Posterior malleolus fractures are quite common and usually result from rotational ankle injuries. For the management of posterior malleolus fractures, more studies are still required, though it is already well-recogni...Posterior malleolus fractures are quite common and usually result from rotational ankle injuries. For the management of posterior malleolus fractures, more studies are still required, though it is already well-recognized for medial and lateral structure. Therefore, fracture of posterior malleolus is striking subject of study among orthopedic surgeons. Most orthopedic surgeons recommend fixing the posterior malleolus fracture if it is larger than 25% to 33% of the distal articular surface. Further attention is required for the reduction and fixation of fractures involving posterior malleolus. Several approaches and methods for fixation of posterior malleolus have been defined in the literature. Previously, the most common method of fixation of the posterior malleolus is by indirect reduction and antero-posterior screws, it is minimally invasive, the anterior incision does not allow satisfactory visualization of the fragment, so good anatomical reduction is difficult to achieve thorough this approach. Operative management goals to reach a stable ankle with maximal function, decrease the risk of post-traumatic degenerative changes, and diminish the risk of complication. Nowadays, posterolateral approach is gaining the popularity due to adequate visualization and accurate anatomic reduction.展开更多
Purpose: To measure the effectiveness of using percutaneous intramedullary screw fixation of the lateral malleolus fracture on the healing and functional outcome of ankle fracture. Materials and methods: Forty-six pat...Purpose: To measure the effectiveness of using percutaneous intramedullary screw fixation of the lateral malleolus fracture on the healing and functional outcome of ankle fracture. Materials and methods: Forty-six patients with Weber A and low Weber B displaced lateral malleolus fractures who underwent closed reduction and percutaneous internal fixation with an intramedullary, fully threaded, screw were retrospectively reviewed. A 3.5-mm, fully threaded, selftapping bone screw (stainless steel from Pelvic Set Synthes). The length of the screw varies between 100 mm and 120 mm, depending on the fracture location and pattern. Results: All fractures united within an average time to union of 8.2 weeks. In all patients the average time to full weight bearing was 6.8 weeks, whereas that in patients with isolated lateral malleolus fractures was 4.5 weeks. There were no deep wound infections or complaints of painful hardware. At latest follow-up, functional results were excellent in, 25 patients (54.3%) good in 20 (43.5%), fair in (2.2%). Conclusion: If reduction of the lateral malleolus fracture can be obtained in a closed fashion (with the aid of an image x-ray intensifier), we believe that fixation may be performed with an axial screw percutaneously. This technique is quick, safe and easy to do with less complication.展开更多
Background:Missed diagnosis rate of spiral tibia shaft fracture with posterior malleolus crack fracture(PMCF)is high in the clinical.However,the mechanism and related factors of fracture are still unclear.Moreover,PMC...Background:Missed diagnosis rate of spiral tibia shaft fracture with posterior malleolus crack fracture(PMCF)is high in the clinical.However,the mechanism and related factors of fracture are still unclear.Moreover,PMCF has been observed in other types of tibial shaft fractures.Objective:To explore the correlative factors of tibial shaft fracture with ipsilateral PMCF,decrease the rate of clinical missed diagnosis,strengthen the effective fixation of PMCF,and reduce the incidence of traumatic arthritis.Methods:From September 2014 to May 2019,we collected 137 tibiofibular fracture.Only 68 cases involved in ankle joint CT examination and were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into posterior malleolus group(30 cases)and non-posterior malleolus group(38 cases)according to whether come up PMCF or not.The posterior malleolus group contained 24 males and 6 females,27-77(47.57±11.79)years old,the non-posterior malleolus group contained 23 males and 15 females,18-85(48.71±13.84)years old.The gender,age,location,fibula fracture and tibial shaft fracture classification were observed for univariate and multivariate analysis.Results:The probability of PMCF was higher with right tibial shaft fracture(OR=3.6995%CI:1.13-12.08 P<0.05);the probability of PMCF following distal fibular fracture was higher than that without fibular fracture(OR=11.3695%CI:1.72-75.05 P<0.05);the probability of PMCF with type A tibial shaft fracture was higher than type C(OR=4.8295%CI:1.19-19.58 P<0.05).Conclusion:Right type A tibial shaft fracture accompanied by distal fibular fracture are very important factors related to PMCF,which needs highly attention to avoid clinical missed diagnosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ankle fractures are common lesions of the lower limbs.Approximately 40%of ankle fractures affect the posterior malleolus(PM).Historically,PM osteosynthesis was recommended when PM size in X-ray images was g...BACKGROUND Ankle fractures are common lesions of the lower limbs.Approximately 40%of ankle fractures affect the posterior malleolus(PM).Historically,PM osteosynthesis was recommended when PM size in X-ray images was greater than 25%of the joint.Currently,computed tomography(CT)has been gaining traction in the preoperative evaluation of ankle fractures.AIM To elucidate the similarity in dimensions and to correlate PM size in X-ray images with the articular surface of the affected tibial plafond in the axial view on CT(AXCT)of a PM fracture.METHODS Eighty-one patients(mean age:39.4±13.5 years)were evaluated(54.3%were male).Two independent examiners measured PM size in profile X-ray images(PMXR)and sagittal CT(SAGCT)slices.The correlation of the measurements between the examiners and the difference in the PM fragment sizes between the two images were compared.Next,the PM size in PMXR was compared with the surface of the tibial plafond involved in the fracture in AXCT according to the Haraguchi classification.RESULTS The correlation rates between the examiners were 0.93 and 0.94 for PMXR and SAGCT,respectively(P<0.001).Fragments were 2.12%larger in SAGCT than in PMXR(P=0.018).In PMXR,there were 56 cases<25%and 25 cases≥25%.When PMXR was<25%,AXCT corresponded to 10.13%of the tibial plafond.When PMXR was≥25%,AXCT was 24.52%(P<0.001).According to the Haraguchi classification,fracture types I and II had similar PMXR measurements that were greater than those of type III.When analyzing AXCT,a significant difference was found between the three types,with II>I>III(P<0.001).CONCLUSION PM fractures show different sizes using X-ray or CT images.CT showed a larger PM in the sagittal plane and allowed the visualization of the real dimensions of the tibial plafond surface.展开更多
Isolated distal fibula fractures represent the majority of ankle fractures.These fractures are often the result of a low-energy trauma with external rotation and supination mechanism.Diagnosis is based on clinical sig...Isolated distal fibula fractures represent the majority of ankle fractures.These fractures are often the result of a low-energy trauma with external rotation and supination mechanism.Diagnosis is based on clinical signs and radiographic exam.Stress X-rays have a role in detecting associated mortise instability.Management depends on fracture type,displacement and associated ankle instability.For simple,minimally displaced fractures without ankle instability,conservative treatment leads to excellent results.Conservative treatment must also be considered in overaged unhealthy patients,even in unstable fractures.Surgical treatment is indicated when fracture or ankle instability are present,with several techniques described.Outcome is excellent in most cases.Complications regarding wound healing are frequent,especially with plate fixation,whereas other complications are uncommon.展开更多
Objective The objective of this article is to summarize the development of evaluation and treatment of posterior malleolus fracture （PMF）. Data sources Data used in this Study selection Articles were review were ma...Objective The objective of this article is to summarize the development of evaluation and treatment of posterior malleolus fracture （PMF）. Data sources Data used in this Study selection Articles were review were mainly from English literature of PubMed data base. ncluded in this review if they were related to the PMF or trimalleolar fracture.展开更多
目的比较经后外侧入路由后向前三枚空心螺钉三角分布固定与钢板固定治疗累及关节面≥25%后踝骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析南京大学医学院附属苏州医院2016年5月至2022年5月行外科手术治疗的63例后踝骨折患者的临床资料,其中33例行三...目的比较经后外侧入路由后向前三枚空心螺钉三角分布固定与钢板固定治疗累及关节面≥25%后踝骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析南京大学医学院附属苏州医院2016年5月至2022年5月行外科手术治疗的63例后踝骨折患者的临床资料,其中33例行三枚空心螺钉三角分布固定(空心钉组),30例行钢板固定(钢板组)。比较两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、骨折愈合时间、并发症发生率,以及术后6、12个月及末次随访时踝关节功能评分(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)和踝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)。结果63例患者均得到随访,随访时间为12~48个月,平均(20.5±2.1)个月。两组患者在平均手术时间及并发症发生率方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),平均手术时间空心钉组短于钢板组,并发症发生率空心钉组(3.03%)低于钢板组(13.33%);而两组患者的术中出血量及后踝骨折愈合时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时优良率比较,空心钉组(90.9%)与钢板组(90.0%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者随访期间均未出现切口感染、内固定物松动、退出、骨不连等并发症。结论两种方法在治疗此类后踝骨折中均可取得良好的临床疗效,而空心螺钉三角分布固定具有创伤小、并发症少及易于取出等众多优点,是此类后踝骨折内固定有效且经济的方法选择。展开更多
目的:探讨旋后外旋型Ⅱ度及以上踝关节骨折术后功能恢复的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2019年2月至2021年4月收治的120例旋后外旋型Ⅱ度及以上踝关节骨折患者的临床资料。根据美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Socie...目的:探讨旋后外旋型Ⅱ度及以上踝关节骨折术后功能恢复的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2019年2月至2021年4月收治的120例旋后外旋型Ⅱ度及以上踝关节骨折患者的临床资料。根据美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)足-后踝评分分为优组(90~100分)73例,良组(75~89分)35例,可组(<50分)12例。比较3组末次随访时踝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)及并发症发生情况。对影响旋后外旋型踝关节骨折术后功能恢复的相关因素行单因素分析,将单因素分析中差异有统计学意义的结果进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:优组与良、可组术后关节ROM(背伸、跖屈、内翻、外翻)以及并发症比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,3组年龄≥50岁、旋后外旋型骨折Ⅳ度、合并下胫腓韧带损伤螺钉内固定、合并后踝骨折“T”形钢板固定、未放置引流管、存在感染、抗生素使用时间≥7 d组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥50岁[OR=2.829,95%CI(1.049,7.628),P=0.040]、旋后外旋型Ⅳ度骨折[OR=6.13,95%CI(1.153,32.593),P=0.033],合并下胫腓韧带损伤螺钉内固定[OR=10.785,95%CI(3.338,3.894),P=0.000]、合并后踝骨折“T”形钢板固定[OR=6.349,95%CI(1.869,21.560),P=0.003]是影响旋后外旋型踝关节骨折术后功能恢复的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:踝关节骨折术后结局为优者其ROM恢复较佳;年龄≥50岁、旋后外旋型骨折Ⅳ度、合并下胫腓韧带损伤螺钉内固定、合并后踝骨折“T”形钢板固定均影响旋后外旋型踝关节骨折术后功能恢复的危险因素。临床可对这些影响因素采取有效的应对措施,以改善其术后功能恢复,防止相关并发症的发生。展开更多
文摘Posterior malleolus fractures are quite common and usually result from rotational ankle injuries. For the management of posterior malleolus fractures, more studies are still required, though it is already well-recognized for medial and lateral structure. Therefore, fracture of posterior malleolus is striking subject of study among orthopedic surgeons. Most orthopedic surgeons recommend fixing the posterior malleolus fracture if it is larger than 25% to 33% of the distal articular surface. Further attention is required for the reduction and fixation of fractures involving posterior malleolus. Several approaches and methods for fixation of posterior malleolus have been defined in the literature. Previously, the most common method of fixation of the posterior malleolus is by indirect reduction and antero-posterior screws, it is minimally invasive, the anterior incision does not allow satisfactory visualization of the fragment, so good anatomical reduction is difficult to achieve thorough this approach. Operative management goals to reach a stable ankle with maximal function, decrease the risk of post-traumatic degenerative changes, and diminish the risk of complication. Nowadays, posterolateral approach is gaining the popularity due to adequate visualization and accurate anatomic reduction.
文摘Purpose: To measure the effectiveness of using percutaneous intramedullary screw fixation of the lateral malleolus fracture on the healing and functional outcome of ankle fracture. Materials and methods: Forty-six patients with Weber A and low Weber B displaced lateral malleolus fractures who underwent closed reduction and percutaneous internal fixation with an intramedullary, fully threaded, screw were retrospectively reviewed. A 3.5-mm, fully threaded, selftapping bone screw (stainless steel from Pelvic Set Synthes). The length of the screw varies between 100 mm and 120 mm, depending on the fracture location and pattern. Results: All fractures united within an average time to union of 8.2 weeks. In all patients the average time to full weight bearing was 6.8 weeks, whereas that in patients with isolated lateral malleolus fractures was 4.5 weeks. There were no deep wound infections or complaints of painful hardware. At latest follow-up, functional results were excellent in, 25 patients (54.3%) good in 20 (43.5%), fair in (2.2%). Conclusion: If reduction of the lateral malleolus fracture can be obtained in a closed fashion (with the aid of an image x-ray intensifier), we believe that fixation may be performed with an axial screw percutaneously. This technique is quick, safe and easy to do with less complication.
基金13th five-year plan Key specialty of Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Chinese medicine。
文摘Background:Missed diagnosis rate of spiral tibia shaft fracture with posterior malleolus crack fracture(PMCF)is high in the clinical.However,the mechanism and related factors of fracture are still unclear.Moreover,PMCF has been observed in other types of tibial shaft fractures.Objective:To explore the correlative factors of tibial shaft fracture with ipsilateral PMCF,decrease the rate of clinical missed diagnosis,strengthen the effective fixation of PMCF,and reduce the incidence of traumatic arthritis.Methods:From September 2014 to May 2019,we collected 137 tibiofibular fracture.Only 68 cases involved in ankle joint CT examination and were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into posterior malleolus group(30 cases)and non-posterior malleolus group(38 cases)according to whether come up PMCF or not.The posterior malleolus group contained 24 males and 6 females,27-77(47.57±11.79)years old,the non-posterior malleolus group contained 23 males and 15 females,18-85(48.71±13.84)years old.The gender,age,location,fibula fracture and tibial shaft fracture classification were observed for univariate and multivariate analysis.Results:The probability of PMCF was higher with right tibial shaft fracture(OR=3.6995%CI:1.13-12.08 P<0.05);the probability of PMCF following distal fibular fracture was higher than that without fibular fracture(OR=11.3695%CI:1.72-75.05 P<0.05);the probability of PMCF with type A tibial shaft fracture was higher than type C(OR=4.8295%CI:1.19-19.58 P<0.05).Conclusion:Right type A tibial shaft fracture accompanied by distal fibular fracture are very important factors related to PMCF,which needs highly attention to avoid clinical missed diagnosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Ankle fractures are common lesions of the lower limbs.Approximately 40%of ankle fractures affect the posterior malleolus(PM).Historically,PM osteosynthesis was recommended when PM size in X-ray images was greater than 25%of the joint.Currently,computed tomography(CT)has been gaining traction in the preoperative evaluation of ankle fractures.AIM To elucidate the similarity in dimensions and to correlate PM size in X-ray images with the articular surface of the affected tibial plafond in the axial view on CT(AXCT)of a PM fracture.METHODS Eighty-one patients(mean age:39.4±13.5 years)were evaluated(54.3%were male).Two independent examiners measured PM size in profile X-ray images(PMXR)and sagittal CT(SAGCT)slices.The correlation of the measurements between the examiners and the difference in the PM fragment sizes between the two images were compared.Next,the PM size in PMXR was compared with the surface of the tibial plafond involved in the fracture in AXCT according to the Haraguchi classification.RESULTS The correlation rates between the examiners were 0.93 and 0.94 for PMXR and SAGCT,respectively(P<0.001).Fragments were 2.12%larger in SAGCT than in PMXR(P=0.018).In PMXR,there were 56 cases<25%and 25 cases≥25%.When PMXR was<25%,AXCT corresponded to 10.13%of the tibial plafond.When PMXR was≥25%,AXCT was 24.52%(P<0.001).According to the Haraguchi classification,fracture types I and II had similar PMXR measurements that were greater than those of type III.When analyzing AXCT,a significant difference was found between the three types,with II>I>III(P<0.001).CONCLUSION PM fractures show different sizes using X-ray or CT images.CT showed a larger PM in the sagittal plane and allowed the visualization of the real dimensions of the tibial plafond surface.
文摘Isolated distal fibula fractures represent the majority of ankle fractures.These fractures are often the result of a low-energy trauma with external rotation and supination mechanism.Diagnosis is based on clinical signs and radiographic exam.Stress X-rays have a role in detecting associated mortise instability.Management depends on fracture type,displacement and associated ankle instability.For simple,minimally displaced fractures without ankle instability,conservative treatment leads to excellent results.Conservative treatment must also be considered in overaged unhealthy patients,even in unstable fractures.Surgical treatment is indicated when fracture or ankle instability are present,with several techniques described.Outcome is excellent in most cases.Complications regarding wound healing are frequent,especially with plate fixation,whereas other complications are uncommon.
文摘Objective The objective of this article is to summarize the development of evaluation and treatment of posterior malleolus fracture （PMF）. Data sources Data used in this Study selection Articles were review were mainly from English literature of PubMed data base. ncluded in this review if they were related to the PMF or trimalleolar fracture.
文摘目的比较经后外侧入路由后向前三枚空心螺钉三角分布固定与钢板固定治疗累及关节面≥25%后踝骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析南京大学医学院附属苏州医院2016年5月至2022年5月行外科手术治疗的63例后踝骨折患者的临床资料,其中33例行三枚空心螺钉三角分布固定(空心钉组),30例行钢板固定(钢板组)。比较两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、骨折愈合时间、并发症发生率,以及术后6、12个月及末次随访时踝关节功能评分(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)和踝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)。结果63例患者均得到随访,随访时间为12~48个月,平均(20.5±2.1)个月。两组患者在平均手术时间及并发症发生率方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),平均手术时间空心钉组短于钢板组,并发症发生率空心钉组(3.03%)低于钢板组(13.33%);而两组患者的术中出血量及后踝骨折愈合时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。末次随访时优良率比较,空心钉组(90.9%)与钢板组(90.0%)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组患者随访期间均未出现切口感染、内固定物松动、退出、骨不连等并发症。结论两种方法在治疗此类后踝骨折中均可取得良好的临床疗效,而空心螺钉三角分布固定具有创伤小、并发症少及易于取出等众多优点,是此类后踝骨折内固定有效且经济的方法选择。
文摘目的:探讨旋后外旋型Ⅱ度及以上踝关节骨折术后功能恢复的影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2019年2月至2021年4月收治的120例旋后外旋型Ⅱ度及以上踝关节骨折患者的临床资料。根据美国足踝外科协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)足-后踝评分分为优组(90~100分)73例,良组(75~89分)35例,可组(<50分)12例。比较3组末次随访时踝关节活动度(range of motion,ROM)及并发症发生情况。对影响旋后外旋型踝关节骨折术后功能恢复的相关因素行单因素分析,将单因素分析中差异有统计学意义的结果进行多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:优组与良、可组术后关节ROM(背伸、跖屈、内翻、外翻)以及并发症比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,3组年龄≥50岁、旋后外旋型骨折Ⅳ度、合并下胫腓韧带损伤螺钉内固定、合并后踝骨折“T”形钢板固定、未放置引流管、存在感染、抗生素使用时间≥7 d组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥50岁[OR=2.829,95%CI(1.049,7.628),P=0.040]、旋后外旋型Ⅳ度骨折[OR=6.13,95%CI(1.153,32.593),P=0.033],合并下胫腓韧带损伤螺钉内固定[OR=10.785,95%CI(3.338,3.894),P=0.000]、合并后踝骨折“T”形钢板固定[OR=6.349,95%CI(1.869,21.560),P=0.003]是影响旋后外旋型踝关节骨折术后功能恢复的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:踝关节骨折术后结局为优者其ROM恢复较佳;年龄≥50岁、旋后外旋型骨折Ⅳ度、合并下胫腓韧带损伤螺钉内固定、合并后踝骨折“T”形钢板固定均影响旋后外旋型踝关节骨折术后功能恢复的危险因素。临床可对这些影响因素采取有效的应对措施,以改善其术后功能恢复,防止相关并发症的发生。
