Effect of ultrasound-guided pleural paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia on serum monocyte chemokinin-1, interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 levels in patients with early breast cancer after modified radical mastectomy

Objective: To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided pleural paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia on serum monocyte chemokinin-1 (McP-1), interleukin-6 (il-1) and il-10 levels in patients with early breast cancer after modified radical mastectomy. Methods: A total of 76 patients with early breast cancer from October 2015 to July 2018 were selected from our hospital and divided into study group (n=38) and control group (n=38). The control group received general anesthesia, and the study group received ultrasound-guided paravertebral block combined with general anesthesia. Data of two groups of perioperative situation (PCIA press the number, volume of intraoperative sufentanil and PACU time), preoperative and postoperative 12 h, 24 h serum factor (MCP-1, IL-6, IL-10) level, after 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h, 24 h when pain (VAS) score, preoperative (T1), 15 min after the anesthesia (T2), 5 min after surgery (T3) hemodynamic state [heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP)], the incidence of adverse reactions were counted. Results: (1) Perioperative status: PCIA presses, intraoperative dose of sufentanil and PACU duration in the study group were less than those in the control group. (2) Serum factors: there was no significant difference in serum McP-1, il-6 and il-10 levels between the two groups before operation. The serum levels of McP-1, il-6 and il-10 in the two groups 12 h after operation were higher than those before operation. The serum levels of McP-1, il-6 and il-10 in the two groups at 24 h after surgery were significantly lower than those at 12 h after surgery, and the serum levels of McP-1, il-6 and il-10 in the group at 12 h and 24 h after surgery were lower than those of the control group. (3) Pain degree: the VAS score of the study group at 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 12 h and 24 h after surgery was lower than that of the control group. (4) Hemodynamics: there was no significant difference in HR and MAP between the two groups during T1, HR and MAP in T2 were lower than those in T1, but the level of each indicator in the study group was higher than that in the control group. (5) Adverse Reactions: the incidence of adverse reactions was lower in the study group (10.53%) than in the control group (28.95%). Conclusion: The application of ultrasound guided early breast cancer modified radical block complex general anesthesia thoracic vertebra, can reduce the dosage of anesthetic drugs, shorten the PACU, residence time, reduce postoperative pain, maintain stable hemodynamic state, inhibiting inflammatory reaction caused by surgical trauma degree, and can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and has safety.

Fifty-Year-Follow-up Results Compared with Shorter Follow-up of Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Radical Mastectomy with or without Adjuvant Radiotherapy

Background: To evaluate the effect of follow-up length on the outcome of breast cancer patients, we compared the 50- and 25-year follow-up results in terms of cure rate, overall mortality and mortalities from breast cancer, second cancer, and benign diseases. Methods: 763 patients treated for breast cancer between February 1953 and September 1976, were followed up until December 2014. They were divided into two cohorts;earlier cohort exclusively underwent radical mastectomy plus adjuvant radiotherapy, while later cohort had radical mastectomy alone. Assuming that in all patients follow-up was terminated at 50 or 25 years after diagnosis, likelihood ratio test and stratified Log-rank tests were performed to evaluate the differences in cure rate and overall survival between the two cohorts. Results: During the 50 years, radical mastectomy alone compared with radical mastectomy plus adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with a significantly higher cure rate, and higher survivals regardless of whether the death was from breast cancer, second cancer, benign causes or any causes. However, if follow-up information is limited to 25 years, the advantage of radical mastectomy alone is partly offset and the survival difference between the two cohorts becomes less significant. Conclusion: Radiotherapy to breast cancer may adversely affect not only mortality from breast cancer, but mortalities unrelated to breast cancer. Since such deaths occur later, they may fail to be detected unless follow-up is long enough. Thus, deleterious effects of radiotherapy may be underestimated. Exceedingly long follow-up is required to accurately estimate the cure rate and the long-term effect of radiotherapy.

Effect of Breast Conserving Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy(SLNB)and Modified Radical Mastectomy on Patients with Early Breast Cancer

Objective:To study the clinical effect of breast conserving combined with sentinel lymph node biopsy and modified radical mastectomy in patients with early breast cancer.Methods:Female patients with early breast cancer in clinical stage I and II were selected as the main objects of this study,the study period started from July 2017 to July 2020.In the breast conserving and sentinel lymph node biopsy patients,50 cases were randomly selected as the experimental group;50 cases in the modified radical mastectomy patients were randomly selected as the control group.The clinical intervention effect of the two groups was analyzed.Results:the perioperative indexes of the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group,the patients recovered faster,the incidence of complications in the experimental group was lower,and the quality of life scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant,the intervention effect of the experimental group was also better.Conclusion:The application of breast conserving and sentinel lymph node biopsy in the treatment of early breast cancer can promote the recovery of patients,shorten the operation time and reduce the rate of complications,which has significant clinical significance.

Effect of Ketamine Instillation on Acute and Chronic Post Mastectomy Pain, a Dose Finding Clinical Study

Background: Uncontrolled acute postoperative pain is considered a risk factor for the development of chronic pain afterward. Objectives: To explore the most effective dose of ketamine instillation (1 of 3 doses: 1, 2, or 3 mg/kg) for acute and chronic post mastectomy pain (PMP). Methods: Ninety female patients with cancer breast, aged (18 - 60 yrs), weighted (50 - 90 kg), scheduled for modified radical mastectomy, randomly allocated into 3 groups to receive ketamine instillation after surgical homeostasis before wound closure (1 of 3 doses;1, 2, or 3 mg/kg as A, B or C groups respectively) patients were followed up for 48 h for acute pain (total morphine consumption, the first request of analgesia and visual analog scale at rest and movement (VASR/M), chronic pain by Leeds assessment of neuropathic signs and symptoms (LANSS) for six-months, hemodynamics, and side effects. Results: Median total dose of morphine consumption was 8 mg (5 - 10) versus 6 mg (6 - 7) in A and B groups respectively in the first 48 h postoperatively. Lowest VASR/M was recorded in C then B and lastly A group (P = 0.037). No patients in the C group requested analgesia versus thirty (100%) and nine (30%) patients in the A and B groups respectively with the first request of analgesia was 12 h (5 - 36) in the A group versus 30 h (12 - 36) in the B group respectively (P Conclusion: Ketamine instillation effectively controlled acute post mastectomy pain (PMP) in a dose-dependent manner and reduced the incidence and severity of chronic pain in patients who undergoing a modified radical mastectomy.

针对患者自我报告症状的护理干预在乳腺癌根治术患者中的应用效果

目的探讨基于患者自我报告症状的护理方案干预措施在乳腺癌根治术患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年6月—2022年6月医院收治的乳腺癌根治手术患者92例为研究对象,按基本资料具有可比性的原则将患者分为观察组和对照组各46例,对照组围手术期行常规性护理,观察组围手术期实施基于患者自我报告症状的护理方案,记录两组相关症状发生率、症状持续时间,比较两组干预前后症状严重程度评分及患者生活质量改善情况。结果观察组术后疼痛、疲乏、焦虑、睡眠障碍、患肢水肿等发生率依次为13.04%、17.39%、10.87%、10.87%、8.69%,对照组相关症状发生率依次为39.13%、56.52%、54.35%、47.83%、52.17%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组疼痛、睡眠障碍、疲乏、肢体水肿、焦虑等症状持续时间依次为2.02±0.32 d、2.63±0.38 d、2.22±0.42 d、2.85±1.21 d、2.63±0.63d,对照组相关症状持续时间依次为4.92±0.42 d、4.89±0.86 d、4.33±0.86 d、4.52±0.85 d、5.02±0.85d,两组相关症状持续时间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后观察组乳腺癌生存质量评定量表(FACT-B)总评分为120.49±6.97分,对照组FACT-B总评分为98.30±5.78分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于患者自我报告症状的护理方案能有效减少乳腺癌根治术患者术后不良症状发生率及持续时间,有助于患者功能状态恢复,提高患者生活质量。

Effects of music therapy on depression and duration of hospital stay of breast cancer patients after radical mastectomy

Background Breast cancer remains the most important cancer among women worldwide. The disease itself and treatment may have a profound impact on the patients＇ psychological well being and quality of life. Depression is common in breast cancer patients and affects the therapeutic effects as well as prolongs the duration of hospital stay. However, few studies reported the effectiveness of music therapy on depression and duration of hospital stay of female patients with breast cancer after radical mastectomy. Methods One hundred and twenty subjects were recruited to this clinical trial and randomly allocated to two groups. The experimental group （n=60） received music therapy on the basis of routine nursing care, whereas the control group （n=-60） only received the routine nursing care. The whole intervention time was from the first day after radical mastectomy to the third time of admission to hospital for chemotherapy. Data of demographic characteristics and depression were collected by using the General Questionnaire and Chinese version of Zung Self-rating Depression Scale （ZSDS） respectively. One pre-test （the day before radical mastectomy） and three post-tests （the day before discharge from hospital, the second and third admission to hospital for chemotherapy） were utilized. Duration of hospital stay was calculated from the first day after radical mastectomy to the day of discharged from hospital. Results The mean depression score of all subjects was 37.19±6.30. Thirty-six cases （30%） suffered from depression symptoms, with 26 （72.2%） mild depression cases, 9 （25.0%） moderate depression cases, and 1 （2.8%） severe depression case. After music therapy, depression scores of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group in the three post-tests, with significant differences （F=39.13, P 〈0.001; F=82.09, P 〈0.001）. Duration of hospital stay after radical mastectomy of the experimental group （（13.62±2.04） days） was shorter than that of the control group （（15.53±2.75） days） with significant difference （t=-4.34, P 〈0.001）. Conclusions Music therapy has positive effects on improving depression of female patients with breast cancer, and duration of hospital stay after radical mastectomy can be reduced. It is worthy of applying music therapy as an alternative way of nursing intervention in clinical nursing process of caring female patients with breast cancer.

体素内不相干运动成像联合动态增强MRI评估乳腺癌改良根治术后复发的价值

目的探讨体素内不相干运动成像(IVIM)联合动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)对乳腺癌改良根治术后复发的评估价值。方法采用前瞻性研究,选择拟行改良根治术的乳腺癌患者作为研究对象。所有患者术前均接受IVIM与DCE-MRI检查,检测IVIM参数[单纯水分子扩散系数(D值)、灌注分数(f值)、假性扩散系数(D^(*)值)]与DCE-MRI定量参数[容量转移常数(Ktrans)、血管外细胞外容积分数(Ve)、速率常数(Kep)],实施乳腺癌改良根治术治疗,随访1年,统计随访期间患者复发情况,分析乳腺癌患者术前IVIM参数及DCE-MRI参数与术后复发的关系。同时绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析术前IVIM参数、DCE-MRI参数对乳腺癌患者术后复发的预测价值。结果共纳入105例乳腺癌患者,术后随访1年,复发34例,占比32.38%。复发组患者术前Ktrans、Kep高于未复发组,Ve低于未复发组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。复发组患者术前D值低于未复发组,f值、D^(*)值高于未复发组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经过点二列相关性分析,术前Ktrans、Kep、f值、D^(*)值与乳腺癌患者术后复发呈正相关关系(γ>0,P<0.05);Ve、D值与乳腺癌患者术后复发呈负相关关系(γ<0,P<0.05)。绘制ROC曲线结果显示,Ktrans、Ve、Kep、D值、f值、D^(*)值单独预测乳腺癌患者术后复发的AUC均>0.7,联合预测的AUC>0.9,预测价值更高。结论术前IVIM与DCE-MRI检查对乳腺癌患者改良根治术后复发具有重要的评估价值,IVIM参数联合DCE-MRI定量参数可以作为乳腺癌患者改良根治术后复发的有效预测指标。

深圳地区119例乳腺癌患者术后佩戴义乳现状调查及影响佩戴质量的因素分析

目的:调查深圳地区乳腺癌术后患者的义乳佩戴情况,探讨影响义乳佩戴质量相关因素,为制定有效的护理决策提供依据。方法:通过“汝康云”乳腺癌康复俱乐部平台,采取网络微信调查问卷的形式,对2012年5月至2020年5月期间119例乳腺癌改良根治术后患者佩戴义乳相关认知内容进行调查,并分析调查的结果。结果:79.83%乳腺癌患者知道义乳的存在,52.10%患者有获取义乳佩戴的途径。80.00%的患者认为义乳可以改善形体缺失,达到美观作用;61.05%的患者认为可维持身体平衡;47.37%的患者认为还可保护胸部。半数以上(52.10%)的患者有佩戴义乳的需求,能够接受的义乳价位主要集中在>200~≤500元之间。结论:义乳佩戴的宣传力度不够、患者对义乳作用认识不全、患者对义乳佩戴需求差异可能是影响义乳佩戴的关键因素。

优质护理模式在乳腺癌改良根治术后患者中的应用效果

目的探讨优质护理模式在乳腺癌改良根治术后患者中的应用效果。方法回顾性选取2021年7月至2023年6月泰安市肿瘤防治院肿瘤科收治的157例乳腺癌患者为研究对象,根据护理方案的不同分为干预组(75例)和对照组(82例)。干预组采用优质护理方案,对照组采用常规护理方案。比较两组焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、生活质量评分及护理总满意率。结果干预后,干预组的SAS、SDS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,干预组的功能领域、症状领域和特异性症状评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预组护理总满意率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论优质护理模式能够改善乳腺癌改良根治术后患者的心理状态和生活质量,提高患者满意度。

乳腔镜下行保留乳头乳晕复合体的乳腺癌改良根治手术在女性早期乳腺癌患者中的应用效果

目的探讨乳腔镜下行保留乳头乳晕复合体的乳腺癌改良根治手术(MRM)在早期乳腺癌患者中的治疗效果。方法选取2021年1月—2023年9月白银市第一人民医院及甘肃省第三人民医院收治的80例早期乳腺癌患者为研究对象,根据所采用手术方法不同将研究对象分为对照组和观察组。对照组(n=41)行乳腺癌改良根治术,观察组(n=39)行乳腔镜下保留乳头乳晕复合体的MRM。对比两组围术期指标、肿瘤标志物、乳房外观满意度及生活质量。结果观察组术中出血量少于对照组,引流时间短于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前及术后3个月,两组癌胚抗原、糖类抗原125水平比较,组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组乳房外观满意率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月,观察组乳腺癌生活质量量表各个维度评分均高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论乳腔镜下保留乳头乳晕复合体的MRM治疗早期乳腺癌,患者术后恢复快,可提高乳房外观满意度,增强生活质量。

1例双侧乳腺癌不同术式后保留PICC患者的护理

总结1例行左侧乳腺癌改良根治术、右侧乳房重建术患者成功保留患肢PICC的护理经验。护理重点包括术前多学科评估保留PICC的利弊,制定和实施周密的综合护理方案;加强对症管理、康复锻炼,加强营养支持及心理康复;强化延续护理。结果患者术后住院18 d,切口愈合好,携带PICC出院。出院后继续相关治疗至治疗结束拔除PICC,共留置338 d(入院前留置128 d,住院期间留置85 d,出院后留置125 d),未发生PICC相关并发症。

不同厚度补偿膜对乳腺癌放疗剂量的影响探讨

目的探讨不同厚度补偿膜对乳腺癌放疗剂量的影响。方法选择40例乳腺癌根治术后患者,所有患者均采用三维适形调强放疗技术,靶区包括胸壁和锁骨上区,放疗设计中在胸壁表面先后添加0.5 cm和1.0 cm厚紧贴患者体表的虚拟等效组织补偿膜,比较两种厚度补偿膜时乳腺癌放疗计划中的剂量分布和加速器跳数。结果两种厚度补偿膜时乳腺癌放疗计划中的靶区覆盖率、靶区均匀性指数、靶区最大剂量、靶区最小剂量、靶区平均剂量等剂量参数均无显著差异(P>0.05)。0.5 cm厚度补偿膜时加速器跳数为(113.64±11.73)次,1.0 cm厚度补偿膜时加速器跳数为(125.83±12.52)次,两者比较存在差异(P<0.05)。结论不同厚度补偿膜对乳腺癌放疗计划中的剂量分布无明显影响,但是1.0 cm厚度补偿膜时,可能导致放疗时间和成本增加。因此,在制定放疗计划时,应综合考虑患者情况和资源可用性,选择合适的补偿膜厚度,以达到最佳的放疗效果。

改良根治术与保乳手术治疗早期乳腺癌的疗效及术后并发症观察

目的探讨改良根治术与保乳手术治疗早期乳腺癌的疗效及术后并发症情况。方法78例早期乳腺癌患者,按手术方法的不同分为对照组与观察组,每组39例。对照组使用改良根治术进行治疗,观察组使用保乳手术进行治疗。比较两组手术指标、并发症发生情况、复发情况、乳房美容效果、生活质量。结果观察组术中出血量(268.45±32.16)ml、术后引流量(170.95±28.37)ml均少于对照组的(433.54±50.27)、(382.62±52.08)ml,手术时间(162.31±23.05)min、住院时间(12.13±2.65)d均短于对照组的(221.47±29.26)min、(15.48±3.16)d(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率7.69%明显低于对照组的38.46%(P<0.05);观察组1年复发率与对照组相当(P>0.05)。观察组乳房美容优良率94.87%明显高于对照组的74.36%(P<0.05)。术后6个月,观察组生理状况、功能状况、社会状况、情感状况、附加关注、睡眠状况、依从状况评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论改良根治术与保乳手术对早期乳腺癌的根治效果相当,但保乳手术创伤更小,术后并发症发生率低,美容效果好,能更好的提升生活质量。

赋能理论指导对乳腺癌根治术患者心理压力和婚姻质量的影响

目的 探讨赋能理论指导对乳腺癌根治术患者心理压力和婚姻质量的影响。方法 选择2021年2月至2022年6月浙江省丽水市中心医院收治的81例乳腺癌根治术患者,使用随机数字表法将患者分为常规组(41例,常规护理干预)和赋能组(40例,在对照基础上采用赋能理论指导),均干预2个月。比较两组心理压力、自我效能和婚姻质量。结果 干预后,两组抑郁自评量表和焦虑自评量表评分均低于干预前,且赋能组低于常规组(P<0.05)。两组自卑感量表、自我效能感量表及Olson婚姻质量调查问卷评分均高于干预前,且赋能组高于常规组(P<0.05)。结论 在赋能理论视角下能显著改善乳腺癌根治术患者的心理压力,增强自尊水平,提高自我效能及婚姻生活质量。

亚麻醉剂量艾司氯胺酮对乳腺癌根治术后慢性疼痛的影响

目的:探讨亚麻醉剂量艾司氯胺酮对乳腺癌根治术患者术后慢性疼痛(CPSP)的影响。方法:招募2021年11月至2022年3月于本院择期行乳腺癌根治术的患者120例,年龄35~64岁,ASA分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ级。随机将患者分为艾司氯胺酮组和舒芬太尼组,每组60例。麻醉诱导开始时,艾司氯胺酮组静注艾司氯胺酮0.3 mg/kg和舒芬太尼0.2μg/kg,麻醉维持期间艾司氯胺酮的给药速率为0.25 mg·kg^(-1)·h^(-1),持续吸入七氟烷1%~2%,术毕前30 min停用,术毕即刻给予经静脉患者自控镇痛(patient controlled intravenous analgesia,PCIA)泵,镇痛泵配方为100 mg的艾司氯胺酮+100μg的舒芬太尼+10 mg的托烷司琼,用生理盐水稀释至100 mL。麻醉诱导开始时,舒芬太尼组静脉注射舒芬太尼0.5μg/kg,麻醉维持期间瑞芬太尼的给药速率为0.1~0.3µg·kg^(-1)·min^(-1),术毕前5 min停用,持续吸入七氟烷1%~2%,术毕前30 min停用,PCIA泵配方为150μg的舒芬太尼+10 mg的托烷司琼,用生理盐水稀释至100 mL。两组PICA泵的参数均为背景剂量2 mL/h,单次给药剂量0.5 mL,锁定时间15 min。主要指标为术后3个月的CPSP发生率,术后3和6个月对患者进行电话随访,记录CPSP有无发生。次要指标为术后48 h内疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)和Ramsay镇静评分及术后48 h内不良事件发生率。术前1 d及术后1 d、3 d时抽取外周静脉血并测定血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-6和IL-8浓度。结果:舒芬太尼组失访者2例,艾司氯胺酮组失访者3例。术后3和6个月时,舒芬太尼组分别共有27例(46.6%)和19例(32.8%)患者发生CPSP,其中,轻度疼痛分别有18例(31.0%)和13例(22.4%),艾司氯胺酮组分别有13例(22.8%)和8例(14.0%)患者发生CPSP,其中,轻度疼痛分别有8例(14.0%)和5例(8.8%),艾司氯胺酮组术后3、6个月CPSP发生率均低于舒芬太尼组(P<0.05)。两组患者术后48 h内不同时点VAS评分和Ramsay镇静评分均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。两组间术后2 d内镇痛补救率和PCIA泵总按压次数和有效按压次数均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。与舒芬太尼组比较,艾司氯胺酮组术后48 h内恶心呕吐发生率降低(P<0.05)。与舒芬太尼组比较,艾司氯胺酮组术后1 d和3 d时的血清中TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8浓度均下降(P<0.05)。结论:亚麻醉剂量艾司氯胺酮可降低乳腺癌根治术患者CPSP发生率,机制可能与抑制术后炎性反应有关。

改良根治术与保乳手术治疗早期乳腺癌患者的临床效果对比

目的对比改良根治术与保乳手术治疗早期乳腺癌患者的临床效果。方法将110例早期乳腺癌患者随机分为对照组(n=55)和观察组(n=55)。对照组采用改良根治术治疗,观察组采用保乳手术治疗,比较两组患者的手术相关指标、并发症发生情况及远期预后情况。结果观察组手术时间和住院时间均短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为7.27%,明显低于对照组的23.64%(P<0.05)。术后2年,两组局部复发率(7.27%vs.3.64%)及远处转移率(3.64%vs.1.82%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论早期乳腺癌患者采用改良根治术与保乳手术治疗的远期预后相当,但保乳手术可明显缩短患者手术时间、住院时间,减少患者术中出血量,降低并发症发生率。

乳腺癌改良根治术研究进展

乳腺癌是目前我国女性发病率和死亡率较高的癌症之一,由于发病前期无明显自觉症状,通常就医时癌变肿块已较大,故常采用以手术切除为主,化疗、放疗等多种治疗方式为辅的综合诊治方式。目前,乳腺癌改良根治术在我国仍是乳腺癌患者手术治疗的首选。随着医学的进步,乳腺癌改良根治术在区域神经阻滞、缩小切除范围和乳房重建等方面都取得了新的进展。

摆位误差对乳腺癌术后放疗患者心脏剂量影响

目的研究模拟摆位误差对左侧乳腺癌患者术后放疗心脏受照剂量的影响。方法选取17例左侧乳腺癌根治术后进行调强放疗的患者为研究对象。在计划系统中,模拟靶区中心相对于计划射野中心的偏移,包括向颅(S)、尾(I)、左(L)、右(R)、前(A)和后(P)各移动5 mm,并评估心脏受照剂量,分析不同方向的摆位误差对心脏剂量的影响。结果原始计划心脏平均剂量(Dmean)为5.72 Gy。射野中心向6个不同方向移动5 mm后,L、A、S方向心脏受照剂量减少,R、P、I方向心脏受照剂量增加,P方向心脏Dmean增加(1.46±0.24)Gy,R方向心脏Dmean增加(1.14±0.17)Gy,I方向心脏Dmean增加(0.43±0.25)Gy。结论左侧乳腺癌改良根治术后放疗,向R、P、I方向的摆位误差可增加心脏受照剂量,向L、A、S方向的摆位误差可减少心脏受照剂量。

乳腺癌改良根治术后患者药学监护自我优化模型研究

目的创建基于“CMT”理念的乳腺癌改良根治术后患者药学监护(PC)自我优化模型并评价其参考价值。方法筛选2019年6月-2023年6月河北北方学院附属第一医院医院信息系统(HIS)中乳腺癌改良根治术后患者846例。模型包含4个层次:生活质量(QOL)评分、调研、QOL评分分类和关联规则分析。统计患者QOL评分,通过调研收集患者PC特征,采用自动分箱分析对QOL评分分类,采用关联规则法分析兴趣类QOL评分患者的PC特征间有效强关联规则。对全部患者行logistic回归分析导致兴趣类QOL评分的独立风险因素。参考统计学结果评价模型的参考价值并拟定PC优化措施。结果患者QOL评分可分为四类,以最低类QOL评分为兴趣类。有效强关联规则共6条:“CCI>4”“明确长期用药目标:否”“及时发现和报告不良反应:否”“交代用药预后:否”“解答患者疑问:否”“药物选择”“培训不足”均为导致最低类QOL评分的原因。模型同logistic回归分析结果基本一致。根据模型反馈结果拟定措施以优化PC。结论乳腺癌改良根治术后患者PC自我优化模型的应用具有一定的可行性,能够为PC质量的提升提供一定的参考。

艾司氯胺酮复合丙泊酚麻醉对老年乳腺癌根治术患者应激水平认知功能及血清BDNF NSE水平的影响

目的:探究艾司氯胺酮复合丙泊酚麻醉对老年乳腺癌根治术患者应激水平、认知功能及血清BDNF、NSE水平的影响。方法:选取2020年5月至2022年7月于本院进行乳腺癌根治术90例老年患者,根据随机数字表法将其进一步分为观察组(45例,艾司氯胺酮联合丙泊酚)和对照组(45例,丙泊酚麻醉)。比较两组患者应激水平、认知功能及血清BDNF、NSE水平。结果:观察组T2、T3、T4时间点皮质醇、肾上腺素水平相较于T0时间点均明显升高(P<0.05);对照组T1、T2、T3、T4时间点皮质醇、肾上腺素水平相较于T0时间点均明显升高(P<0.05);观察组T1、T2、T3、T4时间点皮质醇、肾上腺素水平升高幅度相较于对照组均明显降低(P<0.05);两组术后24h、48h认知功能评分及BDNF水平下降,NSE水平上升,且观察组变化优于对照组(P<0.05);观察组苏醒、拔管及定向力恢复时间相较于对照组均明显缩短(P<0.05)。结论:艾司氯胺酮复合丙泊酚麻醉老年乳腺癌根治术患者可减轻机体应激反应、加快认知功能恢复、改善术后苏醒质量。