Charred residues adhering to sherds of ceramic cooking vessels,pots (Fu),excavated from the Kuahuqiao site (8000-7000 cal a BP) in Zhejiang Province were examined using the method of starch grain analysis.Ancient star...Charred residues adhering to sherds of ceramic cooking vessels,pots (Fu),excavated from the Kuahuqiao site (8000-7000 cal a BP) in Zhejiang Province were examined using the method of starch grain analysis.Ancient starch grains were recovered from charred residues and were classified into 8 genera.Remains from rice (Oryza spp.),job's-tears (Coix chinesis T.),bean (Vigna spp.),acorn (Quercus spp.) as well as possibly buckeye tree (Aesculus chinensis B.) were identified.Other starch grains from unidentified plants were also recovered.Tracheids with bordered pits from softwood fibers were also found,indicating that some food might have been processed with wooden tools.The range of starch grains in the charred residues adhering to the ceramic pots reveals the diversity of ancient plant foods at the Kuahuqiao site,Zhejiang Province.展开更多
Chenqimogou site, located at the south bank of Tao River, is comprised of a large group of graves dated to ~4000 a BP. For its large scale, unique mortuary system, and abundant of typical artifacts, the site was named...Chenqimogou site, located at the south bank of Tao River, is comprised of a large group of graves dated to ~4000 a BP. For its large scale, unique mortuary system, and abundant of typical artifacts, the site was named one of 'Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries of 2008 in China'. Many intact human skeletons have been excavated from the graves. Three teeth from two adult skeletons excavated from graves M187 and M194 were examined. Forty-eight starch grains were retrieved from dental calculus of three teeth. Six of those starch grains could not be identified because of damage. The others were classified into seven groups. Most of them were from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and/or barley (Hordeum vulgare). Remains possibly from foxtail millet (Setaria italica), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), gingkgo (Ginkgo biloba), acorn (Quercus spp.), bean, roots or tubers were identified. Ancient starch grains from dental calculus indicate that human foodstuffs primarily sourced from wheat, buckwheat, and foxtail millet. Acorn, beans, tubers or roots were supplements. A variety of starch grains retrieved from dental calculus revealed that diverse crops were cultivated in the Chenqimogou site 4000 years ago, and both dry-land farming and gathering were engaged.展开更多
Early pottery sherds excavated in northern China date back to more than 11,000 cal a BP,and are presumed to have been used as cooking vessels.There has been,however,no direct evidence to demonstrate this function.Here...Early pottery sherds excavated in northern China date back to more than 11,000 cal a BP,and are presumed to have been used as cooking vessels.There has been,however,no direct evidence to demonstrate this function.Here we report ancient starch grains recovered from carbonized residues adhering to the bases of flatbottomed vessels excavated from the Zhuannian site dating more than 10,000 cal a BP in the North China Plain.This evidence demonstrates that early pottery was being used to cook cereal grains,particularly millets,and acorns.Because millets were in the process of domestication at thistime,we propose that pottery invention in northern China may have been related to early farming activities.展开更多
江西社山头遗址是赣东北地区新石器时代的典型遗址,尚未开展相关环境考古和植物考古等方面的研究。对该遗址出土陶器内壁残留物的淀粉粒分析表明,内壁残留物中包含了不同种类植物的淀粉粒,主要来自稻类和粟类作物,还有部分块根块茎类植...江西社山头遗址是赣东北地区新石器时代的典型遗址,尚未开展相关环境考古和植物考古等方面的研究。对该遗址出土陶器内壁残留物的淀粉粒分析表明,内壁残留物中包含了不同种类植物的淀粉粒,主要来自稻类和粟类作物,还有部分块根块茎类植物以及部分暂时不能鉴定的淀粉粒。可鉴定淀粉粒中包括稻类7粒、粟类9粒、块根块茎类2粒。从恢复的植物种类上来看,社山头遗址区域在4500~3500 a BP这段时间的植物利用包括了稻类、粟类和部分块根块茎类植物。本研究结果可以为中国南方地区的植物考古和环境考古研究提供直接证据和补充,说明了该遗址古人类除水稻外其他植物资源的利用情况。同时本研究结果也可为南方地区古人类食谱和植物资源利用结构研究提供方法上的新思路。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40771205)National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 40625002)Knowledge Innovation Project from Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZC2-YW-315-5)
文摘Charred residues adhering to sherds of ceramic cooking vessels,pots (Fu),excavated from the Kuahuqiao site (8000-7000 cal a BP) in Zhejiang Province were examined using the method of starch grain analysis.Ancient starch grains were recovered from charred residues and were classified into 8 genera.Remains from rice (Oryza spp.),job's-tears (Coix chinesis T.),bean (Vigna spp.),acorn (Quercus spp.) as well as possibly buckeye tree (Aesculus chinensis B.) were identified.Other starch grains from unidentified plants were also recovered.Tracheids with bordered pits from softwood fibers were also found,indicating that some food might have been processed with wooden tools.The range of starch grains in the charred residues adhering to the ceramic pots reveals the diversity of ancient plant foods at the Kuahuqiao site,Zhejiang Province.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40771205)National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 40625002)Knowledge Innovation Project from Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZCX2-YW-315)
文摘Chenqimogou site, located at the south bank of Tao River, is comprised of a large group of graves dated to ~4000 a BP. For its large scale, unique mortuary system, and abundant of typical artifacts, the site was named one of 'Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries of 2008 in China'. Many intact human skeletons have been excavated from the graves. Three teeth from two adult skeletons excavated from graves M187 and M194 were examined. Forty-eight starch grains were retrieved from dental calculus of three teeth. Six of those starch grains could not be identified because of damage. The others were classified into seven groups. Most of them were from wheat (Triticum aestivum) and/or barley (Hordeum vulgare). Remains possibly from foxtail millet (Setaria italica), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), gingkgo (Ginkgo biloba), acorn (Quercus spp.), bean, roots or tubers were identified. Ancient starch grains from dental calculus indicate that human foodstuffs primarily sourced from wheat, buckwheat, and foxtail millet. Acorn, beans, tubers or roots were supplements. A variety of starch grains retrieved from dental calculus revealed that diverse crops were cultivated in the Chenqimogou site 4000 years ago, and both dry-land farming and gathering were engaged.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA05130603 and XDA05130402)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(40771205 and 41371217)
文摘Early pottery sherds excavated in northern China date back to more than 11,000 cal a BP,and are presumed to have been used as cooking vessels.There has been,however,no direct evidence to demonstrate this function.Here we report ancient starch grains recovered from carbonized residues adhering to the bases of flatbottomed vessels excavated from the Zhuannian site dating more than 10,000 cal a BP in the North China Plain.This evidence demonstrates that early pottery was being used to cook cereal grains,particularly millets,and acorns.Because millets were in the process of domestication at thistime,we propose that pottery invention in northern China may have been related to early farming activities.
文摘江西社山头遗址是赣东北地区新石器时代的典型遗址,尚未开展相关环境考古和植物考古等方面的研究。对该遗址出土陶器内壁残留物的淀粉粒分析表明,内壁残留物中包含了不同种类植物的淀粉粒,主要来自稻类和粟类作物,还有部分块根块茎类植物以及部分暂时不能鉴定的淀粉粒。可鉴定淀粉粒中包括稻类7粒、粟类9粒、块根块茎类2粒。从恢复的植物种类上来看,社山头遗址区域在4500~3500 a BP这段时间的植物利用包括了稻类、粟类和部分块根块茎类植物。本研究结果可以为中国南方地区的植物考古和环境考古研究提供直接证据和补充,说明了该遗址古人类除水稻外其他植物资源的利用情况。同时本研究结果也可为南方地区古人类食谱和植物资源利用结构研究提供方法上的新思路。
