Antibacterial, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of an ACAZY Herbal Formula Used in Traditional Medicine to Treat Respiratory Infections

ACAZY is a plant formula used in traditional medicine in Burkina Faso to treat respiratory infections. After phytochemical analysis, this study evaluated extracts’ anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antibacterial properties from the ACAZY recipe. Three extractions, an aqueous macerate (AM), an aqueous decoction (AD) and an hydroethanolic macerate (HEM) of the ACAZY recipe powder were carried out. Phytochemical screening of the extracts was carried out using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and the determination of phenolic compounds. The anti-inflammatory potential was assessed in vitro using pro-inflammatory enzyme inhibition tests. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) antioxidant properties were also determined. The antibacterial activity was evaluated on Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae strains. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, anthracenosids, sterols and triterpenes in the extracts. The extracts inhibited pro-inflammatory enzymes by more than 40% at only 100 µg/mL. The extracts also showed potent antibacterial activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration 1 mg/mL on Staphylococcus aureus and 2 mg/mL on Streptococcus pneumoniae. The extracts in the ACAZY formula have shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in vitro. The AD also showed an antibacterial activity. This justifies its use in traditional medicine to treat acute respiratory infections.

Safety and in Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Ficus umbellata (Vahl.) Leaves

Toxicity is the totality of adverse effects, which can be functional and morphological lesions in a living organism, caused by a substance introduced in relatively high single doses or in small, repeated doses. The aim of this study was to assess the OECD-recommended acute oral toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaves. Animals were given a single oral dose of 1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/Kg body weight (BW) of the extract. For the anti-inflammatory activity test, rats were given the ethanolic extract of F. umbellata leaves at doses of 100, 300 and 500 mg/Kg or aspirin® at a concentration of 100 mg/Kg PC orally, one hour before injection of 0.05 ml of 1% formalin under the plantar fascia of the rat’s right hind paw. Paw volume measurements were taken one, two and three hours after formalin injection, using an electronic caliper. After 14 days of observation, no deaths were observed in treated rats. The LD50 of ethanolic extract of Ficus umbellata leaf powder is greater than 5000 mg/Kg body weight. This extract has no significant effects on hematological parameters and on the main markers of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity for a single dose of less than 5000 mg/Kg PC. It reduces formalin-induced edema. Evaluation of the percentage inhibition showed that the extract had greater anti-inflammatory activity at 3 hours after the start of the experiment. However, better inhibition of inflammatory oedema of the paw of rats treated with 500 mg/Kg was observed at 5 hours after the start of the experiment, with a percentage inhibition of 69.23 ± 1.02, compared with the reference group treated with aspirin® 100 mg/Kg, which showed an inhibition of 63.50 ± 0.98. These results show that F. umbellata leaves possess anti-inflammatory activity, which would justify their use in traditional African medicine to prevent or treat inflammation.

Roles of Community Pharmacists in Screening and Disseminating of Information about Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Risks: Implications for Drug Safety Assessment

Background: The increasing use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) both on prescription and over the counter raises a major global health concern because of the risks associated with their use if no proper guidance is given by the health care provider. This study assessed the roles of community pharmacists in screening and disseminating information about the risks associated with NSAID use in Zambia. Methodology: This was a national cross-sectional study in which a structured self-administered questionnaire was administered to 245 registered community pharmacists in Zambia. Stata/BE, version 15.1 (Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, USA) and multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with information dissemination about ADRs of NS-NSAIDs. Results: 231 of the 245 distributed questionnaires were returned giving a response rate of 94.3%. All (100%) participating community pharmacists claimed to have practiced dispensing NSAIDs. However, only 26 (11.0%) and 71 (30.8%) regularly screened for risk factor of selective COX-2 NSAIDS (SC2-NSAIDS) and non-selective NSAIDS (NS-NSAIDs) respectively. Information dissemination on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of SC2-NSAIDS was regularly provided by only 22 (9.5%) of pharmacists while that of NS-NSAIDs was regularly provided by 49 (21.2%). In the multivariate logistic regression model, being the owner of a pharmacy (AOR: 5.4, CI: 1.84 - 16.4) was significantly associated with information dissemination about ADRs of NS-NSAIDs while an hour increase in the working hours per day (AOR: 0.9, CI: 0.64 - 0.95) was associated with less likelihood of information dissemination. Conclusion: Pharmacists working in community pharmacies in Zambia did not regularly screen and disseminate information about the risks associated with NSAID use. Therefore, pharmacists should be able to screen and monitor patients at risk and be aware of the majority of risk factors while dispensing NSAIDs to minimize the associated complications.

Preprocessing and Efficacy Analysis of Comprehensive Anti-Inflammatory Treatment for Lymphedema in Patients with Irritating Contact Dermatitis

Objective: To explore the pre-treatment and efficacy analysis of comprehensive anti-inflammatory treatment for lymphedema in patients with irritating contact dermatitis. Method: Convenience sampling method was used to observe the skin of 160 patients with upper limb lymphedema admitted to the lymphedema outpatient department of our hospital. They were divided into an observation group (80 cases) and a control group (80 cases), and both groups received a course of comprehensive anti-inflammatory treatment (20 treatments). The control group received routine skin care;On the basis of the control group, the observation group received pre-treatment of the affected limb skin: Laofuzi herbal ointment was applied externally to the prone areas of irritating contact dermatitis (such as the upper arm, inner forearm, and cubital fossa). Result: The incidence of irritating contact dermatitis in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P 0.05). Patients in the observation group felt significantly better in terms of comfort, skin moisture, and itching relief after being wrapped with low elasticity bandages than those in the control group (P Conclusion: Preventive treatment can effectively reduce the incidence of irritating contact dermatitis, prolong the time of stress treatment, thereby increasing efficacy and improving patient compliance.

Tamanu Oil in Acne Management: Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Wound-Healing Properties for Scar Reduction

Tamanu oil, derived from the nuts of Calophyllum inophyllum, has gained increasing attention for its potential in acne management due to its purported anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. This analysis evaluates the efficacy of tamanu oil in acne treatment with a specific focus on its impact on inflammation and scar reduction. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive analysis of tamanu oil’s dual mechanism of action: reducing acne-related inflammation and promoting the healing of acne scars. Clinical trials and laboratory analyses were conducted to assess the oil’s effectiveness in diminishing erythema, swelling, and post-acne scarring compared to conventional treatments. Preliminary findings demonstrate that tamanu oil significantly reduces inflammation and accelerates wound healing, potentially offering a promising adjunct or alternative to standard acne therapies. Future research should aim to optimize formulation and application protocols, long-term effects, and comparative therapeutic efficacy with other anti-inflammatory agents. Tamanu oil offers a novel and effective approach to acne management, with potential advantages that go beyond inflammation reduction to include enhanced scar reduction, making it a subject that warrants further investigation.

类风湿关节炎合并骨关节炎病人血清anti-Sa、anti-CCP水平与骨关节损伤、全身炎症反应的相关性分析

目的:分析类风湿关节炎(RA)病人血清anti-Sa、anti-CCP抗体水平与其骨关节损伤、全身炎症反应的相关性。方法:选择RA合并骨关节损伤病人108例,根据血清anti-Sa、anti-CCP抗体水平分别列入高anti-Sa组和低anti-Sa组、高anti-CCP组和低anti-CCP组。比较各组病人WOMAC骨性关节炎指数、lysholms膝关节功能评分值,血清白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、IL-27、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平。采用Pearson检验评估有关指标的相关性。结果:高anti-Sa组、高anti-CCP组病人的WOMAC骨性关节炎指数明显高于低anti-Sa组(P<0.01),lysholms膝关节功能评分明显低于低anti-Sa组(P<0.01);血清中IL-1β、IL-6、IL-27、TNF-α的水平明显高于低anti-CCP组(P<0.01)。RA病人血清anti-Sa、anti-CCP抗体水平与骨关节损伤、全身炎症反应严重程度呈正相关关系(P<0.05~P<0.01),与lysholms膝关节功能评分呈负相关关系(P<0.01)。结论:RA病人血清中anti-Sa、anti-CCP抗体水平显著升高与关节损伤及全身炎症反应有一定的相关性,可作为临床判断病情活动性与骨关节损伤的参考指标。

Progress in the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients with Primary Non-Responsiveness

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic, nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disorders characterized by localized and systemic inflammation. The use of biologic agents in the treatment of IBD patients is widespread, and the occurrence of primary non-responsiveness during treatment is also significant. This review briefly summarizes the possible reasons for primary non-responsiveness in IBD patients, as well as predictive markers and current strategies to address it, providing a theoretical reference for early identification and management of IBD patients who do not respond to treatment.

Experimental study of the anti-inflammatory activity of some compounds in Berchemia lineata(L.)DC

Objective:To screen the anti-inflammatory monomeric compounds isolated from Berchemia lineata(L.)DC and explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of some compounds based on NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods:LPS was used to induce RAW264.7 to establish a model of cellular inflammatory reaction.CCK-8 method was used to detect the effect of monomer compounds on the activity of RAW264.7 cells.The release of nitric oxide(NO)in the superneant was measured by Griess method,and NO inhibition rate was calculated.The anti-inflammatory activity gradient of some monomeric compounds was also measured.The effects of monomer compound 21 on the secretion of IL-6,TNF-α,NF-κB,COX-2 and iNOS induced by LPS were detected by ELISA.Results:The concentration of monomer compound of Berchemia lineata(L.)DC.was 50μmol/L,and it was administered for 24 h.The results showed that anthraquinone compound No.19 had obvious drug toxicity,while other compounds had weak or no obvious drug toxicity.The concentration was 50μmol/L,and the drug was administered for 12 h.The results showed that all the monomer compounds could inhibit the release of NO to varying degrees,and the highest NO inhibition rate was over 90%,which showed obvious anti-inflammatory activity.NO inhibition rate of No.01 new skeleton compound can reach 70.81%.The results of anti-inflammatory activity gradient showed that the monomer compound of Berchemia lineata(L.)DC.could inhibit the release of NO in a dose-dependent manner.The results of ELISA showed that phenolic compound 21 could inhibit the secretion of IL-6,TNF-α,NF-κB,COX-2 and iNOS in RAW264.7 cells.Conclusion:The monomer compound of Berchemia lineata(L.)DC.has a certain anti-inflammatory activity,among which flavonoids and bibenzyl components isolated from this plant for the first time may be the material basis for its anti-inflammatory activity.The simple phenolic monomer compound 21 may play an anti-inflammatory role by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway.

Primary Characterization of a Novel Soymilk-Cashew Fermented with an Improving of Its Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Contents

Cashew nut (Anacardium occidental) milk was included as a functional ingredient in soybean (Glycine max L.) milk at 20/80% and was fermented comparatively to commercial yogurt starters by two strains TC6 and A4 (recently isolated from two Ivorian highly flavored neglected traditional staple foods (beer and garlic)) identified as Weissella paramesenteroides and Enterococcus faecalis, after the screening of their probiotic, antioxydant and anti-inflammatory potentialities, respectively. The primary characterization of these plant-milks showed a strong improvement in their sensory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory abilities. While TC6 from traditional beer Tchapalo increases anti-inflammatory activity by almost eighteen times, A4 isolated from garlic increases antioxidant activity by two times. Due to their aromatic and organosensory potentialities certainly, milks L138, L180 and 130 fermented respectively by the combination of TC6 and A4, TC4 alone and A4 alone were the most appreciated than the plant-milk fermented by the two strains of commercial yogurt. These probiotics, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory plant-milks should be further characterized in terms of their biological activities and tested in animal models to confirm their nutrition-health claims.

Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Properties of the Aqueous Extracts of the Leaves of Opilia amentacea (Opiliaceae)

Opilia amentacea (Opiliaceae) is a woody plant with multiple medicinal claimed effects. The present study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the decoction and macerate extracts from the leaves of Opilia amentacea. Moreover, acute toxicity and phytochemical analysis were performed. The acute toxicity was evaluated on NMRI mice at 2000 mg/kg bw. The anti-inflammatory activity was studied using the carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema and the lipoxygenase inhibition assay. The radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS), ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assays were used to measure the antioxidant capacity of the extracts. Qualitative and quantitative methods served for identifying and quantifying the extract’s phytoconstituents. The decoction demonstrated low acute toxicity;the lethal dose was therefore estimated to be superior to 2000 mg/kg bw. The extracts significantly reduced the mouse paw’s thickness at 600 mg/kg bw. The extracts developed weak radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory effects. However, the macerate showed a high ability (664.90 ± 0.71 mol Ascorbic Acid Equivalent/g dry extract) to reduce the ferric ions. Saponins, sterols, triterpenes, and flavonoids were qualitatively detected in the two extracts. Total phenolics (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) were found abundant in the extracts, especially the decoction (TP content (TPC) = 94.03 ± 2.66 mg GAE/g;TF content (TFC) = 35.05 ± 0.32 mg QE/g). Strong positive correlations existed between ferric-reducing capacity and TPC (r = 0.959) for the macerate, while TFC was mainly involved in the DPPH radical scavenging of the two extracts. Instead, most correlations were negative between the polyphenol compounds and the anti-inflammatory assays. The results indicate potent in vivo anti-inflammatory and in vitro antioxidant effects of the aqueous extracts from the leaves of Opilia amentacea. Further studies are needed to find the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects mechanism.

Study on the Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Mechanisms of Breast Lump Resolution Detergent in a Rat Model of Breast Hyperplasia

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanisms of a breast lump resolution detergent in a rat model of breast hyperplasia. Methods: A rat model of breast hyperplasia was established using injections of estradiol benzoate combined with progesterone. The effects of the breast lump resolution detergent on nipple height and diameter in the rat model were observed, along with its impact on serum levels of estradiol (E2), prolactin (PRL), and progesterone (P). Additionally, the study examined the morphological changes in breast tissue. The impact of the breast nodule detergent on blood rheology parameters was also observed. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory effect of the breast nodule detergent was assessed using the cotton ball granuloma experiment, and the analgesic effect was observed using the writhing test. Results: The breast lump resolution detergent reduced nipple height and diameter in the rat model, decreased serum levels of E2, PRL, and P, and alleviated pathological changes in breast tissue. It also lowered hemorheological parameters including whole blood high, medium, and low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity, red blood cell hematocrit, red blood cell aggregation index, red blood cell deformability index, red blood cell electrophoresis time, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the acute “blood stasis” rat model. The detergent reduced the weight of cotton ball granulomas in mice and decreased the number of writhing episodes caused by acetic acid. Conclusion: The breast lump resolution detergent demonstrates favorable therapeutic effects in treating breast hyperplasia, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, exerting anti-inflammatory properties, and providing analgesic effects. The downregulation of serum E2 and PRL levels and the upregulation of P levels may be critical mechanisms underlying its efficacy.

三棱多糖RSB-4结构表征及抗炎活性研究

三棱是一种常见的草本植物,用作中药具有破血行气、消积止痛等功效。文章采用热水提取法从三棱根茎中提取出多糖RSB,再通过DEAE-Cellulose阴离子交换层析柱进一步分离纯化得到三棱多糖RSB-4;并对RSB-4结构进行表征,结果表明,三棱多糖RSB-4的平均分子量大小为9.32×10^(5) Da,单糖主要由葡萄糖组成,是一种葡聚糖。结合甲基化和核磁共振谱(nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR)分析结果可知,三棱多糖RSB-4的主链由(1→3)-α-D-Glc p组成,在(1→3)-α-D-Glc p的O-6位连有支链T-β-D-Glc p和(1→6)-α-D-Glc p。免疫活性研究结果表明,三棱多糖RSB-4显著提高了巨噬细胞RAW264.7的增殖活性并促进NO的释放。研究结果为三棱多糖在功能性食品、抗炎药物上的开发和应用提供了理论基础。

基于肠道菌群-短链脂肪酸途径的人参改善运动性疲劳作用机制探索

目的:探索人参提取物通过调节肠道菌群发挥抗疲劳作用的机制。方法:制备大鼠负重游泳运动性疲劳模型,连续灌胃给予人参提取物21 d。采用负重游泳实验评价人参提取物抗疲劳作用;收集大鼠血清、肠道内容物及各组织,采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定人参提取物中总皂苷和总多糖含量;采用比色法检测尿素氮、乳酸和肝/肌糖原水平;采用酶联免疫吸附法检测白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)、IL-1β和C反应蛋白(CRP)水平;采用16S rRNA结合多元统计分析探索肠道菌群变化;采用液相色谱-质谱法(LC-MS/MS)测定血清短链脂肪酸变化。结果:人参提取物中总皂苷和总多糖质量分数分别为205.6、321.8 mg·g~(–1)。与模型组比较,人参提取物给药后能够显著延长大鼠负重游泳时间,同时上调肝脏和骨骼肌组织中糖原水平,下调血清中尿素氮和乳酸水平。与模型组比较,人参提取物可促进生成短链脂肪酸的肠道菌群表达,并提高血清中短链脂肪酸水平,同时下调炎症因子水平。结论:人参提取物具有明显的抗疲劳作用,其机制可能与调控肠道菌群促进短链脂肪酸生成,进而促进糖原生成,同时抑制炎症因子表达有关。

Synthesis and Anti-inflammatory Activity of 2-(E)-(4-Hy-droxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)-5-(N-Substituted aminomethyl)Cyclopentanones

A series of 2 (E) (4 hydroxy 3 methoxybenzylidene) 5 (N substituted ami nomethyl) cyclopentanones was synthesized and evaluated for the anti inflammatory activity. All of the target compounds were confirmed by spectral analysis and elemental analysis. Preliminary pharmacological tests showed that several compounds exerted appreciable inhibitory effect on xylene induced ear edema in mice and that alteration of the substituents of anilines had significant influence in anti inflammatory potency.

选择性COX-2抑制剂引起心血管风险的研究进展

非甾体抗炎药(non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs,NSAIDs)是一种有效的、广泛使用的抗炎镇痛药物,其对环氧合酶(cyclo-oxygenase,COX)亚型(COX-1、COX-2)的抑制作用将引起不同的反应,选择性COX-2抑制剂将显著增加不良心血管事件的风险,随着此类药物使用的增加和临床循证证据的积累,其带来的心血管风险引起了越来越多学者的关注。笔者通过归纳分析最新发表文献对选择性COX-2抑制剂引起心血管风险的研究进行综述,以期辅助临床合理用药,减少不良反应,提高用药安全性。

基于α7nAChR-miRNA124-STAT3通路探讨肠缺血再灌注电针血清对腹腔巨噬细胞的影响

目的:体外研究观察电针治疗肠缺血再灌注小鼠后,小鼠血清的效应物质干预腹腔巨噬细胞株RAW264.7的过程,探讨电针足三里改善肠缺血再灌注损伤(IIRI)的可能机制。方法:取BALB/c小鼠制备IIRI模型,随机分为正常血清组、模型血清组、电针血清组,电针血清组小鼠于足三里电针治疗30 min。各组小鼠制备动物血清后与RAW264.7细胞共培养,共设6组:对照组、正常血清组、模型血清组、电针血清组、电针血清+miRNA124抑制剂组、电针血清+α7nAChR拮抗剂组。实时荧光定量PCR法检测细胞α7nAChR和miRNA 124水平,Western blotting法检测细胞p-STAT3表达,ELISA法检测细胞上清IL-6浓度。结果:模型血清组p-STAT3及IL-6均较对照组和正常血清组显著增高;与模型血清组比较,电针血清组miRNA 124水平明显增高,而p-STAT3表达显著降低;与电针血清组比较,电针血清+α7nAChR拮抗剂组的α7nAChR水平显著下降,电针血清+miRNA 124抑制剂组和电针血清+α7nAChR拮抗剂组的miRNA 124水平显著下降,而p-STAT3和IL-6表达显著升高。结论:电针足三里可能通过促进巨噬细胞α7nAChR诱导miRNA 124,从而抑制STAT3通路改善IIRI。

超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间高分辨质谱用于化妆品中18种非甾体抗炎药筛查和测定

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF MS)快速筛查和测定化妆品中18种非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)的方法。样品采用60%乙腈水溶液超声提取,以ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱分离,0.1%甲酸水和0.1%甲酸乙腈为流动相梯度洗脱。在ESI正离子扫描模式下,采用Target MS/MS模式采集化合物的质谱信息构建筛查数据库,以保留时间、一级母离子精确质量数、同位素丰度比和二级子离子谱库匹配进行快速筛查,以基质匹配外标法进行定量分析。结果表明18种化合物的线性关系良好,相关系数(r^(2))均大于0.99;检出限为0.001~0.050μg/g,定量下限为0.004~0.150μg/g。低、中、高3个加标水平下,膏霜及水剂两种化妆品基质的平均回收率为70.7%~116%,日内相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.70%~7.5%,日间RSD(n=3)为3.0%~14%。该方法前处理简单高效、准确度好、分析速度快,筛查结果准确,可用于化妆品中非甾体抗炎药的定性确证和定量分析,为化妆品风险识别提供技术手段。

对炎症性肠病患者开展抗TNF-α制剂TDM的国内外指南/共识的质量评价

目的评价对炎症性肠病(IBD)患者开展抗肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)制剂治疗药物监测(TDM)的指南/共识的质量。方法检索PubMed、Embase、中国知网、万方数据和维普网以及国内外指南/共识发布网站,收集针对IBD患者开展抗TNF-α制剂TDM的指南/专家共识。检索时限均为建库至2023年6月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料后,采用指南研究与评价工具Ⅱ对纳入指南/共识的方法学质量进行评价,并汇总纳入指南/共识的主要推荐意见。结果共纳入9篇文献,3篇为指南,6篇为共识。9篇指南/共识在范围和目的、参与人员、制定的严谨性、表达的清晰性、应用性和编辑独立性6个维度的标准化百分比分别为90.43%、41.98%、52.55%、85.49%、19.00%、76.85%。8篇指南/共识的推荐级别为B级,1篇共识的推荐级别为C级。主要推荐意见涉及TDM应用场景、阈值范围、策略调整、检测方法以及结果解读。大部分指南/共识均推荐对失应答患者应进行被动TDM;建议根据预期的治疗结果设定TDM浓度范围,并结合疾病状况和TDM结果进行策略调整,且建议同一患者采用相同的检测方法。部分指南/共识认为,生物类似药和原研药不存在结果解读差异。结论纳入的指南/共识总体质量一般,推荐意见较为统一。临床工作者需要了解该类药物TDM的特点和局限性,并结合具体的临床治疗目标去解读和运用监测结果。

基于迷走-胆碱能抗炎通路探讨针刺治疗高血压病炎症反应作用机制

高血压病是临床常见心脑血管疾病之一。近年来,研究发现炎症反应与高血压病及靶器官损伤密切相关,炎症细胞浸润打破了自主神经系统的平衡,使外周交感神经过度激活,而交感神经活动的增强激活了免疫系统,促进了炎症的发生,从而形成恶性循环,而炎症反应的控制成为防治高血压病的新靶点。而迷走神经-胆碱能抗炎通路(cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway,CAIP)是一条神经-免疫通路,研究发现其中关键信号分子的调节作用,可介导延缓高血压病炎症反应。针刺的抗炎效果为大家所共识,机制可能与调控胆碱能抗炎通路有密切联系,该文拟通过文献分析、汇总,总结针刺基于胆碱能抗炎通路调节高血压病机制:(1)耳穴迷走神经刺激可驱动抗炎反应;(2)针刺通过调节CAIP中乙酰胆碱(acetylcholine,ACh)的释放和乙酰胆碱受体7(α7nAChR)的表达激活信号转导通路;(3)针刺可调节CAIP细胞内分子信号转导途径从而抑制炎症因子的产生与发展。

玉米黄素减轻脂多糖诱导的3T3-L1脂肪细胞慢性炎症

目的:探究一种天然类胡萝卜素——玉米黄素(ZEA),基于NF-κB信号通路减轻脂多糖(LPS)诱导的3T3-L1脂肪细胞慢性炎症并发挥抗炎的作用机制。方法:以LPS刺激成熟的3T3-L1脂肪细胞建立炎症模型,用不同浓度的ZEA(0,5,10,15μmol/L)进行干预,检测脂肪细胞炎症相关因子的含量,并通过实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)检测其mRNA表达水平,用蛋白免疫印迹法检测信号通路因子的蛋白表达水平。结果:与LPS组相比,ZEA干预显著抑制炎症细胞模型中促炎因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α和MCP-1分泌(P<0.001),同时促进抗炎因子IL-10和ADPN产生(P<0.001)。此外,qPCR结果显示ZEA能有效抑制促炎因子,同时恢复抗炎因子的mRNA表达水平(P<0.001)。蛋白免疫印迹结果表明,ZEA能明显降低IκB激酶催化亚基IKKα和IKKβ的蛋白和磷酸化表达(P<0.001),增强抑制蛋白IκBα与核转录因子NF-κB p65的结合,最终抑制NF-κB p65进行核内转录。结论:ZEA可通过抑制NF-κB信号通路激活及调控炎性因子的分泌,改善肥胖引起的慢性炎症。