Lying on the northwest of Nihewan Basin, Houjiayao Site was discovered 40 years ago. But there is still a controversy about the existence age and the living environment of Houjiayao ancient human. Based on the geologi...Lying on the northwest of Nihewan Basin, Houjiayao Site was discovered 40 years ago. But there is still a controversy about the existence age and the living environment of Houjiayao ancient human. Based on the geological investigations, electrical resistivity sounding and altitude measuring, authors of this paper attempt to do a research on stratigraphic structure and the development of the ancient river in Houjiayao Site, and to interpret the above problems. The results are as follows:(1) An ancient river, which came from Xionger Mountain in the north of the Site, developed in Houjiayao Site, and its width was more than 1 km. The ancient river formed before 240 ka B.P., and disappeared in the early stage of the late Pleistocene, and its developing history ran through the entire living stage of Houjiayao ancient human.(2) The Site cultural relics were not buried in the lacustrine facies, but in the oxbow lake sediments of the ancient river and clay layer which laid on the oxbow lake sediments unconformably during the period of 224-161 ka B.P., and it indicated that the Houjiayao ancient people lived here for as long as 60 ka years.(3) The Site looked like a wide armchair faced southeast, and it provided a relatively mild and comfortable environment for the ancient. The ancient river provided the ancient human with water, and the superior eco-environment also provided plentiful food for the ancient human. Xionger Mountain was not only the source of the ancient river, but also the producing area for high quality stone materials. The old river carried stone materials to the Site, making it easier to make stone implements. Hence, the ancient human, who lived in cold weather, were more likely to choose better habitats such as the Houjiayao Site near the ancient river.(4) The old river embedded in the lacustrine facies, so the content of silt was high, and it was feculent. And the water of the oxbow lake near Houjiayao Site was clear and slow. What's more, with plentiful plants, the oxbow lake was a preferred place for all kinds of animals to get food and water. But the geomorphologic features of this oxbow lake made it hard for animals to escape when faced with dangerous situations. So ancient human had a better chance to get food from hunting near the oxbow lake than in other areas.展开更多
A number of paddy fields pertaining to the Majiabang Cultures (5500-3800 years BC) were discovered during the archaeological excavations that were carried out since 1998 at the Chuodun site in the Yangtze River Delta....A number of paddy fields pertaining to the Majiabang Cultures (5500-3800 years BC) were discovered during the archaeological excavations that were carried out since 1998 at the Chuodun site in the Yangtze River Delta. The pollen and phytolith analyses of two soil profiles from the northeastern part of this site were carried out to trace the agricultural practices of the Neolithic period. The phytolith results showed that rice domestication in the Yangtze River Delta could be traced back to as early as the Majiabang Culture. The pollen assemblage also revealed low levels of aquatic species, similar to that in modern paddy fields. This finding suggested that humans might have removed weeds for rice cultivation during the Neolithic period. Thus, pollen analysis in association with phytolith analysis was a promising method for identifying ancient paddy fields.展开更多
黄河流域古河道的变迁对文化遗址形成的影响,是黄河文化研究的重要科学问题之一。内蒙古巴彦淖尔国家地质公园位于黄河中上游的河套盆地,公园内汉代临戎古城遗址的位置一直存在争论,确定黄河古河道与其相对位置关系是关键。通过对临戎...黄河流域古河道的变迁对文化遗址形成的影响,是黄河文化研究的重要科学问题之一。内蒙古巴彦淖尔国家地质公园位于黄河中上游的河套盆地,公园内汉代临戎古城遗址的位置一直存在争论,确定黄河古河道与其相对位置关系是关键。通过对临戎古城遗址周边10 km范围进行网格化槽型钻取心,利用钻孔数据构建三维粒度属性模型与沉积结构模型,对隐伏的古河道位置进行了较为精准地确定;并通过钻孔岩心沉积相分析与年代学测试,对古河道的沉积结构与年代进行了验证。结果表明,临戎古城遗址西3 km处存在(2.39±0.24) ka~(1.36±0.05) Cal ka BP的黄河古河道,自南向北流经临戎城西。以此确定的黄河与朔方郡各属县治城的相对位置符合史料的记载。本研究从沉积学角度为巴彦淖尔国家地质公园临戎古城遗址位置的考证提供了地质科学依据。展开更多
基金Sponsored by Science and Technology Support Program of Hebei Province(13277611D)
文摘Lying on the northwest of Nihewan Basin, Houjiayao Site was discovered 40 years ago. But there is still a controversy about the existence age and the living environment of Houjiayao ancient human. Based on the geological investigations, electrical resistivity sounding and altitude measuring, authors of this paper attempt to do a research on stratigraphic structure and the development of the ancient river in Houjiayao Site, and to interpret the above problems. The results are as follows:(1) An ancient river, which came from Xionger Mountain in the north of the Site, developed in Houjiayao Site, and its width was more than 1 km. The ancient river formed before 240 ka B.P., and disappeared in the early stage of the late Pleistocene, and its developing history ran through the entire living stage of Houjiayao ancient human.(2) The Site cultural relics were not buried in the lacustrine facies, but in the oxbow lake sediments of the ancient river and clay layer which laid on the oxbow lake sediments unconformably during the period of 224-161 ka B.P., and it indicated that the Houjiayao ancient people lived here for as long as 60 ka years.(3) The Site looked like a wide armchair faced southeast, and it provided a relatively mild and comfortable environment for the ancient. The ancient river provided the ancient human with water, and the superior eco-environment also provided plentiful food for the ancient human. Xionger Mountain was not only the source of the ancient river, but also the producing area for high quality stone materials. The old river carried stone materials to the Site, making it easier to make stone implements. Hence, the ancient human, who lived in cold weather, were more likely to choose better habitats such as the Houjiayao Site near the ancient river.(4) The old river embedded in the lacustrine facies, so the content of silt was high, and it was feculent. And the water of the oxbow lake near Houjiayao Site was clear and slow. What's more, with plentiful plants, the oxbow lake was a preferred place for all kinds of animals to get food and water. But the geomorphologic features of this oxbow lake made it hard for animals to escape when faced with dangerous situations. So ancient human had a better chance to get food from hunting near the oxbow lake than in other areas.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. DO115-40335047, D0101-40401002, and D0218-40572178)the National Basic Research and Development Program of China (No. 2002CB410805).
文摘A number of paddy fields pertaining to the Majiabang Cultures (5500-3800 years BC) were discovered during the archaeological excavations that were carried out since 1998 at the Chuodun site in the Yangtze River Delta. The pollen and phytolith analyses of two soil profiles from the northeastern part of this site were carried out to trace the agricultural practices of the Neolithic period. The phytolith results showed that rice domestication in the Yangtze River Delta could be traced back to as early as the Majiabang Culture. The pollen assemblage also revealed low levels of aquatic species, similar to that in modern paddy fields. This finding suggested that humans might have removed weeds for rice cultivation during the Neolithic period. Thus, pollen analysis in association with phytolith analysis was a promising method for identifying ancient paddy fields.
文摘黄河流域古河道的变迁对文化遗址形成的影响,是黄河文化研究的重要科学问题之一。内蒙古巴彦淖尔国家地质公园位于黄河中上游的河套盆地,公园内汉代临戎古城遗址的位置一直存在争论,确定黄河古河道与其相对位置关系是关键。通过对临戎古城遗址周边10 km范围进行网格化槽型钻取心,利用钻孔数据构建三维粒度属性模型与沉积结构模型,对隐伏的古河道位置进行了较为精准地确定;并通过钻孔岩心沉积相分析与年代学测试,对古河道的沉积结构与年代进行了验证。结果表明,临戎古城遗址西3 km处存在(2.39±0.24) ka~(1.36±0.05) Cal ka BP的黄河古河道,自南向北流经临戎城西。以此确定的黄河与朔方郡各属县治城的相对位置符合史料的记载。本研究从沉积学角度为巴彦淖尔国家地质公园临戎古城遗址位置的考证提供了地质科学依据。
