Evaluation of the Application Effect of Short Video Combined with BOPPPS Teaching Mode in Clinical Anesthesia Teaching

Objective:To study the application effect of short video combined with BOPPPS teaching mode in clinical anesthesia practice.Method:48 students assigned to clinical anesthesia in digestive endoscopy of Shanxi Bethune Hospital from July 1,2022 to April 1,2023 were selected as research objects.They were randomly divided into the control group(PowerPoint presentation teaching group)and the observation group(short video combined with BOPPPS teaching group),with 24 students in each group.After the internship,the students’theoretical and technical scores were tested,the effects of the two teaching modes were compared,and the students’satisfaction was investigated.Results:The test scores of students in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05).The short video combined with BOPPPS teaching mode can significantly improve students’learning interest,operation skills,and memory(P<0.05).The students’satisfaction in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:In clinical practice,the application of short video combined with BOPPPS teaching mode has achieved great effect,which is worth further promotion and research.

Pneumocephalus Following Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia: A Case Report Analysis

Background: Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) is widely used in clinical anesthesia due to its rapid onset, reliable anesthetic effect, and strong controllability. Although advancements in technique have reduced the frequency and severity of common complications, reports of rare and serious complications such as pneumocephalus, remain scarce. Case Report: This article presents a case of pneumocephalus following CSEA in a middle-aged female patient undergoing surgery for an intrauterine space-occupying lesion. The patient experienced severe headache postoperatively, and imaging confirmed the presence of intracranial air. After receiving active symptomatic treatment, the patient recovered and was discharged. Conclusion: This case underscores the importance of adhering to standard anesthesia protocols and increasing awareness of rare CSEA complications, particularly the risk of pneumocephalus. Early recognition and timely management are crucial. There is a need to further enhance training and research in anesthetic procedures to improve clinical anesthesia quality and ensure patient safety.

Mechanisms of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury and clinical anesthesia-related protections

This review focuses on the mechanisms involved in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) injury and effective therapeutic treatments associated with clinical anesthesia. Although hepatocytes are the main target cells in the whole process of I/R injury, Kupffer cells, as an initiator of harmful cascades, may play a vital role by releasing some proinflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species in the early phase of I/R injury. The subsequent activation and recruitment of neutrophils are also involved in inflammatory response and immune activation. According to the above mechanisms, a number of strategies have been put forward in some experimental and clinical studies. Most of these therapeutic treatments originated from the generation of oxygen radicals and cytokines, the infiltration of neutrophils, the impairment of microcirculation and so on. Furthermore, increasing evidence has suggested that short periods of ischemic preconditioning have protective effects against liver I/R injury. Depending on these investigations, pharmacological preconditioning and clinical anesthesia-related effective methods have been proposed. A better understanding of the present progress on experimental statistics will bring about novel therapeutic treatments for the improvement of liver surgeries and transplantation.

Effect of CBL Combined with Case Analysis in the Teaching of Clinical Anesthesia

Objective:To evaluate the effect of CBL(case-based learning)combined with case analysis in the teaching of clinical anesthesia.Methods:From June 2018 to June 2020,a total of 100 clinical anesthesia interns in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into two groups,the reference group(50 interns)and the study group(50 interns),by random sampling method.The reference group was under the traditional teaching method,whereas for the study group,CBL combined with case analysis was implemented.The teaching satisfaction and achievement of the interns in both the groups were evaluated.Results:The teaching satisfaction of the study group was 98%,which was significantly higher than that of the reference group(86%)(P<0.05);before teaching,there was no significant difference in the theoretical and clinical practice scores between the two groups(P>0.05);however,after teaching,the theoretical and clinical practice scores of the two groups increased significantly,in which the change of the research group was significantly greater than that of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of CBL combined with case analysis in the teaching of clinical anesthesia has an ideal effect,improving the teaching satisfaction and achievement.It is a high-quality teaching method and is worthy of application.

SUMMARY OF CLINICAL STUDY ON ACUPUNCTURE COMBINED WITH EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA FOR CHOLECYSTECTOMY

Objective: TO study clinical effect and anesthetic method of acupuncture anesthesia combined with epidural administration of small dose of anesthetic for cholecystectomy. Methods: A total of 194 cases of cholecystectomy patients were randomly divided into acupuncture combined with epidural anesthesia group (group A, n = 66), acupoint-skin electrical stimulation combined with epidural anesthesia group (group B, n = 63) and simple epidural anesthesia group (group C, n=65). Observations were conducted using single-bland method. Bilateral Neiguan (PC 6) and Zusanli (ST 36) were punctured and stimulated electrically in group A and only stimulated electrically via cutaneous electrodes in group B. Epidural anesthetic used was 1.5% Lidocaine and the anesthetic level was controlled to reach T4-11 . Results: The class-I (excellent) rates of group A, B and C were 75.76%, 60.32% and 13.85% respectively, showing significant differences between group A and C and group B and C (P <0.001). The initial dose, doses of every hour and every case of group A and B were lower than those of group C. The dose of every hour of group C was 36.23% and 3. 75% higher then group A and B respectively (P < 0. 001), suggesting that acupuncture or acupoint-skin electrical stimulation could strengthen anesthetic effect and reduce the dose of epidural anesthetic. During operation, indexes of the life signs as HR, MAP, RR, TV, MV, SpO2 and ECG kept basically stable and all patients in group A passed surgical operation safely. Conclusion: Acupuncture or acupoint-skin electrical stimulation combined with epidural anesthesia can be used as one of the anesthetic methods for cholecystectomy.

Application of ultrasound in the diagnosis of clinical anesthesia

During the past 10 years, the rapid development of ultrasound technology in clinical anesthesia has become one of the hot clinical researches. Researches in this area home and abroad also made great progress. On the one hand due to improved high-resolution portable ultrasound instrument and probe technology, ultrasound changed from a purely clinical diagnostic into the operating room; on the other hand, with the traditional method of anesthesia increasingly unable to meet the clinical requirements, it is an objective need of technological innovation for clinical anesthesia. And ultrasound has non-invasive, real-time, visible and repeatable characteristics which are able to provide accurate data and rich means for preoperative assessment, intraoperative monitoring and treatment of pain in pre-clinical anesthesia

知识技能大赛在麻醉科临床实习带教中的应用效果

目的:探讨知识技能大赛在麻醉科临床实习带教中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年7月—2022年12月于广州医科大学附属第一医院麻醉科实习的麻醉专业本科学生50名作为研究对象,其中于2021年7—12月进行实习的25名学生作为对照组,于2022年7—12月进行实习的25名学生作为试验组。对照组实施常规带教模式,试验组在对照组基础上,于实习第40周进行知识技能竞赛带教模式。比较两组考核成绩、教学效果。结果:试验组理论考试成绩、技能操作考试成绩、出科考试成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组自主学习能力、临床分析能力、临床操作能力、专业素养评分及总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:知识技能大赛在麻醉科临床实习带教中的应用效果较好,可提高学生理论考试成绩、技能操作考试成绩、出科考试成绩,保证教学质量。

Clinical Effect of Electroacupuncture Baihui and Neiguan Acupoint on Cognitive Function Recovery in Elderly Patients after General Anesthesia

Objective:To study and analyze the clinical effect of electroacupuncture at Baihui and Neiguan Points on cognitive function recovery of elderly patients after general anesthesia.Methods:The subjects were 80 elderly patients who received general anesthesia from January 2019 to February 2021.According to different anesthesia methods,they were divided into research group(electroacupuncture at Baihui and Neiguan combined with conventional drug anesthesia)and control group(simple drug anesthesia).The postoperative cognitive function recovery of the two groups was observed and compared.Results:Compared with the control group,the MMSE score and POCD incidence of research group were significantly better.There was significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Conclusion electroacupuncture at Baihui and Neiguan combined with conventional drug anesthesia can promote the recovery of cognitive function and prevent cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients under general anesthesia.

全麻术后患者转运安全现状与临床工作人员运动性疲劳的关系

目的调查全麻术后患者转运安全性现状,探讨其与临床工作人员运动性疲劳的相关性。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2022年8~10月上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院403例全麻术后患者,按照患者转运安全性的评判标准,分为风险组(转运存在风险,n=46)和安全组(转运安全,n=357);按照患者转运后引流管滑脱情况,分为滑脱组(n=38)和未滑脱组(n=365)。记录患者一般资料与搬运时间,观察转运前后生命体征、氧饱度和疼痛变化,分析转运安全性的影响因素;选择参与上述403例患者转运的工作人员(1209名临床工作人员),采用主观疲劳量表进行测评,分析其与转运安全性的相关性。结果全麻术后患者搬运时间为(53.98±6.67)s,临床工作人员运动性疲劳总体得分为(13.12±2.60)分;二元logistic回归分析显示:性别、手术部位、搬运时间与疼痛变化幅度是全麻术后患者转运发生风险的重要影响因素。临床工作人员在风险组患者的运动性疲劳得分高于安全组,在滑脱组患者的运动性疲劳得分高于未滑脱组。Spearman相关性分析显示:患者转运前后心率与收缩压变化幅度与临床工作人员的运动性疲劳均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论全麻术后患者存在中低水平的转运风险,性别、手术部位、搬运时间与疼痛变化幅度是患者转运发生风险的危险因素。临床工作人员的运动性疲劳总体处于中高水平,且与患者的转运安全性息息相关。

腹腔镜手术中呼气末二氧化碳分压监测在临床麻醉中的应用

目的探讨呼气末二氧化碳分压(PETCO_(2))监测能否准确反映全麻下腹腔镜手术在二氧化碳气腹下动脉血二氧化碳水平。方法回顾性分析2021年1月至2023年2月襄阳职业技术学院附属医院收治的80例全麻下腹腔镜手术患者的临床资料,监测二氧化碳气腹前后患者PETCO_(2)与动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))的变化,分析二者的相关性,同时记录手术期间发现不良事件的能力。结果患者二氧化碳气腹前后PETCO_(2)与PaCO_(2)的变化均有显著性差异(P<0.05);而发现术中不良事件的能力方面,PETCO_(2)灵敏性明显优于PaCO_(2),二者比较有极显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论临床麻醉中应用PETCO_(2)监测全麻下腹腔镜手术可以有效反映二氧化碳水平变化,具有连续性,亦能更及时发现手术中不良事件,有较高的临床价值。

艾司氯胺酮的临床应用进展

艾司氯胺酮是氯胺酮的纯右旋同分异构体,与谷氨酸N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体和μ阿片受体亲和力更高,具有更强的镇静、镇痛、抗抑郁等作用,并且起效和消除迅速,抑制呼吸作用弱,可轻微兴奋循环系统,可扩张气管及支气管,不良反应发生率低,在精神疾病领域和临床麻醉应用广泛。本文对其临床应用及不良反应进行综述,以期为艾司氯胺酮在医疗使用中提供借鉴和参考。

艾司氯胺酮在心血管手术中的应用进展

艾司氯胺酮是氯胺酮的旋光异构体,兼有镇静、镇痛和遗忘三重作用,在药效和可控性等方面均优于消旋氯胺酮,目前已在欧美等国家广泛应用于麻醉、急救及重症等领域,在国内临床多用于镇静、镇痛、抗抑郁等。艾司氯胺酮在心血管手术中有利于维持稳定的血流动力学、减少炎性因子分泌、缓解术后疼痛。艾司氯胺酮具有拟交感神经作用,可用于血流动力学不稳定及急性心梗患者的麻醉诱导。本文综述了艾司氯胺酮用于心血管手术围术期临床应用价值和局限性,为艾司氯胺酮在心血管手术围术期的应用提供参考。

艾司氯胺酮临床应用的研究进展

氯胺酮一直作为非巴比妥类静脉麻醉药广泛应用于临床麻醉和镇静,其右旋异构体艾司氯胺酮于2019年在我国上市,镇静、镇痛效果优于氯胺酮且不良反应更少。本文将针对艾司氯胺酮在精神神经系统疾病、临床麻醉及急危重症等领域的临床应用及常见不良反应作一系统综述,以期对临床使用提供参考。

数字化医疗在儿童术后疼痛管理中的应用前景

近年来,随着数字化医疗在医学麻醉领域应用逐渐广泛,其在儿童术后疼痛管理中的作用日益受到关注。数字化医疗不仅为儿童术后疼痛的术前预测、术后监测评估及治疗管理提供了新思路,同时为麻醉医生制定最佳术后疼痛管理策略提供了新方案。本文通过回顾数字化医疗及其在临床麻醉中的应用,对该疗法在儿童术后疼痛管理方面的应用前景进行综述,以期加深临床医师的认知。

剖宫产行小剂量罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔麻醉的临床效果

目的:分析剖宫产行小剂量罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔麻醉的临床效果。方法:选择湖北省黄冈市妇幼保健院2021年8月~2022年7月剖宫产产妇共120例,按数字表随机分两组,每组60例,对照组的产妇给予单纯罗哌卡因蛛网膜下腔麻醉,观察组行小剂量罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔麻醉。比较两组起效、持续、恢复时间、两组Bromage评分、感觉阻滞最高平面和新生儿Apgar评分/治疗前后产妇平均动脉压、麻醉优良率、不良反应。结果:与对照组比较,观察组麻醉剂起效时间、麻醉剂持续时间均明显降低,痛觉恢复时间明显延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组Bromage评分明显降低,感觉阻滞最高平面明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组新生儿Apgar评分之间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。麻醉前二组产妇平均动脉压比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),麻醉后5 min观察组平均动脉压波动显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组麻醉优良率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:剖宫产行小剂量罗哌卡因复合舒芬太尼蛛网膜下腔麻醉的临床效果确切,可维持术中动脉压稳定,减少不良反应,且麻醉起效快,持续时间更长,恢复更快,对新生儿无不良影响。

舒芬太尼与右美托咪定在术后镇痛中的应用效果研究

目的探讨术后镇痛中应用舒芬太尼与右美托咪定的效果。方法98例全身麻醉手术患者,按照盲抽法分为对照组与实验组,各49例。两组患者均在手术前使用舒芬太尼进行麻醉,对照组患者术后使用舒芬太尼镇痛,实验组患者术后则使用舒芬太尼+右美托咪定进行镇痛。对比两组患者相关时间指标(气管拔除时间、自主呼吸恢复时间、意识清醒时间),术后疼痛评分,并发症发生情况。结果实验组患者的气管拔除时间、自主呼吸恢复时间、意识清醒时间分别为(9.53±3.57)、(10.21±3.86)、(31.57±5.82)min,均短于对照组的(14.67±4.62)、(13.86±4.21)、(49.46±6.34)min,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组患者术后2、12、24 h的疼痛评分分别为(5.26±1.34)、(2.43±0.62)、(1.37±0.52)分,均低于对照组的(6.43±1.57)、(3.85±0.97)、(2.72±0.75)分,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组患者的并发症发生率为6.12%(3/49),显著低于对照组的20.41%(10/49),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论舒芬太尼与右美托咪定在术后镇痛中的疗效显著,不仅可以帮助患者改善相关临床指标,而且在降低疼痛度与并发症发生率方面发挥着重要作用,可值得大力借鉴与推广。

局部麻醉与全身麻醉下行STN-DBS治疗帕金森病临床效果对比观察

目的对比观察局部麻醉与全身麻醉下行丘脑底核脑深部电刺激术(STN-DBS)治疗帕金森病的临床效果。方法选择帕金森病患者63例,在局部麻醉下行STN-DBS治疗30例(局麻组)、在全身麻醉下行STN-DBS治疗33例(全麻组)。治疗前与治疗后3个月,采用统一帕金森病评定量表Ⅲ(UPDRS-Ⅲ)评分评估运动功能。术中微电极记录STN放电频率;根据放电活动判断STN与微电极的相对位置,计算定位记录长度;术后接受磁共振成像检查,探查计划位置坐标与电极实际植入位置,计算坐标误差。治疗前与治疗后3个月,采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评分评估认知功能,测量立位与卧位血压、搏动指数(PI)、大脑中动脉平均流速(Vm),计算立位与卧位平均动脉压差值(ΔMAP)、PI差值(ΔPI)、Vm差值(ΔVm)。记录围手术期麻醉、刺激、硬件相关并发症。结果两组治疗后开期和关期UPDRS-Ⅲ评分均低于治疗前(P均<0.05),两组治疗后开期和关期UPDRS-Ⅲ评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。全麻组STN放电频率、定位记录长度均低于局麻组(P均<0.05),而两组坐标误差比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗后MoCA各维度评分均高于治疗前(P均<0.05),两组治疗后MoCA各维度评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。局麻组治疗后ΔMAP、ΔPI、ΔVm均低于治疗前(P均<0.05),全麻组治疗前后ΔMAP、ΔPI、ΔVm比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05);全麻组治疗后ΔMAP、ΔPI、ΔVm均高于局麻组治疗后(P均<0.05)。局麻组手术当日出现脑出血2例,经保守治疗后好转,两组均未发生其他麻醉、刺激、硬件相关并发症。结论全身麻醉与局部麻醉下行STN-DBS对于改善帕金森病患者运动功能和认知功能的临床效果相当,但全身麻醉下脑血流自动调节功能稳定,有利于准确定位靶点。

全身麻醉对婴幼儿大脑发育影响的临床研究

目的探讨全身麻醉对婴幼儿术后大脑发育的影响。方法对2012—2015年期间年龄为0~3岁时在广西医科大学第一附属医院接受全身麻醉下的手术治疗儿童(研究组)共429例在其3~6岁时进行回顾性分析。按照研究组儿童生活的城市地区、年龄、性别、民族等特征采取1∶1配对设计,选取0~3岁期间未接受过全身麻醉的3~6岁儿童共429例作为对照。查阅和记录研究组儿童的麻醉记录单及基本信息,将研究组儿童按麻醉时长分为三组:<1 h组(A1组)、1~2 h组(A2组)、>2 h组(A3组),按手术麻醉次数分为两组:单次组(B1组)、2次组(B2组),按苏醒时间分为三组:<30 min组(C1组)、30~60 min组(C2组)、>60 min组(C3组)。采用韦氏幼儿智力量表第四版(WPPSI-IV)综合评估上述儿童的总体认知能力及智力活动水平,Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)总得分评估儿童行为、情绪和社会能力,盖塞尔发展量表(Gesell)评价儿童的中枢神经系统功能及发育水平。结果适用2岁6个月~4岁前韦氏智力量表的儿童中:与对照组比较,研究组儿童的工作记忆指数得分降低;适用4岁~6岁11个月韦氏智力量表的儿童中:与对照组比较,研究组儿童的言语理解指数、流体推理指数、加工速度指数、工作记忆指数得分和盖塞尔量表的发育商数降低(P<0.05)。与麻醉时长A1组、A2组比较,A3组的总智商、工作记忆指数得分降低(P<0.05);与手术麻醉次数B1组比较,B2组的总智商、工作记忆指数、发育商数得分降低(P<0.05);各组间苏醒时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论婴幼儿在大脑发育期接受全身麻醉可能对其神经系统发育产生影响,接受2次或时长大于2 h全身麻醉的婴幼儿在智力发育的过程中的短时记忆和存储、加工以及输出信息的能力更易受影响。

情景模拟联合反思教学法在非麻醉专业本科生临床教学中的应用

为探讨情景模拟和反思教学相结合的教学方法应用于非麻醉专业本科生麻醉科实习期间的效果,选取60名学生随机分为试验组和对照组,分别实施情景模拟联合反思性教学法和常规实习带教方法。比较两组学生对教学方法的认可度和满意度、出科考试的理论成绩、实践技能操作水平。实践表明,反思性教学配合情景模拟教学法能充分激发学生对围术期医学相关知识的兴趣,有利于急危救治能力的培养,值得进一步推广。

异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼应用于老年高血压患者手术麻醉中的临床效果评价

目的 探讨异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼应用于老年高血压患者手术麻醉中的临床效果。方法 126例老年高血压患者,随机分为研究组和对照组,每组63例。对照组予以异丙酚麻醉维持,研究组在对照组的基础上复合瑞芬太尼进行麻醉维持。比较两组患者麻醉效果(异丙酚用量、意识消失时间、苏醒时间、不良反应发生情况、定向力恢复时间);治疗前后的视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、镇静评分标准(Ramsay)评分;不同时间血流动力学指标[心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、收缩压(SBP)及舒张压(DBP)]。结果 研究组丙泊酚用量(88.26±23.37)mg少于对照组的(109.08±23.74)mg,意识消失时间(30.26±9.37)s、苏醒时间(287.51±18.93)s、定向力恢复时间(341.17±10.97)s均短于对照组的(37.08±10.74)、(335.65±19.28)、(441.45±15.84)s,不良反应发生率3.2%低于对照组的12.7%(P<0.05)。麻醉后,研究组患者VAS评分(1.22±0.13)分低于对照组的(3.11±0.12)分, Ramsay评分(4.21±0.45)分高于对照组的(2.37±0.54)分(P<0.05)。气管插管之后即刻(T1)、手术开始即刻(T2)、结束手术时(T3)时,研究组的HR、MAP、SBP、DBP均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼应用于老年高血压患者手术中的麻醉效果更加显著,镇痛时间更长,可以缓解患者术后应激反应,降低不良反应发生率,改善患者血流动力学水平,使患者尽快苏醒,值得推广。