Callovian-Oxfordian sedimentary microfacies in the middle of Block B on the right bank of the Amu Darya Basin,Turkmenistan

The right bank of the Amu Darya Basin enjoys abundant natural gas resources,on which the Callovian-Oxfordian strata in the middle of Block B serve as the major horizons for natural gas production.However,the characteristics and distribution patterns of the sedimentary microfacies in these strata are yet to be further explored.Based on the analysis of data on drilling,logging,cores,and thin sections from 29 typical wells,as well as the regional sedimentary background,this study inferred that the middle of Block B evolved from the Callovian ramp platform into the Oxfordian rimmed platform.Moreover,this study determined that the inner-ramp intertidal-subtidal shallow-water subfacies mainly developed during the Callovian and transitioned into the shallow shelf subfacies during the Oxfordian.This study identified eight sedimentary microfacies,namely reef knoll,reef-shoal complex,bioclastic shoal,psammitic shoal,bioherm,lime mud mound,intershoal(intermound),and static-water mud.Based on research into the high-precision sequence-sedimentary microfacies framework,this study built a geological model for the development of sedimentary microfacies in the study area.According to this geological model,the sedimentary microfacies in the study area are characterized by vertical alternation of reef-shoal complex,bioclastic(psammitic)shoal,bioherm,and intershoal microfacies.Moreover,they show the development of reef knoll,reef-shoal complex,bioclastic(psammitic)shoal,and bioherm(or lime mud mound)laterally from west to east,with the physical properties of the reservoirs deteriorating from west to east accordingly.The microfacies of reef-shoal complex and the bioclastic(psammitic)shoal predominate in the study area,and their deposition and development are controlled by sequence boundaries and are also affected by paleo-landforms.The Oxfordian reef-shoal complexes were largely inherited from the Callovian uplifts and show lateral seaward progradation.

Multi-resolution graph-based clustering analysis for lithofacies identifi cation from well log data: Case study of intraplatform bank gas fi elds, Amu Darya Basin

In this study, we used the multi-resolution graph-based clustering （MRGC） method for determining the electrofacies （EF） and lithofacies （LF） from well log data obtained from the intraplatform bank gas fields located in the Amu Darya Basin. The MRGC could automatically determine the optimal number of clusters without prior knowledge about the structure or cluster numbers of the analyzed data set and allowed the users to control the level of detail actually needed to define the EF. Based on the LF identification and successful EF calibration using core data, an MRGC EF partition model including five clusters and a quantitative LF interpretation chart were constructed. The EF clusters 1 to 5 were interpreted as lagoon, anhydrite flat, interbank, low-energy bank, and high-energy bank, and the coincidence rate in the cored interval could reach 85%. We concluded that the MRGC could be accurately applied to predict the LF in non-cored but logged wells. Therefore, continuous EF clusters were partitioned and corresponding LF were characteristics ＆different LF were analyzed interpreted, and the distribution and petrophysical in the framework of sequence stratigraphy.

Carbon and Oxygen Isotope Stratigraphy of the Oxfordian Carbonate Rocks in Amu Darya Basin

Based on the detailed research on petrologic and geochemical characteristics of deposi- tion and diagenesis of Oxfordian carbonate rocks in Amu Darya Basin, Turkmenistan, carbon and oxygen isotopes were analyzed. The results show that the paleoenvironmental evolution reflected by the samples with well-preserved original carbon isotopes coincides with the carbon-isotope stratigraphic curve and is almost consistent with the global sea-level curve, the Mid-Oxfordian wide transgression, and the positive carbon-isotope excursion event. The Mid-Oxfordian continuing transgression not only laid the foundation for the development of the Oxfordian reef and shoal reservoirs in Amu Darya Basin but also provided an example for the Oxfordian global transgression and the resulting development of reefs and banks and high-speed organic carbon burial events. The response of oxygen isotopes in diagenetic environment showed that micrite limestones and granular limestones underwent weak diagenetic alteration, and the samples largely retained the original seawater features. Dolomitization and the precipitation of hydrothermal calcites filling solution vugs and fractures before hydrocarbon accumulation occurred in a closed diagenetic environment where the main controlling factor is the temperature, and the diagenetic fluids were from the deep hot brine. The chalkification of the lime- stones after hydrocarbon accumulation occurred in the oilfield water systems.

Baseline determination,pollution source and ecological risk of heavy metals in surface sediments of the Amu Darya Basin,Central Asia

Central Asia(CA)is one of the most fragile regions worldwide owing to arid climate and accumulated human activities,and is a global hotspot due to gradually deteriorating ecological environment.The Amu Darya Basin(ADB),as the most economically and demographically important region in CA,is of particular concern.To determine the concentration,source and pollution status of heavy metals(HMs)in surface sediments of the ADB,154samples were collected and analyzed for metals across the basin.Correlation and cluster analysis,and positive matrix factorization model were implemented to understand metals’association and apportion their possible sources.Cumulative frequency distribution and normalization methods were used to determine the geochemical baseline values(GBVs).Then,various pollution indices and ecological risk index were employed to characterize and evaluate the pollution levels and associated risks based on the GBVs.Results indicated that the mean concentrations of HMs showed the following descending order in the surface sediments of ADB:Zn>Cr>Ni>Cu>Pb>Co>Cd.The spatial distribution maps showed that Cr,Ni,and Cu had relatively high enrichment in the irrigated agricultural area;high abundances of Zn,Pb,and Cd were mainly found in the urban areas.Four source factors were identified for these metals,namely natural sources,industrial discharge,agricultural activities,and mixed source of traffic and mining activities,accounting for 33.5%,11.4%,34.2%,and 20.9%of the total contribution,respectively.The GBVs of Cd,Zn,Pb,Cu,Ni,Cr,and Co in the ADB were 0.27,58.9,14.6,20.3,25.8,53.4,and 9.80 mg/kg,respectively,which were similar to the regional background values obtained from lake sediments in the bottom.In general,the assessment results revealed that surface sediments of the ADB were moderately polluted and low ecological risk by HMs.

Characteristics of an Upper Jurassic Carbonate Ramp in the Northern Amu-Darya Basin

Overemphasizing the value of reefs in oil and gas exploration, reef-oriented geologists explain all carbonate platform deposits using the Wilson model. In their eyes, rimmed shelves are more valuable than carbonate ramps. However, organic banks are excellent reservoirs generated by carbonate ramps in the study area, as verified beyond doubt through petroleum exploration, such as this thesis, which investigates the genesis, types, and distribution of carbonate deposition in the north zone of the Amu-Darya Basin. Monoclinal palaeogeomorphology and rudists suggest shallow environments. Given that oolite shoals and rudist patch reefs were observed in the study area, the depositional system is interpreted to be a carbonate ramp. The Callovian-Oxfordian stage consists of nine lithofacies: oolitic limestone, skeletal limestone, micritic limestone, bioturbated limestone, and crystalline limestone, which are grouped into three facies associations presenting outer ramp, mid-ramp, and inner ramp facies associations. Five depositional sequences can be distinguished in the Callovian-Oxfordian stage. Each third-order depositional sequence is composed of transgressive systems tracts (TST) and highstand systems tracts (HST). The TST consists of mudstones with a higher response to natural gamma rays, whereas the HST contains various types of grainstone, with subordinate dolostone. The vertical and lateral distributions of sedimentary facies, and their interpreted depositional environments, revealed a ramp exhibiting a gradual southeast-northwestward environmental change from outer ramp, mid ramp, and inner ramp carbonate facies.

阿姆河右岸中-下侏罗统烃源岩地球化学特征及其沉积环境研究

阿姆河盆地是中亚地区天然气资源最丰富的盆地。阿姆河右岸区域的主力烃源岩存在于中-下侏罗统的煤系地层中,但烃源岩的地球化学特征、有机质来源及沉积环境还需进一步明确。本文以阿姆河盆地右岸地区侏罗系烃源岩为对象,在利用烃源岩样品开展系统的地球化学测试的基础上,对样品有机碳、镜质体反射率、饱和烃与芳烃气相色谱及有机碳同位素等数据进行了分析。结果表明:1)阿姆河右岸中-下侏罗统烃源岩的有机质丰度及生烃潜力较高,有机质类型以Ⅱ_(1)与Ⅱ_(2)型为主,存在少量Ⅲ型干酪根,烃源岩整体处于成熟—高成熟阶段;烃源岩以生油为主,兼生气。2)阿姆河右岸中-下侏罗统烃源岩大部分沉积于高盐度的强还原环境,少数沉积于低盐度氧化环境中。3)阿姆河右岸中-下侏罗统烃源岩中有机质母质的来源主要为低等浮游生物,部分有机质来源于高等植物。

碳酸盐岩构造裂缝特征与形成期次分析:以阿姆河盆地右岸东部为例

碳酸盐岩裂缝对石油和天然气勘探开发具有重要意义,但碳酸盐岩构造裂缝特征描述、形成和影响因素一直是油气储层研究的重点。综合利用岩心、测井解释和分析测试等资料,对阿姆河盆地右岸东部地区侏罗系卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层内构造裂缝特征进行研究,划分构造裂缝类型及发育期次,明确影响构造裂缝发育的影响因素,分析多期次裂缝对天然气聚集的影响。结果表明:(1)构造裂缝是阿姆河盆地右岸东部侏罗系卡洛夫-牛津阶储层中发育的主要裂缝类型,按照产状分为水平缝、低角度缝、高角度缝和垂直缝;卡洛夫-牛津阶储层构造裂缝总体上走向以NW-SE向为主,但不同裂缝的走向差异性较大,反映了裂缝具有多期发育的特点,不同类型的构造裂缝在产状、密度和规模存在差异,中下侏罗统的XVa1层中最发育,平均裂缝密度为1.48条/m;构造裂缝的规模普遍较大,在上侏罗统的XVhp层裂缝宽度和裂缝高度最大,平均裂缝宽度约0.08 mm、平均裂缝高度67.1 cm,构造裂缝的倾角多介于40°~70°;(2)阿姆河盆地右岸东部侏罗系卡洛夫-牛津阶储层构造裂缝的发育程度存在较大的差异,这是由于裂缝的发育不仅受到岩性的控制,还受到多期构造运动的影响,亮晶砂屑灰岩和生物礁灰岩为构造裂缝发育的优势岩性;新近纪的挤压作用强烈,在侏罗系卡洛夫-牛津阶岩心中形成相互交错的网状裂缝,为裂缝期次划分提供有利证据;(3)阿姆河盆地右岸东部侏罗系卡洛夫-牛津阶中构造裂缝形成于燕山晚期到喜山中期,其中晚期裂缝的形成不仅改善了储层物性,也促进天然气聚集和成藏。

阿姆河盆地东北部碳酸盐岩区域性地层超压成因

由于碳酸盐岩沉积成岩作用与碎屑岩不同,碳酸盐岩地层超压具有高度非均质性,然而阿姆河盆地东北部地区碳酸盐岩地层却发育了大面积区域性超压现象。本文运用实测地层压力和钻井液密度计算压力的方法,刻画了研究区碳酸盐岩地层异常超压的空间分布特征及其与上覆膏盐岩地层压力的垂向叠置关系,运用碳酸盐岩物性、压汞分析和烃源岩生烃模拟及构造挤压增压模拟等方法,从纵向与横向对比超压与常压差异分布的角度,探讨了碳酸盐岩超压成因。研究表明:盐下碳酸盐岩发育常压与强超压,强超压区大面积连续发育,与局部构造和断裂无关。盐下致密碳酸盐岩形成封闭体系,虽然构造挤压作用发育了断层与裂缝,但是由于膏盐岩的塑性,未破坏盐下碳酸盐岩封闭体系,是超压区域性连续发育的前提;同时,强烈构造挤压对超压发育有重要贡献。由于膏盐岩的良好封闭性,使膏盐岩层与碳酸盐岩层之间优质烃源岩(TOC最高达6%)生成液态烃类向盐下碳酸盐岩排烃,也促进了超压发育;由于膏盐岩与碳酸盐岩之间发育的泥岩隔层,石膏矿物脱水作用不是碳酸盐岩超压的成因,并且,石膏成岩脱水作用对盐下碳酸盐岩开放体系作用微弱。研究成果对盐下异常超压的预测具有借鉴意义。

碳酸盐岩裂缝型储集层全直径岩心水侵规律实验

阿姆河右岸海相碳酸盐岩气藏断层及裂缝发育,局部水体能量活跃,开发效果受水侵影响显著。通过高温高压复杂缝洞储集层全直径岩心驱替实验,分析裂缝渗透率、裂缝贯穿程度和水体倍数对气藏水侵的影响,结合水气比动态变化特征,研究不同裂缝岩心的水侵规律。结果表明,裂缝贯穿程度越高,裂缝渗透率越大,水体倍数越高,则对应水侵模式中水气比曲线的斜率越大,说明水侵、水窜越严重,而裂缝未贯穿区域对暴性水淹能起到较好的抑制作用。在上述认识基础上,通过水侵模式分析诊断曲线,进一步分析了不同水侵模式的特征,优化了研究区气藏水侵诊断的指数图版。

阿姆河盆地别什肯特坳陷及邻区中下侏罗统烃源岩地球化学特征与勘探意义

阿姆河盆地别什肯特坳陷及邻区中下侏罗统发育一套潜在烃源岩,此烃源岩也是一套潜在的含油气系统,但是目前研究仍然薄弱。为此,通过钻井岩心和岩屑有机地球化学分析及盆地模拟方法,研究了别什肯特坳陷及邻区中下侏罗统烃源岩的有机质丰度、类型与成熟度等地球化学特征及烃源岩的形成环境,并明确了油气勘探的方向。研究结果表明:①中下侏罗统海陆过渡相泥岩段烃源岩有机质丰度介于0.50%~3.53%(平均值为1.27%),有机质类型为偏腐殖混合型,有机质热演化程度为介于0.7%~1.1%,为有效烃源岩;②泥岩段上部的浅海相泥质石灰岩段有机质丰度低,为非烃源岩;③泥岩烃源岩可溶有机物以低碳数正构烷烃为主,呈典型单峰,C27甾烷含量高于C29甾烷,三环萜烷和四环萜烷含量高,但是饱/芳比低,孕甾烷含量高,芳烃硫芴含量高,因此,有机质可能来自浅水的宏观底栖藻类,形成于潟湖环境。结论认为,别什肯特坳陷中下侏罗统烃源岩在早白垩世晚期已成熟,以生气为主,生油为辅,现今仍处在生烃高峰阶段,与构造圈闭形成时期配置好,具备较大的成藏潜力;致密砂岩气是该套含油气系统的重要勘探方向。

基于深度学习的多属性联合缝洞雕刻技术及应用——以阿姆河右岸H气田为例

阿姆河右岸H气田缝洞型储层发育,储层发育程度和产量差异大,裂缝发育状况是制约气井产能的关键因素。随着气田勘探、开发的推进,对储层裂缝预测提出了更高要求。为此,引入深度学习断层预测方法,并联合多属性分析刻画缝洞。由于缝洞分布受断层控制,因此首先利用深度学习技术预测断层,通过自动解释三维地震资料识别断层;其次,综合钻井、地质、岩心及测井信息,建立碳酸盐岩储层识别模式,优选反映缝洞发育特征的地震属性;最后,根据深度学习断层预测结果和多属性分析结果刻画缝洞体。缝洞体储层预测结果表明,阿姆河地区缝洞型储层呈高频、强振幅地震响应特征,预测的缝洞体主要发育在断裂系统附近,与钻井和地质规律吻合,预测结果可靠。

土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸卡洛夫—牛津阶裂缝特征及形成期次

土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸地区侏罗系碳酸盐岩气藏局部储层段物性差、非均质性强,裂缝发育状况成为制约气井产能的关键因素,研究裂缝特征及形成期次具有重要意义。根据该区卡洛夫—牛津阶18口取心井岩心裂缝的观察描述结果,发现该区储层主要发育水平裂缝和低角度斜交裂缝,按裂缝之间的切割、限制、组合关系及产状特征,可识别出成岩裂缝和构造裂缝2种成因类型的裂缝,其中构造裂缝对储层发育具有重要贡献。在认识裂缝特征的基础上,利用次生石英ESR年龄标定、非定向样品声发射实验、裂缝充填物稳定同位素(碳、氧、锶)测定及流体包裹体分析等技术方法,确定构造裂缝具有3个形成期次,分别对应于燕山晚期、喜山早期和喜山中期。研究认为,喜山早期和中期的2期裂缝(或断裂)具有极其重要的通源性质,油气充注成藏始于喜山早期,定位于喜山中期。

地震相控非线性随机反演在阿姆河盆地A区块碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用

文中针对阿姆河盆地A区块碳酸盐岩储层对纵波属性敏感的特性,以地质、测井信息为约束条件,通过拾取三维地震波的速度、有效振幅、频率等信息,应用地震相控非线性随机反演,对A区块主要目的层的储层分布特征进行了预测,获得以下认识:①阿姆河盆地A区块碳酸盐岩具层状反射特征,顶、底界为两组强反射,内部可以看到成层性较好、连续分布的反射波,碳酸盐岩储集空间主要以孔隙型为主,裂缝不发育,偶见微型溶孔、溶洞;②在研究区平面上的低速异常区为碳酸盐岩储层发育区带,低速异常区主要位于工区偏南部的东、西两端,其余大部分为较高的速度发育区,在构造高部位的低速异常带为有利钻探位置;③垂向上不同岩性在反演剖面上表现为不同的速度特征,即浅部的碎屑岩速度最低,中部膏盐层速度明显高于上部碎屑岩,下部碎屑岩层受压实作用影响速度高于上部碎屑岩层,主要目的层碳酸盐岩的速度最高。根据预测结果部署的两口探井均产出高产天然气流,证明地震相控非线性随机反演的预测结果准确、可靠。

阿姆河盆地成藏组合划分与资源潜力评价

结合阿姆河盆地最新地质资料和勘探成果,通过成藏要素和油气聚集规律分析,以储集层为核心划分成藏组合,针对各成藏组合进行资源潜力和地质风险评价,最后应用资源-地质风险概率双因素法优选有利成藏组合。在阿姆河盆地上白垩统赛诺曼—土伦阶砂岩、下白垩统欧特里夫—阿尔布阶砂岩、上侏罗统卡洛夫—牛津阶碳酸盐岩和中下侏罗统砂岩等主力储集层内划分出10个成藏组合,采用蒙特卡洛模拟法计算得到阿姆河盆地待发现油气资源量可达3.308×109 t,其中天然气占98%以上。参考对储集层、圈闭、运移和保存等成藏要素的地质风险评价结果,应用资源-地质风险概率双因素法进行有利成藏组合的评价和优选。共划分出2个Ⅰ类成藏组合,1个Ⅱa类成藏组合,2个Ⅱb类成藏组合,3个Ⅲ类成藏组合,1个Ⅳa类和1个Ⅳc类成藏组合。综合分析认为阿姆河盆地最有利的勘探领域是位于木尔加布坳陷内的上侏罗统卡洛夫—牛津阶碳酸盐岩储集层。

土库曼斯坦阿姆河盆地卡洛夫-牛津阶储层特征及控制因素分析

土库曼斯坦东北部的阿姆河盆地,是中亚地区最重要的含油气盆地之一。根据钻井岩芯和分析化验资料,确定阿姆河盆地卡洛夫-牛津阶为碳酸盐台地相沉积,具有特征的前缘缓斜坡沉积模式,可划分为蒸发台地、局限台地、开阔台地、台地边缘、前缘缓斜坡和盆地6个相带。其中台内、台地边缘和前缘缓斜坡为储层发育相带,尤以发育于台地边缘、开阔台地和前缘缓斜坡相带中的礁、滩微相最有利于储层发育。沉积微相和岩性对储层类型及物性有直接控制,特点为高能环境条件下沉积的块状礁灰岩和中-厚层状滩相颗粒灰岩以发育原生孔隙保存良好的孔隙型和裂缝-孔隙型储层为主,而较低能环境条件下沉积的(含)颗粒微晶灰岩、隐藻灰岩和泥-微晶灰岩以发育基质岩物性很差的裂缝型储层为主。通过综合分析,认为储层发育受沉积微相、岩性和成岩作用复合控制,以各相带内的礁、滩微相灰岩为高效勘探开发目标的'甜心'位置。

阿姆河盆地侏罗系成藏组合地质特征及勘探潜力

侏罗系成藏组合是中亚地区阿姆河盆地最重要的成藏组合。通过对岩相古地理、烃源岩、储层、盖层和油气成藏过程以及模式的分析,认为该成藏组合的成藏主控因素主要包括以下几个方面:①广泛分布、已经大范围进入生气窗的优质侏罗系烃源岩为该成藏组合内油气聚集提供了雄厚的物质基础;②优质的上侏罗统储层为油气资源的聚集提供了良好的空间,尤其是生物礁建造,其储集性能优越;③厚层Gaurdak组蒸发岩盖层充当了该成藏组合的优质盖层,除基底断裂分布带外,油气不能穿越它发生垂向运移作用。该成藏组合内油气散失的原因主要是Gaurdak组蒸发岩盖层尖灭或受基底断层破坏而引起油气侧向运移和垂向运移。结论认为:未来的主要勘探潜力在该盆地深部现今由于地震资料品质问题而未能识别出的生物礁和位于油气运移路径上的深部构造,平面上的有利区为大型基底断裂的不发育带。

阿姆河右岸盐下侏罗系大中型气田地质特征与分布规律

阿姆河右岸区块位于中亚阿姆河盆地东北部,天然气资源丰富,盐下中—上侏罗统碳酸盐岩是主要的油气富集层位。通过对盐下大中型气田的地质特征和成藏因素进行分析,结果表明:①盐下碳酸盐岩大中型气田可划分为叠合台内滩气田、缓坡礁滩气藏群和逆冲构造缝洞型气田3类,其中叠合台内滩气田发育孔隙(洞)型台内滩储集体,纵向叠置且隔夹层发育,形成多套气水系统;缓坡礁滩气藏群发育裂缝—孔隙(洞)型斜坡礁滩储集体,平面表现为“一礁一藏”;逆冲构造缝洞型气田发育碳酸盐岩缝洞型储集体,气水系统复杂,距主控断层越近、充注强度越高,气水界面越低。②叠合台内滩气田分布于蒸发台地—局限台地—开阔台地,气田规模受古地貌和现今构造幅度控制;缓坡礁滩气藏群位于台缘上斜坡带,天然气富集程度与古地貌高和礁滩体类型密切相关;缝洞型气田分布于山前逆冲构造带,气田内断层发育规模是高产富集主控因素。③深层中—下侏罗统碎屑岩形成了自生自储的成藏组合,具有大中型气田形成条件,喜马拉雅期改造较弱的继承性构造圈闭和凹陷带地层—岩性圈闭是有利的勘探目标。

阿姆河盆地卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层地球化学特征和成岩流体分析

卡洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩为土库曼斯坦阿姆河盆地主力天然气产层,以储层岩石学分析为基础,结合Fe、Sr、Mn微量元素和C、O、Sr同位素及流体包裹体地球化学特征,分析了储层成因和成岩流体性质,得出以下几点认识:(1)由厚壳蛤壳体测定的87Sr/86Sr比值在全球锶同位素地层曲线上可标定的年龄为157.2Ma,储层发育层位属于卡洛夫-牛津阶;(2)卡洛夫-牛津阶为一持续海侵-海退旋回,持续海侵期是礁、滩相储层形成期,而持续海退期为致密盖层发育期;(3)较高的Fe和Sr及较低的Mn含量,以及伴随成岩强度加大δ13C变化不大而δ18O向负值方向偏移的演化趋势,证明成岩作用发生在缺乏大陆淡水影响和以温度为主控因素的还原性封闭系统中;(4)综合同位素地球化学与流体包裹体和镜质体反射率特征,可确定洛夫-牛津阶碳酸盐岩仍处在中成岩阶段;(5)礁、滩相灰岩的溶蚀、埋藏白云化和充填缝、洞的方解石是不同成岩阶段的水-岩反应产物,成岩流体主要来自于深部富Sr的地层热卤水。

阿姆河盆地阿盖雷地区牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层特征

阿姆河盆地阿盖雷地区在Aga-21井和Aga-23井于牛津阶碳酸盐岩钻获高产工业气流,详细研究该区牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层特征,对整个地区的勘探开发具有重要指导意义。在岩心描述的基础上,通过铸体薄片、扫描电镜和储层物性等资料的综合分析,结合测井及地震资料,认为牛津阶碳酸盐岩储层发育和分布受沉积微相和成岩作用共同控制,砂屑滩和生屑滩为储层发育的基础,溶蚀作用为储层形成的关键因素,破裂作用有效地提高了储层品质。同时指出砂屑滩和生屑滩为有利储层发育的沉积微相,是今后主要的勘探开发目标。

土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸地区盐下碳酸盐岩气藏类型及油气富集因素

土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸地区盐下中上侏罗统卡洛夫—牛津阶碳酸盐岩油气资源丰富,但是油气分布规律的研究相对滞后,通过对典型气藏解剖,分析了油气藏类型,探讨了油气富集高产的主控因素。结果表明,该区盐下碳酸盐岩发育有构造气藏、岩性气藏和构造—岩性复合气藏3大类及背斜气藏、断背斜气藏、逆冲断裂背斜气藏、生物礁岩性气藏和构造—岩性气藏等5小类气藏。海西期基底古隆起控制了大气田的形成,喜马拉雅期挤压构造运动形成了逆冲断裂油气聚集带,沉积相带控制了气藏含油气丰度,盐膏岩盖层保存条件好,形成断背斜气藏。大型完整背斜构造与高能礁滩体相配,是西部查尔朱阶地天然气富集高产的主控因素;逆冲断裂背斜构造圈闭与大规模的缝洞型储集体配合,是东部别什肯特坳陷和基萨尔褶皱隆起区天然气富集高产的主控因素。