Genome-edited rabbits:Unleashing the potential of a promising experimental animal model across diverse diseases

Animal models are extensively used in all aspects of biomedical research,with substantial contributions to our understanding of diseases,the development of pharmaceuticals,and the exploration of gene functions.The field of genome modification in rabbits has progressed slowly.However,recent advancements,particularly in CRISPR/Cas9-related technologies,have catalyzed the successful development of various genome-edited rabbit models to mimic diverse diseases,including cardiovascular disorders,immunodeficiencies,agingrelated ailments,neurological diseases,and ophthalmic pathologies.These models hold great promise in advancing biomedical research due to their closer physiological and biochemical resemblance to humans compared to mice.This review aims to summarize the novel gene-editing approaches currently available for rabbits and present the applications and prospects of such models in biomedicine,underscoring their impact and future potential in translational medicine.

An animal model to create intervertebral disc degeneration characterized by radiography and molecular biology

Objectives： To develop a rabbit model of intervertebral disc degeneration that more exactly simulates the pathological changes of human intervertebral disc degeneration. Methods： Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were utilized to establish three different disc injury models according to the following protocol; group A： anulus punctures were done with a 18-gauge needle at L2-L3 and L5-L6; Group B： intradiscal injection of interleukin-1 IL-1β with a 23-gauge needle at L3-L4; and Group C： intradiscal injection of phosphate buffer saline（PBS） with a 23-gauge needle at L4-LS. The L1-L2 level was used as a control. Rabbits were killed after 24 weeks. The intervertebral disc height was measured by lateral plain radiographs. After the radiographic measurements were obtained, the intervertebral discs were removed and analyzed for DNA, sulfated glycosaminoglycan（s-GAG） and water contents of nucleus pulposus. Results： The intervertebral disc height, s-GAG, and water contents in anulus needle punctures were significantly decreased in Group A, but the DNA content in the nucleus pulposus was significantly increased when compared to the control. The significant decrease of disc height and water contents were demonstrated, only the s-GAG and DNA contents did not show a significant difference in Group B when compared to the control. The significant decrease of disc height, s-GAG, water, and DNA contents did not show in Group C when compared to the control. Conclusion： The 18-gauge puncture models produced the most consistent disc degeneration in the rabbit lumbar spine.

Pharmacokinetics of Native r-SAK in Rabbit's Femoral Artery Thrombosis Model

Objective: To study the pharmacokinetics of native r SAK in rabbit's femoral artery thrombosis model, the “lytic circle' method was used to determine plasma levels of r SAK. Methods: Thirty New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to the control (saline 10 ml, 30 min), r SAK low dose (0.25 mg/kg, 30 min), medial dose (0.50 mg/kg, 30 min), high dose (1.00 mg/kg, 30 min), single bolus (0.50 mg/kg, 2 min) and conjunctive therapy (initiated with heparin 200 U/kg, followed by infusion of r SAK 0.50 mg/kg for 30 min, and subsequently infused heparin 50 U/(kg·h) to endpoint) groups. The right femoral artery thrombosis model in rabbit was made by balloon injury, then the thrombolytic agents were infused through parallel ear vein and the blood samples were collected pre thrombolysis and at different time post thrombolysis to determine the plasma levels of r SAK by “lytic circle' method, the plasma levels of r SAK were processed by pharmacokinetic computing procedure to fit the model. Results: The plasma levels of r SAK and the diameters of lytic circles showed a pretty good linear correlation under the scope of 2.0×10 4 2.0×10 6 U/L, and the averaged recycle rate was (96.05±11.35)%(RSD =±11.82%).All peak concentration time in each infusion group was 30 min, and the peak concentrations positively correlated with the doses administrated in infusion groups(r=0.999 98, P <0.000 1). In single bolus group, Peak concentration time was 2 min, and the peak concentration reached (5.16±1.02) mg/L, which was significant higher than that in the same dose r SAK infusion group ( P <0.01). In conjunctive therapy group, the peak concentration showed no significant difference from that in the same dose r SAK infusion group ( P >0.05). The plasma levels of r SAK fit in two compartment model as processed by pharmacokinetic computing procedure in each group. Conclusion: The “lytic circle' method is a simple, practical and reliable method to determine the plasma level of r SAK, and the pharmacokinetics of native r SAK infusion fits in two compartment model in rabbit's femoral artery thrombosis model.

Evaluation of a rabbit rectal VX2 carcinoma model using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging

AIM： To establish a rabbit rectal VX2 carcinoma model for the study of rectal carcinoma.METHODS： A suspension of VX2 cells was injected into the rectum wall under the guidance of X-ray fluoroscopy. Computed tomography （CT） and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） were used to observe tumorgrowth and metastasis at different phases. Pathological changes and spontaneous survival time of the rabbits were recorded.RESULTS： Two weeks after VX2 cell implantation, the tumor diameter ranged 4.1-5.8 mm and the success implantation rate was 81.8%. CT scanning showed low-density loci of the tumor in the rectum wail, while enhanced CT scanning demonstrated a symmetrical intensification in tumor loci. MRI scanning showed alow signal of the tumor on T1-weighted imaging anda high signal of the tumor on T2-weighted imaging.Both types of signals were intensified with enhanced MRI. Metastases to the liver and lung could beobserved 6 wk after VX2 cell implantation, and a largearea of necrosis appeared in the primary tumor. The spontaneous survival time of rabbits with cachexia and multiple organ failure was about 7 wk after VX2 cell implantation.CONCLUSION： The rabbit rectal VX2 carcinoma model we established has a high stability, and can be used in the study of rectal carcinoma.

Establishment of a chronic left ventricular aneurysm model in rabbit

Objectives To establish a cost-effective and reproducible procedure for induction of chronic left ventricular aneurysm （LVA） in rabbits. Methods Acute myocardial infarction （AMI） was induced in 35 rabbits via concomitant ligation of the left anterior descending （LAD） coronary artery and the circumflex （Cx） branch at the middle portion. Development of AMI was co n-firmed by ST segment elevation and akinesis of the occluded area. Echocardiography, pathological evaluation, and agar i n-tra-chamber casting were utilized to validate the formation of LVA four weeks after the surgery. Left ventricular end systolic pressure （LVESP） and diastolic pressure （LVEDP） were measured before, immediately after and four weeks after ligation. D i-mensions of the ventricular chamber, thickness of the interventricular septum （IVS） and the left ventricular posterior wall （LVPW） left ventricular end diastolic volume （LVEDV） and systolic volume （LVESV）, and ejection fraction （EF） were recorded by echo-cardiography. Results Thirty one （88.6%） rabbits survived myocardial infarction and 26 of them developed aneurysm （83.9%）. The mean area of aneurysm was 33.4% ＆#177; 2.4% of the left ventricle. LVEF markedly decreased after LVA formation, whereas LVEDV, LVESV and the thickness of IVS as well as the dimension of ventricular chamber from apex to mitral valve annulus significantly increased. LVESP immediately dropped after ligation and recovered to a small extent after LVA formation. LVEDP progressively increased after ligation till LVA formation. Areas in the left ventricle （LV） that underwent fibrosis included the apex, anterior wall and lateral wall but not IVS. Agar intra-chamber cast showed that the bulging of LV wall was prominent in the area of aneurysm. Conclusions Ligation of LAD and Cx at the middle portion could induce develo pment of LVA at a mean area ratio of 33.4%＆#177;2.4%which involves the apex, anterior wall and lateral wall of the LV.

Establishment of VX2 breast carcinoma model in rabbit by injecting tumor mass suspension

Objective: To establish a stable model of VX2 breast carcinoma in rabbit and select the optimal way. Methods: Thirty female New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 in each. Tumor cell suspensions or tumor mass suspensions were injected into breast tissues of rabbits of group A and B, respectively. Tumor blocks were surgically implanted in rabbit breasts of group C. Tumor formation rate, tumor growth rate, and tumor-bearing survival time was compared, and the histological feature of tumor was observed. Results: Models were established conveniently and successfully in rabbits received injection of tumor mass suspensions. Tumor proliferated rapidly with the biological feature of squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: VX2 breast carcinoma model in rabbit was established successfully. Intramammary injection of tumor mass suspension is the best method.

Establishment of Experimental Mastitis Model by Lipopolysaccharide via Teat Duct in Rabbit

[ Objective] This study was conducted to explore the method of establishing Lipopolysaccharide （LPS） -induced mastitis pathological models and reveal dynamic pathological changes of mammary tissue before and after LPS perfusion, finally providing convenient animal models for establishing LPS- induced acute clinical mastitis researches. [ Method] Twelve lactating rabbits （the 7th day after parturition） were perfused with LPS into the fourth mammary gland via the teat duct. Exactly at 2h before perfusion, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 5 d and 7 d after, the indexes such as rectal temperature, total white blood calls and neutrophils, C -response protein （CPR） content and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） activity were determined, respectively. Then the rabbits were euthanatized and the mammary glands were removed and fixed for histopathologic evalua- tions. [Result] The results showed that inflammatory cells were observed in mammary tissue 6 h after LPS perfusion, structure of mammary tissue disorderly at 24 h, self - regeneration after 48 h and back to normal at 7 d. LDH activity was increasing significantly （ P 〈 0.05） at 12 h （ P 〈 0.05）, peaking at 24 h, decreasing at 5 d （ P 〈 0.05） and returning to health at 7 d. CRP content was increasing significantly （ P 〈 0.05） at 6 to 72 h, pea- king at 12 h, decreasing at 48 h, back to normal at 5 d. [ Conclusion] The results suggested that the rabbit experimental mastitis model was suc- cassfullv constructed bv LPS Derfusion via teat duct.

A New Model of Experimental Cerebral Infarction in New Zealand White Rabbits

To develop an easy, reproducible experimental model of cerebral infarction(CI)without craniotomy in New Zealand white rabbits,a silicone rubber cylinder embedded in a nylon suture was delivered to the middle cerebral arteries through the internal carotid artery in anesthetized animals.Rabbits were sacrificed 0.5-5 h after embolization.CI size and location were ascertained by the tripheny1-2H-tetrazoliuni chloride(TTC)staining method;cerebral blood flow(CBF)was measured prior to and after embolization.Pco2,temperature and blood pressure were monitored and kept constant.CI occurred in all rabbits after 4 h of ischemia,in 50% after 3 h and only in 33% after 2.5 h.CI did not occur within less than 2.5 h of ischemia.No correlation was found between size and location of CI and occlusion time.CBF was maximally reduced in the right MCA territory but was also reduced in both anterior cerebral arteries and left MCA territories.This model is technically easy and the retrievable embolus allows the study of reperfusion by pulling on the nylon suture.It is suitable for studying chemical and molecular changes of the ischemic cells and/or for studying neuroimage changes after ischemic stroke.

An Experimental Rabbit Model of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

An experimental model of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in rabbits was established to simulate the pathophysiologic condition of human RRD. 24 rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups and underwent vitrectomy with a vitrector and/or retinotomy with a Charles flute needle, with 12 in group Ⅰ (vitrectomy and retinotomy), 7 in group Ⅱ (retinotomy) and 5 in group Ⅲ (vitrectomy). All animals underwent follow-up examinations with direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography 12 h and day 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 after the procedure(s). Retinal changes were recorded. As a result, 10 RRDs were successfully established in group Ⅰ. Direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography demonstrated typical features of RRD. No RRD developed in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. It was concluded that the experimental rhegmatogenous retinal detachment produced in a rabbit model after vitrectomy with retinotomy in this study was a convenient and reliable one. This RRD model mimicked the typical pathophysiological changes in humans.

Development and characterization of urethral stricture model in rabbits

Objective： To establish an experimental model of urethral stricture in rabbits. Methods： A total of 21 adult male New Zealand rabbits were included into group. After intravenous anesthesia, urethroscopy was performed with a pediatric resectoscope （F13）. Fifteen animals were randomly selected as the study group. A lcm-long circumferential electrocoagulation of the bulbar urethra was performed to these animals until ulceration of the mucosa. The remaining 6 animals underwent video urethroscopy without electrocoagulation, serving as controls. On the 30th day, retrograde urethrogram and urethroscopy were performed to evaluate urethral stricture formation, histological examinations （HE and Sirius Red staining） were done to assess urethral pathological change. Results： Two rabbits in study group died and no death occurred in controls. Based on urethrogram and urethroscopy, no rabbits in control group developed urethral stricture, while significant stricture formation was observed in every case of the study group. Histological examination showed a normal urethra in control cases, while at stricture site of the study group extensive fibrosis of muscle and submucous tis High collagen expression in fibrosis tissue was assayed sue by was observed with a large number of fibroblasts infiltration Sirius Red staining. Conclusion： A lcm-long endoscopic electrocoagulation can successfully induce urethral stricture formation in rabbit models. This method offers an ideal animal model for the fundamental and clinical study of urethral stricture

叶黄素对兔创伤性颞下颌关节强直的预防作用研究

目的:探讨叶黄素对兔创伤性颞下颌关节强直的作用。方法:将16只新西兰大白兔随机分为空白对照组及叶黄素干预组(实验组),所有实验动物均在保护关节囊的前提下建立创伤性颞下颌关节强直模型。术后实验组口服叶黄素10 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),连续给药4周。比较2组动物的最大开口度、体重、组织学、影像学、骨代谢指标等方面的差异。采用GraphPad Prism 9.4.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:术后实验组动物体重、开口度、血清骨钙素浓度、CT测量的髁突表面积及体积显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。组织形态学观察显示,2组实验动物髁突残端可见编织骨和新生骨,纤维中有时可见软骨化生灶,偶可见肉芽组织和陈旧性出血。实验组髁突纤维层增厚,细胞增殖活跃,细胞层次更加明显。结论:叶黄素对创伤性颞下颌关节强直的发生有一定预防作用,其作用机制可能与叶黄素促进骨形成、提高血清骨钙素浓度等有关。

牛支原体兔体攻毒模型的建立

牛支原体是引起牛呼吸疾病综合征(bovine respiratory disease, BRD)的重要病原之一,对养牛业造成了不可估量的经济损失。牛支原体对大多数抗生素都具有耐药性,目前没有较好的药物可以进行治疗,因此疫苗免疫是最有效的防控方法。缺乏小动物评价模型是牛支原体疫苗研发的重要制约因素之一。建立小动物攻毒模型,为后续疫苗的研究与制备提供一定的研究基础,并降低后续试验的科研成本。为建立牛支原体小动物感染模型,本研究以2月龄日本大耳白兔作为研究对象,分为4组:1)单独攻击HB0801株牛支原体,2)注射地塞米松后攻击HB0801株牛支原体,3)攻击HB0801株牛支原体后注射KLH和巯基乙酸盐培养基;4)空白对照组。通过PCR检测牛支原体排菌情况,检测血清中抗体水平,第31天后取肺制作病理切片。研究结果显示,注射地塞米松后攻击HB0801株牛支原体组的牛支原体检出率和抗体均最高,牛支原体检出率为42.11%,91.67%的动物被检测为抗体阳性。显著高于其它各组。除空白对照组外,其它攻毒组均出现了肺泡壁增厚,巨噬细胞浸润以及肺部不同程度的纤维素性渗出,符合牛支原体导致的间质性肺炎的病变特征。本研究建立了牛支原体HB0801株攻毒日本大耳白兔的感染及评价模型,地塞米松造成免疫抑制后攻毒HB0801株具有最好的造模效果。

磁压榨技术建立兔直肠阴道瘘模型

目的探讨利用磁压榨技术建立兔直肠阴道瘘动物模型的可行性。方法自行设计适用于制备兔直肠阴道瘘模型的磁性装置。以8只新西兰雌兔作为实验对象,耳缘静脉注射麻醉后取仰卧位,分别经阴道及肛门将子、母磁体置于直肠阴道隔两侧,并使子、母磁体对位相吸。记录手术操作时间,观察术后实验兔一般状态,记录磁体排出时间,术后1周处死实验兔获取直肠阴道瘘标本,肉眼观察直肠阴道瘘形成情况。结果8只实验兔成功制备了直肠阴道瘘动物模型,手术操作过程顺利,平均用时(1.63±0.70)min,术后兔一般状况良好。术后(4.63±0.99)d磁体排出体外,术后1周获取直肠阴道瘘标本,肉眼观察可见直肠阴道瘘形成良好。结论利用磁压榨技术建立兔直肠阴道瘘模型具有操作简单、模型制备成功率高的优点。

不同因素影响激素性股骨头坏死家兔模型成模效果的网状Meta分析

目的:激素性股骨头坏死家兔模型是最常用的股骨头坏死动物模型,其股骨头病理学改变与临床较为接近,但目前国内外报道的造模条件、方法和评价标准等均不统一,导致所建立动物模型的科学价值低、难于推广应用。此次研究旨在明确不同造模条件对激素性股骨头坏死家兔模型建立的影响,分析模型成功建立的适宜条件。方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献服务系统、Web of Science、PubMed和EMbase数据库中截至2022-04-01前有关激素性股骨头坏死家兔造模的文献,依据纳排标准以及文献质量评价等完成对文献的筛选并提取文献中结局指标数据,运用RevMan、Stata和ADDIS统计软件对纳入数据进行Meta分析。结果:(1)最终纳入82篇文献,共1366只家兔纳入研究,激素性股骨头坏死造模方法分为单纯激素法、激素联合脂多糖法和激素联合血清法3种,其中单纯激素法33篇文献,激素联合脂多糖法20篇文献,激素联合血清法29篇文献;(2)Meta分析结果显示,3种造模方法均能显著增加激素性股骨头坏死家兔股骨头空骨陷窝率(P<0.001),显著降低激素性股骨头坏死家兔股骨头骨小梁面积比(P<0.001);各造模方法的空骨陷窝率排序结果为:激素联合脂多糖法>单纯激素法>激素联合血清法>正常组;骨小梁面积比排序结果:正常组>激素联合血清法>单纯激素法>激素联合脂多糖法;(3)亚组分析结果提示:单纯激素诱导的家兔模型空骨陷窝率可能与家兔品种和造模用激素种类有关(组间差异P<0.05),其中新西兰白兔合并效应量高于中国白兔(P<0.05)和日本白兔,地塞米松合并效应量高于其他激素种类;激素联合脂多糖诱导的模型空骨陷窝率与激素种类和脂多糖给药模式有关(组间差异P<0.05),其中甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠合并效应量显著高于其他激素种类(P<0.05),泼尼松龙合并效应量显著低于其他激素种类(P<0.05),脂多糖100μg/kg×2次的合并效应量显著低于10μg/kg×2次和50μg/kg×2次(P<0.05);激素联合血清诱导的模型空骨陷窝率与激素种类和血清剂量有关(组间差异P<0.05),其中地塞米松磷酸钠合并效应量显著高于其他激素种类(P<0.05),地塞米松合并效应量显著低于其他激素种类(P<0.05),血清“10 mL/kg+6 mL/kg”组合剂量的合并效应量低于其他血清剂量(P<0.05)。结论:(1)以空骨陷窝率和骨小梁面积比作为模型成功建立的判断标准,3种造模方法都可成功构建家兔激素性股骨头坏死模型,其中激素联合脂多糖法最优;(2)选择单纯激素法时建议使用新西兰白兔和地塞米松,选择激素联合脂多糖法时建议使用甲泼尼龙琥珀酸钠和低剂量脂多糖,选择激素联合血清造模法时建议使用地塞米松磷酸钠。

变应性鼻炎相关动物模型研究进展

目的综述变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)相关动物模型的研究进展,为深入研究AR的发病机制及药物评价提供参考。方法通过对国内外文献的查阅,从AR模型动物的种类、特点、模型种类、建模方法、模型成功的标准和评价指标等方面进行总结。结果变应性鼻炎相关动物模型包括西医病理模型和中医病症结合模型,动物选择多使用豚鼠、小鼠、大鼠、新西兰兔等。结论总结已有AR动物模型的种类、方法和评价指标以及在AR发病机制研究中的应用,可为后续AR的深入研究提供参考。

脊柱融合动物模型的构建及评价方式的研究进展

脊柱融合术是指通过手术方式,使病变椎体相关的节段发生骨性连接,融合成一个整体以达到保护脊髓、重建脊柱稳定性的目的,可以有效解决脊柱节段性失稳及神经源性的疼痛。随着研究进展,脊柱融合的手术方式、融合器及植骨材料的种类也越来越多。但新的融合方式需要进行动物实验来验证其临床可行性。因此,合理的选择实验动物模型尤为重要。文章通过对不同实验动物中建立脊柱融合模型的方式及其评价标准进行分析,以期建立一个更接近于人体融合机制的模型,为后期进一步研究人类脊柱融合的过程提高融合率和安全性。

同种异体骨软骨移植的新西兰兔动物模型建立与评价

目的建立同种异体骨软骨移植的新西兰兔动物模型,并评估其影像学及组织学特征。方法选取5个月龄新西兰兔共36只,雌雄不限,随机选取12只取右后肢膝关节,经处理后截取部分胫骨平台骨软骨组织做为同种异体骨软骨移植的供体。12只为实验组,在右后肢膝关节胫骨侧截取5 mm×5 mm×5 mm骨软骨缺损区,同种异体骨软骨组织截取等量组织移植固定;12只为对照组,在右后肢膝关节胫骨侧相同位置截取等量骨软骨后原位固定。术后X线评估骨愈合情况,取材后microCT评估骨小梁愈合情况,骨关节切片染色观察组织学变化。结果两组动物均存活良好,无术后并发症;术后4周X线片示骨愈合良好;术后6周膝关节取材后microCT显示截骨处骨性愈合良好;关节切片HE染色显示软骨及软骨下骨结构良好,两组关节厚度无明显差异,番红固绿染色Mankin评分两组差异无统计学意义,阿利新兰染色显示活性软骨细胞计数两组差异无统计学意义。结论新西兰兔膝关节同种异体骨软骨移植动物模型构建简单、操作性强、手术并发症少,可较好地反应同种异体骨软骨移植的病理及生理过程。

Animal models for the study of atherosclerosis:Current status and questions

Experimental animal model is an essential tool in the study of lipid metabolism disorders and atherosclerosis.Since the first use of rabbits fed a high-fat diet by Russian researchers in the last century,a variety of animal models have been used to study atherosclerosis.Currently,engineered mice arethe most common animal models.However,either in the basic study to elucidate the mechanisms,orin the clinical bridging study to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic methods for atherosclerosis,there are still many challenges:Which animal model should be selected?And how to interpret the results obtained from the selected animal model?Notably,human atherosclerosis is a disease that develops over time through a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors,finally leading to complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke.Unfortunately,many results of atherosclerosis studies cannot be applied to humans,due to the current experimental animal models cannot mimic the complex lesions and complications in humans.In this review,we would like to discuss the current status and future challenges of experimental animal models for the study of lipid metabolism disorders and atherosclerosis.

Donor's site evaluation after restoration with autografts or synthetic plugs in rabbits

AIM: To investigate donor site's area histological and immunohistochemical knee cartilage appearances after resurfacing iatrogenic defects with biosynthetic plugs orautografts. METHODS: Thirty New Zealand White rabbits were used in this study. A full-thickness cylindrical defect of 4.5 mm(diameter) × 7 mm(depth) was created with a hand drill in the femoral groove of every animal. In Group A(n = 10) the defect of the donor site was re-paired with a biosynthetic osteochondral plug, in Group B(n = 10) with an osteochondral autograft, while in Group C(control group of 10) rabbits were left untreated. RESULTS: Twenty-four weeks postoperatively, smooth articular cartilage was found macroscopically in some trocleas' surfaces; in all others, an articular surface with discontinuities was observed. Twenty-eight out of 30 animals were found with predominantly viable chondrocytes leaving the remaining two-which were found only in the control group- with partially viable chondrocytes. However, histology revealed many statistical differences between the groups as far as the International Cartilage Repair Society(ICRS) categories are concerned. Immunofluoresence also revealed the presence of collagen Ⅱ in all specimens of Group B, whereas in Group A collagen Ⅱ was found in less specimens. In Group C collagen Ⅱwas not found. CONCLUSION: The matrix, cell distribution, subchondral bone and cartilage mineralization ICRS categories showed statistically differences between the three groups. Group A was second, while group B received the best scores; the control group got the worst ICRS scores in these categories. So, the donor site area, when repairing osteochondral lesions with autografting systems, is better amended with osteochondral autograft rather than bone graft substitute implant.

新农科背景下动物科学专业拔尖创新型人才培养模式探索

动物科学专业拔尖创新型人才是现代化畜牧业绿色高质量发展的关键,完善该领域本科生的培养模式对于满足产业人才需求和本科生的职业选择具有重要的现实意义。然而,现今的动物科学专业本科培养过程存在思政教育模式模糊、青年教师教学能力不足、培养模式单一等问题。从提升学生的知农爱农兴农情怀、构建高素质青年教师培育体系、打造一体化培养模式等方面探索新农科背景下动物科学专业拔尖创新型人才培养模式,以期为新动科拔尖创新型人才培养提供新的思路。