Predictive value of angiopoietin-like protein 8 in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and its progression:A case-control study

BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is rapidly increasing,currently affecting approximately 25%of the global population.Liver fibrosis represents a crucial stage in the development of MAFLD,with advanced liver fibrosis elevating the risks of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.Simple serum markers are less effective in diagnosing liver fibrosis compared to more complex markers.However,imaging techniques like transient elastography face limitations in clinical application due to equipment and technical constraints.Consequently,it is imperative to identify a straightforward yet effective method for assessing MAFLD-associated liver fibrosis.AIM To investigate the predictive value of angiopoietin-like protein 8(ANGPTL8)in MAFLD and its progression.METHODS We analyzed 160 patients who underwent abdominal ultrasonography in the Endocrinology Department,Xiaogan Central Hospital affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology,during September 2021-July 2022.Using abdominal ultrasonography and MAFLD diagnostic criteria,among the 160 patients,80 patients(50%)were diagnosed with MAFLD.The MAFLD group was divided into the liver fibrosis group(n=23)and non-liver fibrosis group(n=57)by using a cut-off fibrosis-4 index≥1.45.Logistical regression was used to analyze the risk of MAFLD and the risk factors for its progression.Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of serum ANGPTL8 in MAFLD and its progression.RESULTS Compared with non-MAFLD patients,MAFLD patients had higher serum ANGPTL8 and triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index(both P<0.05).Serum ANGPTL8(r=0.576,P<0.001)and TyG index(r=0.473,P<0.001)were positively correlated with MAFLD.Serum ANGPTL8 was a risk factor for MAFLD[odds ratio(OR):1.123,95%confidence interval(CI):1.066-1.184,P<0.001).Serum ANGPTL8 and ANGPTL8+TyG index predicted MAFLD[area under the curve(AUC):0.832 and 0.886,respectively;both P<0.05].Compared with MAFLD patients without fibrosis,those with fibrosis had higher serum ANGPTL8 and TyG index(both P<0.05),and both parameters were positively correlated with MAFLD-associated fibrosis.Elevated serum ANGPTL8(OR:1.093,95%CI:1.044-1.144,P<0.001)and TyG index(OR:2.383,95%CI:1.199-4.736,P<0.013)were risk factors for MAFLD-associated fibrosis.Serum ANGPTL8 and ANGPTL8+TyG index predicted MAFLD-associated fibrosis(AUC:0.812 and 0.835,respectively;both P<0.05).CONCLUSION The serum levels of ANGPTL8 are elevated and positively correlated with MAFLD.They can serve as predictors for the risk of MAFLD and liver fibrosis,with the ANGPTL8+TyG index potentially exhibiting even higher predictive value.

Clinical and experimental study on angiopoietin-like protein 8 associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy

AIM：To confirm the role of angiopoietin-like protein 8（Angptl 8） in proliferative diabetic retinopathy（PDR）.METHODS：The sera and aqueous humor of 10 PDR patients and 10 non-diabetic retinopathy（NDR） patients（idiopathic macular hole patients） were collected and the expression of Angptl 8 was detected by enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay（ELISA）.Experimental diabetes mice model was induced with streptozotocin.The expression of glycosylated hemoglobin and Angptl 8 in sera was detected.Recombinant Angptl 8 was re-infused into wild type（WT） diabetic mice and spatial frequency threshold and contrast sensitivity were measured.In vitro retinal pigment epithelium（RPE） were stimulated by recombinant Angptl 8 for 24 h.MMT assay were used to detect cell proliferation.At the same time,q RT-PCR and Western blot was used to measure the expression of proliferation-related factors in PRE cells.RESULTS：The expression of Angptl 8 was markedly increased in the sera and aqueous humor of PDR patients（F=99.02,P〈0.0001 in sera;t=10.42,P〈0.0001 in aqueous）.After successfully establishing the diabetic mice model,we found that glycosylated hemoglobin and Angptl 8 expression levels were increased.Re-infusion of recombinant Angptl 8 into WT diabetic mice could further decrease spatial frequency threshold and contrast sensitivity（P〈0.01）.In vitro,RPE cells stimulated by recombinant Angptl 8could increase the relative absorbance of MMT assay（1.486±0.042 vs 1.000±0.104,P〈0.05） and proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA） expression（0.55±0.01 vs 0.29±0.03,P〈0.05）.The proliferative effect of Angptl 8 is mainly mediated by increasing the expression of proliferation-activating factors cyclin A1（4.973±0.205 vs 2.720±0.197,P〈0.05）,cyclin F（5.690±0.219 vs 4.297±0.292,P〈0.05） and E2 F2（2.297±0.102 vs 1.750±0.146,P〈0.05）,and reducing the expression of proliferation-inhibiting factors cdkn1（2.370±0.074 vs 3.317±0.135,P〈0.05） and cdkn2（4.793±0.065 vs 5.387±0.149,P〈0.05）.CONCLUSION：The expression of Angptl 8 is increased in PDR,and the increased Angptl 8 can promote proliferation and increase proliferation-related factors.

Angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) deficiency and familial combined hypolipidemia

Three members of the angiopoietin-like(ANGPTL) protein family-ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL8-are important regulators of plasma lipoproteins. They inhibit the enzyme lipoprotein lipase, which plays a key role in the intravascular lipolysis of triglycerides present in some lipoprotein classes. This review focuses on the role of ANGPTL3 as emerged from the study of genetic variants of Angptl3 gene in mice and humans. Both loss of function genetic variants and inactivation of Angptl3 gene in mice are associated with a marked reduction of plasma levels of triglyceride and cholesterol and an increased activity of lipoprotein lipase and endothelial lipase. In humans with ANGPTL3 deficiency, caused by homozygous loss of function(LOF) variants of Angptl3 gene, the levels of all plasma lipoproteins are greatly reduced. This plasma lipid disorder referred to as familial combined hypolipidemia(FHBL2) does not appear to be associated with distinct pathological manifestations. Heterozygous carriers of LOF variants have reduced plasma levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides and are at lower risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as compared to non-carriers. These observations have paved the way to the development of strategies to reduce the plasma level of atherogenic lipoproteins in man by the inactivation of ANGPTL3, using either a specific monoclonal antibody or anti-sense oligonucleotides.

Recombinant angiopoietin-like protein 4 attenuates intestinal barrier structure and function injury after ischemia/reperfusion

BACKGROUND Intestinal barrier breakdown,a frequent complication of intestinal ischemiareperfusion(I/R)including dysfunction and the structure changes of the intestine,is characterized by a loss of tight junction and enhanced permeability of the intestinal barrier and increased mortality.To develop effective and novel therapeutics is important for the improvement of outcome of patients with intestinal barrier deterioration.Recombinant human angiopoietin-like protein 4(rhANGPTL4)is reported to protect the blood-brain barrier when administered exogenously,and endogenous ANGPTL4 deficiency deteriorates radiationinduced intestinal injury.AIM To identify whether rhANGPTL4 may protect intestinal barrier breakdown induced by I/R.METHODS Intestinal I/R injury was elicited through clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 60 min followed by 240 min reperfusion.Intestinal epithelial(Caco-2)cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells were challenged by hypoxia/reoxygenation to mimic I/R in vitro.RESULTS Indicators including fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated dextran(4 kilodaltons;FD-4)clearance,ratio of phosphorylated myosin light chain/total myosin light chain,myosin light chain kinase and loss of zonula occludens-1,claudin-2 and VE-cadherin were significantly increased after intestinal I/R or cell hypoxia/reoxygenation.rhANGPTL4 treatment significantly reversed these indicators,which were associated with inhibiting the inflammatory and oxidative cascade,excessive activation of cellular autophagy and apoptosis and improvement of survival rate.Similar results were observed in vitro when cells were challenged by hypoxia/reoxygenation,whereas rhANGPTL4 reversed the indicators close to normal level in Caco-2 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells significantly.CONCLUSION rhANGPTL4 can function as a protective agent against intestinal injury induced by intestinal I/R and improve survival via maintenance of intestinal barrier structure and functions.

Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3 Expression is Down-Regulated in Experimentally Pregnant Toxemic Goats

Pregnancy toxemia is a metabolic disorder of lipid and glucose. Recent investigations have found that angiopoietin-like protein 3 （ANGPTL3） can contribute to disorder of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. The present study was conducted to investigate the change of ANGPTL3 expression during pregnancy toxemia, We firstly cloned the full-length cDNA of ANGPTL3 in Liuyang Black goats, revealing that goat ANGPTL3 had the typical structure of the angiopoietin-like family, and its mRNA was exclusively expressed in liver. Pregnancy toxemia of pregnant goat does with twins during late gestation was induced by being fasted for 72 h, and then they were recovered after 5 d ofrefeeding. Hepatic ANGPTL3 gene expression was significantly down-regulated concomitantly with decreased serum glucose concentration, elevated serum β-hydroxybutyrate and free fatty acid levels in pregnant toxemic goats, and these changes were reversed after refeeding. These results suggest ANGPTL3 may play a certain role in the development of pregnancy toxemia in goats.

Aqueous angiopoietin-like levels correlate with optical coherence tomography angiography metrics in diabetic macular edema

AIM:To quantitatively detect aqueous levels of angiopoietin-like(ANGPTL)3,ANGPTL4,and ANGPTL6 and investigate their correlation with optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)findings in patients with diabetic macular edema(DME).METHODS:This cross-sectional study included 23 patients(27 eyes)with type 2 diabetes and 16 control subjects(20 eyes).All patients underwent OCTA imaging and ultra-wide field fundus photography.Diabetic patients were categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy(DME group,14 patients,16 eyes);and non-diabetic retinopathy(NDR)group,9 patients,11 eyes,respectively.Aqueous levels of ANGPTL3,ANGPTL4,and ANGPTL6 were assessed using suspension array technology,and foveal-centered 3×3 mm2 OCTA scans were automatically graded to determine the central,inner,and full vessel density(CVD,IVD,FVD);central,inner,and full perfusion density(CPD,IPD,FPD),foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area,FAZ perimeter,and FAZ circularity index(FAZ-CI)on superficial capillary plexuses.Additionally,central subfield thickness(CST),cube volume(CV),and cube average thickness(CAT)were measured in a model of macular cube 512×128.RESULTS:Aqueous ANGPTL3 levels were not significantly different among the three groups(P>0.05).ANGPTL4 levels were significantly higher in the DME group than the control and NDR groups(P<0.0001 and P<0.001),while ANGPTL6 levels were significantly higher in the DME group than the control group(P<0.05).In the whole cohort,the aqueous ANGPTL3 levels correlated negatively with the IVD,FVD,IPD,and FPD,and positively with the CV and CAT.The aqueous ANGPTL4 levels correlated negatively with the CVD,IVD,FVD,CPD,IPD,and FPD,and positively with the FAZ perimeter,CST,CV,and CAT.The aqueous ANGPTL6 levels correlated negatively with the IVD,FVD,IPD,FPD,FAZCI and positively with CST,CV,CAT.CONCLUSION:ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL6 may be associated with vascular leakage in DME and may represent good targets for DME therapy.In addition,OCTA metrics may be useful for evaluating macular ischemia in DME.

Host Factors Alter Effects of Angiopoietin-Like Protein 8 on Glucose Homeostasis in Diabetic Mice

Recovery of functional beta cell mass offers a biological cure for type 1 diabetes. However, beta cell mass is difficult to regain once lost since the proliferation rate of beta cells after youth is very low. Angiopoietin like-protein 8 (ANGPTL8), a peptide that has a role in the regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity, was reported to increase beta cell proliferation in mice in 2013. Subsequent studies of human ANGPTL8 for short term (3 to 8 days) in non-diabetic mice showed little or no increase in beta cell proliferation. Here, we examined the effect of ANGPTL8 on glucose homeostasis in models that have not been examined previously. We expressed mouse ANGPTL8 using adenovirus in 2 mouse models of diabetes (streptozotocin and Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) mice) over 2 weeks. Also, we tested ANGPTL8 in NOD mice deficient in leukocyte 12-lipoxygenase (12LO), an enzyme that contributes to insulitis and loss of beta cell function in NOD, in an effort to determine whether 12LO deficiency alters the response to ANGPTL8. Adenovirus-mediated expression of ANGPTL8 lowered blood glucose levels in streptozotocin treated mice without an increase in beta cell proliferation or serum insulin concentration. While ANGPTL8 did not reverse hyperglycemia in overtly hyperglycemic NOD mice or alter glucose homeostasis of non-diabetic NOD mice, ANGPTL8 reduced blood glucose levels in 12LOKO NOD mice. However, the lower glucose levels in 12LOKO NOD were not associated with higher serum insulin levels or beta cell proliferation. In summary, while mouse ANGPTL8 does not increase beta cell proliferation in NOD mice or streptozotocin treated mice in agreement with studies in non-diabetic mice, it lowers blood glucose levels in multiple low-dose streptozotocin induced diabetes and 12LO deficiency indicating that host factors influence the impact of ANGPTL8 on glucose homeostasis.

Association between Maternal Serum Concentrations of Angiopoietin-like Protein 2 in Early Pregnancy and Subsequent Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Background：A recent study reported a positive association between elevated serum levels of angiopoietin-like protein 2 （ANGPTL2） and the development of type 2 diabetes in a general population.However,the relationship of serum ANGPTL2 levels with the risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） has not been reported to date.The aim of this study was to investigate the change of maternal serum ANGPTL2 concentrations in the first trimester of pregnancy and to determine whether ANGPTL2 is a biomarker for subsequent GDM development.Methods：We conducted a prospective,nested case-control study in a pregnancy cohort.First-trimester ANGPTL2 levels were measured using a high-resolution assay in 89 women who subsequently developed GDM and in a random sample of 177 women who remained euglycemic throughout the pregnancy.Median ANGPTL2 levels were compared using Mann-Whitney U-test.Logistic regression was used to compute unadjusted and multivariable-adjusted odds ratios for developing GDM among ANGPTL2 quartiles.Results：The serum levels of ANGPTL2 was higher in women with GDM than that in women without GDM （3.06 [2.59,3.65] ng/ml vs.2.46 [2.05,2.96] ng/ml,P =0.003）.Fasting blood glucose was higher in women with GDM than that in women without GDM （5.0 ± 0.9 mmol/L vs.4.4 ± 0.6 mmol/L,P 〈 0.001）.Glucose challenge test showed that the blood glucose was higher in women with GDM than that in women without GDM （9.1 ± 3.5 mmol/L vs.6.2 ± 1.2 mmol/L,P 〈 0.001）.A multivariate model adjusted for baseline characteristics,medical complications,and gestational characteristics revealed that the risk of developing GDM among women in Q4 compared with Q1 was 2.90-fold more likely to develop GDM later in pregnancy.Conclusions：At 1 1-13 weeks in pregnancies that develop GDM,the serum concentration of ANGPTL2 is increased,and it can be combined with maternal factors to provide effective early screening for GDM.

Dynamic roles of angiopoietin-like proteins 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 in the survival and enhancement of ex vivo expansion of bone-marrow hematopoietic stem cells

Recent advances in hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)expansion by growth factors including angiopoietin-like proteins(Angptls)have opened up the possibility to use HSCs in regenerative medicine.However,the unavailability of true in vitro HSCs expansion by these growth factors has limited the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanism of HSCs expansion.Here,we report the functional role of mouse Angptls 1,2,3,4,6 and 7 and growth factors SCF,TPO,IGF-2 and FGF-1 on purified mouse bone-marrow(BM)Lineage-Sca-1+(Lin-Sca-1+)HSCs.The recombinant retroviral transduced-CHO-S cells that secrete Angptls in serum-free medium were used alone or in combination with growth factors(SCF,TPO,IGF-2 and FGF-1).None of the Angptls stimu-lated HSC proliferation,enhanced or inhibited HSCs colony formation,but they did support the survival of HSCs.By contrast,any of the six Angptls together with saturating levels of growth factors dramatically stimulated a 3-to 4.5-fold net expansion of HSCs compared to stimulation with a combination of those growth factors alone.These findings lead to an understanding of the basic function of Angptls on signaling pathways for the survival as well as expansion of HSCs in the bone marrow niche.

Lipopolysaccharide-induced podocyte injury is regulated by calcineurin/NFAT and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways through angiopoietin-like protein 4

Podocyte injury is an important cause of proteinuria.Angiopoietin-like protein 4(Angptl4)is a secreted glycoprotein and has a role in proteinuria.However,the exact role of Angptl4 in podocyte injury and its upstream regulators has not been clarified.In this study,we used lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced mice and cultured podocytes as podocyte injury models.Our results indicated that LPS increased the expression of podocyte Angptl4 in vivo and in vitro.Furthermore,we showed that Angptl4 overexpression deteriorated LPS-induced podocyte injury by inducing podocyte cytoskeleton rearrangement,reducing the expression of synaptopodin while Angptl4 knockdown alleviated LPS-induced podocyte injury.In addition,we found that inhibitors and siRNA targeting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling inhibited the upregulation of Angptl4 in LPS-induced podocytes.Moreover,inhibitors and siRNA targeting calcineurin/NFAT signaling also relieved LPS-induced Angptl4 expression and podocyte injury in vivo and in vitro.Taken together,our study has elucidated that both of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and calcineurin/NFAT signaling mediate the upregulation of Angptl4 in LPS-induced podocytes,which has important implications for further understanding the molecular mechanism of LPS-induced podocyte injury.

超重/肥胖合并2型糖尿病患者血清ANGPTL4、HSP70、IL-34水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的 探讨超重/肥胖合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清血管生成素样蛋白4(ANGPTL4)、热休克蛋白(HSP)70、白细胞介素-34(IL-34)水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法 选取2020年5月—2022年5月保定市第一中心医院T2DM患者182例(T2DM组)。参考相关诊断标准,将T2DM患者分为超重/肥胖T2DM组(90例)和体重正常T2DM组(92例)。另选取同期健康体检者90名作为正常对照组,其中超重/肥胖者40名(超重/肥胖对照组)、体重正常者50名(体重正常对照组)。检测所有研究对象血清ANGPTL4、HSP70、IL-34、胰岛素和血糖水平,计算稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。T2DM患者治疗3个月后,再次检测其血清ANGPTL4、HSP70、IL-34水平和HOMA-IR。采用Pearson相关分析评估血清ANGPTL4、HSP70、IL-34与HOMA-IR的相关性。结果 与正常对照组和体重正常T2DM组比较,超重/肥胖T2DM组血清ANGPTL4和HSP70显著降低(P<0.05),血清IL-34和HOMA-IR显著升高(P<0.05)。与正常对照组比较,体重正常T2DM组血清ANGPTL4和HSP70显著降低(P<0.05),血清IL-34和HOMA-IR显著升高(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,血清ANGPTL4、HSP70与HOMA-IR呈负相关(r值分别为-0.733、-0.758,P<0.001),IL-34和HOMA-IR呈正相关(r=0.705,P<0.001)。治疗后,超重/肥胖T2DM组和体重正常T2DM组血清ANGPTL4和HSP70均明显升高,血清IL-34和HOMA-IR明显降低;且相对于超重/肥胖T2DM组,体重正常T2DM组血清ANGPTL4和HSP70升高更显著(P<0.05),血清IL-34和HOMA-IR降低更显著(P<0.05)。结论 超重/肥胖合并T2DM患者ANGPTL4、HSP70和IL-34与胰岛素抵抗显著相关,或可作为超重/肥胖合并T2DM的疗效监测指标。

多发性子宫肌瘤患者血清ANGPTL2、VASH1的表达及临床意义

目的 分析血清中血管生成素样蛋白2(ANGPTL2)和血管生成抑制蛋白1(VASH1)的表达水平,探讨其在多发性子宫肌瘤中的临床意义。方法 选取2018年1月至2022年1月于东南大学医学院附属南京同仁医院就诊的312例多发性子宫肌瘤患者为研究对象(观察组),同时期来本院体检的312名健康女性作为对照(对照组);酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清中ANGPTL2和VASH1水平;Pearson相关分析血清中ANGPTL2和VASH1水平的相关性;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清中ANGPTL2和VASH1水平对多发性子宫肌瘤的诊断价值;Logistic回归分析多发性子宫肌瘤发生的影响因素。结果 观察组血清中ANGPTL2和VASH1水平显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=12.870、9.935,P<0.05);血清中ANGPTL2和VASH1水平与阴道不规则出血、肌瘤数量、最大肌瘤直径以及平均肌瘤体积有关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而与年龄、月经情况、绝经情况、妊娠史、流产史、ER、PR以及肿瘤部位无关,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Pearson相关分析结果显示,多发性子宫肌瘤患者血清中ANGPTL2和VASH1水平呈正相关(r=5.440,P<0.05);ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清中ANGPTL2和VASH1水平联合诊断多发性子宫肌瘤的曲线下面积(AUC),效果较ANGPTL2和VASH1单一指标更好(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,ANGPTL2、VASH1是多发性子宫肌瘤发生的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 多发性子宫肌瘤患者血清中ANGPTL2和VASH1水平显著升高,两者联合可辅助诊断多发性子宫肌瘤。

血清Betatrophin、ANGPTL4预测GDM患者不良妊娠结局价值

目的:探讨促代谢因子(Betatrophin)、血管生成素样蛋白4(ANGPTL4)联合预测妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者不良妊娠结局价值。方法:回顾性收集2019年10月-2022年9月本院分娩的GDM患者128例为GDM组、健康孕妇128例为对照组,比较两组血清Betatrophin、ANGPTL4水平及妊娠结局。logistic回归分析GDM患者不良妊娠结局的影响因素;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清Betatrophin、ANGPTL4对GDM患者妊娠结局的预测价值。结果:GDM组血清Betatrophin水平(390.27±65.05pg/ml)及不良妊娠结局发生率(34.4%)高于对照组(291.56±48.59pg/ml、8.6%),ANGPTL4水平(4.23±1.40 ng/ml)低于对照组(8.22±2.74 ng/ml),GDM妊娠结局不良组糖尿病家族史占比、血清Betatrophin水平高于结局良好组,ANGPTL4水平低于妊娠结局良好组,糖尿病家族史、Betatrophin较高、ANGPTL4较低是GDM患者不良妊娠结局的危险因素(均P<0.05)。血清Betatrophin、ANGPTL4预测GDM患者不良妊娠结局的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.864、0.877,联合预测AUC(0.968)提高,其灵敏度97.7%、特异度85.7%。结论:GDM患者血清Betatrophin水平较高、ANGPTL4水平较低,是不良妊娠结局发生危险因素,2项指标联合检测预测GDM患者不良妊娠结局价值较好。

冠状动脉CT血管造影及血清指标对冠心病冠状动脉狭窄程度的评价

目的:探讨冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)及血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、血管生成素样蛋白3(ANGPTL3)对冠心病冠状动脉狭窄程度的评价。方法:选取2022年7月至2023年3月河北省胸科医院诊治的102例冠心病患者,按照冠状动脉狭窄程度积分(Gensini积分)情况将其分为轻度组(0分≤Gensini积分≤20分)、中度组(20分<Gensini积分≤60分)及重度组(Gensini积分>60分),每组34例。对比3组患者冠状动脉最小管腔直径(MLD)、狭窄面积百分比(%AS)、狭窄直径百分比(%DS)、最小管腔面积(MLA)、Lp-PLA2及ANGPTL3,根据受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,预测冠状动脉狭窄程度的诊断效能。结果:重度组MLA、MLD低于中度组和轻度组,而%AS、%DS高于中度组和轻度组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.905、4.083、5.871、6.976、3.387、2.198、2.668、3.505,P<0.05)。重度组Lp-PLA2、ANGPTL3高于中度组和轻度组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.164、8.220、2.575、3.050,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,MLA、MLD、%AS、%DS、CCTA综合参数、LpPLA2以及ANGPTL3预测冠状动脉狭窄程度的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)值分别为0.838、0.690、0.742、0.801、0.904、0.808和0.807。灵敏度分别为91.20%、91.20%、64.70%、94.10%、97.10%、70.60%和88.20%;特异度分别为76.50%、57.40%、75.00%、50.00%、70.60%、97.10%和70.60%。CCTA综合参数的AUC分别高于LpPLA2和ANGPTL3,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:CCTA及血清Lp-PLA2、ANGPTL3评估冠心病冠状动脉狭窄程度均具有一定效能,且CCTA的预测效能更高。

禾肾丸通过调控ANGPTL3治疗阿霉素肾病大鼠蛋白尿及血脂代谢紊乱的实验研究

目的:探讨禾肾丸通过调控血管生成素样蛋白3(ANGPTL3)治疗阿霉素肾病大鼠蛋白尿及血脂代谢紊乱的作用机制。方法:50只雄性SD大鼠随机分为5组,每组10只,空白组:不作特殊处理,仅予以每日清晨蒸馏水灌胃;模型组:造模成功后每日清晨蒸馏水灌胃;禾肾丸组:造模成功后每日清晨以禾肾丸灌胃;对照组:造模成功后每日清晨以泼尼松灌胃;联合用药组:造模成功后每日清晨以泼尼松、禾肾丸灌胃,各组均灌胃8周。密切观察各组大鼠造模及研究期间各种行为学改变,检测和比较各组大鼠造模前1 d及造模后第2、4、6、8周末24 h尿蛋白水平,同时检测和比较各组大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)等血脂指标及血清ANGPTL3表达水平。分析各组大鼠血清ANGPTL3表达水平与血脂指标及造模后第8周末24 h尿蛋白水平的相关性。结果:禾肾丸组、对照组及联合用药组大鼠造模后第8周各种行为学改变均优于模型组;各组大鼠造模前1 d 24 h尿蛋白水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),造模后第2、4周模型组、禾肾丸组、对照组及联合用药组大鼠24 h尿蛋白水平均明显高于空白组(P<0.05),而组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),造模后第6、8周禾肾丸组、对照组大鼠24 h尿蛋白水平明显高于联合用药组和低于模型组(P<0.05),而禾肾丸组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);模型组、禾肾丸组、对照组及联合用药组大鼠TC、TG、LDL-C等血脂指标及血清ANGPTL3表达水平均明显高于空白组(P<0.05),而HDL均明显低于空白组(P<0.05),且禾肾丸组、对照组大鼠TC、TG、LDL-C及ANGPTL3均低于模型组和高于联合用药组(P<0.05),HDL-C均高于模型组和低于联合用药组(P<0.05),而禾肾丸组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各组大鼠血清ANGPTL3表达水平与TC、TG、LDL-C及24 h尿蛋白均呈正相关关系(P<0.05~P<0.01),而与HDL-C呈负相关关系(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:禾肾丸可能通过调控ANGPTL3而起到治疗阿霉素肾病大鼠蛋白尿及血脂代谢紊乱的作用。

冠心病患者ABCG1、ANGPTL2启动子区甲基化与心力衰竭发生的关系研究

目的分析冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)患者三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运蛋白G1(ABCG1)、血管生成素样蛋白2(ANGPTL2)启动子区甲基化与心力衰竭(心衰)发生的关系。方法选取2020年3月至2022年3月于湖南省第二人民医院收治的冠心病患者120例。根据是否发生心衰,将患者分为合并心衰组(n=26)和不合并心衰组(n=94)。采用全自动生化仪检测血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)。采用心脏超声检查患者左室射血分数(LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)水平。特异性PCR检测ABCG1和ANGPTL2基因甲基化。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测ABCG1和ANGPTL2基因mRNA表达水平。Logistic回归分析探讨影响冠心病患者发生心衰的因素。结果两组患者LDL-C、LVEF、LVEDD、LVESD、ABCG1、ANGPTL2基因启动子区甲基化等方面比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。LVESD、LVEF、ABCG1甲基化和ANGPTL2甲基化是冠心病患者发生心衰的危险因素。ABCG1甲基化、ANGPLT2甲基化患者中LVESD水平均高于未甲基化患者(P<0.05)。ABCG1甲基化、ANGPLT2甲基化患者中LVEF水平均低于未甲基化患者(P<0.05)。合并组ABCG1、ANGPTL2基因甲基化的患者mRNA的表达量明显低于非甲基化患者(P<0.05)。结论ABCG1和ANGPTL2基因甲基化是冠心病患者发生心衰的危险因素,检测上述两基因甲基化状态可为诊治冠心病心衰提供理论支持。

幽门螺杆菌感染胃上皮细胞诱导血管生成素样蛋白4表达的机制及其功能研究

目的 探究血管生成素样蛋白4(angiopoietin-like 4,ANGPTL4)在幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)感染的胃上皮细胞中的表达调控及其功能机制。方法 收集2021年11月陆军军医大学第二附属医院消化内科胃镜室H.pylori阳性患者的胃镜标本以及H.pylori感染小鼠的胃组织,利用免疫荧光染色技术检测ANGPTL4在胃组织中的表达部位;用H.pylori感染胃上皮细胞和胃类器官,运用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot等检测ANGPTL4的表达;探讨H.pylori感染诱导ANGPTL4表达的调控机制;利用ANGPTL4重组蛋白刺激胃上皮细胞,检测其对密封蛋白1 (claudin 1,CLDN1)表达的影响。结果 H.pylori感染能显著诱导胃上皮细胞ANGPTL4表达增加,且具有毒力因子CagA依赖性、细菌浓度依赖性和感染时间依赖性(P<0.05);相对于未感染组和CagA敲除(△cagA)H.pylori感染组,野生型(wild-type, WT)H.pylori感染组的人和小鼠胃类器官ANGPTL4表达显著上调(P<0.05);调控机制方面,阻断信号通路NF-κB可明显抑制胃上皮细胞ANGPTL4表达增加(P<0.05);功能机制方面,ANGPTL4重组蛋白通过激活通路ERK下调胃上皮细胞CLDN1表达(P<0.05)。结论 H.pylori依赖毒力因子CagA通过激活NF-κB信号通路诱导胃上皮细胞表达ANGPTL4;ANGPTL4激活通路ERK下调胃上皮细胞CLDN1表达,从而影响H.pylori感染相关胃部疾病的发展。

ANGPTL4通过调节上皮间充质转化促进舌癌细胞转移的分子机制研究

目的:探究血管生成素样蛋白4(ANGPTL4)在舌癌进展及淋巴结转移中的分子机制,以期为舌癌的治疗提供新的分子靶点。方法:使用小干扰RNA(siRNA)沉默Tca8113细胞中的ANGPTL4基因,实时荧光定量PCR检验转染效率,通过CCK-8、Transwell和划痕实验确定ANGPTL4沉默后Tca8113细胞的生物学行为变化;实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot实验检测细胞上皮间充质转化(EMT)相关指标的表达变化。结果:与空白对照组相比,siRNA沉默ANGPTL4后,细胞的增殖显著降低(P<0.01),且细胞迁移能力明显减弱(P<0.05)。与EMT相关的钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)上调,波形蛋白(Vimentin)、盘装结构域受体1(DDR1)、锌指结合蛋白(ZEB-1)的表达下调。结论:ANGPTL4可以降低Tca8113细胞间黏附,促进Tca8113细胞的迁移和EMT,ANGPTL4可为舌癌淋巴结转移的潜在靶点。

血管生成素样蛋白8在心血管疾病发病中作用的研究进展

血管生成素样蛋白8(ANGPTL8)是由肝脏和脂肪组织合成、分泌的一种糖蛋白,能够促进血管重塑、调节炎性反应,并通过这些机制参与冠心病、高血压、主动脉瘤、病理性心肌肥厚等多种心血管疾病的发生与发展,有望成为心血管疾病新的预防和治疗靶点。

围手术期HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1与大面积脑梗死去骨瓣减压术后病情转归的相关性分析

目的探讨围手术期缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、血管生成素样蛋白2(ANGPTL2)、基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1)与大面积脑梗死(LHI)去骨瓣减压术后病情转归的相关性。方法选取2020年6月至2022年12月在医院进行去骨瓣减压术的158例LHI患者,根据入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分分为观察组(71例,>20分)和对照组(87例,5~20分),另根据术后90 d改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分分为不良组(64例,>2分)和良好组(94例,≤2分)2个亚组。比较两组术前血清HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1水平,分析血清HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1水平与NIHSS评分的相关性,比较术前、术后14 d 2个亚组血清HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1水平,分析LHI患者去骨瓣减压术后病情转归的影响因素及预测价值。结果术前观察组血清HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1水平较对照组高(P<0.05);术前血清HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1水平与NIHSS评分均呈正相关(P<0.05);与良好组相比,术后14 d不良组血清HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1水平较高(P<0.05);术后14 d血清HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1水平增加是预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05);血清HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1水平联合预测的曲线下面积大于各指标单一预测(P<0.05)。结论血清HIF-1α、ANGPTL2、SDF-1表达上调不仅参与LHI发病,还与患者病情严重性及预后密切相关,早期检测有望成为辅助判断LHI病情、预测预后的重要生化指标。