of these three poly amino acids are summarized.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2019YFA0904200 and 2019YFA0906100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32171464)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program(JCYJ20180504165501371).
文摘Unnatural amino acids(UAAs)have gained significant attention in protein engineering and drug development owing to their ability to introduce new chemical functionalities to proteins.In eukaryotes,genetic code expansion(GCE)enables the incorporation of UAAs and facilitates posttranscriptional modification(PTM),which is not feasible in prokaryotic systems.GCE is also a powerful tool for cell or animal imaging,the monitoring of protein interactions in target cells,drug development,and switch regulation.Therefore,there is keen interest in utilizing GCE in eukaryotic systems.This review provides an overview of the application of GCE in eukaryotic systems and discusses current challenges that need to be addressed.
